{"https://codexery.com/australian-folklore/e/australian-folklore/battle-of-the-eureka-stockade/": {"t": "Battle of the Eureka Stockade", "s": "A clash between gold miners and colonial forces in 1854.", "i": "https://codexery.com/australian-folklore/img/australian-folklore/battle-of-the-eureka-stockade.webp", "c": "Raffaello Carboni · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/australian-folklore/e/australian-folklore/eureka-flag/": {"t": "Eureka Flag", "s": "Flown at the Eureka Stockade; symbol of protest since 1854."}, "https://codexery.com/socio-political-concepts/e/socio-political-concepts/suffrage/": {"t": "Suffrage", "s": "The right to vote in public, political elections and referendums."}, "https://codexery.com/australian-folklore/e/australian-folklore/australian-gold-rushes/": {"t": "Australian gold rushes", "s": "Gold discoveries that reshaped Australian society and identity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/australian-folklore/img/australian-folklore/australian-gold-rushes.webp", "c": "Peterdownunder · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/stock-characters/e/stock-characters/fop/": {"t": "Fop", "s": "A pejorative stock character obsessed with fashion and social pretension."}, "https://codexery.com/social-issues/e/social-issues/parliament-of-the-united-kingdom/": {"t": "Parliament of the United Kingdom", "s": "Supreme legislative body of the United Kingdom."}, "https://codexery.com/british-empire/e/british-empire/union-jack/": {"t": "Union Jack", "s": "National flag of the United Kingdom, also called the Union Jack.", "i": "https://codexery.com/british-empire/img/british-empire/union-jack.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Union Jack · PD"}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-british-empire/e/rebellions-against-the-british-empire/irish-rebellion-of-1798/": {"t": "Irish Rebellion of 1798", "s": "A popular insurrection against British Crown in Ireland."}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-british-empire/e/rebellions-against-the-british-empire/castle-hill-convict-rebellion/": {"t": "Castle Hill convict rebellion", "s": "Second major convict uprising in Australian history suppressed under martial law"}, "https://codexery.com/public-holidays-observances/e/public-holidays-and-observances/sabbath/": {"t": "Sabbath", "s": "A weekly day of rest observed in Abrahamic religions."}, "https://codexery.com/team-ball-sports/e/team-ball-sports/football/": {"t": "Football", "s": "A family of team sports using only the body to move a ball."}, "https://codexery.com/criminal-law-and-procedure/e/criminal-law-and-procedure/mens-rea/": {"t": "Mens rea", "s": "The guilty mind required for criminal liability."}, "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/e/governments-and-political-systems/government-of-the-united-kingdom/": {"t": "Government of the United Kingdom", "s": "Central executive authority of the United Kingdom.", "i": "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/img/governments-and-political-systems/government-of-the-united-kingdom.webp", "c": "No machine-readable author provided. Nightstallion assumed (based on copyright c · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/warfare-military-history/e/warfare-and-military-history/declaration-of-war/": {"t": "Declaration of war", "s": "A formal act announcing a state of war between states."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/madrid/": {"t": "Madrid", "s": "Capital of Spain, political, economic and cultural centre, and home to the Royal Palace and the Golden Triangle of Art."}, "https://codexery.com/world-capital-cities/e/world-capital-cities/montevideo/": {"t": "Montevideo", "s": "Capital and largest city of Uruguay, founded in 1726.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-capital-cities/img/world-capital-cities/montevideo.webp", "c": "JacobinoWunsh · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/buenos-aires/": {"t": "Buenos Aires", "s": "The Autonomous City of Buenos Aires: a multicultural capital with eclectic European architecture."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/leaders-and-monarchs/margaret-thatcher/": {"t": "Margaret Thatcher", "s": "First female UK Prime Minister, architect of Thatcherism."}, "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/e/governments-and-political-systems/house-of-commons-of-the-united-kingdom/": {"t": "House of Commons of the United Kingdom", "s": "Elected lower house of the UK Parliament, holding government to account.", "i": "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/img/governments-and-political-systems/house-of-commons-of-the-united-kingdom.webp", "c": "©UK Parliament/Jessica Taylor · CC BY 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/amateur-radio/e/amateur-radio/amateur-radio/": {"t": "Amateur radio", "s": "Non-commercial radio communication for experimentation, recreation, and emergency service."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/soviet-union/": {"t": "Soviet Union", "s": "The world's flagship communist state and a superpower spanning Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/transportation/e/transportation/fighter-aircraft/": {"t": "Fighter aircraft", "s": "Military aircraft designed for air superiority and air-to-air combat."