{"/e/molecular-biology/rna-splicing/": {"t": "RNA splicing", "s": "Process removing introns and joining exons in RNA transcripts."}, "/e/molecular-biology/translation-biology/": {"t": "Translation (biology)", "s": "Cellular process decoding mRNA into polypeptide chains."}, "/e/molecular-biology/protein/": {"t": "Protein", "s": "Large biomolecules essential for nearly all cellular functions."}, "/e/molecular-biology/dna-replication/": {"t": "DNA replication", "s": "Process by which cells duplicate their DNA for inheritance and division."}, "https://codexery.com/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/e/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/adenosine-triphosphate/": {"t": "Adenosine triphosphate", "s": "The molecular unit of currency for intracellular energy transfer."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics-fundamentals/e/genetics-fundamentals/human-genome/": {"t": "Human genome", "s": "Complete set of human DNA sequences, including nuclear and mitochondrial genomes."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/transcription-biology/": {"t": "Transcription (biology)", "s": "The process of synthesizing an RNA copy of a specific DNA segment for gene expression."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics-fundamentals/e/genetics-fundamentals/genetic-recombination/": {"t": "Genetic recombination", "s": "Exchange of genetic material producing novel trait combinations."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics/e/genetics/dna-repair/": {"t": "DNA repair", "s": "Processes by which cells identify and correct DNA damage.", "i": "https://codexery.com/genetics/img/genetics/dna-repair.webp", "c": "Eunice Laurent · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/molecular-biology/rna/": {"t": "RNA", "s": "A nucleic acid essential for gene expression and catalysis."}, "https://codexery.com/chemical-bonding-and-structure/e/chemical-bonding-and-structure/hydrogen-bond/": {"t": "Hydrogen bond", "s": "A partial-covalent molecular interaction between a protic hydrogen and an electronegative acceptor."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/nucleic-acid/": {"t": "Nucleic acid", "s": "The biomolecules that encode genetic information in all cells and viruses."}, "https://codexery.com/polymers-and-macromolecules/e/polymers-and-macromolecules/oligomer/": {"t": "Oligomer", "s": "Molecule of a few repeating units from monomers."}, "https://codexery.com/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/e/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/amino-acid/": {"t": "Amino acid", "s": "The building blocks of proteins, with 20 standard α-amino acids directly encoded by the genetic code and two rare ones incorporated via recoding."}, "https://codexery.com/syndromes-with-craniofacial/e/syndromes-with-craniofacial-abnormalities/atr-x-syndrome/": {"t": "ATR-X syndrome", "s": "X-linked syndrome with intellectual disability, facial changes, and alpha-thalassemia."}, "https://codexery.com/diseases-named-after-discoverers/e/diseases-named-after-discoverers/cockayne-syndrome/": {"t": "Cockayne syndrome", "s": "Rare fatal disorder with premature aging and DNA repair defects."}, "https://codexery.com/diseases-named-after-discoverers/e/diseases-named-after-discoverers/bloom-syndrome/": {"t": "Bloom syndrome", "s": "Rare genetic disorder with genomic instability and cancer risk."}, "https://codexery.com/syndromes-affecting-stature/e/syndromes-affecting-stature/rothmund-thomson-syndrome/": {"t": "Rothmund–Thomson syndrome", "s": "Rare genetic disorder with poikiloderma, cataracts, and cancer risk."}, "https://codexery.com/syndromes-affecting-stature/e/syndromes-affecting-stature/werner-syndrome/": {"t": "Werner syndrome", "s": "Rare autosomal recessive disorder causing premature aging."}, "https://codexery.com/biology-concepts/e/biology-concepts/meiosis/": {"t": "Meiosis", "s": "Cell division producing haploid gametes for sexual reproduction."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics-fundamentals/e/genetics-fundamentals/homologous-recombination/": {"t": "Homologous recombination", "s": "Universal biological mechanism for genetic exchange and DNA repair."}, "/e/molecular-biology/biochemistry/": {"t": "Biochemistry", "s": "Study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms."}, "https://codexery.com/pharmacology-and-therapeutics/e/pharmacology-and-therapeutics/pharmacology/": {"t": "Pharmacology", "s": "Science of drugs and their interactions with biological systems."