AVR microcontrollers
8-bit RISC microcontrollers with on-chip flash memory.
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Vahid alpha at English Wikipedia · CC BY 3.0
It was conceived by two Norwegian students, Alf-Egil Bogen and Vegard Wollan, at the Norwegian Institute of Technology.[1] Five hundred million AVR flash microcontrollers had been shipped by Atmel as of 2003.[2]
Quick Facts
- Introduced
- 1997
- Field
- Microcontrollers
- Developer
- Atmel (acquired by Microchip Technology in 2016)
- Architecture
- 8-bit RISC, modified Harvard
- Known for
- On-chip flash memory, Arduino platform integration
Facts from the source article.
How it changed
The AVR architecture was originally developed as a μRISC (Micro RISC) building block at Nordic VLSI in Trondheim, Norway.[3] The technology was sold to Atmel, where Bogen and Wollan continued development at Atmel Norway.[3] To achieve efficient compilation of high-level languages, the AVR instruction set was co-designed with compiler specialists from IAR Systems.[4] Atmel asked major compiler developers which instruction set features would be most beneficial for high-level language compilers.[4]
Because the instruction set is largely regular, implementing C and Ada compilers for it is quite simple and efficient.[4] AVR support has been present in GCC for a long time and is extensively used.[4] LLVM provides only basic support for AVR.[4]
What the maker and period sources say
The FPSLIC family combines an AVR core with an FPGA, with the AVR core running at up to 50 MHz.[5] The designers have never given a definitive explanation for "AVR", but many people believe it means "Alf and Vegard's RISC processor".[6] Instead of flash, the AT90SC AVR series can use factory-installed mask-ROM for program storage.[7] A bootloader area ranging from 256 bytes up to 4 KB can be set aside on most AVR models for re-programming code.[8]
XMEGA devices use an Atmel-proprietary interface called the Program and Debug Interface (PDI) for external programming and debugging.[9]
References
- Wikipedia, "AVR microcontrollers" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Since 1996, NTH has become part of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU); alfbogen.com blog; "The Story of AVR", youtube.com}}{{cbignore, 12 June 2008 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "AVR microcontrollers" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Atmel press release. "Atmel's AVR Microcontroller Ships 500 Million Units". (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "AVR microcontrollers" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: An introduction to Atmel and the AVR microcontroller; "Embedded Systems and Microcontrollers" (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "AVR microcontrollers" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Myklebust, "The AVR Microcontroller and C Compiler Co-Design", Atmel Norway (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "AVR microcontrollers" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Field Programmable System Level Integrated Circuit. . (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "AVR microcontrollers" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "The Story of AVR", youtube.com}}{{cbignore, 12 June 2008; "UNSW School of Computer Science and Engineering - General AVR Info", Cse.unsw.edu.au (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "AVR microcontrollers" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Atmel's Self-Programming Flash Microcontrollers" (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "AVR microcontrollers" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "DES-encrypted AVR Bootloader"; "AES-encrypted AVR Bootloader"; "XMEGA Bootloader"; "AVR USB Bootloader" (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "AVR microcontrollers" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "PDI programming driver" (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article AVR microcontrollers (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.
More in Norwegian inventions
Sources
Compiled from Wikipedia and the sources listed below. Text from Wikipedia is available under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is adapted from it.
- Wikipedia: AVR microcontrollers (CC BY-SA 4.0).
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