{"/e/media-and-publishing/news/": {"t": "News", "s": "Information about current events across many media and cultures.", "i": "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/img/media-and-publishing/news.webp", "c": "Unknown artist · Public domain"}, "/e/media-and-publishing/news-media/": {"t": "News media", "s": "Mass media delivering news to the public since Renaissance Europe.", "i": "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/img/media-and-publishing/news-media.webp", "c": "Unknown artist · Public domain"}, "/e/media-and-publishing/newspaper/": {"t": "Newspaper", "s": "Periodical publication of current events, often printed on newsprint.", "i": "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/img/media-and-publishing/newspaper.webp", "c": "Freekhou5 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/noun/": {"t": "Noun", "s": "A word denoting an entity, central to grammar across languages."}, "/e/media-and-publishing/mass-media/": {"t": "Mass media", "s": "The definitive guide to mass media: history, classification, and influence.", "i": "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/img/media-and-publishing/mass-media.webp", "c": "huangdan2060 · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/political-systems-elections/e/political-systems-and-elections/freedom-of-speech/": {"t": "Freedom of speech", "s": "A human right to express opinions without fear of retaliation."}, "https://codexery.com/political-systems-elections/e/political-systems-and-elections/freedom-of-the-press/": {"t": "Freedom of the press", "s": "Principle of minimal government censorship over published expression."}, "https://codexery.com/news-media/e/news-media/broadcast-journalism/": {"t": "Broadcast journalism", "s": "Electronic news broadcasting from radio to television to the Internet."}, "https://codexery.com/news-media/e/news-media/citizen-journalism/": {"t": "Citizen journalism", "s": "Ordinary people collect, report, and analyze news outside mainstream media."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/kenya/": {"t": "Kenya", "s": "East African nation with ancient human origins and diverse landscapes."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/somalia/": {"t": "Somalia", "s": "Easternmost country in continental Africa, with a long history of trade and conflict."}, "https://codexery.com/cold-war-conflicts/e/cold-war-conflicts/russo-ukrainian-war-2022-present/": {"t": "Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)", "s": "Largest war in Europe since World War II."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/han-dynasty/": {"t": "Han dynasty", "s": "The golden age that shaped Chinese identity."}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-europe/e/medieval-europe/republic-of-venice/": {"t": "Republic of Venice", "s": "A maritime republic that dominated Mediterranean trade for over a millennium."}, "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/e/manufacturing-and-materials/printing-press/": {"t": "Printing press", "s": "Machine that transfers ink onto materials by applying pressure."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/ming-dynasty/": {"t": "Ming dynasty", "s": "The last Han-led imperial dynasty of China."}, "https://codexery.com/british-empire/e/british-empire/british-empire/": {"t": "British Empire", "s": "The largest empire in history, spanning a quarter of Earth's land."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/russian-empire/": {"t": "Russian Empire", "s": "Third-largest empire in history, spanning northern Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/amsterdam/": {"t": "Amsterdam", "s": "Venice of the North"}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/revolutions-and-uprisings/american-revolution/": {"t": "American Revolution", "s": "Political movement that created the sovereign United States.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/img/revolutions-and-uprisings/american-revolution.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: American Revolution · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/revolutions-and-uprisings/french-revolution/": {"t": "French Revolution", "s": "The 1789–1799 upheaval that toppled the French monarchy and shaped liberal democracy.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/img/revolutions-and-uprisings/french-revolution.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: French Revolution · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/second-world-war/": {"t": "Second World War", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Axis, deadliest in history."}, "https://codexery.com/publishers-and-media-moguls/e/publishers-and-media-moguls/william-randolph-hearst/": {"t": "William Randolph Hearst", "s": "The newspaper magnate who shaped yellow journalism and inspired Citizen Kane."}, "https://codexery.com/publishers-and-media-moguls/e/publishers-and-media-moguls/joseph-pulitzer/": {"t": "Joseph Pulitzer", "s": "The Hungarian-American publisher who revolutionized journalism and endowed the Pulitzer Prizes."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/radio-broadcasting/": {"t": "Radio broadcasting", "s": "Transmission of audio signals via radio waves to receivers."}, "/e/media-and-publishing/publishing/": {"t": "Publishing", "s": "Industry making content available to the public in print and digital forms."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/mail/": {"t": "Mail", "s": "A system for physically transporting letters and parcels."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/social-media/": {"t": "Social media", "s": "Interactive platforms for creating, sharing, and networking content."