}, "https://codexery.com/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/e/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/cell-signaling/": {"t": "Cell signaling", "s": "Biological process by which cells interact with themselves, others, and environment."}, "https://codexery.com/reaction-mechanisms-and-kinetics/e/reaction-mechanisms-and-kinetics/rotamer/": {"t": "Rotamer", "s": "Rotamers are conformers differing by single-bond rotation."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/intermolecular-force/": {"t": "Intermolecular force", "s": "Weak forces mediating interactions between molecules, essential in biochemistry."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/inorganic-chemistry/": {"t": "Inorganic chemistry", "s": "Study of non-carbon-based compounds and their industrial applications."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/receptor-biochemistry/": {"t": "Receptor (biochemistry)", "s": "Proteins that bind ligands and transduce biological signals.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/receptor-biochemistry.webp", "c": "Wyatt Pyzynski · via Wikipedia: Receptor (biochemistry) · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/neurotransmitter/": {"t": "Neurotransmitter", "s": "Chemical messengers that transmit signals across synapses between neurons or to target cells."}, "https://codexery.com/reaction-mechanisms-and-kinetics/e/reaction-mechanisms-and-kinetics/steric-effects/": {"t": "Steric effects", "s": "Spatial arrangement of atoms affects molecular energy and reactivity."}, "https://codexery.com/physical-chemistry-and-thermodynamics/e/physical-chemistry-and-thermodynamics/dissociation-constant/": {"t": "Dissociation constant", "s": "Equilibrium constant measuring reversible dissociation of complexes."}, "/e/molecular-biology/microscale-thermophoresis/": {"t": "Microscale thermophoresis", "s": "Biophysical method measuring binding via temperature-induced fluorescence changes."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics-fundamentals/e/genetics-fundamentals/non-coding-rna/": {"t": "Non-coding RNA", "s": "Functional RNA molecules not translated into protein."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/nucleotide/": {"t": "Nucleotide", "s": "Nucleotides are the monomeric units of DNA and RNA."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics-fundamentals/e/genetics-fundamentals/regulation-of-gene-expression/": {"t": "Regulation of gene expression", "s": "Gene regulation controls when and how much protein is made."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/messenger-rna/": {"t": "Messenger RNA", "s": "Single-stranded RNA that directs protein synthesis from genetic code.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/messenger-rna.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Messenger RNA · see source"}, "/e/molecular-biology/rna-interference/": {"t": "RNA interference", "s": "RNAi is a gene-silencing process using double-stranded RNA."}, "https://codexery.com/american-nobel-laureates/e/laureates/victor-ambros/": {"t": "Victor Ambros", "s": "Discoverer of the first known microRNA."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/tissue-biology/": {"t": "Tissue (biology)", "s": "Tissue is an assembly of similar cells with a specific function."}, "https://codexery.com/worms-and-worm-like-invertebrates/e/worms-and-worm-like-invertebrates/nematode/": {"t": "Nematode", "s": "Roundworms that dominate Earth's ecosystems in number and diversity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/worms-and-worm-like-invertebrates/img/worms-and-worm-like-invertebrates/nematode.webp", "c": "DataBase Center for Life Science (DBCLS) · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/carcinogenesis/e/carcinogenesis/oncogene/": {"t": "Oncogene", "s": "Genes that can cause cancer when mutated or overexpressed."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics-fundamentals/e/genetics-fundamentals/intron/": {"t": "Intron", "s": "Non-expressed nucleotide sequences within genes, removed during RNA processing."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics/e/genetics/exon/": {"t": "Exon", "s": "Exons are gene segments that form mature RNA after splicing."}, "https://codexery.com/genetic-anomalies/e/genetic-anomalies/digeorge-syndrome/": {"t": "DiGeorge syndrome", "s": "Genetic disorder from 22q11.2 deletion, affecting heart, immune system, and development.", "i": "https://codexery.com/genetic-anomalies/img/genetic-anomalies/digeorge-syndrome.webp", "c": "Adriano R Tonelli1 , Kalyan Kosuri1 , Sainan Wei2 and Davoren Chick1 · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cellular-biology/e/cellular-biology/cytoplasm/": {"t": "Cytoplasm", "s": "Cytoplasm is the cell material outside the nucleus."