}, "https://codexery.com/airliners/e/airliners/boeing-707/": {"t": "Boeing 707", "s": "First widespread jetliner, credited with beginning the Jet Age.", "i": "https://codexery.com/airliners/img/airliners/boeing-707.webp", "c": "JQ OFFICIAL · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/machine-guns/e/machine-guns/general-purpose-machine-gun/": {"t": "General-purpose machine gun", "s": "A versatile, belt-fed machine gun adaptable to multiple tactical roles.", "i": "https://codexery.com/machine-guns/img/machine-guns/general-purpose-machine-gun.webp", "c": "Oleg Yunakov · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/african-conflicts-and-colonialism/e/african-conflicts-and-colonialism/south-african-republic/": {"t": "South African Republic", "s": "Independent Boer republic annexed after the Second Boer War."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/cape-of-good-hope/": {"t": "Cape of Good Hope", "s": "Rocky headland on the Cape Peninsula, key to the Cape Route.", "i": "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/img/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/cape-of-good-hope.webp", "c": "Dietmar Rabich · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/e/exploration-and-colonization/scramble-for-africa/": {"t": "Scramble for Africa", "s": "The late 19th-century invasion, conquest, and colonisation of most of Africa by seven Western European powers.", "i": "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/img/exploration-and-colonization/scramble-for-africa.webp", "c": "Bulllinzoneownere · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/e/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/drakensberg/": {"t": "Drakensberg", "s": "Eastern Great Escarpment forming the highest mountains in southern Africa."}, "https://codexery.com/history-of-the-british-empire/e/history-of-the-british-empire/cape-colony/": {"t": "Cape Colony", "s": "British colony at the Cape of Good Hope, later part of South Africa."}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-indigenous-groups/e/ethnic-and-indigenous-groups/zulu-people/": {"t": "Zulu people", "s": "The largest ethnic group in South Africa, known for their rich traditions, military history, and vibrant beadwork."}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/napoleonic-wars/": {"t": "Napoleonic Wars", "s": "Global conflicts from 1803 to 1815, featuring coalitions against Napoleon and French domination of Europe.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/wars-and-conflicts/napoleonic-wars.webp", "c": "Ruedi33a · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/british-empire/e/british-empire/british-empire/": {"t": "British Empire", "s": "The largest empire in history, spanning a quarter of Earth's land."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/cape-town/": {"t": "Cape Town", "s": "Legislative capital of South Africa, oldest city, and gateway to the Cape Floristic Region."}, "https://codexery.com/puzzle-games-of-the-2000s/e/puzzle-games-of-the-2000s/diamond-rush/": {"t": "Diamond Rush", "s": "An explorer seeks diamonds across three perilous worlds."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-and-urban-areas/e/cities-and-urban-areas/pretoria/": {"t": "Pretoria", "s": "Executive capital of South Africa and major diplomatic hub."}, "https://codexery.com/firearm-manufacturers/e/firearm-manufacturers/westley-richards/": {"t": "Westley Richards", "s": "One of England's oldest traditional gun and rifle makers."}, "https://codexery.com/russian-federal-subjects/e/russian-federal-subjects/chechnya/": {"t": "Chechnya", "s": "A republic of Russia in the North Caucasus, home to the Chechen people."}, "https://codexery.com/international-relations-and-concepts/e/international-relations-and-concepts/imperialism/": {"t": "Imperialism", "s": "Imperialism is the extension of power over foreign nations through hard and soft power."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/islamic-concepts-and-practices/imam/": {"t": "Imam", "s": "Islamic leadership role with differing Sunni and Shia interpretations."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/middle-east/": {"t": "Middle East", "s": "A geopolitical region encompassing West Asia, Egypt, and European Turkey, rich in history and strategic importance."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/revolutions-and-conflicts/russian-revolution/": {"t": "Russian Revolution", "s": "A period of revolution and civil war that ended monarchy and established socialist rule."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/russian-empire/": {"t": "Russian Empire", "s": "Third-largest empire in history, spanning northern Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/joseph-stalin/": {"t": "Joseph Stalin", "s": "Soviet revolutionary and dictator who ruled from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953."