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/search-engine/": {"t": "Search engine", "s": "A system indexing web content for user queries."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/journal-des-s-avans/": {"t": "Journal des sçavans", "s": "The earliest academic journal in Europe, now a leading voice in French humanities."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/jean-paul-marat/": {"t": "Jean-Paul Marat", "s": "Radical journalist and martyr of the French Revolution"}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/leaders-and-monarchs/mahmud-ii/": {"t": "Mahmud II", "s": "Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1808 to 1839, known for extensive reforms and the abolition of the Janissary Corps."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors/e/great-inventors/benjamin-franklin/": {"t": "Benjamin Franklin", "s": "Founding Father, scientist, inventor, and diplomat.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inventors/img/great-inventors/benjamin-franklin.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Benjamin Franklin · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/thomas-paine/": {"t": "Thomas Paine", "s": "The firebrand pamphleteer who ignited revolutions on both sides of the Atlantic."}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-british-empire/e/rebellions-against-the-british-empire/american-revolutionary-war/": {"t": "American Revolutionary War", "s": "Armed conflict that secured American independence from British rule.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-british-empire/img/rebellions-against-the-british-empire/american-revolutionary-war.webp", "c": "EgorovaSvetlana · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/harper-s-magazine/": {"t": "Harper's Magazine", "s": "The oldest continuously published monthly magazine in the United States."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/the-atlantic/": {"t": "The Atlantic", "s": "A literary magazine turned general-interest publication.", "i": "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/img/magazines-and-newspapers/the-atlantic.webp", "c": "PCN02WPS · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/literary-novels-and-classics/e/literary-novels-and-classics/moby-dick/": {"t": "Moby-Dick", "s": "Herman Melville’s 1851 novel Moby-Dick; or, The Whale follows the sailor Ishmael as he recounts Captain Ahab’s obsessive hunt for the white sperm whale that tor", "i": "https://codexery.com/literary-novels-and-classics/img/literary-novels-and-classics/moby-dick.webp", "c": "Herman Melville · Public domain"}, "/e/media-and-publishing/magazine/": {"t": "Magazine", "s": "A periodical storehouse of information, from print to digital.", "i": "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/img/media-and-publishing/magazine.webp", "c": "Slobodan D. Živojinović · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-recreation/e/sports-and-recreation/entertainment/": {"t": "Entertainment", "s": "A broad activity engaging audiences through pleasure, insight, and cultural expression."}, "/e/media-and-publishing/propaganda/": {"t": "Propaganda", "s": "Communication used to influence audiences and further an agenda."}, "https://codexery.com/society-and-culture/e/society-and-culture/public-relations/": {"t": "Public relations", "s": "Managing information to shape public perception and build relationships."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/political-communication/": {"t": "Political communication", "s": "Study of messaging in politics across media and history."}, "/e/media-and-publishing/journalism/": {"t": "Journalism", "s": "Journalism informs society through verified reports on events and ideas.", "i": "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/img/media-and-publishing/journalism.webp", "c": "Niccolò Caranti · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/computing-digital/e/computing-and-digital/computing/": {"t": "Computing", "s": "Goal-oriented activity involving computing machinery and algorithmic processes."}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts/e/economic-concepts/economics/": {"t": "Economics", "s": "Social science studying production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.", "i": "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts/img/economic-concepts/economics.webp", "c": "Pk0001 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/crime-justice/e/crime-and-justice/law/": {"t": "Law", "s": "Rules enforced by institutions to regulate behavior."}, "https://codexery.com/hindu-and-buddhist-terms/e/hindu-and-buddhist-terms/diamond-sutra/": {"t": "Diamond Sutra", "s": "Oldest printed book and key Mahayana sutra in East Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/television/": {"t": "Television", "s": "A telecommunication medium for transmitting moving images and sound."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/video/": {"t": "Video", "s": "Electronic medium for recording and displaying moving visual images."}, "/e/media-and-publishing/time-magazine/": {"t": "Time (magazine)", "s": "A weekly news magazine that pioneered telling news through people."}, "https://codexery.com/french-inventions/e/french-inventions/animation/": {"t": "Animation", "s": "Animation creates the illusion of life through sequenced images."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines/e/magazines/variety-magazine/": {"t": "Variety (magazine)", "s": "American trade magazine covering entertainment since 1905."}, "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/e/manufacturing-and-materials/photography/": {"t": "Photography", "s": "Drawing with light: capturing images through chemical or electronic means."