{"https://codexery.com/named-stars/e/named-stars/sun/": {"t": "Sun", "s": "The Sun is the central star of the Solar System."}, "https://codexery.com/omniscient-readers-viewpoint/e/world/earth/": {"t": "Earth", "s": "Kim Dokja's world, divided into scenario domes."}, "https://codexery.com/stars-and-stellar-objects/e/stars-and-stellar-objects/asteroid/": {"t": "Asteroid", "s": "Rocky, metallic, or icy minor planets orbiting the Sun, mostly in the main belt between Mars and Jupiter."}, "https://codexery.com/stars-and-stellar-objects/e/stars-and-stellar-objects/comet/": {"t": "Comet", "s": "Icy wanderers that bloom when near the Sun."}, "https://codexery.com/meteoroids/e/meteoroids/meteoroid/": {"t": "Meteoroid", "s": "Small rocky or metallic bodies moving through interplanetary space."}, "https://codexery.com/earth/e/earth/asteroid-impact-avoidance/": {"t": "Asteroid impact avoidance", "s": "Methods to divert near-Earth objects from colliding with Earth."}, "https://codexery.com/american-inventions/e/american-inventions/torino-scale/": {"t": "Torino scale", "s": "A 0–10 scale rating asteroid and comet impact hazards."}, "https://codexery.com/international-organizations-and-agreemen/e/international-organizations-and-agreements/international-astronomical-union/": {"t": "International Astronomical Union", "s": "Global authority for astronomical naming and cooperation."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/venus/": {"t": "Venus", "s": "Earth's twin, hottest planet, shrouded in sulfuric acid clouds."}, "https://codexery.com/european-scientific-pioneers/e/european-scientific-pioneers/tycho-brahe/": {"t": "Tycho Brahe", "s": "The greatest pre-telescopic astronomer", "i": "https://codexery.com/european-scientific-pioneers/img/european-scientific-pioneers/tycho-brahe.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Tycho Brahe · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/planets-stellar-astronomy/e/planets-and-stellar-astronomy/parallax/": {"t": "Parallax", "s": "Parallax measures distance through apparent shift in viewpoint."}, "https://codexery.com/scientists-and-mathematicians/e/scientists-and-mathematicians/edmond-halley/": {"t": "Edmond Halley", "s": "English astronomer who predicted the return of Halley's Comet."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy/e/astronomy/halley-s-comet/": {"t": "Halley's Comet", "s": "First comet recognized as periodic, observed for over two millennia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/astronomy/img/astronomy/halley-s-comet.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Halley's Comet · see source"}, "/e/notable-asteroids/near-earth-asteroid/": {"t": "Near-Earth asteroid", "s": "Near-Earth asteroids are small bodies whose orbits bring them close to Earth."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomical-surveys/e/astronomical-surveys/dark-energy-survey/": {"t": "Dark Energy Survey", "s": "A survey constraining dark energy through multiple cosmological probes.", "i": "https://codexery.com/astronomical-surveys/img/astronomical-surveys/dark-energy-survey.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Dark Energy Survey · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/asteroids/e/asteroids/parent-body/": {"t": "Parent body", "s": "The celestial source of a meteorite or meteorite class."}, "https://codexery.com/asteroids/e/asteroids/yorp-effect/": {"t": "YORP effect", "s": "Solar radiation torques alter asteroid spin and orientation over time."}, "https://codexery.com/trans-neptunian-objects/e/trans-neptunian-objects/scott-s-sheppard/": {"t": "Scott S. Sheppard", "s": "Discoverer of distant Solar System objects and many irregular moons.", "i": "https://codexery.com/trans-neptunian-objects/img/trans-neptunian-objects/scott-s-sheppard.webp", "c": "George Eliot · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy-space/e/astronomy-and-space/minor-planet/": {"t": "Minor planet", "s": "A Sun-orbiting body that is neither a planet nor a comet."}, "https://codexery.com/comets/e/comets/provisional-designation-in-astronomy/": {"t": "Provisional designation in astronomy", "s": "Standardized naming for newly discovered astronomical objects."}, "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/e/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/orbital-period/": {"t": "Orbital period", "s": "Time for one full orbit around a primary body."}, "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/e/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/orbital-inclination/": {"t": "Orbital inclination", "s": "Angle measuring tilt of an orbit relative to a reference plane."}, "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/e/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/orbital-eccentricity/": {"t": "Orbital eccentricity", "s": "Parameter measuring deviation of an orbit from a perfect circle."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy-space/e/astronomy-and-space/mercury-planet/": {"t": "Mercury (planet)", "s": "Smallest planet and closest to the Sun."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-stellar-astronomy/e/planets-and-stellar-astronomy/stellar-classification/": {"t": "Stellar classification", "s": "System for classifying stars by spectral and luminosity characteristics."}, "https://codexery.com/rocks-and-minerals/e/rocks-and-minerals/enstatite/": {"t": "Enstatite", "s": "Magnesium-rich pyroxene mineral found in rocks, meteorites, and space."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism/e/electromagnetism/amplitude/": {"t": "Amplitude", "s": "Amplitude measures wave magnitude across multiple definitions."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy-space/e/astronomy-and-space/magnitude-astronomy/": {"t": "Magnitude (astronomy)", "s": "Logarithmic scale measuring stellar brightness, with lower values for brighter objects."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/binary-asteroid/": {"t": "Binary asteroid", "s": "Two asteroids orbiting a common center of mass."}, "https://codexery.com/meteor-showers/e/meteor-showers/meteor-shower/": {"t": "Meteor shower", "s": "Meteor showers are celestial events caused by debris entering Earth's atmosphere."}, "https://codexery.com/lunar-science/e/lunar-science/space-weathering/": {"t": "Space weathering", "s": "Space weathering alters surfaces of airless bodies via cosmic and impact processes."}, "https://codexery.com/optical-telescopes/e/optical-telescopes/pan-starrs/": {"t": "Pan-STARRS", "s": "Surveying the sky for moving or variable objects continually."}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/hawaii/": {"t": "Hawaii", "s": "Island state with a tropical climate and diverse heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/e/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/orbital-resonance/": {"t": "Orbital resonance", "s": "Orbital resonance shapes planetary systems through periodic gravitational interactions."}, "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/e/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/horseshoe-orbit/": {"t": "Horseshoe orbit", "s": "A co-orbital motion tracing a horseshoe shape relative to a larger body."