{"https://codexery.com/education-schools/e/education-and-schools/shanghai-jiao-tong-university/": {"t": "Shanghai Jiao Tong University", "s": "A leading Chinese public university with roots in the Westernization Movement, now a member of the C9 League.", "i": "https://codexery.com/education-schools/img/education-and-schools/shanghai-jiao-tong-university.webp", "c": "Pauloleong2002 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-causes-of-cancer/e/infectious-causes-of-cancer/harald-zur-hausen/": {"t": "Harald zur Hausen", "s": "German virologist who linked HPV to cervical cancer."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/hiv/": {"t": "HIV", "s": "Retrovirus causing AIDS, transmitted via bodily fluids."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/e/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/sars-cov-2/": {"t": "SARS-CoV-2", "s": "Virus causing the COVID-19 pandemic, first identified in Wuhan.", "i": "https://codexery.com/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/img/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/sars-cov-2.webp", "c": "DataBase Center for Life Science (DBCLS) · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/hiv-aids/": {"t": "HIV/AIDS", "s": "Retrovirus causing AIDS, manageable but incurable."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/science-journal/": {"t": "Science (journal)", "s": "Peer-reviewed journal of the AAAS, covering all scientific disciplines."}, "https://codexery.com/biologists-naturalists/e/biologists-and-naturalists/robert-gallo/": {"t": "Robert Gallo", "s": "American biomedical researcher who helped prove HIV causes AIDS.", "i": "https://codexery.com/biologists-naturalists/img/biologists-and-naturalists/robert-gallo.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: List of biologists · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/nature-journal/": {"t": "Nature (journal)", "s": "British weekly journal of peer-reviewed natural science research.", "i": "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/img/media-and-publishing/nature-journal.webp", "c": "Salwa Farwaneh · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-causes-of-cancer/e/infectious-causes-of-cancer/cervical-cancer/": {"t": "Cervical cancer", "s": "Cervical cancer is a preventable HPV-linked cancer of the cervix."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism/e/electromagnetism/electromagnetic-radiation/": {"t": "Electromagnetic radiation", "s": "Self-propagating wave of the electromagnetic field carrying energy."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/rna/": {"t": "RNA", "s": "RNA is a nucleic acid essential for genetic information and catalysis."}, "https://codexery.com/pharmacology-and-therapeutics/e/pharmacology-and-therapeutics/quackery/": {"t": "Quackery", "s": "Promotion of fraudulent or ignorant medical practices."}, "https://codexery.com/discovery-and-invention-controversies/e/discovery-and-invention-controversies/jacques-benveniste/": {"t": "Jacques Benveniste", "s": "French immunologist who discovered PAF and sparked the water memory debate."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines/e/magazines/new-scientist/": {"t": "New Scientist", "s": "Weekly magazine covering science, technology, and their implications.", "i": "https://codexery.com/magazines/img/magazines/new-scientist.webp", "c": "Rajvo · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/covid-19/": {"t": "COVID-19", "s": "COVID-19 is a contagious disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/malaria/": {"t": "Malaria", "s": "Mosquito-borne parasitic disease causing fever, anemia, and death."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/barcelona/": {"t": "Barcelona", "s": "Capital of Catalonia, Mediterranean metropolis, and global cultural hub."}, "https://codexery.com/monarchs-and-nobility/e/monarchs-and-nobility/louis-xviii/": {"t": "Louis XVIII", "s": "The constitutional monarch who restored the Bourbon dynasty after Napoleon."}, "https://codexery.com/human-variation-and-health/e/human-variation-and-health/medical-doctor/": {"t": "Medical doctor", "s": "Health professional who practices medicine to promote and restore health."}, "https://codexery.com/injuries-and-conditions/e/injuries-and-conditions/tooth-decay/": {"t": "Tooth decay", "s": "Bacterial acid destroys tooth hard tissues, causing cavities.", "i": "https://codexery.com/injuries-and-conditions/img/injuries-and-conditions/tooth-decay.webp", "c": "தகவலுழவன் · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-fundamentals/e/chemistry-fundamentals/ammonia/": {"t": "Ammonia", "s": "A colourless gas with a pungent smell, vital for fertilizers."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/historical-eras/middle-ages/": {"t": "Middle Ages", "s": "The middle epoch between classical antiquity and the modern period.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/img/historical-eras/middle-ages.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Middle Ages · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/nitric-acid/": {"t": "Nitric acid", "s": "A highly corrosive mineral acid used in nitration and as a strong oxidizing agent."}, "https://codexery.com/cardiovascular-blood/e/cardiovascular-and-blood/cardiopulmonary-resuscitation/": {"t": "Cardiopulmonary resuscitation", "s": "Emergency procedure combining chest compressions and ventilation to sustain life."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/austria/": {"t": "Austria", "s": "A landlocked Central European nation with a rich imperial history and a modern neutral democracy."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/vienna/": {"t": "Vienna", "s": "Capital on the Danube, heart of Austria"}, "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/e/medical-specialties/ophthalmology/": {"t": "Ophthalmology", "s": "Branch of medicine for eye disease diagnosis, treatment, and surgery.", "i": "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/img/medical-specialties/ophthalmology.webp", "c": "Hodge120 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/e/medical-specialties/pediatrics/": {"t": "Pediatrics", "s": "Branch of medicine for the medical care of children and young adults.", "i": "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/img/medical-specialties/pediatrics.webp", "c": "Internet Archive Book Images · No restrictions"}, "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/e/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/anschluss/": {"t": "Anschluss", "s": "Annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany on 12 March 1938.