{"https://codexery.com/british-empire/e/british-empire/british-empire/": {"t": "British Empire", "s": "The largest empire in history, spanning a quarter of Earth's land."}, "/e/military-of-british-india/bengal-army/": {"t": "Bengal Army", "s": "Presidency army of British India, formed 1756, merged 1895."}, "/e/military-of-british-india/presidency-armies/": {"t": "Presidency armies", "s": "The three separate armies of British India's presidencies."}, "https://codexery.com/imperial-titles/e/imperial-titles/emperor-of-india/": {"t": "Emperor of India", "s": "British monarchs ruled India as Emperor or Empress from 1876 to 1948.", "i": "https://codexery.com/imperial-titles/img/imperial-titles/emperor-of-india.webp", "c": "Manohar · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/modern-conflicts/world-war-i/": {"t": "World War I", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Central Powers, 1914–1918."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/second-world-war/": {"t": "Second World War", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Axis, deadliest in history."}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/e/exploration-and-colonization/east-india-company/": {"t": "East India Company", "s": "Chartered company that ruled large parts of India and dominated key trade routes.", "i": "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/img/exploration-and-colonization/east-india-company.webp", "c": "John Bruce · Public domain"}, "/e/military-of-british-india/bombay-army/": {"t": "Bombay Army", "s": "Presidency army of the Bombay Presidency, British India."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/revolutions-and-conflicts/indian-rebellion-of-1857/": {"t": "Indian Rebellion of 1857", "s": "A mutiny that became a rebellion, reshaping an empire.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/img/revolutions-and-conflicts/indian-rebellion-of-1857.webp", "c": "Unknown authorUnknown author Cambridge University Press; Stanford's Geogl. Estabt.. · via Wikipedia: Indian Rebellion of 1857 · Public domain"}, "/e/military-of-british-india/indian-army-during-world-war-i/": {"t": "Indian Army during World War I", "s": "Over one million Indian troops served overseas in World War I."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/historical-events-and-places/partition-of-india/": {"t": "Partition of India", "s": "The partition of India in 1947 divided British India into two independent dominions: the Union of India (today the Republic of India) and the Dominion of Pakist"}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/world/london/": {"t": "London", "s": "Roman Londinium and medieval England's largest town."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/revolutions-and-uprisings/boxer-rebellion/": {"t": "Boxer Rebellion", "s": "An anti-foreign, anti-imperialist, and anti-Christian uprising in North China (1899–1901) by the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists, defeated by the Eigh", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/img/revolutions-and-uprisings/boxer-rebellion.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Boxer Rebellion · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/boxer-rebellion/e/boxer-rebellion/peking-legation-quarter/": {"t": "Peking Legation Quarter", "s": "Foreign diplomatic enclave in Beijing, besieged during the Boxer Rebellion.", "i": "https://codexery.com/boxer-rebellion/img/boxer-rebellion/peking-legation-quarter.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Peking Legation Quarter · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/military-commanders-of-the-world-wars/e/military-commanders-of-the-world-wars/herbert-kitchener-1st-earl-kitchener/": {"t": "Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener", "s": "British field marshal and colonial administrator, key in Sudan and First World War."}, "https://codexery.com/capital-cities-of-africa/e/capital-cities-of-africa/khartoum/": {"t": "Khartoum", "s": "Capital of Sudan at the Nile confluence."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/mumbai/": {"t": "Mumbai", "s": "Financial and entertainment capital of India, built on seven islands."}, "https://codexery.com/emperors-of-the-mughal-empire/e/emperors-of-the-mughal-empire/bahadur-shah-zafar/": {"t": "Bahadur Shah Zafar", "s": "Last Mughal emperor and Urdu poet exiled after 1857 rebellion."}, "/e/military-of-british-india/british-indian-army/": {"t": "British Indian Army", "s": "The main military force of British India from 1895 to 1947."}, "https://codexery.com/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasti/e/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasties/german-empire/": {"t": "German Empire", "s": "German Empire from 1871 unification to 1918 revolution.", "i": "https://codexery.com/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasti/img/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasties/german-empire.