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics/e/genetics/gene-expression/": {"t": "Gene expression", "s": "Process by which genes produce functional products."}, "https://codexery.com/chemical-bonding-and-structure/e/chemical-bonding-and-structure/molecule/": {"t": "Molecule", "s": "Group of atoms bonded together; fundamental unit of chemical compounds."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-anatomy/e/animal-anatomy/cell-biology/": {"t": "Cell (biology)", "s": "The fundamental unit of all known life.", "i": "https://codexery.com/animal-anatomy/img/animal-anatomy/cell-biology.webp", "c": "DataBase Center for Life Science (DBCLS) · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/polymers-and-macromolecules/e/polymers-and-macromolecules/macromolecule/": {"t": "Macromolecule", "s": "Molecules of high relative molecular mass with repeating structural units."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/protein-biosynthesis/": {"t": "Protein biosynthesis", "s": "Core biological process producing proteins from DNA instructions.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/protein-biosynthesis.webp", "c": "Kep17 · via Wikipedia: Protein biosynthesis · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/francis-crick/": {"t": "Francis Crick", "s": "Co-discoverer of the helical structure of DNA"}, "https://codexery.com/european-scientific-pioneers/e/european-scientific-pioneers/rosalind-franklin/": {"t": "Rosalind Franklin", "s": "English chemist and X-ray crystallographer whose work enabled the DNA double helix discovery.", "i": "https://codexery.com/european-scientific-pioneers/img/european-scientific-pioneers/rosalind-franklin.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Rosalind Franklin · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/physicists-and-chemists-of-the-20th-cent/e/physicists-and-chemists-of-the-20th-century/maurice-wilkins/": {"t": "Maurice Wilkins", "s": "Biophysicist who pioneered X-ray diffraction studies of DNA."}, "https://codexery.com/reproduction-development/e/reproduction-and-development/reproduction/": {"t": "Reproduction", "s": "Biological process producing offspring from parent or parents.", "i": "https://codexery.com/reproduction-development/img/reproduction-and-development/reproduction.webp", "c": "MAKY.OREL · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/biology-concepts/e/biology-concepts/heredity/": {"t": "Heredity", "s": "Passing of traits from parents to offspring via DNA."}, "https://codexery.com/biology-concepts/e/biology-concepts/mendelian-inheritance/": {"t": "Mendelian inheritance", "s": "Principles of heredity derived from pea plant experiments."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/e/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/streptococcus-pneumoniae/": {"t": "Streptococcus pneumoniae", "s": "A Gram-positive, alpha-hemolytic diplococcus that is a leading cause of pneumonia and meningitis.", "i": "https://codexery.com/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/img/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/streptococcus-pneumoniae.webp", "c": "Romina Camilli, Raoul JP Bonnal, Maria Del Grosso, Michele Iacono, Giorgio Corti · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/science-measurement/e/science-and-measurement/polymerase-chain-reaction/": {"t": "Polymerase chain reaction", "s": "PCR amplifies specific DNA sequences rapidly for study."}, "https://codexery.com/eukaryote-groups-and-taxonomy/e/eukaryote-groups-and-taxonomy/eukaryote/": {"t": "Eukaryote", "s": "Cellular organisms with a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles, including animals, plants, fungi, and protists."}, "https://codexery.com/human-anatomy/e/human-anatomy/skeletal-muscle/": {"t": "Skeletal muscle", "s": "Skeletal muscle: striated, multinucleated fibers powering movement and more."}, "https://codexery.com/algae-and-protists/e/algae-and-protists/amoeba/": {"t": "Amoeba", "s": "Unicellular organisms that change shape using pseudopods."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/sarcomere/": {"t": "Sarcomere", "s": "Smallest functional unit of striated muscle tissue.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/sarcomere.webp", "c": "User:Sameerb · via Wikipedia: Sarcomere · Copyrighted free use"}, "https://codexery.com/genetics-fundamentals/e/genetics-fundamentals/human-genome-project/": {"t": "Human Genome Project", "s": "International project to sequence the entire human genome."}, "https://codexery.com/sensory-systems/e/sensory-systems/retina/": {"t": "Retina", "s": "Innermost light-sensitive layer of the eye, part of the central nervous system."