{"/e/german-folklore/changeling/": {"t": "Changeling", "s": "A supernatural substitute left after a human is taken."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/austria/": {"t": "Austria", "s": "A landlocked Central European nation with a rich imperial history and a modern neutral democracy."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/liechtenstein/": {"t": "Liechtenstein", "s": "A doubly landlocked Alpine principality with no debt.", "i": "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/img/countries-and-regions/liechtenstein.webp", "c": "Diego Delso · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/swiss-folklore/e/swiss-folklore/swiss-folklore/": {"t": "Swiss folklore", "s": "Swiss folklore blends alpine customs with centuries of cultural crossroads."}, "https://codexery.com/scandinavian-folklore/e/scandinavian-folklore/scandinavian-folklore/": {"t": "Scandinavian folklore", "s": "Expressive traditions rooted in Norse myth and Christian influence."}, "https://codexery.com/european-folklore/e/european-folklore/english-folklore/": {"t": "English folklore", "s": "Myths and legends of England passed through generations."}, "https://codexery.com/germanic-mythology/e/germanic-mythology/germanic-mythology/": {"t": "Germanic mythology", "s": "Body of myths native to the Germanic peoples."}, "https://codexery.com/werewolves/e/werewolves/beerwolf/": {"t": "Beerwolf", "s": "A werewolf concept used by Luther to justify rebellion."}, "https://codexery.com/legendary-birds/e/legendary-birds/elwetritsch/": {"t": "Elwetritsch", "s": "Imaginary bird-like creature from the Palatinate, derived from a sleep demon.", "i": "https://codexery.com/legendary-birds/img/legendary-birds/elwetritsch.webp", "c": "Ramessos · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/legendary-birds/e/legendary-birds/erdhenne/": {"t": "Erdhenne", "s": "A German house spirit that clucks warnings and foretells death."}, "https://codexery.com/norwegian-folklore/e/norwegian-folklore/lindworm/": {"t": "Lindworm", "s": "A European serpentine dragon with varied limb and wing forms."}, "https://codexery.com/german-legendary-creatures/e/german-legendary-creatures/schie-schlange/": {"t": "Schießschlange", "s": "A winged, crown-wearing serpent that flies like an arrow."}, "https://codexery.com/swiss-folklore/e/swiss-folklore/tatzelwurm/": {"t": "Tatzelwurm", "s": "Alpine dragon with a cat's face and serpentine body."}, "https://codexery.com/legendary-mammals/e/legendary-mammals/wolpertinger/": {"t": "Wolpertinger", "s": "A composite creature from German alpine folklore."}, "https://codexery.com/science-fiction-novels-adapted-into/e/science-fiction-novels-adapted-into-films/alraune/": {"t": "Alraune", "s": "A novel about a soulless woman born from artificial insemination."}, "https://codexery.com/mythological-plants/e/mythological-plants/mandrake/": {"t": "Mandrake", "s": "A toxic root with human-like shape and magical lore."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/artists/wilhelm-busch/": {"t": "Wilhelm Busch", "s": "Forefather of Comics", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/artists/wilhelm-busch.webp", "c": "Wilhelm Busch · via Wikipedia: Wilhelm Busch · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/monarchs-and-nobility/e/monarchs-and-nobility/ludwig-ii-of-bavaria/": {"t": "Ludwig II of Bavaria", "s": "Bavarian king known for fairy-tale castles and disputed death."}, "https://codexery.com/children-s-and-young-adult-literature/e/childrens-and-young-adult-literature/brothers-grimm/": {"t": "Brothers Grimm", "s": "German academics who collected and popularized European folktales."}, "https://codexery.com/performing-arts-crafts/e/performing-arts-and-crafts/lithography/": {"t": "Lithography", "s": "Lithography is a printing technique that relies on the natural repulsion between oil and water."}, "https://codexery.com/male-characters-in-fairy-tales/e/male-characters-in-fairy-tales/hansel-hansel-and-gretel/": {"t": "Hansel (Hansel and Gretel)", "s": "Boy who outwits a witch with his sister's help."}, "https://codexery.com/architectural-styles-and-elements/e/architectural-styles-and-elements/romanesque-architecture/": {"t": "Romanesque architecture", "s": "First pan-European architectural style since Imperial Roman architecture.", "i": "https://codexery.com/architectural-styles-and-elements/img/architectural-styles-and-elements/romanesque-architecture.webp", "c": "Txllxt TxllxT · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/castle-architecture/e/castle-architecture/battlement/": {"t": "Battlement", "s": "A parapet with gaps for defense and a symbol of status.", "i": "https://codexery.com/castle-architecture/img/castle-architecture/battlement.webp", "c": "Werner Richner · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers/e/rivers/rhine/": {"t": "Rhine", "s": "Europe's second-longest river, flowing from the Swiss Alps to the North Sea.