}, "https://codexery.com/theatre-and-performance/e/theatre-and-performance/performing-arts/": {"t": "Performing arts", "s": "Live performance across theatre, dance, music, and more."}, "https://codexery.com/sensory-systems/e/sensory-systems/taste/": {"t": "Taste", "s": "The sensory system for perceiving taste, primarily via tongue taste buds."}, "https://codexery.com/film-history/e/film-history/special-effect/": {"t": "Special effect", "s": "Illusions and visual tricks for theater, film, and digital media."}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-recreation/e/sports-and-recreation/video-game/": {"t": "Video game", "s": "Electronic games with visual feedback from a display device."}, "https://codexery.com/automotive-industry/e/automotive-industry/ford-motor-company/": {"t": "Ford Motor Company", "s": "American automaker that pioneered mass production via assembly lines.", "i": "https://codexery.com/automotive-industry/img/automotive-industry/ford-motor-company.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Automotive industry in Canada · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/automotive-industry/e/automotive-industry/general-motors/": {"t": "General Motors", "s": "American-owned automaker operating in Canada since 1918.", "i": "https://codexery.com/automotive-industry/img/automotive-industry/general-motors.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Automotive industry in Canada · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/chemical-bonding-and-structure/e/chemical-bonding-and-structure/molecular-modelling/": {"t": "Molecular modelling", "s": "Methods to model molecular behaviour at the atomistic level."}, "https://codexery.com/pokemon-games/e/pokemon-games/pok-mon-go/": {"t": "Pokémon Go", "s": "An augmented reality mobile game that popularized location-based gaming."}, "https://codexery.com/royalty-and-heads-of-state/e/royalty-and-heads-of-state/emmanuel-macron/": {"t": "Emmanuel Macron", "s": "French president since 2017, youngest in nation's history.", "i": "https://codexery.com/royalty-and-heads-of-state/img/royalty-and-heads-of-state/emmanuel-macron.webp", "c": "The Kremlin, Moscow · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/political-leaders-revolutionaries/e/political-leaders-and-revolutionaries/charles-de-gaulle/": {"t": "Charles de Gaulle", "s": "French general and statesman who led Free France and founded the Fifth Republic."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/france/": {"t": "France", "s": "A global centre of art, science, cuisine and philosophy."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/first-indochina-war/": {"t": "First Indochina War", "s": "A conflict from 1946 to 1954 between France and the Viet Minh, ending with French withdrawal and the division of Vietnam."}, "https://codexery.com/european-prime-ministers-and-statesmen/e/european-prime-ministers-and-statesmen/pierre-laval/": {"t": "Pierre Laval", "s": "French politician and prime minister executed for Nazi collaboration"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/jean-paul-sartre/": {"t": "Jean-Paul Sartre", "s": "French existentialist philosopher, political activist, and writer"}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/vietnam-war/": {"t": "Vietnam War", "s": "Cold War proxy war ending in communist victory across Indochina."}, "/e/media-and-publishing/the-new-york-times/": {"t": "The New York Times", "s": "The Gray Lady, a U.S."}, "https://codexery.com/news-media/e/news-media/agence-france-presse/": {"t": "Agence France-Presse", "s": "The world's oldest news agency, providing fast, impartial, and verified global coverage.", "i": "https://codexery.com/news-media/img/news-media/agence-france-presse.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Agence France-Presse · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/finance-and-investment/e/finance-and-investment/convertible-bond/": {"t": "Convertible bond", "s": "Hybrid bond convertible into equity shares."}, "https://codexery.com/political-and-social-theorists/e/political-and-social-theorists/pierre-bourdieu/": {"t": "Pierre Bourdieu", "s": "French sociologist and public intellectual known for concepts such as habitus, field, and cultural capital."}, "/e/media-and-publishing/nature-journal/": {"t": "Nature (journal)", "s": "British weekly journal of peer-reviewed natural science research.", "i": "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/img/media-and-publishing/nature-journal.webp", "c": "Salwa Farwaneh · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/washington-d-c/": {"t": "Washington, D.C.", "s": "The federal capital city of the United States, anchored on the Potomac River."}, "https://codexery.com/other-geographic-features/e/other-geographic-features/physical-geography/": {"t": "Physical geography", "s": "The branch of natural science dealing with Earth's natural environment and its processes."}, "https://codexery.com/spatial-analysis-gis/e/spatial-analysis-and-gis/human-geography/": {"t": "Human geography", "s": "Study of spatial relationships between human communities and their environments."}, "https://codexery.com/phantom-places-discovery/e/phantom-places-and-discovery/geography/": {"t": "Geography", "s": "Geography is the study of Earth's lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena."}, "https://codexery.com/egyptian-inventions/e/egyptian-inventions/bookbinding/": {"t": "Bookbinding", "s": "A skilled trade combining paper, textile, and leather crafts."