}, "https://codexery.com/cellular-biology/e/cellular-biology/phagocytosis/": {"t": "Phagocytosis", "s": "Cellular engulfment of particles for immunity or nutrition."}, "https://codexery.com/eukaryote-groups-and-taxonomy/e/eukaryote-groups-and-taxonomy/dictyostelium-discoideum/": {"t": "Dictyostelium discoideum", "s": "A soil-dwelling slime mold with a unique life cycle, used as a model organism for studying cell differentiation and chemotaxis."}, "https://codexery.com/reproduction-development/e/reproduction-and-development/spermatogenesis/": {"t": "Spermatogenesis", "s": "Process producing haploid sperm from germ cells in testes.", "i": "https://codexery.com/reproduction-development/img/reproduction-and-development/spermatogenesis.webp", "c": "L'Hernault, S.W. · CC BY 2.5"}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/mitochondria/": {"t": "Mitochondria", "s": "Double-membraned organelles that produce cellular energy as ATP."}, "https://codexery.com/algae-and-protists/e/algae-and-protists/apicomplexa/": {"t": "Apicomplexa", "s": "Parasitic protozoans with apical complex for host cell invasion."}, "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/e/ecology-and-behavior/parasitism/": {"t": "Parasitism", "s": "A close, harmful relationship where one organism exploits another.", "i": "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/img/ecology-and-behavior/parasitism.webp", "c": "Soebe · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/seafood/e/seafood/clam/": {"t": "Clam", "s": "Edible bivalve molluscs that burrow in sand or mud."}, "https://codexery.com/marine-invertebrates/e/marine-invertebrates/sea-cucumber/": {"t": "Sea cucumber", "s": "Benthic detritivores with a leathery skin and catch collagen.", "i": "https://codexery.com/marine-invertebrates/img/marine-invertebrates/sea-cucumber.webp", "c": "Diego Delso / Diego Delso · via Wikipedia: Sea cucumber · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-fundamentals/e/chemistry-fundamentals/chemical-reaction/": {"t": "Chemical reaction", "s": "Process rearranging atoms with energy change, yielding new substances.", "i": "https://codexery.com/chemistry-fundamentals/img/chemistry-fundamentals/chemical-reaction.webp", "c": "Д.Ильин : translation, optimization · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/animal-anatomy/e/animal-anatomy/cell-nucleus/": {"t": "Cell nucleus", "s": "Membrane-bound organelle containing the cell's genome.", "i": "https://codexery.com/animal-anatomy/img/animal-anatomy/cell-nucleus.webp", "c": "Szajci · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/e/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/cell-cycle/": {"t": "Cell cycle", "s": "The sequence of events leading to cell division, from interphase through mitosis and cytokinesis."}, "/e/molecular-biology/protein-folding/": {"t": "Protein folding", "s": "Process by which a linear amino acid chain folds into functional 3D structure."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/lysosome/": {"t": "Lysosome", "s": "Membrane-bound organelles that serve as the cell's degradation center.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/lysosome.webp", "c": "Kelvinsong · via Wikipedia: Lysosome · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/organelle/": {"t": "Organelle", "s": "Specialized subunit within a cell with a specific function"}, "https://codexery.com/burns/e/burns/hot-tar-burn/": {"t": "Hot tar burn", "s": "Thermal burn from hot tar, often work-related.", "i": "https://codexery.com/burns/img/burns/hot-tar-burn.webp", "c": "Skimel (translation) · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/proline/": {"t": "Proline", "s": "Proteinogenic amino acid with a unique cyclic structure.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/proline.webp", "c": "Tomruen · via Wikipedia: Proline · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/scientists-and-mathematicians/e/scientists-and-mathematicians/linus-pauling/": {"t": "Linus Pauling", "s": "American chemist and peace activist, winner of two Nobel Prizes"}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry/e/chemistry/covalent-bond/": {"t": "Covalent bond", "s": "Covalent bonds involve shared electron pairs between atoms.", "i": "https://codexery.com/chemistry/img/chemistry/covalent-bond.webp", "c": "DynaBlast · CC BY-SA 2.5"}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/lipid-bilayer/": {"t": "Lipid bilayer", "s": "Thin polar membrane forming a barrier around all cells.