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/img/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/anschluss.webp", "c": "Unknown author · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/historical-events-and-places/the-holocaust/": {"t": "The Holocaust", "s": "The Holocaust, called the Shoah in Hebrew, refers to the systematic murder of European Jews carried out during World War II."}, "https://codexery.com/american-state-capitals/e/american-state-capitals/hartford-connecticut/": {"t": "Hartford, Connecticut", "s": "Hartford: The Insurance Capital of the World and America's Filing Cabinet", "i": "https://codexery.com/american-state-capitals/img/american-state-capitals/hartford-connecticut.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Hartford, Connecticut · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/latin-american-cities/e/latin-american-cities/lima/": {"t": "Lima", "s": "Capital and largest city of Peru, political and cultural center."}, "https://codexery.com/respiratory-infectious-diseases/e/respiratory-and-infectious-diseases/asthma/": {"t": "Asthma", "s": "A chronic inflammatory airway disease with variable symptoms and no cure."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/pennsylvania/": {"t": "Pennsylvania", "s": "The Keystone State", "i": "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/img/countries-and-regions/pennsylvania.webp", "c": "Simtropolitan, Jean-Pierre Demailly (old version)\npermission=\n\n\n\nInsignia\n\nThis image shows a flag, a coat of arms, a seal or some other official insignia. The  · via Wikipedia: Pennsylvania · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cancer/e/cancer/cancer/": {"t": "Cancer", "s": "A group of diseases involving uncontrolled cell growth with potential to spread."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/varanasi/": {"t": "Varanasi", "s": "The luminous city on the Ganges, ancient seat of learning and liberation."}, "https://codexery.com/traditional-alternative-medicine/e/traditional-and-alternative-medicine/ayurveda/": {"t": "Ayurveda", "s": "Knowledge of longevity: an ancient pseudoscientific system of alternative medicine.", "i": "https://codexery.com/traditional-alternative-medicine/img/traditional-and-alternative-medicine/ayurveda.webp", "c": "Gpkp · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/culture/london/": {"t": "London", "s": "A global city on the Thames, London blends nearly 2,000 years of history with a vibrant, multicultural present."}, "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/e/universities-and-colleges/harvard-university/": {"t": "Harvard University", "s": "Oldest institution of higher learning in the United States.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/img/universities-and-colleges/harvard-university.webp", "c": "Daderot · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/hippocrates/": {"t": "Hippocrates", "s": "Father of Medicine who separated medicine from religion and emphasized natural causes of disease."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/dorset/": {"t": "Dorset", "s": "A ceremonial county in South West England with a varied landscape and a coastline largely part of the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/oliver-cromwell/": {"t": "Oliver Cromwell", "s": "Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland"}, "https://codexery.com/european-scientific-pioneers/e/european-scientific-pioneers/robert-boyle/": {"t": "Robert Boyle", "s": "Anglo-Irish natural philosopher, chemist, physicist, alchemist and inventor.", "i": "https://codexery.com/european-scientific-pioneers/img/european-scientific-pioneers/robert-boyle.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Robert Boyle · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/john-locke/": {"t": "John Locke", "s": "Father of liberalism and influential Enlightenment thinker"}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/epidemic/": {"t": "Epidemic", "s": "Rapid spread of disease above normally expected levels."}, "https://codexery.com/aging-associated-diseases/e/aging-associated-diseases/arthritis/": {"t": "Arthritis", "s": "A joint disorder from cartilage loss causing bone-on-bone grinding.", "i": "https://codexery.com/aging-associated-diseases/img/aging-associated-diseases/arthritis.webp", "c": "Alfred Loomis & William Thompson · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/pathology/e/pathology/pathology/": {"t": "Pathology", "s": "The study of disease, from ancient roots to modern medical practice."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/tuberculosis/": {"t": "Tuberculosis", "s": "A contagious bacterial disease, historically called consumption, that remains a global killer."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/scotland/": {"t": "Scotland", "s": "A country of ancient kingdoms, rugged highlands, and deep lochs."}, "https://codexery.com/mental-health/e/mental-health/hypochondria/": {"t": "Hypochondria", "s": "A condition of excessive worry about serious illness."}, "https://codexery.com/novels-and-epics/e/novels-and-epics/don-quixote/": {"t": "Don Quixote", "s": "A novel about a man who becomes a knight-errant.", "i": "https://codexery.com/novels-and-epics/img/novels-and-epics/don-quixote.webp", "c": "Juan de la Cuesta · via Wikipedia: Don Quixote · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/whooping-cough/": {"t": "Whooping cough", "s": "A highly contagious bacterial disease causing severe coughing fits."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-conditions/e/medical-conditions/gout/": {"t": "Gout", "s": "Inflammatory arthritis from uric acid crystal deposition."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/han-dynasty/": {"t": "Han dynasty", "s": "The golden age that shaped Chinese identity."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-china/e/cities-of-china/nanyang-henan/": {"t": "Nanyang, Henan", "s": "Historical city in Henan, home to four Chinese sages."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/changsha/": {"t": "Changsha", "s": "Capital of Hunan, ancient city, and global industrial hub."