}, "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/e/governments-and-political-systems/government-of-russia/": {"t": "Government of Russia", "s": "Highest federal executive body of the Russian Federation.", "i": "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/img/governments-and-political-systems/government-of-russia.webp", "c": "The Government Bank of the Russian Republic. · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/russian-federal-subjects/e/russian-federal-subjects/tatarstan/": {"t": "Tatarstan", "s": "A republic of Russia in Eastern Europe, rich in oil and history."}, "https://codexery.com/russian-cities/e/russian-cities/grozny/": {"t": "Grozny", "s": "The fearsome fortress on the Sunzha, oil heart of the Caucasus."}, "https://codexery.com/russian-federal-subjects/e/russian-federal-subjects/ingushetia/": {"t": "Ingushetia", "s": "The smallest republic of Russia, home to the Ingush people, with a complex history and the highest life expectancy in the country."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/moscow/": {"t": "Moscow", "s": "Capital of Russia, largest city in Europe, and a historic center of power and culture."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/second-world-war/": {"t": "Second World War", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Axis, deadliest in history."}, "https://codexery.com/african-independence-leaders-post-coloni/e/african-independence-leaders-and-post-colonial-figures/f-lix-houphou-t-boigny/": {"t": "Félix Houphouët-Boigny", "s": "First president of Ivory Coast, architect of the 'Ivorian miracle'.", "i": "https://codexery.com/african-independence-leaders-post-coloni/img/african-independence-leaders-and-post-colonial-figures/f-lix-houphou-t-boigny.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Félix Houphouët-Boigny · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/social-identity-prejudice/e/social-identity-and-prejudice/xenophobia/": {"t": "Xenophobia", "s": "Fear or dislike of people perceived as foreign or strange."}, "https://codexery.com/capital-cities-of-africa/e/capital-cities-of-africa/abidjan/": {"t": "Abidjan", "s": "Economic capital of Ivory Coast"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/france/": {"t": "France", "s": "A global centre of art, science, cuisine and philosophy."}, "https://codexery.com/international-and-comparative-law/e/international-and-comparative-law/neutral-country/": {"t": "Neutral country", "s": "Neutrality in international law: rights, responsibilities, and evolving interpretations.", "i": "https://codexery.com/international-and-comparative-law/img/international-and-comparative-law/neutral-country.webp", "c": "The Hawaiian Gazette (newspaper), April 2, 1889, Image 1 · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/legal-concepts-doctrines/e/legal-concepts-and-doctrines/neocolonialism/": {"t": "Neocolonialism", "s": "Indirect control of nominally independent states through economic and cultural means."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-concepts-doctrines/e/legal-concepts-and-doctrines/partition-politics/": {"t": "Partition (politics)", "s": "Division of a unified territory into separate parts."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-and-urban-areas/e/cities-and-urban-areas/ouagadougou/": {"t": "Ouagadougou", "s": "Capital and largest city of Burkina Faso."}, "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/e/governments-and-political-systems/independence/": {"t": "Independence", "s": "Condition of self-government and sovereignty over a territory.", "i": "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/img/governments-and-political-systems/independence.webp", "c": "Ruger, A. · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/e/exploration-and-colonization/french-colonial-empire/": {"t": "French colonial empire", "s": "Overseas colonies, protectorates, and mandates under French rule.", "i": "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/img/exploration-and-colonization/french-colonial-empire.webp", "c": "M. G. Scott · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/greek-inventions/e/greek-inventions/democracy/": {"t": "Democracy", "s": "Government where power is vested in the people."}, "https://codexery.com/labor-employment/e/labor-and-employment/unemployment/": {"t": "Unemployment", "s": "Unemployment is the state of being without work while seeking it."}, "https://codexery.com/society-and-culture/e/society-and-culture/patriotism/": {"t": "Patriotism", "s": "Love and devotion to one's country, distinct from nationalism."}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/indigenous-peoples/": {"t": "Indigenous peoples", "s": "Indigenous peoples are diverse groups with ancestral ties to traditional territories."}, "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/e/international-law-and-diplomacy/secretary-general-of-the-united-nations/": {"t": "Secretary-General of the United Nations", "s": "The de facto head of the United Nations, overseeing the Secretariat and acting as the Security Council's executive.", "i": "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/img/international-law-and-diplomacy/secretary-general-of-the-united-nations.webp", "c": "DFID - UK Department for International Development · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/public-law/e/public-law/public-inquiry/": {"t": "Public inquiry", "s": "Official government review of events with public hearings and evidence.", "i": "https://codexery.com/public-law/img/public-law/public-inquiry.webp", "c": "Yu Chu Chin · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/socio-political-concepts/e/socio-political-concepts/totalitarianism/": {"t": "Totalitarianism", "s": "A political system that completely controls public and private life through ideology, repression, and state terror."