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy-space/e/astronomy-and-space/impact-event/": {"t": "Impact event", "s": "Collisions between astronomical objects that shape planets and life."}, "https://codexery.com/nippon-columbia-artists/e/nippon-columbia-artists/field-of-view/": {"t": "Field of View", "s": "Japanese pop rock band formed in 1994."}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-the-united-states/e/space-program-of-the-united-states/sentry-monitoring-system/": {"t": "Sentry (monitoring system)", "s": "Automated system monitoring asteroid impact risks over 100 years."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomical-surveys/e/astronomical-surveys/b612-foundation/": {"t": "B612 Foundation", "s": "Private foundation advancing planetary defense against asteroid impacts."}, "https://codexery.com/european-scientific-pioneers/e/european-scientific-pioneers/stephen-hawking/": {"t": "Stephen Hawking", "s": "English theoretical astrophysicist who predicted Hawking radiation.", "i": "https://codexery.com/european-scientific-pioneers/img/european-scientific-pioneers/stephen-hawking.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Stephen Hawking · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/astrophotography/e/astrophotography/astronomical-survey/": {"t": "Astronomical survey", "s": "A general map or image of the sky lacking a specific target."}, "https://codexery.com/units-measurement/e/units-and-measurement/metre/": {"t": "Metre", "s": "Base SI unit of length, defined by light in vacuum."}, "https://codexery.com/meteorology/e/meteorology/day/": {"t": "Day", "s": "The time period of a full rotation of the Earth with respect to the Sun."}, "https://codexery.com/observatories-of-asia-africa-and-oceania/e/observatories-of-asia-africa-and-oceania/south-african-astronomical-observatory/": {"t": "South African Astronomical Observatory", "s": "South Africa's national centre for optical and infrared astronomy."}, "https://codexery.com/optical-telescopes/e/optical-telescopes/vera-c-rubin-observatory/": {"t": "Vera C. Rubin Observatory", "s": "A wide-field telescope surveying the southern sky every few nights."}, "https://codexery.com/optical-telescopes/e/optical-telescopes/space-surveillance-telescope/": {"t": "Space Surveillance Telescope", "s": "A US Space Force telescope tracking space debris and near-Earth objects."}, "https://codexery.com/telescope-types/e/telescope-types/cassegrain-reflector/": {"t": "Cassegrain reflector", "s": "Folded optical path with concave primary and convex secondary mirrors."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/tokyo/": {"t": "Tokyo", "s": "The capital of Japan, a global hub of economy, culture, and innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/new-mexico/": {"t": "New Mexico", "s": "Land of diverse cultures, history, and high desert."}, "https://codexery.com/asteroids/e/asteroids/observation-arc/": {"t": "Observation arc", "s": "Time between earliest and latest observations of a Solar System body."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy-space/e/astronomy-and-space/lagrange-point/": {"t": "Lagrange point", "s": "Equilibrium points for small objects in two-body gravitational systems."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/jupiter/": {"t": "Jupiter", "s": "Largest planet in the Solar System, a gas giant with a Great Red Spot."}, "https://codexery.com/space-missions/e/space-missions/osiris-rex/": {"t": "OSIRIS-REx", "s": "First U.S. spacecraft to return samples from an asteroid."}, "https://codexery.com/potential-impact-events-caused-by-near/e/potential-impact-events-caused-by-near-earth-objects/101955-bennu/": {"t": "101955 Bennu", "s": "A carbonaceous asteroid with a notable impact risk and OSIRIS-REx sample return."}, "https://codexery.com/space-missions/e/space-missions/hayabusa2/": {"t": "Hayabusa2", "s": "Japanese asteroid sample-return mission that returned Ryugu samples to Earth."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/mars/": {"t": "Mars", "s": "The fourth planet from the Sun, a desert world with polar ice caps."}, "https://codexery.com/hypothetical-astronomical-objects/e/hypothetical-astronomical-objects/theia-hypothetical-planet/": {"t": "Theia (hypothetical planet)", "s": "Hypothetical planet whose collision with Earth formed the Moon."}, "https://codexery.com/lunar-science/e/lunar-science/giant-impact-hypothesis/": {"t": "Giant-impact hypothesis", "s": "Leading hypothesis for the Moon's formation via a giant collision."}, "https://codexery.com/binary-and-multiple-stars/e/binary-and-multiple-stars/accretion-disk/": {"t": "Accretion disk", "s": "Accretion disks are ubiquitous structures that drive mass onto central objects."}, "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/e/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/libration/": {"t": "Libration", "s": "Cyclic variation in Moon's apparent position revealing extra lunar surface."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-stellar-astronomy/e/planets-and-stellar-astronomy/solar-system/": {"t": "Solar System", "s": "The Sun and all objects gravitationally bound to it.", "i": "https://codexery.com/planets-stellar-astronomy/img/planets-and-stellar-astronomy/solar-system.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Solar System · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/nebulae/e/nebulae/circumstellar-disc/": {"t": "Circumstellar disc", "s": "A circumstellar disc is a rotating ring of gas, dust, and debris around a star, key to planet formation."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/ceres-dwarf-planet/": {"t": "Ceres (dwarf planet)", "s": "Dwarf planet in the main asteroid belt, first discovered asteroid."}, "https://codexery.com/objects-observed-by-stellar-occultation/e/objects-observed-by-stellar-occultation/2-pallas/": {"t": "2 Pallas", "s": "Second asteroid discovered, a high-inclination remnant protoplanet."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/10-hygiea/": {"t": "10 Hygiea", "s": "A large, nearly spherical asteroid possibly qualifying as a dwarf planet."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy-space/e/astronomy-and-space/kuiper-belt/": {"t": "Kuiper belt", "s": "A circumstellar disc of icy bodies beyond Neptune."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy-space/e/astronomy-and-space/oort-cloud/": {"t": "Oort cloud", "s": "Theorized reservoir of icy bodies at the Solar System's edge."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/dwarf-planet/": {"t": "Dwarf planet", "s": "A rounded solar orbiter that has not cleared its orbit."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/asteroid-family/": {"t": "Asteroid family", "s": "Asteroid families are collisional fragments sharing similar orbital elements."}, "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics/e/classical-mechanics/gravity/": {"t": "Gravity", "s": "Gravity is the fundamental attraction between objects with mass.", "i": "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics/img/classical-mechanics/gravity.webp", "c": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Nicoguaro · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/asteroids/e/asteroids/kirkwood-gap/": {"t": "Kirkwood gap", "s": "Gaps in asteroid belt due to Jupiter orbital resonances."