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-classical-texts/e/ancient-and-classical-texts/huangdi-neijing/": {"t": "Huangdi Neijing", "s": "Ancient Chinese medical text foundational to traditional medicine.", "i": "https://codexery.com/ancient-classical-texts/img/ancient-and-classical-texts/huangdi-neijing.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Huangdi Neijing · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/three-kingdoms/": {"t": "Three Kingdoms", "s": "A partial revival of the old three kingdoms in early medieval Korea."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/e/medical-specialties/neurology/": {"t": "Neurology", "s": "Branch of medicine for nervous system disorders.", "i": "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/img/medical-specialties/neurology.webp", "c": "Internet Archive Book Images · No restrictions"}, "https://codexery.com/portuguese-inventions/e/portuguese-inventions/cerebral-angiography/": {"t": "Cerebral angiography", "s": "Imaging technique for brain blood vessels, pioneered in 1927.", "i": "https://codexery.com/portuguese-inventions/img/portuguese-inventions/cerebral-angiography.webp", "c": "Cerevisae · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/social-issues/e/social-issues/nobel-prize/": {"t": "Nobel Prize", "s": "Prestigious awards for the greatest benefit to humankind."}, "https://codexery.com/surgery-trauma/e/surgery-and-trauma/cadaver/": {"t": "Cadaver", "s": "A dead human body used for study and medical advancement."}, "https://codexery.com/portuguese-inventions/e/portuguese-inventions/lobotomy/": {"t": "Lobotomy", "s": "Discredited brain surgery that severed prefrontal cortex connections.", "i": "https://codexery.com/portuguese-inventions/img/portuguese-inventions/lobotomy.webp", "c": "Bjoertvedt · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/e/medical-specialties/epidemiology/": {"t": "Epidemiology", "s": "The study of health outcomes and diseases in specific populations.", "i": "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/img/medical-specialties/epidemiology.webp", "c": "David P. Wilson · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/revolutions-and-conflicts/world-war-i/": {"t": "World War I", "s": "The First World War, a global conflict from 1914 to 1918, was fought between the Allied and Central Powers."}, "https://codexery.com/scientists-and-mathematicians/e/scientists-and-mathematicians/karl-pearson/": {"t": "Karl Pearson", "s": "English biostatistician and mathematician who established mathematical statistics and founded the first university statistics department."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/david-hume/": {"t": "David Hume", "s": "Scottish philosopher known for empiricism and scepticism."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/karl-popper/": {"t": "Karl Popper", "s": "Philosopher of science who championed falsifiability and the open society."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-traditions/e/philosophical-traditions/causality/": {"t": "Causality", "s": "Causality is the influence by which a cause produces an effect."}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology-and-cell-biology/e/microbiology-and-cell-biology/microbiology/": {"t": "Microbiology", "s": "Scientific study of microscopic organisms and their roles."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/e/medical-specialties/immunology/": {"t": "Immunology", "s": "The study of immune systems in all organisms, from ancient observations to modern immunotherapy.", "i": "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/img/medical-specialties/immunology.webp", "c": "Ashashyou · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/diphtheria/": {"t": "Diphtheria", "s": "A bacterial infection causing a thick throat membrane; preventable by vaccine."}, "https://codexery.com/pioneers-of-medicine/e/pioneers-of-medicine/kitasato-shibasabur/": {"t": "Kitasato Shibasaburō", "s": "Japanese bacteriologist who co-discovered the plague bacillus."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors/e/great-inventors/louis-pasteur/": {"t": "Louis Pasteur", "s": "Father of bacteriology and pioneer of pasteurization", "i": "https://codexery.com/inventors/img/great-inventors/louis-pasteur.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Louis Pasteur · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/robert-koch/": {"t": "Robert Koch", "s": "Founder of modern bacteriology and discoverer of the causative agents of tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax."}, "https://codexery.com/pathogenic-bacteria/e/pathogenic-bacteria/corynebacterium-diphtheriae/": {"t": "Corynebacterium diphtheriae", "s": "Gram-positive bacterium causing diphtheria, toxigenic via bacteriophage."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/modern-metropolis/hong-kong/": {"t": "Hong Kong", "s": "Asia's world city, a global financial hub."}, "https://codexery.com/trees-shrubs/e/trees-and-shrubs/hevea-brasiliensis/": {"t": "Hevea brasiliensis", "s": "Primary source of natural rubber, originally from the Amazon."}, "https://codexery.com/mountain-ranges-and-massifs/e/mountain-ranges-and-massifs/andes/": {"t": "Andes", "s": "Longest continental mountain range, forming western backbone of South America."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-the-united/e/world-heritage-sites-in-the-united-states/university-of-virginia/": {"t": "University of Virginia", "s": "Founded by Thomas Jefferson, home to a UNESCO World Heritage Site."}, "https://codexery.com/pathogenic-bacteria/e/pathogenic-bacteria/helicobacter-pylori/": {"t": "Helicobacter pylori", "s": "Gram-negative bacterium causing gastric ulcers and linked to stomach cancer."}, "https://codexery.com/pioneers-of-medicine/e/pioneers-of-medicine/jonas-salk/": {"t": "Jonas Salk", "s": "American virologist who developed one of the first successful polio vaccines."}, "https://codexery.com/inflammatory-diseases-of-the-digestive-s/e/inflammatory-diseases-of-the-digestive-system/gastritis/": {"t": "Gastritis", "s": "Inflammation of the stomach lining, often caused by H. pylori or NSAIDs."}, "https://codexery.com/symptoms-and-signs-digestive-system-and/e/symptoms-and-signs-digestive-system-and-abdomen/bad-breath/": {"t": "Bad breath", "s": "A symptom of unpleasant breath odour, often from oral sources.", "i": "https://codexery.com/symptoms-and-signs-digestive-system-and/img/symptoms-and-signs-digestive-system-and-abdomen/bad-breath.webp", "c": "Delapouite · CC BY 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/chronic-pain-syndromes/e/chronic-pain-syndromes/irritable-bowel-syndrome/": {"t": "Irritable bowel syndrome", "s": "A chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder with unknown cause."