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-and-urban-areas/e/cities-and-urban-areas/monrovia/": {"t": "Monrovia", "s": "Capital and largest city of Liberia, founded by the American Colonization Society."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/guinea/": {"t": "Guinea", "s": "West African nation, former French colony, bauxite producer."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/ghana/": {"t": "Ghana", "s": "First Sub-Saharan African colony to achieve sovereignty."}, "https://codexery.com/african-independence-leaders-post-coloni/e/african-independence-leaders-and-post-colonial-figures/jerry-rawlings/": {"t": "Jerry Rawlings", "s": "Ghanaian military leader and president who ruled for 19 years.", "i": "https://codexery.com/african-independence-leaders-post-coloni/img/african-independence-leaders-and-post-colonial-figures/jerry-rawlings.webp", "c": "Mark Renders / European Communities, 1998 / EC - Audiovisual Service · via Wikipedia: Jerry Rawlings · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/capital-cities-of-africa/e/capital-cities-of-africa/abuja/": {"t": "Abuja", "s": "Nigeria's administrative and political capital, built for unity and growth."}, "https://codexery.com/gemstones/e/gemstones/diamond/": {"t": "Diamond", "s": "A metastable carbon allotrope with extreme hardness and thermal conductivity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/gemstones/img/gemstones/diamond.webp", "c": "Blackout Sea · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/political-leaders-revolutionaries/e/political-leaders-and-revolutionaries/ellen-johnson-sirleaf/": {"t": "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf", "s": "Liberia's Iron Lady and first elected female head of state in Africa.", "i": "https://codexery.com/political-leaders-revolutionaries/img/political-leaders-and-revolutionaries/ellen-johnson-sirleaf.webp", "c": "PMO Barbados · via Wikipedia: Ellen Johnson Sirleaf · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/european-modernists/e/european-modernists/roberto-bola-o/": {"t": "Roberto Bolaño", "s": "Chilean writer known for novels The Savage Detectives and 2666."}, "https://codexery.com/african-and-asian-leaders/e/african-and-asian-leaders/lobengula/": {"t": "Lobengula", "s": "Second and last official king of the Ndebele nation."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-the-world/e/rivers-of-the-world/zambezi/": {"t": "Zambezi", "s": "Fourth-longest African river, largest east-flowing into the Indian Ocean."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-and-settlements/e/cities-and-settlements/harare/": {"t": "Harare", "s": "Harare is the capital and largest city of Zimbabwe, serving as the nation's commercial and governmental hub."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-cultural-concepts/e/historical-and-cultural-concepts/vassal/": {"t": "Vassal", "s": "A subordinate bound by mutual obligation to a lord."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/cairo/": {"t": "Cairo", "s": "The city of a thousand minarets"}, "https://codexery.com/violence-conflict/e/violence-and-conflict/war/": {"t": "War", "s": "Armed conflict between states or organized groups, often for political aims."}, "https://codexery.com/international-and-comparative-law/e/international-and-comparative-law/organization-of-american-states/": {"t": "Organization of American States", "s": "Promoting democracy, human rights, and security across the Americas."}, "https://codexery.com/economic-and-social-concepts/e/economic-and-social-concepts/land-reform/": {"t": "Land reform", "s": "Reforms altering land ownership, use, and tenure systems.", "i": "https://codexery.com/economic-and-social-concepts/img/economic-and-social-concepts/land-reform.webp", "c": "Unknown author · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/other/e/other/squatting/": {"t": "Squatting", "s": "Occupying land or buildings without permission for housing or protest."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/mexico-city/": {"t": "Mexico City", "s": "La Ciudad de los Palacios"}, "https://codexery.com/violence-conflict/e/violence-and-conflict/genocide/": {"t": "Genocide", "s": "The intentional destruction of a human group, in whole or in part.", "i": "https://codexery.com/violence-conflict/img/violence-and-conflict/genocide.webp", "c": "Aleksey Chalabyan (a.k.a. Xelgen) · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/warfare-military-history/e/warfare-and-military-history/anti-aircraft-warfare/": {"t": "Anti-aircraft warfare", "s": "Measures to nullify or reduce hostile air action.", "i": "https://codexery.com/warfare-military-history/img/warfare-and-military-history/anti-aircraft-warfare.webp", "c": "AceDouble · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/airliners/e/airliners/douglas-dc-3/": {"t": "Douglas DC-3", "s": "The airliner that revolutionized travel from the 1930s through World War II.", "i": "https://codexery.com/airliners/img/airliners/douglas-dc-3.webp", "c": "Maksym Kozlenko · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/warplanes/e/warplanes/p-51-mustang/": {"t": "P-51 Mustang", "s": "The long-range fighter that helped secure Allied air superiority.", "i": "https://codexery.com/warplanes/img/warplanes/p-51-mustang.webp", "c": "Like tears in rain · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-topics/e/world-war-ii-topics/vichy-france/": {"t": "Vichy France", "s": "French rump state headed by Philippe Pétain during World War II."