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: German Empire · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-tentative-list-for-india/e/world-heritage-tentative-list-for-india/delhi/": {"t": "Delhi", "s": "Capital of India, historic seat of two major empires."}, "https://codexery.com/homeland/e/world/kabul/": {"t": "Kabul", "s": "Afghanistan's capital, Carrie's station in season 4.", "i": "https://codexery.com/homeland/img/world/kabul.webp", "c": "Weaveravel · via Wikipedia: Kabul · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/persian-gulf/": {"t": "Persian Gulf", "s": "A shallow, historically significant sea between Arabia and Iran."}, "https://codexery.com/bolt-action-rifles/e/bolt-action-rifles/lee-enfield/": {"t": "Lee–Enfield", "s": "The fastest military bolt-action rifle of its day."}, "https://codexery.com/wilhelm-german-crown-prince/e/wilhelm-german-crown-prince/german-spring-offensive/": {"t": "German spring offensive", "s": "A series of German offensives in 1918 that failed to win the war."}, "https://codexery.com/resistance-to-the-british-empire/e/resistance-to-the-british-empire/anglo-persian-war/": {"t": "Anglo-Persian War", "s": "A British campaign to block Iranian expansion into Afghanistan."}, "https://codexery.com/indian-states/e/indian-states/himachal-pradesh/": {"t": "Himachal Pradesh", "s": "Land of Gods and the Brave", "i": "https://codexery.com/indian-states/img/indian-states/himachal-pradesh.webp", "c": "Timothy Gonsalves · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/e/governments-and-political-systems/government-of-india/": {"t": "Government of India", "s": "National authority of the Republic of India, established by the Constitution.", "i": "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/img/governments-and-political-systems/government-of-india.webp", "c": "Trikkiboy · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cnn-original-programming/e/cnn-original-programming/anthony-bourdain-parts-unknown/": {"t": "Anthony Bourdain: Parts Unknown", "s": "A culinary travelogue exploring lesser-known places worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/historiography-of-the-british-empire/e/historiography-of-the-british-empire/british-entry-into-world-war-i/": {"t": "British entry into World War I", "s": "Britain declared war on Germany on 4 August 1914."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/sikhism/": {"t": "Sikhism", "s": "Indian monotheistic religion founded by Guru Nanak in the 15th century."}, "https://codexery.com/mothers-of-emperors/e/mothers-of-emperors/mary-of-teck/": {"t": "Mary of Teck", "s": "Queen consort of George V and mother of two kings."}, "https://codexery.com/governance-of-the-british-empire/e/governance-of-the-british-empire/india-office/": {"t": "India Office", "s": "British government department overseeing crown rule in India.", "i": "https://codexery.com/governance-of-the-british-empire/img/governance-of-the-british-empire/india-office.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: India Office · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/hindi/": {"t": "Hindi", "s": "Official language of India and lingua franca of northern India."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/punjabi-language/": {"t": "Punjabi language", "s": "Punjabi, also spelled Panjabi, belongs to the Indo-Aryan language family and originates in the Punjab region, which spans parts of Pakistan and India."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/languages-of-the-world/urdu/": {"t": "Urdu", "s": "Urdu is an Indo-Aryan language and national lingua franca of Pakistan."}, "https://codexery.com/geology/e/geology/granite/": {"t": "Granite", "s": "A coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock composed mostly of quartz, alkali feldspar, mica, and plagioclase.", "i": "https://codexery.com/geology/img/geology/granite.webp", "c": "Giles Laurent · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/state-ritual-and-ceremonies/e/state-ritual-and-ceremonies/21-gun-salute/": {"t": "21-gun salute", "s": "A 21-gun salute honors heads of state with artillery fire."}, "https://codexery.com/funerary-and-memory-sites-of-the-first/e/funerary-and-memory-sites-of-the-first-world-war/neuve-chapelle-indian-memorial/": {"t": "Neuve-Chapelle Indian Memorial", "s": "Memorial to Indian soldiers with no known grave from World War I.", "i": "https://codexery.com/funerary-and-memory-sites-of-the-first/img/funerary-and-memory-sites-of-the-first-world-war/neuve-chapelle-indian-memorial.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Neuve-Chapelle Indian Memorial · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/maharashtra/": {"t": "Maharashtra", "s": "Land of the Deccan Plateau and India's financial heart", "i": "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/img/countries-and-regions/maharashtra.webp", "c": "Own work based on user:Chumwa · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/1970s-british-sitcoms/e/1970s-british-sitcoms/it-ain-t-half-hot-mum/": {"t": "It Ain't Half Hot Mum", "s": "A sitcom about a wartime concert party in India and Burma."