}, "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/e/corporations-and-conglomerates/the-walt-disney-company/": {"t": "The Walt Disney Company", "s": "American multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate.", "i": "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/img/corporations-and-conglomerates/the-walt-disney-company.webp", "c": "Disney Enterprises, Inc. · via Wikipedia: The Walt Disney Company · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/soviet-union/": {"t": "Soviet Union", "s": "The world's flagship communist state and a superpower spanning Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/historical-events-and-places/space-race/": {"t": "Space Race", "s": "Cold War competition for spaceflight supremacy between the US and USSR."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors/e/great-inventors/alexander-graham-bell/": {"t": "Alexander Graham Bell", "s": "Inventor of the first practical telephone and pioneer in sound transmission.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inventors/img/great-inventors/alexander-graham-bell.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Alexander Graham Bell honors and tributes · see source"}, "/e/media-and-publishing/photojournalism/": {"t": "Photojournalism", "s": "Images that inform, connect, and document with journalistic integrity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/img/media-and-publishing/photojournalism.webp", "c": "Mostafameraji · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-mexico/e/world-heritage-sites-in-mexico/el-taj-n/": {"t": "El Tajín", "s": "Major Classic-era Mesoamerican city with unique niche architecture.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-mexico/img/world-heritage-sites-in-mexico/el-taj-n.webp", "c": "Juan Carlos Fonseca Mata · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/education-schools/e/education-and-schools/research-library/": {"t": "Research library", "s": "In-depth collections for scholarly discovery."}, "https://codexery.com/architectural-landmarks/e/architectural-landmarks/united-states-capitol/": {"t": "United States Capitol", "s": "Seat of the California state government in Sacramento.", "i": "https://codexery.com/architectural-landmarks/img/architectural-landmarks/united-states-capitol.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: California State Capitol · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/e/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/james-madison/": {"t": "James Madison", "s": "Scholar of peasant resistance and state power", "i": "https://codexery.com/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/img/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/james-madison.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: James C. Scott · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/political-systems-elections/e/political-systems-and-elections/federal-government-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "Federal government of the United States", "s": "National government of the United States, established by the Constitution."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/francis-bacon/": {"t": "Francis Bacon", "s": "English philosopher and statesman, father of empiricism, and founder of the scientific method."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/abraham-lincoln/": {"t": "Abraham Lincoln", "s": "16th president who led the Union through the Civil War and abolished slavery."}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-united-states/e/rebellions-against-the-united-states/american-civil-war/": {"t": "American Civil War", "s": "Civil war between the Union and Confederacy over slavery and secession."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/explorers/john-d-rockefeller/": {"t": "John D. Rockefeller", "s": "Oil magnate and philanthropist who founded Standard Oil and shaped modern philanthropy.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/explorers/john-d-rockefeller.webp", "c": "Published by Scientific American Compiling Dep't, New York. 1907. · via Wikipedia: John D. Rockefeller · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/franklin-d-roosevelt/": {"t": "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "s": "32nd US president who led the nation through the Great Depression and World War II."}, "/e/media-and-publishing/science-journal/": {"t": "Science (journal)", "s": "Peer-reviewed journal of the AAAS, covering all scientific disciplines."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/german-language/": {"t": "German language", "s": "German, known natively as Deutsch (pronounced [dɔɪ̯tʃ]), belongs to the West Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family and is spoken primarily across"}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/french-language/": {"t": "French language", "s": "A Romance language of the Indo-European family, descended from Vulgar Latin and shaped by Celtic and Frankish influences."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/english-language/": {"t": "English language", "s": "A West Germanic language that became the world's lingua franca."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/isaac-newton/": {"t": "Isaac Newton", "s": "English polymath who formulated laws of motion and universal gravitation."}, "https://codexery.com/scientists-and-mathematicians/e/scientists-and-mathematicians/charles-darwin/": {"t": "Charles Darwin", "s": "English naturalist, geologist, and biologist who proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection."