Epstein–Barr virus–associated lymphoproliferative diseases
EBV+ LPD: from benign hyperplasia to malignancy, driven by viral latency and immune status.
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Epstein–Barr virus–associated lymphoproliferative diseases (EBV+ LPD) are a group of disorders in which lymphoid cells (B cells, T cells, NK cells, and histiocytic-dendritic cells) are infected with the Epstein–Barr virus, causing excessive cell division and associated with non-cancerous, pre-cancerous, and cancerous lymphoproliferative disorders.
Background
EBV is a Group I double-stranded DNA virus spread via oral/nasal secretions. It infects naïve B cells in submucosal lymphoid tissue, establishing lytic or latency phases. The virus may exit B cells to infect T cells (including natural killer T cells, gamma delta T cells, cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells, and follicular B helper T cells) and NK cells, though the means by which it infects histiocytic-dendritic cells is unclear. EBV+ LPD are classified into five categories per the 2016 WHO revision: EBV-associated reactive lymphoid proliferations, B cell lymphoproliferative disorders, NK/T cell lymphoproliferative disorders, immunodeficiency-related lymphoproliferative disorders, and histiocytic-dendritic disorders.
Did You Know?
- About 50% of five-year-old children and 90% of adults have evidence of past EBV infection.
- EBV can establish latency 0 in memory B cells, expressing only EBER genes, and remain dormant but capable of reverting to lytic phase.
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Sources
Compiled from Wikipedia and the sources listed below. Text from Wikipedia is available under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is adapted from it.
- Wikipedia: Epstein–Barr virus–associated lymphoproliferative diseases (CC BY-SA 4.0).
- Word definitions: the , each quoted from its Wikipedia article.
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