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/hindustani-language/": {"t": "Hindustani language", "s": "A pluricentric lingua franca of northern India and Pakistan."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/sanskrit/": {"t": "Sanskrit", "s": "The classical language of South Asian religion, philosophy, and culture."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/malaria/": {"t": "Malaria", "s": "Mosquito-borne parasitic disease causing fever, anemia, and death."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-courts/e/legal-systems-and-courts/court-martial/": {"t": "Court-martial", "s": "A military court for trying armed forces members and war crimes."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/jawaharlal-nehru/": {"t": "Jawaharlal Nehru", "s": "India's first prime minister and architect of its modern secular democracy."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/singapore/": {"t": "Singapore", "s": "The Lion City, a global hub of trade and finance."}, "https://codexery.com/constitutional-law/e/constitutional-law/constitutional-law/": {"t": "Constitutional law", "s": "Body of law defining government structure and citizen rights."}, "https://codexery.com/international-relations-and-concepts/e/international-relations-and-concepts/international-law/": {"t": "International law", "s": "Body of rules governing state relations, based largely on consent."}, "https://codexery.com/government-and-law/e/government-and-law/politics/": {"t": "Politics", "s": "Activity of settling affairs in an organized society via government."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/revolutions-and-conflicts/indian-independence-movement/": {"t": "Indian independence movement", "s": "Political efforts to end British colonial rule in India."}, "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-campaigns-and-atrocities/e/world-war-ii-campaigns-and-atrocities/fall-of-singapore/": {"t": "Fall of Singapore", "s": "Japan captured Singapore from Britain in February 1942.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-campaigns-and-atrocities/img/world-war-ii-campaigns-and-atrocities/fall-of-singapore.webp", "c": "Moheen Reeyad · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/revolutionaries-insurgent-leaders/e/revolutionaries-and-insurgent-leaders/subhas-chandra-bose/": {"t": "Subhas Chandra Bose", "s": "Indian anti-colonial nationalist who led the Indian National Army.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutionaries-insurgent-leaders/img/revolutionaries-and-insurgent-leaders/subhas-chandra-bose.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Subhas Chandra Bose · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/e/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/axis-powers/": {"t": "Axis powers", "s": "Military coalition that initiated World War II against the Allies.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/img/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/axis-powers.webp", "c": "Sr L · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/republic-of-ireland/": {"t": "Republic of Ireland", "s": "The Republic of Ireland is a sovereign state in Northwestern Europe, occupying 26 of the 32 counties of the island of Ireland."}, "https://codexery.com/architectural-styles-and-landmarks/e/architectural-styles-and-landmarks/red-fort/": {"t": "Red Fort", "s": "Historic Mughal fort in Delhi, symbol of Indian independence."}, "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/e/governments-and-political-systems/indian-national-congress/": {"t": "Indian National Congress", "s": "India's oldest political party, a big tent centrist force.", "i": "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/img/governments-and-political-systems/indian-national-congress.webp", "c": "Trouscht · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-groups/e/ethnic-groups/punjabis/": {"t": "Punjabis", "s": "Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group from the Punjab region."}, "https://codexery.com/humiliation/e/humiliation/cashiering/": {"t": "Cashiering", "s": "A ritual stripping of military rank and honor."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/lord-mountbatten/": {"t": "Lord Mountbatten", "s": "Last Viceroy of India and mentor to King Charles III"}, "https://codexery.com/captains-of-deal-castle/e/captains-of-deal-castle/james-broun-ramsay-1st-marquess-of-dalhousie/": {"t": "James Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie", "s": "Scottish Governor-General of India who modernised infrastructure and expanded British rule."}, "https://codexery.com/governance-of-the-british-empire/e/governance-of-the-british-empire/indirect-rule/": {"t": "Indirect rule", "s": "Co-opting local rulers for colonial control."}, "/e/military-of-british-india/indianisation-british-india/": {"t": "Indianisation (British India)", "s": "Slow replacement of British officers with Indians in colonial forces."