}, "https://codexery.com/literary-giants/e/literary-giants/william-wordsworth/": {"t": "William Wordsworth", "s": "English Romantic poet and co-founder of the Romantic Age", "i": "https://codexery.com/literary-giants/img/literary-giants/william-wordsworth.webp", "c": "Benjamin Haydon · via Wikipedia: William Wordsworth · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/herbert-spencer/": {"t": "Herbert Spencer", "s": "Polymath who coined 'survival of the fittest' and applied evolution broadly.", "i": "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/img/philosophers-and-thinkers/herbert-spencer.webp", "c": "not stated · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/tokyo/": {"t": "Tokyo", "s": "The capital of Japan, a global hub of economy, culture, and innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/modern-metropolis/hong-kong/": {"t": "Hong Kong", "s": "Asia's world city, a global financial hub."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/enrico-fermi/": {"t": "Enrico Fermi", "s": "Architect of the nuclear age and the atomic bomb."}, "https://codexery.com/science-measurement/e/science-and-measurement/magnetic-resonance-imaging/": {"t": "Magnetic resonance imaging", "s": "Medical imaging technique using magnetic fields and radio waves.", "i": "https://codexery.com/science-measurement/img/science-and-measurement/magnetic-resonance-imaging.webp", "c": "UCSF Health · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/e/manufacturing-and-materials/printing/": {"t": "Printing", "s": "Printing enabled mass reproduction of text and images."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/telecommunications/": {"t": "Telecommunications", "s": "Transmission of information over distance by electrical or electronic means."}, "https://codexery.com/violence-conflict/e/violence-and-conflict/war/": {"t": "War", "s": "Armed conflict between states or organized groups, often for political aims."}, "https://codexery.com/forms-of-government/e/forms-of-government/government/": {"t": "Government", "s": "System or group leading a state with socially acceptable force."}, "https://codexery.com/government-and-law/e/government-and-law/politics/": {"t": "Politics", "s": "Activity of settling affairs in an organized society via government."}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts/e/economic-concepts/economy/": {"t": "Economy", "s": "A social domain of production, distribution, trade, and consumption.", "i": "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts/img/economic-concepts/economy.webp", "c": "France. Ambassade (U.S.). Service de presse et d'information, France. 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Published by Viking Press. · via Wikipedia: Saul Bellow · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/roald-dahl/": {"t": "Roald Dahl", "s": "British author of children's literature whose works were controversially expurgated by Puffin Books in 2023.", "i": "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/img/authors-and-poets/roald-dahl.webp", "c": "Carl Van Vechten · via Wikipedia: Roald Dahl · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/margaret-atwood/": {"t": "Margaret Atwood", "s": "Canadian author of The Handmaid's Tale and inventor.", "i": "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/img/authors-and-poets/margaret-atwood.webp", "c": "Collision Conf · via Wikipedia: Margaret Atwood · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fictional-fairies/e/fictional-fairies/femlin/": {"t": "Femlin", "s": "Mischievous sprites from Playboy's Party Jokes page."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/esquire-magazine/": {"t": "Esquire (magazine)", "s": "The magazine for men."}, "https://codexery.com/actors-filmmakers/e/actors-and-filmmakers/marilyn-monroe/": {"t": "Marilyn Monroe", "s": "American actress; top-billed Hollywood star of the 1950s and early 1960s.", "i": "https://codexery.com/actors-filmmakers/img/actors-and-filmmakers/marilyn-monroe.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Death of Marilyn Monroe · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/ray-bradbury/": {"t": "Ray Bradbury", "s": "American author who wrote the story he considered the essence of his work.", "i": "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/img/authors-and-poets/ray-bradbury.webp", "c": "John Mathew Smith & www.celebrity-photos.com · via Wikipedia: Ray Bradbury · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/mystery-and-thriller-writers/e/mystery-and-thriller-writers/john-le-carr/": {"t": "John le Carré", "s": "English author and former intelligence officer."}, "https://codexery.com/amateur-radio-people/e/amateur-radio-people/jean-shepherd/": {"t": "Jean Shepherd", "s": "Storyteller, radio personality, and co-writer of A Christmas Story."}, "https://codexery.com/women-poets-and-journalists/e/women-poets-and-journalists/anne-sexton/": {"t": "Anne Sexton", "s": "Confessional poet who transformed personal pain into Pulitzer Prize-winning verse."}, "https://codexery.com/nobel-and-booker-prize-laureates/e/nobel-and-booker-prize-laureates/nadine-gordimer/": {"t": "Nadine Gordimer", "s": "South African writer and anti-apartheid activist, Nobel laureate.", "i": "https://codexery.com/nobel-and-booker-prize-laureates/img/nobel-and-booker-prize-laureates/nadine-gordimer.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Nadine Gordimer · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/penthouse-magazine/": {"t": "Penthouse (magazine)", "s": "The provocative men's magazine that challenged Playboy.", "i": "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/img/magazines-and-newspapers/penthouse-magazine.webp", "c": "HQA02330 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/catholic-church/": {"t": "Catholic Church", "s": "The largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.41 billion baptized members.", "i": "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/img/branches-of-christianity/catholic-church.