}, "https://codexery.com/french-colonial-empire/e/french-colonial-empire/french-indochina/": {"t": "French Indochina", "s": "French-dependent territories in Southeast Asia from 1887 to 1954."}, "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/e/other-european-regions/metropolitan-france/": {"t": "Metropolitan France", "s": "European portion of France, including mainland and Corsica.", "i": "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/img/other-european-regions/metropolitan-france.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Metropolitan France · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/asia/": {"t": "Asia", "s": "Largest continent by area and population, cradle of many civilisations."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-history/e/chinese-history/republic-of-china-1912-1949/": {"t": "Republic of China (1912–1949)", "s": "First Chinese republic, ruled mainland until 1949."}, "https://codexery.com/transportation-engineering/e/transportation-engineering/aircraft-carrier/": {"t": "Aircraft carrier", "s": "Mobile seagoing airbase projecting naval air power worldwide.", "i": "https://codexery.com/transportation-engineering/img/transportation-engineering/aircraft-carrier.webp", "c": "Yaohua2000 · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/notable-buildings-and-monuments/e/notable-buildings-and-monuments/grand-palace/": {"t": "Grand Palace", "s": "Official residence of Thai kings since 1782, now a major tourist attraction.", "i": "https://codexery.com/notable-buildings-and-monuments/img/notable-buildings-and-monuments/grand-palace.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Grand Palace · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-inventions/e/chinese-inventions/artillery/": {"t": "Artillery", "s": "Ranged weapons launching munitions far beyond infantry firearms."}, "https://codexery.com/warfare-military-history/e/warfare-and-military-history/armoured-warfare/": {"t": "Armoured 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"via Wikipedia: Arabian Sea · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/bay-of-bengal/": {"t": "Bay of Bengal", "s": "Northeastern part of the Indian Ocean, rich in history and biodiversity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/bay-of-bengal.webp", "c": "No machine-readable author provided. NormanEinstein assumed (based on copyright claims). · via Wikipedia: Bay of Bengal · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/modern-conflicts/bangladesh-liberation-war/": {"t": "Bangladesh Liberation War", "s": "The armed conflict that led to the independence of Bangladesh."}, "https://codexery.com/asian-leaders/e/asian-leaders/ayub-khan/": {"t": "Ayub Khan", "s": "Pakistan's longest-serving president and architect of the 'Decade of Development.'"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/indira-gandhi/": {"t": "Indira Gandhi", "s": "India's first and only female prime minister"}, "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/e/governments-and-political-systems/government-of-india/": {"t": "Government of India", "s": "National authority of the Republic of India, established by the Constitution.", "i": "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/img/governments-and-political-systems/government-of-india.webp", "c": "Trikkiboy · Public 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admired masterpiece of the world's heritage.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-wonders/img/world-wonders/the-taj-mahal.webp", "c": "Jakub Hałun · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cold-war-conflicts/e/cold-war-conflicts/six-day-war/": {"t": "Six-Day War", "s": "In June 1967, a brief but intense conflict broke out between Israel and a coalition of Arab states—chiefly Egypt, Syria, and Jordan—lasting from the 5th to the "}, "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/e/states-and-regions/sindh/": {"t": "Sindh", "s": "Sindh is a Pakistani province, cradle of the Indus Valley Civilisation.", "i": "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/img/states-and-regions/sindh.webp", "c": "Baba66 · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/indian-inventions/e/indian-inventions/hal-hf-24-marut/": {"t": "HAL HF-24 Marut", "s": "India's first indigenous jet fighter, limited by engine politics."}, "https://codexery.com/warfare-military-history/e/warfare-and-military-history/air-supremacy/": {"t": "Air supremacy", "s": "Highest level of aerial control, preventing effective enemy interference."