}, "https://codexery.com/pc-hardware/e/pc-hardware/brainchip/": {"t": "BrainChip", "s": "Australian developer of neuromorphic AI hardware and software."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/stockholm/": {"t": "Stockholm", "s": "The capital of Sweden, spanning fourteen islands where Lake Mälaren meets the Baltic Sea."}, "https://codexery.com/overuse-injuries/e/overuse-injuries/chronic-traumatic-encephalopathy/": {"t": "Chronic traumatic encephalopathy", "s": "Neurodegenerative tauopathy from repetitive head impacts, diagnosed only after death.", "i": "https://codexery.com/overuse-injuries/img/overuse-injuries/chronic-traumatic-encephalopathy.webp", "c": "Boston University Center for the Study of Traumatic Encephalopathy · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-games/e/sports-and-games/american-football/": {"t": "American football", "s": "Team sport evolved from rugby and soccer, popular in the US."}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/nigerian-civil-war/": {"t": "Nigerian Civil War", "s": "A war of secession, starvation, and global television.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/wars-and-conflicts/nigerian-civil-war.webp", "c": "Aart Rietveld · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/education-schools/e/education-and-schools/primary-school/": {"t": "Primary school", "s": "Primary school provides fundamental skills in reading, writing, and mathematics."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/new-york-city/": {"t": "New York City", "s": "The most populous city in the United States, a global center of finance, culture, and diplomacy."}, "https://codexery.com/pathology/e/pathology/clinical-pathology/": {"t": "Clinical pathology", "s": "Diagnoses disease via lab analysis of bodily fluids and tissues."}, "https://codexery.com/common-diseases-disorders/e/common-diseases-and-disorders/dementia/": {"t": "Dementia", "s": "A progressive syndrome of cognitive decline affecting daily life."}, "https://codexery.com/psychology/e/psychology/executive-functions/": {"t": "Executive functions", "s": "Cognitive processes supporting goal-directed behavior through cognitive control."}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-medicine/e/physiology-and-medicine/alzheimer-s-disease/": {"t": "Alzheimer's disease", "s": "A progressive neurodegenerative disease and the most common cause of dementia."}, "https://codexery.com/ball-games/e/ball-games/national-football-league/": {"t": "National Football League", "s": "The premier barnstorming exhibition professional baseball league playing Banana Ball."}, "https://codexery.com/military-conflicts-and-wars/e/military-conflicts-and-wars/iraq-war/": {"t": "Iraq War", "s": "The 2003 to 2011 conflict that opened with a US-led invasion and removed Saddam Hussein from power.", "i": "https://codexery.com/military-conflicts-and-wars/img/military-conflicts-and-wars/iraq-war.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Iraq War · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/the-washington-post/": {"t": "The Washington Post", "s": "American daily newspaper and newspaper of record."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/kenya/": {"t": "Kenya", "s": "East African nation with ancient human origins and diverse landscapes."}, "https://codexery.com/common-infections-and-diseases/e/common-infections-and-diseases/chagas-disease/": {"t": "Chagas disease", "s": "Tropical parasitic disease spread by kissing bugs, often chronic."}, "https://codexery.com/brazilian-states/e/brazilian-states/rio-de-janeiro/": {"t": "Rio de Janeiro", "s": "Brazilian city that was capital of a European colonial power."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/e/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/trypanosoma-cruzi/": {"t": "Trypanosoma cruzi", "s": "A parasitic kinetoplastid causing Chagas disease, transmitted by triatomine bugs."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/e/medical-specialties/infectious-disease/": {"t": "Infectious disease", "s": "Illness caused by pathogens invading host tissues.", "i": "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/img/medical-specialties/infectious-disease.webp", "c": "Rosser1954 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/e/universities-and-colleges/federal-university-of-rio-de-janeiro/": {"t": "Federal University of Rio de Janeiro", "s": "A public research university in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and one of the country's centers of excellence in teaching and research.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/img/universities-and-colleges/federal-university-of-rio-de-janeiro.webp", "c": "Estudante do IE-UFRJ · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/public-health-and-epidemiology/e/public-health-and-epidemiology/preventive-healthcare/": {"t": "Preventive healthcare", "s": "Preventive healthcare uses anticipatory actions—primal, primary, secondary, and tertiary—to prevent disease and promote well-being."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/bel-m/": {"t": "Belém", "s": "Metropolis of the Brazilian Amazon region", "i": "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/img/cities-of-the-world/bel-m.webp", "c": "Ridiculopathy · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers/e/rivers/s-o-francisco-river/": {"t": "São Francisco River", "s": "Longest river entirely in Brazil, vital for integration and semi-arid region.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers/img/rivers/s-o-francisco-river.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: São Francisco River · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/animal-biology-and-behavior/e/animal-biology-and-behavior/hematophagy/": {"t": "Hematophagy", "s": "The practice of feeding on blood, from leeches to vampire bats."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/portuguese-language/": {"t": "Portuguese language", "s": "A Western Romance language spoken by over 267 million people, official in eight countries and co-official in Macau and Equatorial Guinea."}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-metabolism/e/physiology-and-metabolism/gastrointestinal-tract/": {"t": "Gastrointestinal tract", "s": "The digestive passageway from mouth to anus."