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers/img/rivers/rhine.webp", "c": "Sdkb · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/german-folklore/german-folklore/": {"t": "German folklore", "s": "Folklore of Germany and German-speaking countries.", "i": "https://codexery.com/german-folklore/img/german-folklore/german-folklore.webp", "c": "Digital Collection · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/thuringia/": {"t": "Thuringia", "s": "Central German state, green heart, home to Bach, Goethe, Schiller."}, "https://codexery.com/legendary-shapeshifters/e/legendary-shapeshifters/aufhocker/": {"t": "Aufhocker", "s": "A shapeshifting pressure spirit that leaps onto victims.", "i": "https://codexery.com/legendary-shapeshifters/img/legendary-shapeshifters/aufhocker.webp", "c": "Oursana · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/deal-with-the-devil/e/deal-with-the-devil/drak-mythology/": {"t": "Drak (mythology)", "s": "A German household spirit acquired through a blood pact with the devil."}, "https://codexery.com/jewish-legendary-creatures/e/jewish-legendary-creatures/schrat/": {"t": "Schrat", "s": "A diverse German and Slavic legendary creature."}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/saxony/": {"t": "Saxony", "s": "A German state with a long history as duchy, electorate, and kingdom."}, "https://codexery.com/winemaking/e/winemaking/grape-treading/": {"t": "Grape treading", "s": "Traditional winemaking method now mostly a recreational festival activity."}, "https://codexery.com/breweries-of-england/e/breweries-of-england/fremlin-s-brewery/": {"t": "Fremlin's Brewery", "s": "Kent's largest brewery, known for bottled beer and elephant logo."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/kent/": {"t": "Kent", "s": "The Garden of England"}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/catholic-church/": {"t": "Catholic Church", "s": "The largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.41 billion baptized members.", "i": "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/img/branches-of-christianity/catholic-church.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Christianity by country · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/lutheranism/": {"t": "Lutheranism", "s": "A major branch of Protestantism arising from Martin Luther's efforts to reform the Catholic Church."}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/eastern-orthodox-church/": {"t": "Eastern Orthodox Church", "s": "Second-largest Christian body; autocephalous communion; no central pope; primus inter pares of Constantinople."}, "https://codexery.com/religion-in-the-british-empire/e/religion-in-the-british-empire/anglican-communion/": {"t": "Anglican Communion", "s": "Global fellowship of autonomous Anglican churches in communion with Canterbury.", "i": "https://codexery.com/religion-in-the-british-empire/img/religion-in-the-british-empire/anglican-communion.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Anglican Communion · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/e/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/martyr/": {"t": "Martyr", "s": "A witness who suffers death for a religious or political cause."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-church-bodies/e/christian-church-bodies/benedictines/": {"t": "Benedictines", "s": "Oldest Latin Church order, following the Rule of Saint Benedict."}, "https://codexery.com/former-empires/e/former-empires/francia/": {"t": "Francia", "s": "Largest post-Roman kingdom in Western Europe, founded by Clovis I."}, "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/e/other-european-regions/frisia/": {"t": "Frisia", "s": "Cross-border cultural region of the Frisian people in Northwestern Europe.", "i": "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/img/other-european-regions/frisia.webp", "c": "Gouwenaar · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-england/e/regions-of-england/devon/": {"t": "Devon", "s": "Ceremonial county in South West England with two coastlines."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/religious/isidore-of-seville/": {"t": "Isidore of Seville", "s": "The last scholar of the ancient world"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/charles-martel/": {"t": "Charles Martel", "s": "Frankish leader who halted the Umayyad advance at Tours and restored centralized rule in Francia."