}, "https://codexery.com/major-islands-and-archipelagos/e/major-islands-and-archipelagos/borneo/": {"t": "Borneo", "s": "Third-largest island, divided among three sovereign states."}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/malay-peninsula/": {"t": "Malay Peninsula", "s": "Southernmost point of mainland Asia, rich in history and biodiversity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/img/islands-and-archipelagos/malay-peninsula.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Malay Peninsula · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/revolutions-and-conflicts/indonesian-national-revolution/": {"t": "Indonesian National Revolution", "s": "Armed and diplomatic struggle for Indonesian independence from Dutch rule.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/img/revolutions-and-conflicts/indonesian-national-revolution.webp", "c": "Unknown author · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/islands/e/islands/sumatra/": {"t": "Sumatra", "s": "Large Indonesian island with rich history and biodiversity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/islands/img/islands/sumatra.webp", "c": "Sadalmelik · via Wikipedia: Sumatra · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/islands/e/islands/sulawesi/": {"t": "Sulawesi", "s": "Sulawesi is a large Indonesian island with four peninsulas."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/singapore/": {"t": "Singapore", "s": "The Lion City, a global hub of trade and finance."}, "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/e/provinces-of-indonesia/east-kalimantan/": {"t": "East Kalimantan", "s": "Indonesian province hosting the world's oldest figurative art and new capital.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/east-kalimantan.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: East Kalimantan · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-provinces/e/indonesian-provinces/west-kalimantan/": {"t": "West Kalimantan", "s": "The Province of a Thousand Rivers"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/culture/london/": {"t": "London", "s": "A global city on the Thames, London blends nearly 2,000 years of history with a vibrant, multicultural present."}, "https://codexery.com/forms-of-government/e/forms-of-government/governor/": {"t": "Governor", "s": "Administrative leader and head of a political region."}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-groups/e/ethnic-groups/malays-ethnic-group/": {"t": "Malays (ethnic group)", "s": "An Austronesian ethnoreligious group native to the Malay world."}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/java/": {"t": "Java", "s": "World's most populous island, center of Indonesian history and culture."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/historical-events-and-places/september-11-attacks/": {"t": "September 11 attacks", "s": "Coordinated al-Qaeda suicide hijackings killed nearly 3,000 people."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/islamic-concepts-and-practices/sunni-islam/": {"t": "Sunni Islam", "s": "Largest branch of Islam, following the sunnah of Muhammad."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/kofi-annan/": {"t": "Kofi Annan", "s": "Ghanaian diplomat and seventh UN secretary-general, Nobel Peace Prize laureate."}, "https://codexery.com/international-relations-and-concepts/e/international-relations-and-concepts/international-law/": {"t": "International law", "s": "Body of rules governing state relations, based largely on consent."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutionary-leaders-and-activists/e/revolutionary-leaders-and-activists/osama-bin-laden/": {"t": "Osama bin Laden", "s": "Founder and first general emir of al-Qaeda"}, "https://codexery.com/good-and-evil/e/good-and-evil/axis-of-evil/": {"t": "Axis of evil", "s": "A political label for states accused of sponsoring terror and seeking WMD."}, 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"Intergovernmental cartel of oil-producing nations founded in 1960."}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous/e/miscellaneous/directional-drilling/": {"t": "Directional drilling", "s": "Non-vertical drilling enabling access to reservoirs from difficult surface locations."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/saudi-arabia/": {"t": "Saudi Arabia", "s": "The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a land of ancient heritage, vast deserts, and global influence.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/img/honours/saudi-arabia.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Saudi Arabia at the FIFA World Cup · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/basra/": {"t": "Basra", "s": "Ancient port city, hub of trade and conflict in southern Iraq."}, "https://codexery.com/flight-instruments-and-avionics/e/flight-instruments-and-avionics/radar/": {"t": "Radar", "s": "Radio waves detect and track objects by reflection."}, "https://codexery.com/unmanned-aerial-vehicles/e/unmanned-aerial-vehicles/aerostat/": {"t": "Aerostat", "s": "Aircraft that use buoyancy for flight, including balloons and airships."