}, "https://codexery.com/european-statesmen-prime-ministers/e/european-statesmen-and-prime-ministers/george-curzon-1st-marquess-curzon-of-kedleston/": {"t": "George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston", "s": "British statesman, Viceroy of India, and Foreign Secretary who shaped borders in the Middle East and Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-l/e/cities-starting-with-l/lhasa/": {"t": "Lhasa", "s": "High-altitude capital of Tibet, center of Buddhist culture and history."}, "https://codexery.com/straits-channels-and-seas/e/straits-channels-and-seas/tyrrhenian-sea/": {"t": "Tyrrhenian Sea", "s": "Part of the Mediterranean Sea off western Italy."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-england/e/regions-of-england/county-durham/": {"t": "County Durham", "s": "Ceremonial county in North East England with historic coal mining heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/canals-and-waterways/e/canals-and-waterways/suez-canal/": {"t": "Suez Canal", "s": "Artificial waterway connecting the Mediterranean and Red Seas."}, "https://codexery.com/cold-war-conflicts/e/cold-war-conflicts/six-day-war/": {"t": "Six-Day War", "s": "In June 1967, a brief but intense conflict broke out between Israel and a coalition of Arab states—chiefly Egypt, Syria, and Jordan—lasting from the 5th to the "}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/cairo/": {"t": "Cairo", "s": "The city of a thousand minarets"}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/middle-east/": {"t": "Middle East", "s": "A geopolitical region encompassing West Asia, Egypt, and European Turkey, rich in history and strategic importance."}, "https://codexery.com/social-issues/e/social-issues/parliament-of-the-united-kingdom/": {"t": "Parliament of the United Kingdom", "s": "Supreme legislative body of the United Kingdom."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/clement-attlee/": {"t": "Clement Attlee", "s": "Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to 1951, leader of the Labour Party, and architect of the post-war welfare state."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/first-opium-war/": {"t": "First Opium War", "s": "Conflict between Britain and Qing China over opium trade and diplomacy."}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/second-opium-war/": {"t": "Second Opium War", "s": "Conflict over opium trade and diplomatic rights."}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-groups/e/ethnic-groups/pashtuns/": {"t": "Pashtuns", "s": "Pashtuns are a tribal ethnic group primarily in Afghanistan and Pakistan, with significant diaspora communities in India and elsewhere."}, "https://codexery.com/landforms-and-regions/e/landforms-and-regions/hindu-kush/": {"t": "Hindu Kush", "s": "Mountain range dividing the Amu Darya and Indus River valleys.", "i": "https://codexery.com/landforms-and-regions/img/landforms-and-regions/hindu-kush.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Hindu Kush · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/telegraph-keys-and-codes/e/telegraph-keys-and-codes/heliograph/": {"t": "Heliograph", "s": "A solar telegraph using reflected sunlight for long-distance optical communication."}, "https://codexery.com/north-west-mounted-police/e/north-west-mounted-police/martini-henry/": {"t": "Martini–Henry", "s": "Breech-loading single-shot rifle of the British Empire."}, "https://codexery.com/indian-states/e/indian-states/punjab/": {"t": "Punjab", "s": "Historical region of five rivers in South Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/amritsar/": {"t": "Amritsar", "s": "Second-largest city in Punjab, holy site of Sikhism."}, "https://codexery.com/notable-buildings-and-monuments/e/notable-buildings-and-monuments/golden-temple/": {"t": "Golden Temple", "s": "Holiest shrine of Sikhism, symbolizing equality and open worship.", "i": "https://codexery.com/notable-buildings-and-monuments/img/notable-buildings-and-monuments/golden-temple.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Sikh architecture · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/staffordshire/": {"t": "Staffordshire", "s": "The historic county of the Staffordshire Hoard and the Potteries"}, "https://codexery.com/bollywood-icons/e/bollywood-icons/akshay-kumar/": {"t": "Akshay Kumar", "s": "Khiladi Kumar: From martial arts to box-office hits."}, "/e/military-of-british-india/battle-of-saragarhi/": {"t": "Battle of Saragarhi", "s": "Last stand of 21 Sikhs against thousands of Afghan tribesmen."}, "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/e/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/italian-campaign-world-war-ii/": {"t": "Italian campaign (World War II)", "s": "Allied campaign to liberate Italy from Axis control, 1943–1945."}, "https://codexery.com/indian-inventions/e/indian-inventions/chakram/": {"t": "Chakram", "s": "A circular throwing weapon from the Indian subcontinent."}}