}, "https://codexery.com/algae-and-protists/e/algae-and-protists/flagellate/": {"t": "Flagellate", "s": "Organisms with whip-like flagella for motion and feeding."}, "https://codexery.com/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/e/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/protozoa/": {"t": "Protozoa", "s": "Polyphyletic group of single-celled eukaryotes, historically seen as first animals.", "i": "https://codexery.com/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/img/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/protozoa.webp", "c": "Pitelka, Dorothy R. (Dorothy Riggs), 1920- · No restrictions"}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/e/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/trypanosoma/": {"t": "Trypanosoma", "s": "Parasitic protozoa causing sleeping sickness and Chagas disease."}, "https://codexery.com/mammals/e/mammals/guinea-pig/": {"t": "Guinea pig", "s": "Domestic rodent from the Andes, used for food, pets, and research."}, "https://codexery.com/brazilian-states/e/brazilian-states/par/": {"t": "Pará", "s": "Northern Brazilian state traversed by the lower Amazon River."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/historical-events-and-places/spanish-flu/": {"t": "Spanish flu", "s": "A deadly global pandemic misnamed after Spain due to wartime censorship."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/leprosy/": {"t": "Leprosy", "s": "A curable neglected tropical disease with ancient roots and persistent stigma."}, 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"Montreal (French: Montréal) sits as Quebec’s biggest city, Canada’s second-largest, and North America’s eighth-largest."}, "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/e/diseases-and-conditions/shock-circulatory/": {"t": "Shock (circulatory)", "s": "A medical emergency from insufficient blood flow to tissues."}, "https://codexery.com/science-fiction-horror-novels/e/science-fiction-horror-novels/carrion-comfort/": {"t": "Carrion Comfort", "s": "Novel about psychic manipulators influencing history through remote control."}, "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/e/diseases-and-conditions/pneumonia/": {"t": "Pneumonia", "s": "Inflammatory lung condition primarily affecting alveoli, caused by infection.", "i": "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/img/diseases-and-conditions/pneumonia.webp", "c": "Nephron · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/cape-town/": {"t": "Cape Town", "s": "Legislative capital of South Africa, oldest city, and gateway to the Cape 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Marion Sims", "s": "Pioneering surgeon whose methods remain ethically controversial."}, "https://codexery.com/architectural-landmarks/e/architectural-landmarks/united-states-capitol/": {"t": "United States Capitol", "s": "Seat of the California state government in Sacramento.", "i": "https://codexery.com/architectural-landmarks/img/architectural-landmarks/united-states-capitol.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: California State Capitol · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/pentecostalism/": {"t": "Pentecostalism", "s": "A Spirit-filled movement emphasizing baptism with the Holy Spirit and speaking in tongues."}, "https://codexery.com/warfare-military-history/e/warfare-and-military-history/wartime-sexual-violence/": {"t": "Wartime sexual violence", "s": "Sexual violence by combatants during armed conflict or occupation.", "i": "https://codexery.com/warfare-military-history/img/warfare-and-military-history/wartime-sexual-violence.webp", "c": "U.S. Institute of Peace · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/second-congo-war/": {"t": "Second Congo War", "s": "A major conflict drawing nine African nations and 25 armed groups."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/the-globe-and-mail/": {"t": "The Globe and Mail", "s": "Canada's National Newspaper"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/france/": {"t": "France", "s": "A global centre of art, science, cuisine and philosophy."}, "https://codexery.com/african-wars-of-independence/e/african-wars-of-independence/first-congo-war/": {"t": "First Congo War", "s": "Conflict that overthrew Mobutu and led to the Second Congo War."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/europe/": {"t": "Europe", "s": "Second-smallest continent, birthplace of Western civilisation and European Union."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/the-new-york-times/": {"t": "The New York Times", "s": "The Gray Lady, a U.S."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-emergencies/e/medical-emergencies/abdominal-pregnancy/": {"t": "Abdominal pregnancy", "s": "A rare ectopic pregnancy where the fetus grows in the abdomen."}, "https://codexery.com/surgery-trauma/e/surgery-and-trauma/caesarean-section/": {"t": "Caesarean section", "s": "Surgical delivery of babies through the mother's abdomen."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-spain/e/world-heritage-sites-in-spain/madinat-al-zahra/": {"t": "Madinat al-Zahra", "s": "Fortified palace-city and capital of the Caliphate of Córdoba."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-m/e/cities-starting-with-m/medina/": {"t": "Medina", "s": "Second holiest city in Islam, cradle of Islamic civilization."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/arabian-peninsula/": {"t": "Arabian Peninsula", "s": "World's largest peninsula, formed by a divergent tectonic boundary.", "i": "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/img/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/arabian-peninsula.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Peninsula · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-scholars-mystics/e/islamic-scholars-and-mystics/ibn-hazm/": {"t": "Ibn Hazm", "s": "Andalusi polymath and Zahiri jurist", "i": "https://codexery.com/islamic-scholars-mystics/img/islamic-scholars-and-mystics/ibn-hazm.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Ibn Arabi · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/surgery-trauma/e/surgery-and-trauma/cauterization/": {"t": "Cauterization", "s": "Ancient medical technique of burning tissue to treat wounds."