}, "https://codexery.com/asian-middle-eastern-monarchs-strongmen/e/asian-and-middle-eastern-monarchs-and-strongmen/jaber-al-ahmad-al-sabah/": {"t": "Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah", "s": "Emir of Kuwait who led through the Gulf War."}, "https://codexery.com/government-public-administration/e/government-and-public-administration/prime-minister/": {"t": "Prime minister", "s": "Head of government leading the cabinet in parliamentary systems."}, "/e/military-conflicts-and-wars/kashmir-conflict/": {"t": "Kashmir conflict", "s": "Territorial dispute over Kashmir between India, Pakistan, and China."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/mujahideen/": {"t": "Mujahideen", "s": "Arabic term for those who engage in jihad."}, "https://codexery.com/political-leaders-revolutionaries/e/political-leaders-and-revolutionaries/benazir-bhutto/": {"t": "Benazir Bhutto", "s": "First woman prime minister of a Muslim-majority country, assassinated in 2007."}, "https://codexery.com/political-leaders-revolutionaries/e/political-leaders-and-revolutionaries/atal-bihari-vajpayee/": {"t": "Atal Bihari Vajpayee", "s": "The poet-politician who shaped modern Indian conservatism."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-lakes/e/rivers-and-lakes/indus-river/": {"t": "Indus River", "s": "A transboundary river of Asia, rising in Tibet and flowing through Kashmir and Pakistan to the Arabian Sea.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-lakes/img/rivers-and-lakes/indus-river.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Indus River · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/indian-states/e/indian-states/himachal-pradesh/": {"t": "Himachal Pradesh", "s": "Land of Gods and the Brave", "i": "https://codexery.com/indian-states/img/indian-states/himachal-pradesh.webp", "c": "Timothy Gonsalves · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/grenade-launchers/e/grenade-launchers/grenade-launcher/": {"t": "Grenade launcher", "s": "A firearm launching large-caliber explosive or chemical projectiles."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-history/e/chinese-history/sino-indian-war/": {"t": "Sino-Indian War", "s": "In October and November of 1962, China and India fought a brief but intense war, sometimes called the China–India War or the Indo-China War.", "i": "https://codexery.com/chinese-history/img/chinese-history/sino-indian-war.webp", "c": "Hogweard (Original) Sgh45 (This version) · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/military-conflicts-and-wars/kargil-war/": {"t": "Kargil War", "s": "Kargil War is the most recent example of high-altitude warfare in mountainous terrain and one of only two instances of conventional warfare between nuclear-arme", "i": "https://codexery.com/military-conflicts-and-wars/img/military-conflicts-and-wars/kargil-war.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Kargil War order of battle · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/society-and-culture/e/society-and-culture/self-determination/": {"t": "Self-determination", "s": "A people's right to form its own political entity."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-concepts-doctrines/e/legal-concepts-and-doctrines/enforced-disappearance/": {"t": "Enforced disappearance", "s": "State-sanctioned secret abduction and denial of a person's fate."}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/e/exploration-and-colonization/east-india-company/": {"t": "East India Company", "s": "Chartered company that ruled large parts of India and dominated key trade routes.", "i": "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/img/exploration-and-colonization/east-india-company.webp", "c": "John Bruce · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/jawaharlal-nehru/": {"t": "Jawaharlal Nehru", "s": "India's first prime minister and architect of its modern secular democracy."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/lord-mountbatten/": {"t": "Lord Mountbatten", "s": "Last Viceroy of India and mentor to King Charles III"}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-j/e/cities-starting-with-j/junagadh/": {"t": "Junagadh", "s": "Ancient fortified city at the foot of Girnar hills."}, "https://codexery.com/forms-of-government/e/forms-of-government/head-of-state/": {"t": "Head of state", "s": "The public persona of a sovereign state."}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/e/exploration-and-colonization/spanish-empire/": {"t": "Spanish Empire", "s": "The empire on which the sun never set.", "i": "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/img/exploration-and-colonization/spanish-empire.webp", "c": "Nagihuin · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/francisco-franco/": {"t": "Francisco Franco", "s": "Spanish military general and dictator who ruled Spain from 1939 to 1975."}, "https://codexery.com/deserts-and-drylands/e/deserts-and-drylands/sahara-desert/": {"t": "Sahara Desert", "s": "Largest hot desert, spanning North Africa."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/western-sahara/": {"t": "Western Sahara", "s": "Africa's last colony, divided by conflict and stalled decolonization."}}