Intra-frame coding

Intra-frame coding is a data compression technique that reduces file size and bitrate by exploiting spatial redundancy within a single video frame. It divides the frame into blocks and encodes the typically small differences between neighboring pixels using fewer bits. Intra-frame prediction calculates prediction values through extrapolation from already coded pixels, enabling effective delta coding. This method is one of two classes of predictive coding in video coding, the other being inter-frame prediction which exploits temporal redundancy. Temporally independent intra frames use only intra coding, while predicted frames such as MPEG's P- and B-frames may use both intra- and inter-frame prediction.