}, "https://codexery.com/human-anatomy/e/human-anatomy/ear/": {"t": "Ear", "s": "The human ear: a three-part organ for hearing and balance."}, "https://codexery.com/musculoskeletal-system-and-orthopedics/e/musculoskeletal-system-and-orthopedics/skull-fracture/": {"t": "Skull fracture", "s": "A break in the cranial bones from blunt force trauma."}, "https://codexery.com/disorders-causing-seizures/e/disorders-causing-seizures/hydrocephalus/": {"t": "Hydrocephalus", "s": "A condition of cerebrospinal fluid buildup causing skull pressure."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/e/medical-specialties/orthopedics/": {"t": "Orthopedics", "s": "Branch of surgery treating musculoskeletal conditions, from trauma to congenital disorders.", "i": "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/img/medical-specialties/orthopedics.webp", "c": "掬茶 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/pharmacology-and-therapeutics/e/pharmacology-and-therapeutics/pharmacology/": {"t": "Pharmacology", "s": "Science of drugs and their interactions with biological systems."}, "https://codexery.com/nutrition-and-diet/e/nutrition-and-diet/nutrition/": {"t": "Nutrition", "s": "The biochemical process by which organisms use food and water."}, "https://codexery.com/reproduction-and-development/e/reproduction-and-development/childbirth/": {"t": "Childbirth", "s": "Completion of pregnancy resulting in one or more newborns."}, "/e/medical-pioneers/ambroise-par/": {"t": "Ambroise Paré", "s": "Barber surgeon who advanced surgery and battlefield medicine."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-conditions/e/medical-conditions/migraine/": {"t": "Migraine", "s": "A common neurological disorder causing recurrent, often disabling headaches."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/avicenna/": {"t": "Avicenna", "s": "Preeminent philosopher and physician of the Islamic Golden Age."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/e/medical-specialties/urology/": {"t": "Urology", "s": "Surgical and medical specialty of the urinary and male reproductive systems."}, "https://codexery.com/egyptian-inventions/e/egyptian-inventions/oud/": {"t": "Oud", "s": "A fretless pear-shaped lute from the Middle East."}, "https://codexery.com/human-anatomy/e/human-anatomy/fetus/": {"t": "Fetus", "s": "Unborn offspring of viviparous animals, developing from embryo to 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macaque", "s": "Widely distributed Old World monkey used in medical breakthroughs."}, "https://codexery.com/explorers-navigators/e/explorers-and-navigators/charles-lindbergh/": {"t": "Charles Lindbergh", "s": "Aviator who made the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-procedures-and-treatments/e/medical-procedures-and-treatments/transplantation-medicine/": {"t": "Transplantation (medicine)", "s": "Transplantation replaces damaged functions using organs or tissues from donors."}, "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-topics/e/world-war-ii-topics/vichy-france/": {"t": "Vichy France", "s": "French rump state headed by Philippe Pétain during World War II."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/time-magazine/": {"t": "Time (magazine)", "s": "A weekly news magazine that pioneered telling news through people."}, "https://codexery.com/cellular-biology/e/cellular-biology/cellular-differentiation/": {"t": "Cellular differentiation", "s": "Process where stem cells become specialized cell types."}, "https://codexery.com/pioneers-in-medicine-and-physiology/e/pioneers-in-medicine-and-physiology/michael-debakey/": {"t": "Michael DeBakey", "s": "Cardiovascular surgeon and chair of surgery at Baylor College of Medicine.", "i": "https://codexery.com/pioneers-in-medicine-and-physiology/img/pioneers-in-medicine-and-physiology/michael-debakey.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Baylor College of Medicine · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/european-prime-ministers-and-statesmen/e/european-prime-ministers-and-statesmen/philippe-p-tain/": {"t": "Philippe Pétain", "s": "From hero of Verdun to collaborationist ruler of Vichy France."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism-and-radiation/e/electromagnetism-and-radiation/radiation/": {"t": "Radiation", "s": "Energy emitted as waves or particles through space or matter."}, "/e/medical-pioneers/al-zahrawi/": {"t": "Al-Zahrawi", "s": "Arab surgeon whose encyclopedia guided European medicine for centuries."}, "https://codexery.com/european-monarchs-consorts/e/european-monarchs-and-consorts/henry-ii-of-france/": {"t": "Henry II of France", "s": "King of France who died from a jousting wound."}, "https://codexery.com/european-monarchs-consorts/e/european-monarchs-and-consorts/henry-iii-of-france/": {"t": "Henry III of France", "s": "King of France and Poland, assassinated during the Wars of Religion."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/galen/": {"t": "Galen", "s": "Roman and Greek physician whose medical theories dominated for over 1,300 years."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/factions/house-valois/": {"t": "House Valois", "s": "The Capetian cadet line that held the French crown from 1328 to 1589 and fought the Hundred Years' War.", "i": "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/img/factions/house-valois.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: House of Valois · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/european-religious-and-political-conflic/e/european-religious-and-political-conflicts/huguenots/": {"t": "Huguenots", "s": "French Protestants of the Reformed tradition, persecuted and exiled under Louis XIV."}, "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/e/manufacturing-and-materials/porcelain/": {"t": "Porcelain", "s": "A ceramic material known for its strength, whiteness, and translucency, fired at high temperatures."}, "https://codexery.com/constitutional-and-rights-law/e/constitutional-and-rights-law/pardon/": {"t": "Pardon", "s": "A government decision relieving legal consequences of a criminal conviction.", "i": "https://codexery.com/constitutional-and-rights-law/img/constitutional-and-rights-law/pardon.webp", "c": "Pascal Dagnan-Bouveret · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/ebola/": {"t": "Ebola", "s": "Zoonotic viral hemorrhagic fever with high mortality in humans."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/historical-events-and-places/september-11-attacks/": {"t": "September 11 attacks", "s": "Coordinated al-Qaeda suicide hijackings killed nearly 3,000 people."