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Christianity by country · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/social-scientists-and-sociologists/e/social-scientists-and-sociologists/harold-lasswell/": {"t": "Harold Lasswell", "s": "Pioneer of political psychology, content analysis, and the policy sciences."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/historical-eras/new-kingdom-of-egypt/": {"t": "New Kingdom of Egypt", "s": "The most prosperous and powerful era of ancient Egypt.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/img/historical-eras/new-kingdom-of-egypt.webp", "c": "ArdadN, 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"Albrecht Dürer · via Wikipedia: Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/military-commanders-of-the-world-wars/e/military-commanders-of-the-world-wars/erich-ludendorff/": {"t": "Erich Ludendorff", "s": "German general and politician who dominated World War I strategy and later promoted nationalist myths.", "i": "https://codexery.com/military-commanders-of-the-world-wars/img/military-commanders-of-the-world-wars/erich-ludendorff.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Erich Ludendorff · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/german-empire/e/german-empire/history-of-germany-during-world-war-i/": {"t": "History of Germany during World War I", "s": "German Empire fought as Central Power, ended with revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/joseph-goebbels/": {"t": "Joseph Goebbels", "s": "Nazi propagandist and Reich Minister of Propaganda."}, "https://codexery.com/film-theater/e/film-and-theater/leni-riefenstahl/": {"t": "Leni Riefenstahl", "s": 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"i": "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/img/universities-and-colleges/harvard-university.webp", "c": "Daderot · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/new-england/": {"t": "New England", "s": "Six-state region in northeastern U.S. with strong cultural identity."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/fortune-magazine/": {"t": "Fortune (magazine)", "s": "The Ideal Super-Class Magazine"}, "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/e/corporations-and-conglomerates/standard-oil/": {"t": "Standard Oil", "s": "Corporate trust that dominated the American oil industry."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/people-magazine/": {"t": "People (magazine)", "s": "The weekly magazine that focuses on people, not issues.", "i": "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/img/magazines-and-newspapers/people-magazine.webp", "c": "Elizabeth Shippen Green · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/performing-arts-crafts/e/performing-arts-and-crafts/haute-couture/": {"t": "Haute couture", "s": "The pinnacle of custom-fitted, high-end fashion design, originating in Paris."}, "https://codexery.com/companies-and-conglomerates/e/companies-and-conglomerates/cond-nast/": {"t": "Condé Nast", "s": "A global mass media company with iconic brands in fashion, culture, and lifestyle.", "i": "https://codexery.com/companies-and-conglomerates/img/companies-and-conglomerates/cond-nast.webp", "c": "Anthony22 at English Wikipedia · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/publishers-and-media-moguls/e/publishers-and-media-moguls/anna-wintour/": {"t": "Anna Wintour", "s": "The most powerful woman in publishing, shaping fashion from Vogue's helm."}, "https://codexery.com/philanthropists-and-socialites/e/philanthropists-and-socialites/cond-nast-businessman/": {"t": "Condé Nast (businessman)", "s": "Founder of Condé Nast, publisher of Vogue and Vanity Fair."}, 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"https://codexery.com/women-in-entertainment/img/women-in-entertainment/twiggy.webp", "c": "Acabashi · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/celebrity-entertainers/e/celebrity-entertainers/kendall-jenner/": {"t": "Kendall Jenner", "s": "Model, media personality, and reality TV star known for Keeping Up with the Kardashians and The Kardashians.", "i": "https://codexery.com/celebrity-entertainers/img/celebrity-entertainers/kendall-jenner.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Caitlyn Jenner · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/forms-of-government/e/forms-of-government/president-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "President of the United States", "s": "Head of state and government of the United States."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines/e/magazines/vanity-fair-magazine/": {"t": "Vanity Fair (magazine)", "s": "American monthly magazine of popular culture, fashion, and current affairs."}, "https://codexery.com/vocal-harmony-groups/e/vocal-harmony-groups/toots-and-the-maytals/": {"t": "Toots and the Maytals", "s": "Jamaican vocal group that coined the term 'reggae'.", "i": "https://codexery.com/vocal-harmony-groups/img/vocal-harmony-groups/toots-and-the-maytals.webp", "c": "User:Carstor · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/e/international-law-and-diplomacy/supreme-court-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "Supreme Court of the United States", "s": "Highest federal court with ultimate appellate and original jurisdiction.", "i": "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/img/international-law-and-diplomacy/supreme-court-of-the-united-states.webp", "c": "Original:  Optimager Vector:  Ipankonin · via Wikipedia: Supreme Court of the United States · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/legal-concepts-doctrines/e/legal-concepts-and-doctrines/defamation/": {"t": "Defamation", "s": "Legal remedy for injury to reputation, honour, or dignity."