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomers-and-cosmologists/e/astronomers-and-cosmologists/johannes-kepler/": {"t": "Johannes Kepler", "s": "German polymath and father of modern astronomy", "i": "https://codexery.com/astronomers-and-cosmologists/img/astronomers-and-cosmologists/johannes-kepler.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Johannes Kepler · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/william-herschel/": {"t": "William Herschel", "s": "Discoverer of Uranus and infrared radiation", "i": "https://codexery.com/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/img/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/william-herschel.webp", "c": "Lemuel Francis Abbott · via Wikipedia: William Herschel · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/uranus/": {"t": "Uranus", "s": "The seventh planet, a tilted ice giant with extreme seasons."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/heinrich-wilhelm-matthias-olbers/": {"t": "Heinrich Wilhelm Matthias Olbers", "s": "German astronomer who discovered asteroids and formulated Olbers's paradox.", "i": "https://codexery.com/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/img/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/heinrich-wilhelm-matthias-olbers.webp", "c": "Rudolph Suhrlandt · via Wikipedia: Heinrich Wilhelm Matthias Olbers · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/napoleonic-wars/": {"t": "Napoleonic Wars", "s": "Global conflicts from 1803 to 1815, featuring coalitions against Napoleon and French domination of Europe.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/wars-and-conflicts/napoleonic-wars.webp", "c": "Ruedi33a · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/neptune/": {"t": "Neptune", "s": "The only planet discovered through mathematical prediction, not direct observation."}, "https://codexery.com/astrophotography/e/astrophotography/astrophotography/": {"t": "Astrophotography", "s": "Astrophotography records celestial objects using long exposures and specialized equipment."}, "https://codexery.com/hypothetical-astronomical-objects/e/hypothetical-astronomical-objects/disrupted-planet/": {"t": "Disrupted planet", "s": "A planet destroyed by a star or black hole."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/vesta-family/": {"t": "Vesta family", "s": "A large inner-belt family of bright V-type asteroids originating from 4 Vesta."}, "https://codexery.com/extraterrestrial-orbiters/e/extraterrestrial-orbiters/juno-spacecraft/": {"t": "Juno (spacecraft)", "s": "NASA solar-powered probe orbiting Jupiter since 2016.", "i": "https://codexery.com/extraterrestrial-orbiters/img/extraterrestrial-orbiters/juno-spacecraft.webp", "c": "NASA/JPL-Caltech · Public domain"}, "/e/notable-asteroids/baptistina-family/": {"t": "Baptistina family", "s": "Asteroid family of over 2500 members from a breakup 80 million years ago."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/flora-family/": {"t": "Flora family", "s": "A large, poorly defined stony asteroid family near Earth."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/asteroid-belt/": {"t": "Asteroid belt", "s": "A torus-shaped region between Mars and Jupiter containing many asteroids."}, "https://codexery.com/astrophotography/e/astrophotography/charge-coupled-device/": {"t": "Charge-coupled device", "s": "An integrated circuit that converts light into electric charge for imaging."}, "https://codexery.com/geology/e/geology/crust-geology/": {"t": "Crust (geology)", "s": "The outermost solid shell of a planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite.", "i": "https://codexery.com/geology/img/geology/crust-geology.webp", "c": "User:Zakapedia · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/earth-impact-database/e/earth-impact-database/chicxulub-crater/": {"t": "Chicxulub crater", "s": "Buried impact crater linked to dinosaur extinction."}, "https://codexery.com/space-missions/e/space-missions/the-hubble-space-telescope/": {"t": "The Hubble Space Telescope", "s": "A versatile space telescope observing ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared light."}, "https://codexery.com/extraterrestrial-orbiters/e/extraterrestrial-orbiters/rosetta-spacecraft/": {"t": "Rosetta (spacecraft)", "s": "First spacecraft to orbit and land on a comet."}, "https://codexery.com/asteroids/e/asteroids/yarkovsky-effect/": {"t": "Yarkovsky effect", "s": "Thermal radiation force altering small asteroid orbits."}, "https://codexery.com/human-evolution/e/human-evolution/lucy-hominid/": {"t": "Lucy (hominid)", "s": "Early hominin skeleton showing bipedalism preceded brain growth."}, "https://codexery.com/nasa-space-probes/e/nasa-space-probes/lucy-spacecraft/": {"t": "Lucy (spacecraft)", "s": "NASA probe to eight asteroids, including Jupiter trojans."}, "https://codexery.com/contact-binary/e/contact-binary/contact-binary-small-solar-system-body/": {"t": "Contact binary (small Solar System body)", "s": "Two bodies touching, forming a peanut-shaped minor planet or comet."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/minor-planet-moon/": {"t": "Minor-planet moon", "s": "A natural satellite orbiting a minor planet, revealing mass and density."}, "https://codexery.com/contact-binary/e/contact-binary/selam-moon/": {"t": "Selam (moon)", "s": "Contact binary moon of asteroid 152830 Dinkinesh."}, "https://codexery.com/former-spanish-colonies/e/former-spanish-colonies/arizona/": {"t": "Arizona", "s": "Former Spanish colony, now a Southwestern U.S. state."}, "https://codexery.com/asteroid-surveys/e/asteroid-surveys/near-earth-asteroid-tracking/": {"t": "Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking", "s": "NASA program that discovered over 40,000 minor planets."}, "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/e/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/ecliptic/": {"t": "Ecliptic", "s": "Apparent path of the Sun on the celestial sphere.", "i": "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/img/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/ecliptic.webp", "c": "S.fonsi · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/observatories-of-europe/e/observatories-of-europe/nice-observatory/": {"t": "Nice Observatory", "s": "Home of the world's largest refractor in 1886."}, "https://codexery.com/optical-telescopes/e/optical-telescopes/canada-france-hawaii-telescope/": {"t": "Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope", "s": "3.58-meter optical/infrared telescope on Mauna Kea since 1979."}, "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/e/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/escape-velocity/": {"t": "Escape velocity", "s": "Minimum speed to escape a body's gravitational pull.", "i": "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/img/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/escape-velocity.webp", "c": "Richard West · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/trans-neptunian-objects/e/trans-neptunian-objects/david-c-jewitt/": {"t": "David C. Jewitt", "s": "Co-discoverer of the first Kuiper belt object beyond Pluto."