}, "https://codexery.com/catholic-popes-cardinals/e/catholic-popes-and-cardinals/pope-gregory-ii/": {"t": "Pope Gregory II", "s": "Pope from 715 to 731 who backed Boniface and resisted Emperor Leo III's iconoclasm.", "i": "https://codexery.com/catholic-popes-cardinals/img/catholic-popes-and-cardinals/pope-gregory-ii.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Pope Gregory II · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/hesse/": {"t": "Hesse", "s": "Landlocked German state, financial centre Frankfurt, named after the Chatti tribe."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/factions/franks/": {"t": "Franks", "s": "The Germanic people of the Rhine who came to rule much of Western Europe."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/germanic-paganism/": {"t": "Germanic paganism", "s": "Traditional religion of Germanic peoples, varying across time and region."}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/bavaria/": {"t": "Bavaria", "s": "Largest German state, with a history from Celts to kingdom."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-relics/e/christian-relics/ragyndrudis-codex/": {"t": "Ragyndrudis Codex", "s": "Early medieval codex used as a shield by Saint Boniface."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/christian-sacred-texts/gospel/": {"t": "Gospel", "s": "Episodic narratives of Jesus's words, deeds, death, and resurrection."}, "https://codexery.com/specific-regions/e/specific-regions/harz/": {"t": "Harz", "s": "A highland area in northern Germany with the region's highest elevations."}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/saxony-anhalt/": {"t": "Saxony-Anhalt", "s": "A German state formed in 1945, re-established after reunification."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-lakes/e/rivers-and-lakes/elbe/": {"t": "Elbe", "s": "One of the major rivers of Central Europe, flowing from the Giant Mountains to the North Sea.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-lakes/img/rivers-and-lakes/elbe.webp", "c": "Roy Zuo · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/mountain-ranges-and-massifs/e/mountain-ranges-and-massifs/ural-mountains/": {"t": "Ural Mountains", "s": "Mountain range listed in the Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt."}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/johann-wolfgang-von-goethe/": {"t": "Johann Wolfgang von Goethe", "s": "German polymath and most influential writer in the German language."}, "https://codexery.com/novels-and-epics/e/novels-and-epics/goethe-s-faust/": {"t": "Goethe's Faust", "s": "A two-part tragic play by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.", "i": "https://codexery.com/novels-and-epics/img/novels-and-epics/goethe-s-faust.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Goethe's Faust · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/atmospheric-optical-phenomena/e/atmospheric-optical-phenomena/brocken-spectre/": {"t": "Brocken spectre", "s": "Magnified shadow of an observer cast on cloud opposite the Sun."}, "https://codexery.com/national-parks-of-germany/e/national-parks-of-germany/harz-national-park/": {"t": "Harz National Park", "s": "Protected area merging two parks in the Harz mountains."}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/lower-saxony/": {"t": "Lower Saxony", "s": "Fourth-largest German state by area, with diverse landscapes from coast to mountains"}, "https://codexery.com/geology-earth-science/e/geology-and-earth-science/magma/": {"t": "Magma", "s": "Molten rock beneath Earth's surface, source of all igneous rocks."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/carl-friedrich-gauss/": {"t": "Carl Friedrich Gauss", "s": "German mathematician, astronomer, geodesist, and physicist"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/berlin/": {"t": "Berlin", "s": "The heart of Europe, a city of culture and history."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/historical-eras/middle-ages/": {"t": "Middle Ages", "s": "The middle epoch between classical antiquity and the modern period.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/img/historical-eras/middle-ages.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Middle Ages · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/narrative-techniques-genres/e/narrative-techniques-and-genres/fairy-tale/": {"t": "Fairy tale", "s": "A short folklore story featuring magic and mythical beings.", "i": "https://codexery.com/narrative-techniques-genres/img/narrative-techniques-and-genres/fairy-tale.webp", "c": "Tchamnarodrigue · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/german-fantasy-films/e/german-fantasy-films/heart-of-stone-1950-film/": {"t": "Heart of Stone (1950 film)", "s": "The first East German color film, based on Wilhelm Hauff's fairy tale.", "i": "https://codexery.com/german-fantasy-films/img/german-fantasy-films/heart-of-stone-1950-film.webp", "c": "Wikimedia Commons · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/ceremonial-magic/e/ceremonial-magic/evocation/": {"t": "Evocation", "s": "Summoning supernatural agents in Western ceremonial magic."