}, "https://codexery.com/political-systems-elections/e/political-systems-and-elections/first-amendment-to-the-united-states-constitution/": {"t": "First Amendment to the United States Constitution", "s": "First Amendment protects religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition."}, "https://codexery.com/investigative-journalists-and-editors/e/investigative-journalists-and-editors/horace-greeley/": {"t": "Horace Greeley", "s": "Founder of the New-York Tribune and 1872 presidential candidate.", "i": "https://codexery.com/investigative-journalists-and-editors/img/investigative-journalists-and-editors/horace-greeley.webp", "c": "Statue by Alexander Doyle photo by Ingfbruno · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/historical-events-and-places/sinking-of-the-titanic/": {"t": "Sinking of the Titanic", "s": "Minimalist composition imagining the Titanic band's music reverberating underwater."}, "https://codexery.com/stock-markets-finance/e/stock-markets-and-finance/stock-exchange/": {"t": "Stock exchange", "s": "A marketplace for trading securities, evolving from open outcry to electronic networks."}, "https://codexery.com/boxing-legends/e/boxing-legends/john-l-sullivan/": {"t": "John L. Sullivan", "s": "First gloved heavyweight champion and last bare-knuckle titleholder."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/the-boston-globe/": {"t": "The Boston Globe", "s": "One of the nation's most prestigious papers"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/explorers/howard-hughes/": {"t": "Howard Hughes", "s": "Aviator, filmmaker, and business magnate who shaped aviation and Hollywood.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/explorers/howard-hughes.webp", "c": "Acme Newspictures · via Wikipedia: Howard Hughes · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/europe/": {"t": "Europe", "s": "Second-smallest continent, birthplace of Western civilisation and European Union."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/asia/": {"t": "Asia", "s": "Largest continent by area and population, cradle of many civilisations."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/latin-america/": {"t": "Latin America", "s": "The cultural region of the Americas where Romance languages are predominantly spoken.", "i": "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/img/countries-and-regions/latin-america.webp", "c": "Henrykez · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/corporations/e/corporations/news-corporation/": {"t": "News Corporation", "s": "Rupert Murdoch's media conglomerate split into two companies in 2013.", "i": "https://codexery.com/corporations/img/corporations/news-corporation.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: News Corporation · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/financial-times/": {"t": "Financial Times", "s": "We Live in Financial Times"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/explorers/rupert-murdoch/": {"t": "Rupert Murdoch", "s": "Australian-born American media mogul and former business magnate", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/explorers/rupert-murdoch.webp", "c": "Eva Rinaldi · via Wikipedia: Rupert Murdoch · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/investigative-journalists-and-editors/e/investigative-journalists-and-editors/stilson-hutchins/": {"t": "Stilson Hutchins", "s": "Founder of The Washington Post and Democratic Party publisher."}, "/e/media-and-publishing/the-wall-street-journal/": {"t": "The Wall Street Journal", "s": "American business newspaper, newspaper of record, center-right editorial page."}, "https://codexery.com/publishers-and-media-moguls/e/publishers-and-media-moguls/katharine-graham/": {"t": "Katharine Graham", "s": "Publisher who steered The Washington Post through Watergate and became a pioneering female media executive."}, "https://codexery.com/journalists-and-media-personalities/e/journalists-and-media-personalities/bob-woodward/": {"t": "Bob Woodward", "s": "Investigative journalist who, with Carl Bernstein, uncovered the Watergate scandal.", "i": "https://codexery.com/journalists-and-media-personalities/img/journalists-and-media-personalities/bob-woodward.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Carl Bernstein · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/journalists-and-media-personalities/e/journalists-and-media-personalities/carl-bernstein/": {"t": "Carl Bernstein", "s": "Investigative journalist who helped uncover the Watergate scandal.", "i": "https://codexery.com/journalists-and-media-personalities/img/journalists-and-media-personalities/carl-bernstein.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Carl Bernstein · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/explorers/jeff-bezos/": {"t": "Jeff Bezos", "s": "Founder of Amazon, Blue Origin, and owner of The Washington Post.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/explorers/jeff-bezos.webp", "c": "SECWAR · via Wikipedia: Jeff Bezos · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/seoul/": {"t": "Seoul", "s": "The dynamic capital of South Korea, blending ancient history with cutting-edge modernity."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/baghdad/": {"t": "Baghdad", "s": "Center of Learning"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/beijing/": {"t": "Beijing", "s": "The world's most populous national capital, blending millennia of history with cutting-edge innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/beirut/": {"t": "Beirut", "s": "Capital and largest city of Lebanon, ancient port and economic hub."