}, "https://codexery.com/comets/e/comets/active-asteroid/": {"t": "Active asteroid", "s": "Asteroid-like orbits with comet-like mass-loss activity."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism-and-radiation/e/electromagnetism-and-radiation/radiation-pressure/": {"t": "Radiation pressure", "s": "Mechanical pressure from electromagnetic radiation momentum exchange."}, "https://codexery.com/nasa-space-probes/e/nasa-space-probes/wide-field-infrared-survey-explorer/": {"t": "Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer", "s": "NASA infrared survey that mapped the entire sky."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/2017-ye5/": {"t": "2017 YE5", "s": "Binary near-Earth asteroid likely originating as an extinct comet."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/22-kalliope/": {"t": "22 Kalliope", "s": "A large M-type asteroid with a moon, Linus."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/90-antiope/": {"t": "90 Antiope", "s": "A double asteroid with two nearly equal components orbiting each other."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/121-hermione/": {"t": "121 Hermione", "s": "A large binary asteroid with a snowman-like shape and a moon."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/243-ida/": {"t": "243 Ida", "s": "First asteroid found to have a natural satellite."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/379-huenna/": {"t": "379 Huenna", "s": "A main-belt asteroid with a distant, eccentric moon."}, "https://codexery.com/extraterrestrial-orbiters/e/extraterrestrial-orbiters/galileo-spacecraft/": {"t": "Galileo (spacecraft)", "s": "First spacecraft to orbit an outer planet.", "i": "https://codexery.com/extraterrestrial-orbiters/img/extraterrestrial-orbiters/galileo-spacecraft.webp", "c": "NASA on The Commons · No restrictions"}, "https://codexery.com/recovered-astronomical-objects/e/recovered-astronomical-objects/69230-hermes/": {"t": "69230 Hermes", "s": "A lost binary asteroid rediscovered after 66 years."}, "https://codexery.com/space-probes-of-esa-japan-china-india/e/space-probes-of-esa-japan-china-india-and-the-ussr/gaia-spacecraft/": {"t": "Gaia (spacecraft)", "s": "ESA astrometry mission mapping a billion stars."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/617-patroclus/": {"t": "617 Patroclus", "s": "First binary trojan asteroid, icy like a comet."}, "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics/e/classical-mechanics/mass/": {"t": "Mass", "s": "Intrinsic property measuring inertia and gravitational attraction."}, "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics/e/classical-mechanics/density/": {"t": "Density", "s": "Mass per unit volume, an intensive property of matter."}, "https://codexery.com/trans-neptunian-objects/e/trans-neptunian-objects/148780-altjira/": {"t": "148780 Altjira", "s": "A low-density, red classical Kuiper belt binary."}, "https://codexery.com/moons-with-a-prograde-orbit/e/moons-with-a-prograde-orbit/charon-moon/": {"t": "Charon (moon)", "s": "Largest moon of Pluto, forming a binary system."}, "https://codexery.com/earth-impact-database/e/earth-impact-database/clearwater-lakes/": {"t": "Clearwater Lakes", "s": "Two impact craters forming a large Quebec lake.", "i": "https://codexery.com/earth-impact-database/img/earth-impact-database/clearwater-lakes.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Clearwater Lakes · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/pluto/": {"t": "Pluto", "s": "Dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt, once the ninth planet."}, "https://codexery.com/contact-binary/e/contact-binary/216-kleopatra/": {"t": "216 Kleopatra", "s": "A dumbbell-shaped main-belt asteroid with two moons."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-telescopes/e/radio-telescopes/arecibo-observatory/": {"t": "Arecibo Observatory", "s": "Former world's largest single-aperture radio telescope, collapsed in 2020."}, "https://codexery.com/comets/e/comets/extinct-comet/": {"t": "Extinct comet", "s": "A comet depleted of volatiles, resembling an asteroid."}, "https://codexery.com/stars-and-stellar-objects/e/stars-and-stellar-objects/constellation/": {"t": "Constellation", "s": "Patterns in the sky that guide stories and navigation."}, "https://codexery.com/constellations/e/constellations/gemini/": {"t": "Gemini", "s": "A zodiac constellation representing the twins Castor and Pollux."}, "https://codexery.com/separation-and-purification-techniques/e/separation-and-purification-techniques/spectroscopy/": {"t": "Spectroscopy", "s": "Spectroscopy measures and interprets electromagnetic spectra interacting with matter."}, "https://codexery.com/constellations/e/constellations/andromeda/": {"t": "Andromeda", "s": "Andromeda: a princess, a constellation, and a galaxy."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/west-virginia/": {"t": "West Virginia", "s": "Mountain state admitted as a free state during the Civil War."}, "https://codexery.com/stars-and-stellar-phenomena/e/stars-and-stellar-phenomena/light-curve/": {"t": "Light curve", "s": "Graph of celestial light intensity over time."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomical-concepts-and-techniques/e/astronomical-concepts-and-techniques/surface-brightness/": {"t": "Surface brightness", "s": "Surface brightness measures extended object visibility per angular area."}, "https://codexery.com/discoveries-by-michael-e-brown/e/discoveries-by-michael-e-brown/linus-moon/": {"t": "Linus (moon)", "s": "Large moon of asteroid 22 Kalliope, discovered in 2001."}, "https://codexery.com/asteroid-surveys/e/asteroid-surveys/iras/": {"t": "IRAS", "s": "First space telescope to survey the entire infrared sky."}, "https://codexery.com/discoveries-by-michael-e-brown/e/discoveries-by-michael-e-brown/michael-e-brown/": {"t": "Michael E. Brown", "s": "Astronomer whose discoveries led to Pluto's reclassification as a dwarf planet."}, "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/e/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/orbital-elements/": {"t": "Orbital elements", "s": "Parameters that uniquely identify a specific orbit."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/world/paris/": {"t": "Paris", "s": "Capetian capital on the Seine."}, "https://codexery.com/geology-earth-science/e/geology-and-earth-science/impact-crater/": {"t": "Impact crater", "s": "A depression formed by hypervelocity impact of a smaller object."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/nysa-polana-complex/": {"t": "Nysa–Polana complex", "s": "Overlapping asteroid families in the inner main belt."}, "https://codexery.com/constellations/e/constellations/libra-constellation/": {"t": "Libra (constellation)", "s": "Libra is a faint zodiac constellation representing weighing scales."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-gods/e/animal-gods/aristaeus/": {"t": "Aristaeus", "s": "Culture hero and patron of rustic arts and crafts."