}, "https://codexery.com/works-based-on-the-faust-legend/e/works-based-on-the-faust-legend/the-devil-and-tom-walker/": {"t": "The Devil and Tom Walker", "s": "A miser makes a bargain with the devil for pirate treasure."}, "https://codexery.com/art-movements/e/art-movements/romanticism/": {"t": "Romanticism", "s": "Movement valuing emotion, imagination, and nature over Enlightenment rationalism."}, "https://codexery.com/beliefs-and-practices/e/beliefs-and-practices/mysticism/": {"t": "Mysticism", "s": "Mysticism involves personal transformation through religious practices and experiences."}, "https://codexery.com/psychologists-and-education-theorists/e/psychologists-and-education-theorists/erik-erikson/": {"t": "Erik Erikson", "s": "German-American psychoanalyst who coined 'identity crisis.'"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/italy/": {"t": "Italy", "s": "A cultural superpower with the eighth-largest economy and the most UNESCO sites."}, "https://codexery.com/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasti/e/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasties/german-empire/": {"t": "German Empire", "s": "German Empire from 1871 unification to 1918 revolution.", "i": "https://codexery.com/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasti/img/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasties/german-empire.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: German Empire · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/mothers-of-holy-roman-emperors/e/mothers-of-holy-roman-emperors/constance-i-of-sicily/": {"t": "Constance I of Sicily", "s": "Queen of Sicily and Holy Roman Empress, mother of Frederick II."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-folklore/e/christian-folklore/golden-legend/": {"t": "Golden Legend", "s": "A medieval compendium of saintly legends and festival lore.", "i": "https://codexery.com/christian-folklore/img/christian-folklore/golden-legend.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Golden Legend · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/theological-and-philosophical-debates/e/theological-and-philosophical-debates/eschatology/": {"t": "Eschatology", "s": "Study of end times across religions and philosophies."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-mythology/e/christian-mythology/antichrist/": {"t": "Antichrist", "s": "Prophesied opponent of Christ, appearing before the Second Coming."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/continental-europe/": {"t": "Continental Europe", "s": "The contiguous mainland of Europe, excluding its surrounding islands.", "i": "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/img/regions-and-cultural-spheres/continental-europe.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Europe · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/people-with-m-ni-re-s-disease/e/people-with-m-ni-re-s-disease/martin-luther/": {"t": "Martin Luther", "s": "German theologian who initiated the Protestant Reformation."}, "https://codexery.com/european-prime-ministers-and-statesmen/e/european-prime-ministers-and-statesmen/otto-von-bismarck/": {"t": "Otto von Bismarck", "s": "Prussian statesman who unified Germany and became its first chancellor."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-the-czech/e/world-heritage-sites-in-the-czech-republic/kutn-hora/": {"t": "Kutná Hora", "s": "Historic silver-mining town with UNESCO-listed centre."}, "https://codexery.com/fiction-about-magic/e/fiction-about-magic/magical-realism/": {"t": "Magical realism", "s": "A genre blending realistic narrative with fantastical elements."}, "https://codexery.com/witchcraft-in-folklore-and-mythology/e/witchcraft-in-folklore-and-mythology/frau-holle/": {"t": "Frau Holle", "s": "Germanic folk figure and fairy tale character."}, "https://codexery.com/wild-hunt/e/wild-hunt/wild-hunt/": {"t": "Wild Hunt", "s": "A supernatural chase led by a mythological figure across European folklore."}, "https://codexery.com/germanic-mythology/e/germanic-mythology/germanic-heroic-age/": {"t": "Germanic Heroic Age", "s": "Period of early historic events in Germanic heroic poetry."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-histories-and-epics/e/ancient-histories-and-epics/annals-tacitus/": {"t": "Annals (Tacitus)", "s": "Tacitus' final work, a key source for 1st-century Roman history, though incomplete after AD 66."