[{"n": "Nephrology", "u": "/e/nephrology/nephrology/", "s": "Medical specialty studying kidney function, disease, and replacement therapy."}, {"n": "Clearance (pharmacology)", "u": "/e/nephrology/clearance-pharmacology/", "s": "Clearance measures the volume of plasma cleared of a substance per unit time."}, {"n": "Creatinine", "u": "/e/nephrology/creatinine/", "s": "Creatinine is a key blood marker of kidney function."}, {"n": "Cystatin C", "u": "/e/nephrology/cystatin-c/", "s": "A low-molecular-weight protein used as a kidney function biomarker."}, {"n": "Distal revascularization and interval ligation", "u": "/e/nephrology/distal-revascularization-and-interval-ligation/", "s": "Surgery to relieve steal syndrome while preserving dialysis access."}, {"n": "Diuresis", "u": "/e/nephrology/diuresis/", "s": "Increased urine production for fluid balance and therapeutic purposes."}, {"n": "DMSA scan", "u": "/e/nephrology/dmsa-scan/", "s": "Static radionuclide scan for renal structure and scarring."}, {"n": "End Stage Renal Disease Program", "u": "/e/nephrology/end-stage-renal-disease-program/", "s": "U.S. Medicare program for stage five chronic kidney disease."}, {"n": "Glomerular hyperfiltration", "u": "/e/nephrology/glomerular-hyperfiltration/", "s": "Excessive glomerular filtration linked to diabetes and hypertension."}, {"n": "Haff disease", "u": "/e/nephrology/haff-disease/", "s": "Rhabdomyolysis from fish ingestion within 24 hours."}, {"n": "Henoch–Schönlein purpura", "u": "/e/nephrology/henoch-sch-nlein-purpura/", "s": "IgA vasculitis causing purpura, arthritis, and abdominal pain."}, {"n": "Home hemodialysis", "u": "/e/nephrology/home-hemodialysis/", "s": "Home hemodialysis offers flexible schedules and potential clinical benefits."}, {"n": "Hydronephrosis", "u": "/e/nephrology/hydronephrosis/", "s": "Kidney enlargement from urine outflow obstruction."}, {"n": "Hyperkalemia", "u": "/e/nephrology/hyperkalemia/", "s": "Elevated blood potassium that can disrupt heart rhythm."}, {"n": "Hypokalemia", "u": "/e/nephrology/hypokalemia/", "s": "Low blood potassium, a common electrolyte disorder."}, {"n": "Hypomagnesemia with secondary hypocalcemia", "u": "/e/nephrology/hypomagnesemia-with-secondary-hypocalcemia/", "s": "Autosomal recessive disorder causing low magnesium and calcium."}, {"n": "Interstitial nephritis", "u": "/e/nephrology/interstitial-nephritis/", "s": "Inflammation of the kidney interstitium, often drug-induced."}, {"n": "Intradialytic parenteral nutrition", "u": "/e/nephrology/intradialytic-parenteral-nutrition/", "s": "Nutritional support infused during hemodialysis for malnourished patients."}, {"n": "Kidney development", "u": "/e/nephrology/kidney-development/", "s": "Kidney development proceeds through successive phases to form the adult kidney."}, {"n": "Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis", "u": "/e/nephrology/membranoproliferative-glomerulonephritis/", "s": "A glomerulonephritis with mesangial deposits and complement activation."}, {"n": "Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia", "u": "/e/nephrology/microangiopathic-hemolytic-anemia/", "s": "Hemolytic anemia from small-vessel damage with schistocytes."}, {"n": "MILLER banding", "u": "/e/nephrology/miller-banding/", "s": "Minimally invasive banding for dialysis access steal syndrome."}, {"n": "Nephrostomy", "u": "/e/nephrology/nephrostomy/", "s": "Artificial opening for urinary diversion from the renal pelvis."}, {"n": "Nephrotoxicity", "u": "/e/nephrology/nephrotoxicity/", "s": "Poisonous effect on kidney function from chemicals or medications."}, {"n": "Normal anion gap acidosis", "u": "/e/nephrology/normal-anion-gap-acidosis/", "s": "Acidosis with a normal anion gap."}, {"n": "Onconephrology", "u": "/e/nephrology/onconephrology/", "s": "Nephrology subspecialty for kidney disease in cancer patients."}, {"n": "Osmol gap", "u": "/e/nephrology/osmol-gap/", "s": "Difference between measured and calculated serum osmolality."}, {"n": "Percutaneous nephrostomy", "u": "/e/nephrology/percutaneous-nephrostomy/", "s": "Urinary diversion from the renal pelvis via percutaneous tube."}, {"n": "Phosphate nephropathy", "u": "/e/nephrology/phosphate-nephropathy/", "s": "Renal condition from phosphate crystal deposition after OSP bowel cleansing."}]