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-myths/e/greek-myths/dionysus/": {"t": "Dionysus", "s": "God of wine, theatre, and ecstatic liberation."}, "https://codexery.com/discoverers-of-astronomical-objects/e/discoverers-of-astronomical-objects/heinrich-louis-d-arrest/": {"t": "Heinrich Louis d'Arrest", "s": "German astronomer who helped discover Neptune and found a periodic comet."}, "https://codexery.com/science-measurement/e/science-and-measurement/telescope/": {"t": "Telescope", "s": "Observing the universe across the electromagnetic spectrum", "i": "https://codexery.com/science-measurement/img/science-and-measurement/telescope.webp", "c": "Pelligton · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism-and-waves/e/electromagnetism-and-waves/infrared/": {"t": "Infrared", "s": "Invisible electromagnetic radiation between visible light and microwaves."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism-and-radiation/e/electromagnetism-and-radiation/radiometry/": {"t": "Radiometry", "s": "Techniques for measuring electromagnetic radiation power distribution."}, "https://codexery.com/binary-and-multiple-stars/e/binary-and-multiple-stars/contact-binary/": {"t": "Contact binary", "s": "Binary stars that touch or share gaseous envelopes."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/themis-family/": {"t": "Themis family", "s": "A large carbonaceous asteroid family in the outer belt."}, "https://codexery.com/mythology-of-heracles/e/mythology-of-heracles/antiope-amazon/": {"t": "Antiope (Amazon)", "s": "Amazon daughter of Ares, abducted by Theseus."}, "https://codexery.com/mythological-kidnapped-people/e/mythological-kidnapped-people/antiope-mother-of-amphion/": {"t": "Antiope (mother of Amphion)", "s": "Mother of Amphion and Zethus, abused by her uncle and rescued by her sons.", "i": "https://codexery.com/mythological-kidnapped-people/img/mythological-kidnapped-people/antiope-mother-of-amphion.webp", "c": "Dosseman · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/orestes/e/orestes/hermione-mythology/": {"t": "Hermione (mythology)", "s": "Daughter of Menelaus and Helen, wife of Orestes."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-mythological-heroes/e/greek-mythological-heroes/menelaus/": {"t": "Menelaus", "s": "Spartan king whose wife Helen's abduction caused the Trojan War."}, "https://codexery.com/mythological-kidnapped-people/e/mythological-kidnapped-people/helen-of-troy/": {"t": "Helen of Troy", "s": "Her face launched a thousand ships toward Troy.", "i": "https://codexery.com/mythological-kidnapped-people/img/mythological-kidnapped-people/helen-of-troy.webp", "c": "Antonio Canova · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/classical-and-fluid-mechanics/e/classical-and-fluid-mechanics/precession/": {"t": "Precession", "s": "A change in the orientation of a rotating body's rotational axis."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/marquis-de-lafayette/": {"t": "Marquis de Lafayette", "s": "Hero of the Two Worlds: French aristocrat who fought for American independence and French liberty.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/leaders/marquis-de-lafayette.webp", "c": "Joseph-Désiré Court · via Wikipedia: Marquis de Lafayette · Public domain"}, "/e/notable-asteroids/koronis-family/": {"t": "Koronis family", "s": "A large stony asteroid family with two younger subfamilies."}, "https://codexery.com/major-islands-and-archipelagos/e/major-islands-and-archipelagos/crete/": {"t": "Crete", "s": "Largest Greek island, centre of Minoan civilization."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-myths/e/greek-myths/zeus/": {"t": "Zeus", "s": "King of the gods, sky and thunder deity."}, "https://codexery.com/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/e/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/space-shuttle-atlantis/": {"t": "Space Shuttle Atlantis", "s": "Fourth operational Space Shuttle, flew the program's final mission."}, "https://codexery.com/space-shuttle-missions/e/space-shuttle-missions/sts-34/": {"t": "STS-34", "s": "Deployed Galileo probe; first shuttle with two women since Challenger."}, "https://codexery.com/antenna-types/e/antenna-types/directional-antenna/": {"t": "Directional antenna", "s": "A directional antenna focuses radio waves in a specific direction."}, "https://codexery.com/computing-software/e/computing-and-software/pixel/": {"t": "Pixel", "s": "Smallest addressable element of a raster image."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/alexander-the-great/": {"t": "Alexander the Great", "s": "King of Macedon who created a vast empire from Greece to India."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/texas/": {"t": "Texas", "s": "Second-largest U.S. state by area, but first in Fortune 500 headquarters and gross state product."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/macedonia-ancient-kingdom/": {"t": "Macedonia (ancient kingdom)", "s": "Ancient kingdom that became the dominant Hellenistic state."}, "https://codexery.com/missions-to-the-moon/e/missions-to-the-moon/lunar-flyby/": {"t": "Lunar flyby", "s": "A spacecraft passes near the Moon without entering orbit.", "i": "https://codexery.com/missions-to-the-moon/img/missions-to-the-moon/lunar-flyby.webp", "c": "NASA Johnson Space Center / NASA/PHOTO_ LUNA_POSADAS_N · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/lgbtq-themes-in-greek-mythology/e/lgbtq-themes-in-greek-mythology/patroclus/": {"t": "Patroclus", "s": "Greek hero and close companion of Achilles in the Trojan War."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-myths/e/greek-myths/the-trojan-war/": {"t": "The Trojan War", "s": "Legendary Greek war against Troy, central to Homeric epics."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-mythological-heroes/e/greek-mythological-heroes/hector/": {"t": "Hector", "s": "Trojan prince and greatest warrior of Troy."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/hektor-family/": {"t": "Hektor family", "s": "A non-catastrophic collisional family in the Trojan Greek camp."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/16974-iphthime/": {"t": "16974 Iphthime", "s": "A large binary Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/44-nysa/": {"t": "44 Nysa", "s": "Largest E-type asteroid, a contact trinary with a moon."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/hungaria-family/": {"t": "Hungaria family", "s": "Collisional family of bright E-type asteroids in the inner belt."}, "https://codexery.com/observatories-of-asia-africa-and-oceania/e/observatories-of-asia-africa-and-oceania/boyden-observatory/": {"t": "Boyden Observatory", "s": "Research observatory and education centre in South Africa."}, "https://codexery.com/capital-cities-of-africa/e/capital-cities-of-africa/bloemfontein/": {"t": "Bloemfontein", "s": "Judicial capital of South Africa and the City of Roses."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomers-and-cosmologists/e/astronomers-and-cosmologists/fritz-zwicky/": {"t": "Fritz Zwicky", "s": "Swiss astronomer who pioneered dark matter and supernova theory.", "i": "https://codexery.com/astronomers-and-cosmologists/img/astronomers-and-cosmologists/fritz-zwicky.