}, "https://codexery.com/vasculitis/e/vasculitis/polyarteritis-nodosa/": {"t": "Polyarteritis nodosa", "s": "Rare vasculitis of medium arteries; rosary sign aids diagnosis."}, "https://codexery.com/vasculitis/e/vasculitis/granulomatosis-with-polyangiitis/": {"t": "Granulomatosis with polyangiitis", "s": "Rare autoimmune vasculitis affecting respiratory tract and kidneys."}, "https://codexery.com/education-schools/e/education-and-schools/stanford-university/": {"t": "Stanford University", "s": "One of the top education schools in the United States, offering graduate programs in over 25 specializations.", "i": "https://codexery.com/education-schools/img/education-and-schools/stanford-university.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Stanford University · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/vasculitis/e/vasculitis/vasculitis/": {"t": "Vasculitis", "s": "A group of disorders destroying blood vessels through inflammation."}, "https://codexery.com/symptoms-and-signs/e/symptoms-and-signs/seizure/": {"t": "Seizure", "s": "A sudden disruption of brain activity from excessive neuronal firing."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/library-of-congress/": {"t": "Library of Congress", "s": "Oldest federal cultural institution and de facto national library of the United States.", "i": "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/img/media-and-publishing/library-of-congress.webp", "c": "Library of Congress Life · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/georgia-u-s-state/": {"t": "Georgia (U.S. state)", "s": "Southern state, last of the Thirteen Colonies, civil rights hub.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/georgia-u-s-state.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/baptists/": {"t": "Baptists", "s": "Protestant tradition emphasizing believer's baptism and local church autonomy."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/christian-sacred-texts/book-of-proverbs/": {"t": "Book of Proverbs", "s": "A collection of collections on wisdom and moral conduct."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/vietnam-war/": {"t": "Vietnam War", "s": "Cold War proxy war ending in communist victory across Indochina."}, "https://codexery.com/automotive-industry/e/automotive-industry/ford-motor-company/": {"t": "Ford Motor Company", "s": "American automaker that pioneered mass production via assembly lines.", "i": "https://codexery.com/automotive-industry/img/automotive-industry/ford-motor-company.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Automotive industry in Canada · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/automotive-industry/e/automotive-industry/chrysler/": {"t": "Chrysler", "s": "One of the Big 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uploader was Nhamblen at English Wikipedia. · via Wikipedia: Pyrenees · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-spain/e/regions-of-spain/aragon/": {"t": "Aragon", "s": "Autonomous community in northeastern Spain, historic Kingdom of Aragon."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/erasmus/": {"t": "Erasmus", "s": "Dutch humanist and theologian, key figure of the Northern Renaissance."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/toulouse/": {"t": "Toulouse", "s": "The Pink City"}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/protestantism/": {"t": "Protestantism", "s": "Christian movement originating in the 16th-century Protestant Reformation."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires-rulers/e/ancient-empires-rulers/charles-v-holy-roman-emperor/": {"t": "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "s": "Charles V inherited and then led the rising House of Habsburg, ruling a vast collection of European and American territories that 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Shaolin128~commonswiki assumed (based on co · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/islamic-concepts-and-practices/quran/": {"t": "Quran", "s": "Central religious text of Islam, believed to be divine revelation."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/unitarianism/": {"t": "Unitarianism", "s": "Nontrinitarian Christian movement affirming the unitary nature of God."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/nantes/": {"t": "Nantes", "s": "City of the Dukes of Brittany on the Loire"}, "https://codexery.com/medical-procedures-and-treatments/e/medical-procedures-and-treatments/percussion-medicine/": {"t": "Percussion (medicine)", "s": "A tapping technique to assess underlying body structures.", "i": "https://codexery.com/medical-procedures-and-treatments/img/medical-procedures-and-treatments/percussion-medicine.webp", "c": "Stephen Head · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/revolutions-and-uprisings/french-revolution/": {"t": "French Revolution", "s": "The 1789–1799 upheaval that toppled the French monarchy and shaped liberal democracy.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/img/revolutions-and-uprisings/french-revolution.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: French Revolution · see source"}, "/e/medical-pioneers/william-harvey/": {"t": "William Harvey", "s": "English physician who first fully described blood circulation."}, "https://codexery.com/constitutional-law/e/constitutional-law/parole/": {"t": "Parole", "s": "Early release of prisoners under supervision and conditions."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors-of-everyday-objects/e/inventors-of-everyday-objects/charles-f-kettering/": {"t": "Charles F. 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"https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/e/states-and-regions/quebec/": {"t": "Quebec", "s": "Canada's largest province, heart of Francophone culture in North America.", "i": "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/img/states-and-regions/quebec.webp", "c": "Wilfredor · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/indigenous-peoples-of-the-americas/": {"t": "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "s": "Native peoples of the Americas with diverse cultures and languages."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-inventions/e/chinese-inventions/artillery/": {"t": "Artillery", "s": "Ranged weapons launching munitions far beyond infantry firearms."