Japanese Ghosts Codexery — Data & Quality

We publish our audit record because accuracy claims should be checkable. Every entry on this site runs through an automated fact-audit pipeline (accuracy audit → source-grounded repair → visual QA); this page is generated from that pipeline's own report, not written by hand.

Last full accuracy audit: 2026-09-10 · 21 entries checked · 16 flagged · 36 issues confirmed · 16 corrected · 20 still open

Recent findings (audit lane, verbatim)

Ayakashi (yōkai) — The entry states that in Yamaguchi and Saga Prefectures, ayakashi are called funayūrei, but funayūrei is a distinct type of yōkai (the ghost of a person who died at sea) and is not a synonym for ayakashi in those regions; ayakashi is a broader term for ghost l

Bake-kujira — The claim that a local fishing chief said a true whale skeleton would be '100 meters long' is factually incorrect, as the largest whale species, the blue whale, reaches about 30 meters, not 100 meters.

Dōsojin — The claim that Dōsojin are 'particularly' limited to eastern Japan is misleading, as they are also widespread in western Japan.

Dōsojin — The name 'Shakujin' is not a standard alternative name for Dōsojin; it typically refers to stone deities or a different class of kami.

Gashadokuro — The claim that the Gashadokuro is a 'modern' creature from Japanese folklore is misleading; it is a yōkai from traditional folklore, though its name and specific form became popularized in modern times.

Gashadokuro — The statement that the corpse becomes the Gashadokuro while the spirit becomes a separate yōkai called hidarugami is not part of widely-known canon; hidarugami is a different yōkai (a tongue-licking spirit) and not traditionally linked to Gashadokuro.

Goryō — The entry states 'Sugawara no Michizane was killed in a plot by a rival member of the Fujiwara clan.' Michizane died of illness in exile, not killed directly, so this phrasing is factually misleading.

Goryō — The entry says 'his chief Fujiwara adversary and Emperor Daigo's crown prince died.' The chief Fujiwara adversary (Fujiwara no Tokihira) died in 909, and Emperor Daigo's crown prince (Prince Yasuakira) died in 923, not shortly after Michizane's death as implie

Hitodama — The entry states that hitodama appear in the Man'yōshū (Chapter 16) in a poem about a rainy night, but the Man'yōshū is divided into 20 volumes (maki), not numbered chapters, and there is no widely-known poem in volume 16 that explicitly describes hitodama as

Hitodama — The entry contains a cut-off sentence claiming folklore states that for those who have not seen a tamase by the time they are 28 years old, but this specific age (28) is not a standard, widely-known piece of folklore about tamase and appears to be invented or

Hungry ghost — The entry states 'The Yulanpen Festival is held to honor hungry ghosts, with food and drink put out to satisfy their needs.' This is inaccurate because the festival's primary purpose is to rescue ancestors and suffering beings from torment through the transfer

Hungry ghost — The entry says 'Hungry ghosts arise from people whose deaths have been violent or unhappy, or from neglect or desertion of ancestors.' This conflates folk belief with Buddhist canon, where rebirth as a hungry ghost is specifically due to karmic causes like gre

Inugami — The entry states that belief in inugami was firmly rooted until recent years in 'eastern Ōita Prefecture, Shimane Prefecture, and parts of Kōchi Prefecture in northern Shikoku.' However, Kōchi Prefecture is in southern Shikoku, not northern Shikoku.

Inugami — The entry claims that in Yamaga, Hayami District, Ōita Prefecture, a miko 'cut off dog heads, dried the maggots that gathered, and sold them as inugami.' This specific detail about a miko selling dried maggots is not a widely established fact in standard folkl

Open data

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Corrections

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