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Fritz Zwicky · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/galaxy-clusters-and-groups/e/galaxy-clusters-and-groups/galaxy-cluster/": {"t": "Galaxy cluster", "s": "Largest gravitationally bound structures, composed of galaxies, gas, and dark matter."}, "https://codexery.com/cosmic-mysteries/e/cosmic-mysteries/dark-matter/": {"t": "Dark matter", "s": "Invisible matter inferred from gravitational effects on cosmic scales."}, "https://codexery.com/space-telescopes/e/space-telescopes/akari-satellite/": {"t": "Akari (satellite)", "s": "Japanese infrared satellite that mapped the entire sky."}, "https://codexery.com/observatories-of-asia-africa-and-oceania/e/observatories-of-asia-africa-and-oceania/madras-observatory/": {"t": "Madras Observatory", "s": "British East India Company observatory for navigation and star cataloguing."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-myths/e/greek-myths/apollo/": {"t": "Apollo", "s": "God of light, healing, prophecy, music, poetry, and archery; twin brother of Artemis."}, "https://codexery.com/words-and-phrases-derived-from-greek/e/words-and-phrases-derived-from-greek-mythology/sisyphean/": {"t": "Sisyphean", "s": "Describes a futile, never-ending labor."}, "https://codexery.com/geology/e/geology/cretaceous-paleogene-extinction-event/": {"t": "Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event", "s": "Mass extinction that ended the age of non-avian dinosaurs.", "i": "https://codexery.com/geology/img/geology/cretaceous-paleogene-extinction-event.webp", "c": "Wilson44691 · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/opera-composers/e/opera-composers/bed-ich-smetana/": {"t": "Bedřich Smetana", "s": "Father of Czech music, composer of The Bartered Bride and Má vlast.", "i": "https://codexery.com/opera-composers/img/opera-composers/bed-ich-smetana.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Bedřich Smetana · see source"}, "/e/notable-asteroids/hungaria-asteroids/": {"t": "Hungaria asteroids", "s": "Innermost dense asteroid concentration, dominated by high-inclination E-types."}, "https://codexery.com/classical-music-compositions/e/classical-music-compositions/m-vlast/": {"t": "Má vlast", "s": "Six symphonic poems depicting Bohemia's countryside, history, and legends."}, "https://codexery.com/nasa-space-probes-of-the-1960s/e/nasa-space-probes-of-the-1960s/surveyor-program/": {"t": "Surveyor program", "s": "First American spacecraft to soft-land on the Moon."}, "https://codexery.com/human-spaceflight-programs/e/human-spaceflight-programs/apollo-program/": {"t": "Apollo program", "s": "The United States human spaceflight program that landed the first humans on the Moon."}, "https://codexery.com/characters-in-the-iliad/e/characters-in-the-iliad/priam/": {"t": "Priam", "s": "Last king of Troy, father of Hector and Paris."}, "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-mythology-and-religion/e/pre-columbian-mythology-and-religion/selk-nam-mythology/": {"t": "Selkʼnam mythology", "s": "Mythology of the Selkʼnam and Haush peoples of Tierra del Fuego."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-capes/e/peninsulas-and-capes/tierra-del-fuego/": {"t": "Tierra del Fuego", "s": "Archipelago at the southern tip of South America", "i": "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-capes/img/peninsulas-and-capes/tierra-del-fuego.webp", "c": "Godot13 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/critics-of-parapsychology/e/critics-of-parapsychology/martin-gardner/": {"t": "Martin Gardner", "s": "Prolific skeptic and popularizer of recreational mathematics.", "i": "https://codexery.com/critics-of-parapsychology/img/critics-of-parapsychology/martin-gardner.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Martin Gardner · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/observatories-of-asia-africa-and-oceania/e/observatories-of-asia-africa-and-oceania/union-observatory/": {"t": "Union Observatory", "s": "South African observatory that discovered Proxima Centauri and thousands of double stars."}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-russian-empire/e/rebellions-against-the-russian-empire/decembrist-revolt/": {"t": "Decembrist revolt", "s": "Failed 1825 coup by liberal officers against Russian autocracy."}, "https://codexery.com/asteroid-surveys/e/asteroid-surveys/palomar-leiden-survey/": {"t": "Palomar–Leiden survey", "s": "A productive survey discovering thousands of asteroids and Jupiter trojans."}, "https://codexery.com/optical-telescopes/e/optical-telescopes/samuel-oschin-telescope/": {"t": "Samuel Oschin telescope", "s": "A 48-inch Schmidt camera at Palomar Observatory."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-propagation/e/radio-propagation/doppler-effect/": {"t": "Doppler effect", "s": "Frequency shift due to relative motion between source and observer."}, "https://codexery.com/observatories-of-europe/e/observatories-of-europe/haute-provence-observatory/": {"t": "Haute-Provence Observatory", "s": "French national observatory where the first exoplanet was discovered."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/wallonia/": {"t": "Wallonia", "s": "A region of Belgium with a rich industrial history and a diversified modern economy."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/lore/charlemagne/": {"t": "Charlemagne", "s": "King of the Franks and Lombards, crowned emperor in 800."}, "https://codexery.com/composers/e/great-composers/claude-debussy/": {"t": "Claude Debussy", "s": "French composer who rejected the term Impressionist but shaped modern music.", "i": "https://codexery.com/composers/img/great-composers/claude-debussy.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Claude Debussy · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/composers/e/great-composers/frederic-chopin/": {"t": "Frederic Chopin", "s": "Polish composer and pianist of the early Romantic period.", "i": "https://codexery.com/composers/img/great-composers/frederic-chopin.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Heart of Frédéric Chopin · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/scientists-and-mathematicians/e/scientists-and-mathematicians/linus-pauling/": {"t": "Linus Pauling", "s": "American chemist and peace activist, winner of two Nobel Prizes"}, "https://codexery.com/lunar-science/e/lunar-science/origin-of-the-moon/": {"t": "Origin of the Moon", "s": "The Moon likely formed from debris of a giant impact."}, "https://codexery.com/lunar-science/e/lunar-science/late-heavy-bombardment/": {"t": "Late Heavy Bombardment", "s": "A hypothesized spike in impacts on the Moon and inner planets roughly 4.1 to 3.8 billion years ago.", "i": "https://codexery.com/lunar-science/img/lunar-science/late-heavy-bombardment.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Late Heavy Bombardment · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/stellar-evolution/e/stellar-evolution/formation-and-evolution-of-the-solar-system/": {"t": "Formation and 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and divine."