}, "https://codexery.com/mythographers/e/mythographers/thomas-keightley/": {"t": "Thomas Keightley", "s": "Irish mythographer and pioneer of comparative folklore studies."}, "https://codexery.com/european-dragons/e/european-dragons/european-dragon/": {"t": "European dragon", "s": "A fire-breathing, treasure-hoarding creature of European myth."}, "https://codexery.com/english-folklore/e/english-folklore/the-dragon-beowulf/": {"t": "The dragon (Beowulf)", "s": "First fire-breathing dragon in English literature."}, "https://codexery.com/mythological-shapeshifters/e/mythological-shapeshifters/f-fnir/": {"t": "Fáfnir", "s": "A dwarf who became a dragon to guard a cursed treasure."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-legendary-creatures/e/greek-legendary-creatures/sea-serpent/": {"t": "Sea serpent", "s": "A sea monster found in mythologies worldwide, often slain by a god."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/modern-english/": {"t": "Modern English", "s": "Modern English is the global lingua franca since the Great Vowel Shift."}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/cultural-and-historical-regions/nordic-countries/": {"t": "Nordic countries", "s": "A region of Northern Europe with deep historical and cultural ties."}, "https://codexery.com/european-dragons/e/european-dragons/guivre/": {"t": "Guivre", "s": "Serpentine dragon of French legend with venomous breath."}, "https://codexery.com/nixies/e/nixies/knucker/": {"t": "Knucker", "s": "Water dragon of Sussex knuckerholes, rooted in Old English lore."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/old-english/": {"t": "Old English", "s": "Earliest attested form of the English language."}, "https://codexery.com/classic-poetry-and-epics/e/classic-poetry-and-epics/beowulf/": {"t": "Beowulf", "s": "Hero of the Geats who fought Grendel, his mother, and a dragon."}, "https://codexery.com/literary-novels-and-classics/e/literary-novels-and-classics/nibelungenlied/": {"t": "Nibelungenlied", "s": "Medieval German epic based on oral heroic legend.", "i": "https://codexery.com/literary-novels-and-classics/img/literary-novels-and-classics/nibelungenlied.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Nibelungenlied · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/loki/e/loki/andvaranaut/": {"t": "Andvaranaut", "s": "A cursed ring that brings ruin to all who possess it."}, "https://codexery.com/mythological-swordfighters/e/mythological-swordfighters/beowulf-hero/": {"t": "Beowulf (hero)", "s": "Legendary Geatish hero and dragon-slayer", "i": "https://codexery.com/mythological-swordfighters/img/mythological-swordfighters/beowulf-hero.webp", "c": "Anonymous Unknown author · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/ecuadorian-cuisine/e/ecuadorian-cuisine/guinea-pig/": {"t": "Guinea pig", "s": "A domesticated rodent from the Andes, kept as food, pet, and research subject."}, "https://codexery.com/rodents-and-small-mammals/e/rodents-and-small-mammals/squirrel/": {"t": "Squirrel", "s": "Small rodents with bushy tails, found worldwide except polar regions."}, "https://codexery.com/narrative-techniques-genres/e/narrative-techniques-and-genres/backstory/": {"t": "Backstory", "s": "Background events that precede and shape a main plot."}, "https://codexery.com/holiday-characters/e/holiday-characters/santa-claus/": {"t": "Santa Claus", "s": "Legendary gift-bringer on Christmas Eve, rooted in Saint Nicholas."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-folklore/e/christian-folklore/christkind/": {"t": "Christkind", "s": "A sprite-like child who brings Christmas gifts on Christmas Eve."}, "https://codexery.com/scientists-and-mathematicians/e/scientists-and-mathematicians/pliny-the-elder/": {"t": "Pliny the Elder", "s": "Roman author and naturalist who wrote the encyclopedic Natural History and died rescuing others from Mount Vesuvius."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/plutarch/": {"t": "Plutarch", "s": "Greek and Roman philosopher, historian, and priest of Apollo"}, "https://codexery.com/supernumerary-body-parts/e/supernumerary-body-parts/hermaphrodite/": {"t": "Hermaphrodite", "s": "An organism producing both male and female gametes."}, "https://codexery.com/sexual-practices-identities/e/sexual-practices-and-identities/virginity/": {"t": "Virginity", "s": "A social construct with varying definitions and cultural significance."}, "https://codexery.com/performing-arts-crafts/e/performing-arts-and-crafts/illuminated-manuscript/": {"t": "Illuminated manuscript", "s": "Decorated texts from late antiquity to the Renaissance"}, "https://codexery.com/jewish-folklore/e/jewish-folklore/three-hares/": {"t": "Three hares", "s": "A circular motif of three hares sharing ears across cultures."