}, "/e/medical-pioneers/william-osler/": {"t": "William Osler", "s": "Canadian physician who created the first residency program for physicians."}, "https://codexery.com/pioneers-of-medicine/e/pioneers-of-medicine/howard-atwood-kelly/": {"t": "Howard Atwood Kelly", "s": "Pioneering gynecologist and one of the 'Big Four' founding professors at Johns Hopkins.", "i": "https://codexery.com/pioneers-of-medicine/img/pioneers-of-medicine/howard-atwood-kelly.webp", "c": "Unknown photographer · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/presbyterianism/": {"t": "Presbyterianism", "s": "A Reformed Protestant tradition rooted in Scotland, emphasizing the sovereignty of God and governance by elders."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/rhode-island/": {"t": "Rhode Island", "s": "Smallest U.S. state, founded as a haven for religious liberty."}, "https://codexery.com/business-tycoons-and-industrialists/e/business-tycoons-and-industrialists/harvey-s-firestone/": {"t": "Harvey S. Firestone", "s": "Founder of Firestone Tire and Rubber Company."}, "/e/medical-pioneers/bernard-peyrilhe/": {"t": "Bernard Peyrilhe", "s": "French surgeon and pioneer in experimental cancer research."}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-metabolism/e/physiology-and-metabolism/hemostasis/": {"t": "Hemostasis", "s": "The body's innate process to stop bleeding and begin wound healing."}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-metabolism/e/physiology-and-metabolism/wound-healing/": {"t": "Wound healing", "s": "A regulated sequence of biochemical events repairing damaged tissue."}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-medicine/e/physiology-and-medicine/thyroid/": {"t": "Thyroid", "s": "Butterfly-shaped gland regulating metabolism and calcium balance.", "i": "https://codexery.com/physiology-medicine/img/physiology-and-medicine/thyroid.webp", "c": "Mikael Häggström , M.D. Author info - Reusing images - Conflicts of interest: No · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/common-diseases-disorders/e/common-diseases-and-disorders/hernia/": {"t": "Hernia", "s": "Abnormal exit of tissue through the wall of its cavity."}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-medicine/e/physiology-and-medicine/aneurysm/": {"t": "Aneurysm", "s": "An abnormal bulging of a blood vessel wall due to a weak spot."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/north-carolina/": {"t": "North Carolina", "s": "State of the first flight and first call for independence."}, "https://codexery.com/common-diseases-disorders/e/common-diseases-and-disorders/gallstone/": {"t": "Gallstone", "s": "Stone formed in gallbladder from precipitated bile components."}, "/e/medical-pioneers/crawford-long/": {"t": "Crawford Long", "s": "First to use inhaled sulfuric ether as an anesthetic in surgery."}, "https://codexery.com/public-health-and-epidemiology/e/public-health-and-epidemiology/public-health/": {"t": "Public health", "s": "Science and art of preventing disease through organized societal efforts."}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-groups/e/ethnic-groups/overseas-chinese/": {"t": "Overseas Chinese", "s": "People of Chinese ancestry living and working outside Greater China."}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/penang/": {"t": "Penang", "s": "Malaysian state, leading exporter, densely populated, culturally diverse."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/singapore/": {"t": "Singapore", "s": "The Lion City, a global hub of trade and finance."}, "https://codexery.com/colonialism-and-exploration/e/colonialism-and-exploration/japanese-invasion-of-manchuria/": {"t": "Japanese invasion of Manchuria", "s": "Japanese Kwantung Army invaded Manchuria after a staged false flag incident."}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/second-sino-japanese-war/": {"t": "Second Sino-Japanese War", "s": "Largest Asian war of the 20th century, intertwined with World War II.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/wars-and-conflicts/second-sino-japanese-war.webp", "c": "Unknown photographer, Ministry of the Navy · via Wikipedia: Second Sino-Japanese War · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/nutrition-and-diet/e/nutrition-and-diet/thiamine-deficiency/": {"t": "Thiamine deficiency", "s": "Low thiamine levels cause beriberi and neurological disorders."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/e/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/yuan-shikai/": {"t": "Yuan Shikai", "s": "Chinese general and statesman who briefly declared himself emperor.", "i": "https://codexery.com/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/img/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/yuan-shikai.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Yuan Shikai · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/tianjin/": {"t": "Tianjin", "s": "A dual-core port city on the Hai River and Bohai Gulf."}, "https://codexery.com/respiratory-infectious-diseases/e/respiratory-and-infectious-diseases/airborne-transmission/": {"t": "Airborne transmission", "s": "Transmission of infectious diseases through small particles suspended in air."}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/mongols/": {"t": "Mongols", "s": "East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia and parts of China and Siberia."}, "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/e/states-and-regions/shandong/": {"t": "Shandong", "s": "Coastal province, cradle of Confucianism and Taoism.", "i": "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/img/states-and-regions/shandong.webp", "c": "Mary Harrsch · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/beijing/": {"t": "Beijing", "s": "The world's most populous national capital, blending millennia of history with cutting-edge innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/universities/e/universities/johns-hopkins-university/": {"t": "Johns Hopkins University", "s": "First U.S. research university, founded by a Quaker philanthropist.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities/img/universities/johns-hopkins-university.webp", "c": "Daderot · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/investigative-journalists-and-editors/e/investigative-journalists-and-editors/thomas-wakley/": {"t": "Thomas Wakley", "s": "English surgeon, reformer, and founding editor of The Lancet."}}