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomical-catalogues/e/astronomical-catalogues/digitized-sky-survey/": {"t": "Digitized Sky Survey", "s": "Digitized photographic surveys of the night sky for astronomy."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-myths/e/greek-myths/mount-olympus/": {"t": "Mount Olympus", "s": "Home of the Greek gods and Greece's highest peak.", "i": "https://codexery.com/greek-myths/img/greek-myths/mount-olympus.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Mount Olympus · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/words-and-phrases-derived-from-greek/e/words-and-phrases-derived-from-greek-mythology/herculean/": {"t": "Herculean", "s": "Of or like Hercules; requiring great strength."}, "https://codexery.com/astrobiology-space-missions/e/astrobiology-space-missions/curiosity-rover/": {"t": "Curiosity (rover)", "s": "Mars rover exploring Gale crater and Mount Sharp since 2012."}, "https://codexery.com/recovered-astronomical-objects/e/recovered-astronomical-objects/comet-swift-tuttle/": {"t": "Comet Swift–Tuttle", "s": "Parent body of the Perseid meteor shower."}, "https://codexery.com/comets/e/comets/lost-comet/": {"t": "Lost comet", "s": "A periodic comet not detected at its most recent perihelion passage."}, "https://codexery.com/amateur-astronomy/e/amateur-astronomy/amateur-astronomy/": {"t": "Amateur astronomy", "s": "Amateur astronomers observe celestial objects for passion, education, and citizen science."}, "https://codexery.com/the-martian/e/world/jet-propulsion-laboratory/": {"t": "Jet Propulsion Laboratory", "s": "NASA's robotic-spacecraft lab, where Bruce Ng and Rich Purnell work."}, "https://codexery.com/geology-earth-science/e/geology-and-earth-science/mineralogy/": {"t": "Mineralogy", "s": "Scientific study of minerals, their properties, and crystal structures."}, "https://codexery.com/geology/e/geology/geomorphology/": {"t": "Geomorphology", "s": "Study of Earth's surface form and change."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/plutarch/": {"t": "Plutarch", "s": "Greek and Roman philosopher, historian, and priest of Apollo"}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-depictions-of-theseus/e/cultural-depictions-of-theseus/parallel-lives/": {"t": "Parallel Lives", "s": "Plutarch's paired biographies of Greek and Roman figures.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cultural-depictions-of-theseus/img/cultural-depictions-of-theseus/parallel-lives.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Parallel Lives · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/geometry-and-shapes/e/geometry-and-shapes/sphere/": {"t": "Sphere", "s": "A sphere is a set of points equidistant from a center in 3D space."}, "https://codexery.com/cosmic-mysteries/e/cosmic-mysteries/seti/": {"t": "SETI", "s": "Exploring, understanding, and explaining the origin and nature of life in the universe."}, "https://codexery.com/deities-in-the-hebrew-bible/e/deities-in-the-hebrew-bible/inanna/": {"t": "Inanna", "s": "Mesopotamian goddess of war, love, and the Queen of Heaven."}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-japan/e/space-program-of-japan/japan-spaceguard-association/": {"t": "Japan Spaceguard Association", "s": "Nonprofit dedicated to near-Earth object observation and protection."}, "https://codexery.com/asteroid-surveys/e/asteroid-surveys/bisei-spaceguard-center/": {"t": "Bisei Spaceguard Center", "s": "Japanese facility tracking asteroids and space debris since 2000.", "i": "https://codexery.com/asteroid-surveys/img/asteroid-surveys/bisei-spaceguard-center.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Bisei Spaceguard Center · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/nebulae/e/nebulae/interstellar-cloud/": {"t": "Interstellar cloud", "s": "Denser-than-average regions of the interstellar medium, where hydrogen can be neutral, ionized, or molecular."}, "https://codexery.com/atmosphere/e/atmosphere/atmosphere/": {"t": "Atmosphere", "s": "A layer of gases enveloping an astronomical object, retained by gravity."}, "https://codexery.com/observatories-of-asia-africa-and-oceania/e/observatories-of-asia-africa-and-oceania/purple-mountain-observatory/": {"t": "Purple Mountain Observatory", "s": "Dual-use Chinese observatory for astronomy and space domain awareness."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/1727-mette/": {"t": "1727 Mette", "s": "Binary Hungaria asteroid and Mars-crosser discovered in 1965."}, "https://codexery.com/recovered-astronomical-objects/e/recovered-astronomical-objects/132-aethra/": {"t": "132 Aethra", "s": "First discovered Mars-crossing asteroid, lost then recovered in 1922."}, "https://codexery.com/archaeologists-and-anthropologists/e/archaeologists-and-anthropologists/mary-leakey/": {"t": "Mary Leakey", "s": "British paleoanthropologist who discovered the Proconsul skull, Zinjanthropus, and Laetoli footprints."}, "https://codexery.com/archaeologists-and-anthropologists/e/archaeologists-and-anthropologists/richard-leakey/": {"t": "Richard Leakey", "s": "Kenyan paleoanthropologist, conservationist, and politician."}, "https://codexery.com/people-who-have-flown-in-suborbital/e/people-who-have-flown-in-suborbital-spaceflight/john-b-mckay/": {"t": "John B. McKay", "s": "American test pilot and X-15 astronaut who flew above 295600 ft."}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-the-united-states/e/space-program-of-the-united-states/united-states-astronaut-badges/": {"t": "United States astronaut badges", "s": "Badges awarded for spaceflight qualification and achievement."}, "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/e/universities-and-colleges/harvard-university/": {"t": "Harvard University", "s": "Oldest institution of higher learning in the United States.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/img/universities-and-colleges/harvard-university.webp", "c": "Harvard University · via Wikipedia: Harvard University · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/monty-python/e/members/graham-chapman/": {"t": "Graham Chapman", "s": "The Python who played the lead in Holy Grail and Life of Brian."}, "https://codexery.com/film-theater/e/film-and-theater/monty-python/": {"t": "Monty Python", "s": "1975 British comedy film parodying King Arthur's quest for the Holy Grail."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-roman-triumphators/e/ancient-roman-triumphators/germanicus/": {"t": "Germanicus", "s": "Roman general who avenged Teutoburg Forest and recovered legionary eagles."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-roman-triumphators/e/ancient-roman-triumphators/tiberius/": {"t": "Tiberius", "s": "Second Roman emperor and successful general who expanded the northern frontier."}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-france/e/space-program-of-france/thales-alenia-space/": {"t": "Thales Alenia Space", "s": "European joint venture for satellites and space infrastructure."}, "https://codexery.com/music-genres-styles/e/music-genres-and-styles/lied/": {"t": "Lied", "s": "A German term for setting poetry to music, often synonymous with art song."