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/christianity/": {"t": "Christianity", "s": "World's largest religion, centered on Jesus Christ."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-church-bodies/e/christian-church-bodies/christian-denomination/": {"t": "Christian denomination", "s": "A distinct religious body within Christianity, identifiable by doctrine and history."}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/coptic-orthodox-church/": {"t": "Coptic Orthodox Church", "s": "Egypt's Oriental Orthodox church, led by the pope of Alexandria from Cairo.", "i": "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/img/branches-of-christianity/coptic-orthodox-church.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Coptic Orthodox Church · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/folklore-studies/e/folklore-studies/folklore-studies/": {"t": "Folklore studies", "s": "Unraveling the threads of tradition, from peasant tales to digital lore—where every story finds its scholar."}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/north-sea/": {"t": "North Sea", "s": "A shallow European shelf sea, rich in history, fisheries, and energy resources."}, "https://codexery.com/norse-myths/e/norse-myths/gir/": {"t": "Ægir", "s": "Jötunn and personification of the sea in Norse mythology."}, "https://codexery.com/german-fairy-tales/e/german-fairy-tales/rumpelstiltskin/": {"t": "Rumpelstiltskin", "s": "An imp spins straw into gold for a firstborn child."}, "https://codexery.com/linguistic-concepts-and-phenomena/e/linguistic-concepts-and-phenomena/onomatopoeia/": {"t": "Onomatopoeia", "s": "Words that phonetically imitate the sounds they refer to."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/factions/holy-roman-empire/": {"t": "Holy Roman Empire", "s": "The decentralised empire of Central Europe that lasted from 800 or 962 to 1806."}, "https://codexery.com/great-collapses/e/great-collapses/the-black-death/": {"t": "The Black Death", "s": "The deadliest pandemic in recorded history, the Black Death reshaped Europe and the Middle East.", "i": "https://codexery.com/great-collapses/img/great-collapses/the-black-death.webp", "c": "Jakub Hałun · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/belgian-folklore/e/belgian-folklore/the-legend-of-thyl-ulenspiegel-and-lamme-goedzak/": {"t": "The Legend of Thyl Ulenspiegel and Lamme Goedzak", "s": "A Flemish prankster becomes a hero of the Dutch Revolt."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/historical-eras/reformation/": {"t": "Reformation", "s": "A 16th-century movement that challenged Catholic authority and birthed Protestantism."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/dutch-language/": {"t": "Dutch language", "s": "A West Germanic language spoken by millions across Europe, the Americas, and beyond."}, "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/e/other-european-regions/low-countries/": {"t": "Low Countries", "s": "Historical coastal lowland region forming the Benelux countries.", "i": "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/img/other-european-regions/low-countries.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Low Countries · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/kingdom-of-bohemia/": {"t": "Kingdom of Bohemia", "s": "A medieval and early modern monarchy in Central Europe, predecessor of the modern Czech Republic."}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/hamburg/": {"t": "Hamburg", "s": "Second-largest German city and major Hanseatic port."}, "https://codexery.com/specific-languages/e/specific-languages/high-german-languages/": {"t": "High German languages", "s": "High German dialects underwent the consonant shift from about AD 500."}, "https://codexery.com/dutch-folklore/e/dutch-folklore/reynard-the-fox/": {"t": "Reynard the Fox", "s": "Anthropomorphic trickster fox of medieval beast epics."}, "https://codexery.com/collectors-of-fairy-tales/e/collectors-of-fairy-tales/reidar-thoralf-christiansen/": {"t": "Reidar Thoralf Christiansen", "s": "Norwegian folklorist who classified migratory legends and compared Irish and Scandinavian tales."}, "https://codexery.com/legendary-creatures-of-the-indigenous/e/legendary-creatures-of-the-indigenous-peoples-of-north-ameri/little-people-mythology/": {"t": "Little people (mythology)", "s": "Diminutive beings in Native American folklore, often hairy and horned.", "i": "https://codexery.com/legendary-creatures-of-the-indigenous/img/legendary-creatures-of-the-indigenous-peoples-of-north-ameri/little-people-mythology.webp", "c": "Internet Archive Book Images · No restrictions"}, "https://codexery.com/english-fairy-tales/e/english-fairy-tales/luck-of-edenhall/": {"t": "Luck of Edenhall", "s": "A 14th-century glass beaker whose legend links its survival to family fortune."