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/lipid-bilayer.webp", "c": "Bensaccount · via Wikipedia: Lipid bilayer · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/thermodynamics-and-statistical-mechanics/e/thermodynamics-and-statistical-mechanics/temperature/": {"t": "Temperature", "s": "Temperature measures average particle kinetic energy and thermal energy distribution."}, "https://codexery.com/thermodynamics-and-statistical-mechanics/e/thermodynamics-and-statistical-mechanics/enthalpy/": {"t": "Enthalpy", "s": "Enthalpy is the sum of internal energy and pressure-volume work."}, "https://codexery.com/thermodynamics-and-statistical-mechanics/e/thermodynamics-and-statistical-mechanics/entropy/": {"t": "Entropy", "s": "A measure of disorder and irreversibility in physical systems."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/protein-structure/": {"t": "Protein structure", "s": "Three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in amino acid chains.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/protein-structure.webp", "c": "Jmarchn, from Thomas Shafee · via Wikipedia: Protein structure · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cellular-biology/e/cellular-biology/biological-membrane/": {"t": "Biological membrane", "s": "A selectively permeable membrane defining cell boundaries and compartments."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-anatomy/e/animal-anatomy/cell-membrane/": {"t": "Cell membrane", "s": "Semipermeable lipid bilayer separating cell interior from environment.", "i": "https://codexery.com/animal-anatomy/img/animal-anatomy/cell-membrane.webp", "c": "Blackout Sea · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/romanian-inventors/e/romanian-inventors/george-emil-palade/": {"t": "George Emil Palade", "s": "Romanian-American cell biologist and Nobel laureate in medicine."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/ribosome/": {"t": "Ribosome", "s": "Cellular machine that synthesizes proteins from mRNA.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/ribosome.webp", "c": "Vossman · via Wikipedia: Ribosome · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cellular-biology/e/cellular-biology/endoplasmic-reticulum/": {"t": "Endoplasmic reticulum", "s": "Organelle for protein folding and lipid synthesis."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/peroxisome/": {"t": "Peroxisome", "s": "Organelles that generate and break down hydrogen peroxide.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/peroxisome.webp", "c": "Original:  Agateller Vector:  Qef · via Wikipedia: Peroxisome · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/e/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/prokaryote/": {"t": "Prokaryote", "s": "Single-celled organisms without a nucleus, foundational to life on Earth.", "i": "https://codexery.com/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/img/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/prokaryote.webp", "c": "Mariana Ruiz Villarreal, LadyofHats translated in gujarati by User:Sushant_savla · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/e/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/chloroplast/": {"t": "Chloroplast", "s": "The green powerhouses of plant and algal cells, evolved from ancient cyanobacteria."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/nuclear-envelope/": {"t": "Nuclear envelope", "s": "Double lipid bilayer enclosing the eukaryotic nucleus.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/nuclear-envelope.webp", "c": "Mariana Ruiz LadyofHats · via Wikipedia: Nuclear envelope · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/mitochondrial-dna/": {"t": "Mitochondrial DNA", "s": "Mitochondrial DNA is a small, maternally inherited genome essential for energy conversion.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/mitochondrial-dna.webp", "c": "National Human Genome Research Institute · via Wikipedia: Mitochondrial DNA · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/biology-concepts/e/biology-concepts/metabolism/": {"t": "Metabolism", "s": "Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions sustaining life."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/membrane-potential/": {"t": "Membrane potential", "s": "The electric potential difference across a biological cell membrane.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/membrane-potential.webp", "c": "Д.Ильин: vectorization · via Wikipedia: Membrane potential · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/thylakoid/": {"t": "Thylakoid", "s": "Membrane-bound compartments where photosynthesis begins."}, 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