}, "https://codexery.com/composers/e/great-composers/robert-schumann/": {"t": "Robert Schumann", "s": "German Romantic composer, pianist, and music critic.", "i": "https://codexery.com/composers/img/great-composers/robert-schumann.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Robert Schumann · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/hokkaido/": {"t": "Hokkaido", "s": "Hokkaido is Japan’s northernmost main island and the second largest of the four."}, "https://codexery.com/power-generation/e/power-generation/hydroelectricity/": {"t": "Hydroelectricity", "s": "Electricity generated from hydropower, a key low-carbon energy source."}, "https://codexery.com/beliefs-and-practices/e/beliefs-and-practices/myth/": {"t": "Myth", "s": "A sacred narrative central to a society's values and worldview."}, "https://codexery.com/observatories-of-europe/e/observatories-of-europe/calar-alto-observatory/": {"t": "Calar Alto Observatory", "s": "Home to mainland Europe's largest telescope."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/3868-mendoza/": {"t": "3868 Mendoza", "s": "Stony Vestian binary asteroid discovered in 1960."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/10208-germanicus/": {"t": "10208 Germanicus", "s": "A stony binary asteroid from the inner main belt."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/15268-wendelinefroger/": {"t": "15268 Wendelinefroger", "s": "Stony binary asteroid with a moon discovered in 2008."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/1798-watts/": {"t": "1798 Watts", "s": "A stony binary asteroid from the inner main-belt."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/2478-tokai/": {"t": "2478 Tokai", "s": "Stony Florian binary asteroid discovered in 1981 by Toshimasa Furuta."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/5481-kiuchi/": {"t": "5481 Kiuchi", "s": "Bright binary Vestian asteroid with a synchronous moon."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/8306-shoko/": {"t": "8306 Shoko", "s": "A Florian binary asteroid with a synchronous moon."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/4868-knushevia/": {"t": "4868 Knushevia", "s": "Bright Hungaria asteroid and suspected binary system."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/8026-johnmckay/": {"t": "8026 Johnmckay", "s": "Binary Hungaria asteroid, very slow rotator, named for X-15 pilot."}, "https://codexery.com/spiral-galaxies/e/spiral-galaxies/spiral-galaxy/": {"t": "Spiral galaxy", "s": "Spiral galaxies feature rotating disks, arms, and often a central bar."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/3671-dionysus/": {"t": "3671 Dionysus", "s": "Binary Amor asteroid with a moon and Earth-grazing orbit."}, "https://codexery.com/nasa-space-probes/e/nasa-space-probes/psyche-spacecraft/": {"t": "Psyche (spacecraft)", "s": "First mission to a metallic asteroid, using Hall-effect thrusters."}, "https://codexery.com/nasa-space-probes/e/nasa-space-probes/double-asteroid-redirection-test/": {"t": "Double Asteroid Redirection Test", "s": "NASA mission testing asteroid deflection via kinetic impact."}, "https://codexery.com/kerbal-space-program/e/lore/delta-v-v/": {"t": "Delta-v (Δv)", "s": "The budget of speed change a rocket can spend."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/hygiea-family/": {"t": "Hygiea family", "s": "Dark carbonaceous family dominated by the giant 10 Hygiea."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/massalia-family/": {"t": "Massalia family", "s": "A young, two-lobed S-type family in the inner asteroid belt."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/karin-family/": {"t": "Karin family", "s": "The most recent known asteroid collision in the main belt."}, "https://codexery.com/objects-observed-by-stellar-occultation/e/objects-observed-by-stellar-occultation/113-amalthea/": {"t": "113 Amalthea", "s": "Stony Florian asteroid with a retracted satellite claim."}, "https://codexery.com/earth-impact-database/e/earth-impact-database/cretaceous-paleogene-boundary/": {"t": "Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary", "s": "Geological marker of a mass extinction linked to an asteroid impact."}, "https://codexery.com/lunar-craters/e/lunar-craters/tycho-lunar-crater/": {"t": "Tycho (lunar crater)", "s": "A young, bright lunar crater with extensive rays."}, "https://codexery.com/astrology/e/astrology/ephemeris/": {"t": "Ephemeris", "s": "Tables of celestial positions used in astronomy and astrology."}, "https://codexery.com/stars-and-stellar-objects/e/stars-and-stellar-objects/barycenter-astronomy/": {"t": "Barycenter (astronomy)", "s": "Dynamical point representing the center of mass of orbiting bodies."}, "https://codexery.com/extraterrestrial-orbiters/e/extraterrestrial-orbiters/cassini-huygens/": {"t": "Cassini–Huygens", "s": "Joint mission to study Saturn and its moons.", "i": "https://codexery.com/extraterrestrial-orbiters/img/extraterrestrial-orbiters/cassini-huygens.webp", "c": "Photograph by Mike Peel ( www.mikepeel.net ). · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/objects-observed-by-stellar-occultation/e/objects-observed-by-stellar-occultation/85-io/": {"t": "85 Io", "s": "A carbonaceous asteroid with the shortest minor-planet designation."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/624-hektor/": {"t": "624 Hektor", "s": "Largest Jupiter trojan, elongated contact binary with a moon."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/schubart-family/": {"t": "Schubart family", "s": "A collisional family of dark asteroids in the Hilda dynamical group."}, "https://codexery.com/asteroids/e/asteroids/e-belt-asteroids/": {"t": "E-belt asteroids", "s": "Hypothetical source of most Late Heavy Bombardment lunar impacts."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy/e/astronomy/giant-planet/": {"t": "Giant planet", "s": "A massive planet composed mainly of volatiles, not solid matter."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy/e/astronomy/cosmic-ray/": {"t": "Cosmic ray", "s": "High-energy particles from space, discovered via balloon flights in 1912.", "i": "https://codexery.com/astronomy/img/astronomy/cosmic-ray.webp", "c": "Vahram Mekhitarian · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/objects-observed-by-stellar-occultation/e/objects-observed-by-stellar-occultation/110-lydia/": {"t": "110 Lydia", "s": "A large M-type asteroid discovered in 1870 by Alphonse Borrelly."}, "https://codexery.com/objects-observed-by-stellar-occultation/e/objects-observed-by-stellar-occultation/135-hertha/": {"t": "135 Hertha", "s": "Asteroid from the inner belt, possibly hydrated M-type."}, "https://codexery.com/recovered-astronomical-objects/e/recovered-astronomical-objects/878-mildred/": {"t": "878 Mildred", "s": "A main-belt asteroid and namesake of the Mildred family."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/saturn/": {"t": "Saturn", "s": "Saturn is a gas giant with rings and the lowest density in the Solar System."}, "/e/notable-asteroids/hilda-family/": {"t": "Hilda family", "s": "An ancient collisional family of dark asteroids in Jupiter's 3:2 resonance."}}