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/cairo/": {"t": "Cairo", "s": "The city of a thousand minarets"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/miguel-de-cervantes/": {"t": "Miguel de Cervantes", "s": "Spanish writer, author of Don Quixote, first modern novel."}, "https://codexery.com/novels-and-epics/e/novels-and-epics/don-quixote/": {"t": "Don Quixote", "s": "A novel about a man who becomes a knight-errant.", "i": "https://codexery.com/novels-and-epics/img/novels-and-epics/don-quixote.webp", "c": "Juan de la Cuesta · via Wikipedia: Don Quixote · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-europe/e/medieval-europe/late-middle-ages/": {"t": "Late Middle Ages", "s": "Crisis and transformation in 14th–15th century Europe."}, "https://codexery.com/works-based-on-the-faust-legend/e/works-based-on-the-faust-legend/peter-schlemihl/": {"t": "Peter Schlemihl", "s": "A man sells his shadow and learns its true value."}, "https://codexery.com/children-s-and-young-adult-literature/e/childrens-and-young-adult-literature/charles-perrault/": {"t": "Charles Perrault", "s": "French author who recorded fairy tales in the late 17th century."}, "https://codexery.com/collectors-of-fairy-tales/e/collectors-of-fairy-tales/madame-d-aulnoy/": {"t": "Madame d'Aulnoy", "s": "French author who coined the term 'fairy tales'."}, "https://codexery.com/folklore-studies/e/folklore-studies/aarne-thompson-uther-index/": {"t": "Aarne–Thompson–Uther Index", "s": "A standard catalogue of folktale types used by folklorists worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/panchatantra/e/panchatantra/joseph-jacobs/": {"t": "Joseph Jacobs", "s": "Collector and publisher of English fairy tales and folklore."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/asia/": {"t": "Asia", "s": "Largest continent by area and population, cradle of many civilisations."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/french-language/": {"t": "French language", "s": "A Romance language of the Indo-European family, descended from Vulgar Latin and shaped by Celtic and Frankish influences."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/english-language/": {"t": "English language", "s": "A West Germanic language that became the world's lingua franca."}, "https://codexery.com/witchcraft-in-folklore-and-mythology/e/witchcraft-in-folklore-and-mythology/deal-with-the-devil/": {"t": "Deal with the Devil", "s": "A pact trading a soul for diabolical favors.", "i": "https://codexery.com/witchcraft-in-folklore-and-mythology/img/witchcraft-in-folklore-and-mythology/deal-with-the-devil.webp", "c": "Moncure Daniel Conway · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/founders-of-new-religious-movements/e/founders-of-new-religious-movements/heinrich-kramer/": {"t": "Heinrich Kramer", "s": "Dominican inquisitor whose Malleus Maleficarum fueled early modern witch hunts."}, "https://codexery.com/castles/e/castles/hohenzollern-castle/": {"t": "Hohenzollern Castle", "s": "Ancestral seat of the House of Hohenzollern, perched atop Mount Hohenzollern."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/hungary/": {"t": "Hungary", "s": "A landlocked Central European nation with a rich history, from the Kingdom of Hungary to EU membership."}, "https://codexery.com/the-conjuring/e/powers/crucifix/": {"t": "Crucifix", "s": "A cross bearing the figure of Jesus."}, "https://codexery.com/comparative-mythology/e/comparative-mythology/crossroads-folklore/": {"t": "Crossroads (folklore)", "s": "A liminal site for spirit contact, ritual, and burial."}, "https://codexery.com/colosseum/e/colosseum/abdon-and-sennen/": {"t": "Abdon and Sennen", "s": "Persian nobles martyred in Rome, venerated on 30 July."}, "https://codexery.com/construction-materials/e/construction-and-materials/chimney/": {"t": "Chimney", "s": "Ventilation structure for exhaust gases and smoke.", "i": "https://codexery.com/construction-materials/img/construction-and-materials/chimney.webp", "c": "Gerald England · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/mammals/e/mammals/hare/": {"t": "Hare", "s": "Swift, solitary herbivores of the genus Lepus."}, "https://codexery.com/criminal-law-and-procedure/e/criminal-law-and-procedure/penal-labour/": {"t": "Penal labour", "s": "Forced labour required of prisoners, ranging from punishment to industry."