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/berlin/": {"t": "Berlin", "s": "The heart of Europe, a city of culture and history."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/brussels/": {"t": "Brussels", "s": "The capital of Belgium and de facto capital of the European Union."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/cairo/": {"t": "Cairo", "s": "The city of a thousand minarets"}, "https://codexery.com/capital-cities-of-africa/e/capital-cities-of-africa/dakar/": {"t": "Dakar", "s": "Capital of Senegal, westernmost point of mainland Africa"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/istanbul/": {"t": "Istanbul", "s": "A city on two continents, bridging Europe and Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism-and-radiation/e/electromagnetism-and-radiation/radio-frequency/": {"t": "Radio frequency", "s": "Oscillation rate enabling radio wave radiation and technology."}, "https://codexery.com/amateur-radio/e/amateur-radio/station-identification/": {"t": "Station identification", "s": "On-air identification satisfies licensing, branding, or both."}, "https://codexery.com/satellite-navigation-and-gps/e/satellite-navigation-and-gps/global-positioning-system/": {"t": "Global Positioning System", "s": "A satellite navigation system providing global positioning and timing."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors/e/great-inventors/john-logie-baird/": {"t": "John Logie Baird", "s": "Scottish inventor who demonstrated the first mechanical television system on 26 January 1926.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inventors/img/great-inventors/john-logie-baird.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: John Logie Baird · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/news-media/e/news-media/broadcast-syndication/": {"t": "Broadcast syndication", "s": "Licensing content to stations without a network."}, "https://codexery.com/rf-connectors-and-coax/e/rf-connectors-and-coax/coaxial-cable/": {"t": "Coaxial cable", "s": "Coaxial cable is an unbalanced transmission line for high-frequency signals.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rf-connectors-and-coax/img/rf-connectors-and-coax/coaxial-cable.webp", "c": "Ohgud.kibn7ewyu2 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/radio-electronics/e/radio-electronics/repeater/": {"t": "Repeater", "s": "A device that receives and retransmits a signal to extend range.", "i": "https://codexery.com/radio-electronics/img/radio-electronics/repeater.webp", "c": "Geographer · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/radio-manufacturers/e/radio-manufacturers/general-electric/": {"t": "General Electric", "s": "American conglomerate formed from Edison and Thomson-Houston merger in 1892."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/midwestern-united-states/": {"t": "Midwestern United States", "s": "A north-central U.S. region of industry, agriculture, and political swing states."}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/indigenous-peoples-in-canada/": {"t": "Indigenous peoples in Canada", "s": "Indigenous peoples in Canada: First Nations, Inuit, and Métis."}, "https://codexery.com/adventure-games-set-in-outer-space/e/adventure-games-set-in-outer-space/starship-titanic/": {"t": "Starship Titanic", "s": "A graphic adventure game by Douglas Adams with a text-parser."}, "https://codexery.com/adventure-games-set-in-outer-space/e/adventure-games-set-in-outer-space/the-hitchhiker-s-guide-to-the-galaxy-video-game/": {"t": "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (video game)", "s": "Text adventure based on Douglas Adams' comedic sci-fi series."}, "https://codexery.com/comedy-legends/e/comedy-legends/stephen-fry/": {"t": "Stephen Fry", "s": "English actor, comedian, writer, and broadcaster knighted in 2025.", "i": "https://codexery.com/comedy-legends/img/comedy-legends/stephen-fry.webp", "c": "Elena Ternovaja · via Wikipedia: Stephen Fry · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/lewis-carroll/": {"t": "Lewis Carroll", "s": "English author, poet, mathematician, photographer, and Anglican deacon known for Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and literary nonsense."}, "https://codexery.com/instruments/e/musical-instruments/the-banjo/": {"t": "The Banjo", "s": "A stringed instrument with African roots, central to American folk and bluegrass."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/writers/jonathan-pryce/": {"t": "Jonathan Pryce", "s": "Welsh actor and knighted stage and screen star."}, "https://codexery.com/european-scientific-pioneers/e/european-scientific-pioneers/stephen-hawking/": {"t": "Stephen Hawking", "s": "English theoretical astrophysicist who predicted Hawking radiation.", "i": "https://codexery.com/european-scientific-pioneers/img/european-scientific-pioneers/stephen-hawking.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Stephen Hawking · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/rolling-stone/": {"t": "Rolling Stone", "s": "All the news that fits"}, "https://codexery.com/boardgames/e/board-games/scrabble/": {"t": "Scrabble", "s": "Every man dies; not every man truly Scrabbles.", "i": "https://codexery.com/boardgames/img/board-games/scrabble.webp", "c": "Zintosch7 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/modern-leading-men-women/e/modern-leading-men-and-women/sam-rockwell/": {"t": "Sam Rockwell", "s": "American actor; Academy Award-winning performance in Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/earth/": {"t": "Earth", "s": "The only known planet with liquid surface water and life."}}