}, "https://codexery.com/deal-with-the-devil/e/deal-with-the-devil/the-fatal-marksman/": {"t": "The Fatal Marksman", "s": "A hunter's pact with the Devil for unerring bullets."}, "/e/german-folklore/gespensterbuch/": {"t": "Gespensterbuch", "s": "German ghost-story collection that inspired Frankenstein and Der Freischütz.", "i": "https://codexery.com/german-folklore/img/german-folklore/gespensterbuch.webp", "c": "Georg Joachim Göschen · via Wikipedia: Gespensterbuch · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/opera-composers/e/opera-composers/carl-maria-von-weber/": {"t": "Carl Maria von Weber", "s": "German composer crucial to German Romantic opera.", "i": "https://codexery.com/opera-composers/img/opera-composers/carl-maria-von-weber.webp", "c": "Caroline Bardua · via Wikipedia: Carl Maria von Weber · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/polish-folklore/e/polish-folklore/czarownica/": {"t": "Czarownica", "s": "A witch figure rooted in Slavic pagan traditions."}, "/e/german-folklore/till-eulenspiegel/": {"t": "Till Eulenspiegel", "s": "Trickster folk hero of a 1510 German chapbook tradition."}, "https://codexery.com/novels-and-epics/e/novels-and-epics/faust/": {"t": "Faust", "s": "Protagonist of a German legend who trades his soul for knowledge."}, "https://codexery.com/puck/e/puck/h-dekin/": {"t": "Hödekin", "s": "A vengeful kobold known for his hat and deadly pranks."}, "https://codexery.com/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasti/e/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasties/elizabethan-era/": {"t": "Elizabethan era", "s": "The golden age of English history under Queen Elizabeth I."}, "https://codexery.com/states-of-the-german-empire/e/states-of-the-german-empire/kingdom-of-saxony/": {"t": "Kingdom of Saxony", "s": "A German kingdom from 1806 to 1918, centered on Dresden."}, "https://codexery.com/narrative-techniques-genres/e/narrative-techniques-and-genres/gothic-fiction/": {"t": "Gothic fiction", "s": "A literary aesthetic of fear, haunting, and the supernatural."}, "https://codexery.com/legendary-showmen-occultists-and-hoaxers/e/legendary-showmen-occultists-and-hoaxers/alessandro-cagliostro/": {"t": "Alessandro Cagliostro", "s": "Italian occultist and confidence trickster known as Count Alessandro di Cagliostro.", "i": "https://codexery.com/legendary-showmen-occultists-and-hoaxers/img/legendary-showmen-occultists-and-hoaxers/alessandro-cagliostro.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Alessandro Cagliostro · see source"}, "/e/german-folklore/freisch-tz/": {"t": "Freischütz", "s": "A German folkloric marksman with a devilish bullet contract."}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/lord-byron/": {"t": "Lord Byron", "s": "British Romantic poet and satirist, known for Don Juan and Childe Harold's Pilgrimage.", "i": "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/img/authors-and-poets/lord-byron.webp", "c": "Thomas Phillips · via Wikipedia: Lord Byron · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/mary-shelley/": {"t": "Mary Shelley", "s": "English novelist who wrote Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus (1818), an early science fiction work."}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/percy-bysshe-shelley/": {"t": "Percy Bysshe Shelley", "s": "English Romantic poet and radical thinker."}, "https://codexery.com/works-based-on-the-faust-legend/e/works-based-on-the-faust-legend/manfred-drama/": {"t": "Manfred (drama)", "s": "A Faustian noble defies supernatural authority in the Alps."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/england/": {"t": "England", "s": "Land of the Angles, birthplace of football and the Industrial Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/cultural-and-historical-regions/scania/": {"t": "Scania", "s": "Southernmost historical province of Sweden, once Danish."}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/bremen-state/": {"t": "Bremen (state)", "s": "Smallest German state, a historic Hanseatic city and port."}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/schleswig-holstein/": {"t": "Schleswig-Holstein", "s": "Northernmost German state with a contested Danish-German history."}, "https://codexery.com/fruits-and-vegetables/e/fruits-and-vegetables/kale/": {"t": "Kale", "s": "Leaf cabbage cultivated since antiquity for food and ornament."}, "https://codexery.com/german-cuisine/e/german-cuisine/german-fries/": {"t": "German fries", "s": "Pan-fried potato dish with bacon and onion."}, "https://codexery.com/german-cuisine/e/german-cuisine/kassler/": {"t": "Kassler", "s": "A cured, smoked pork cut served with traditional sides."}, "https://codexery.com/german-sausages/e/german-sausages/pinkel/": {"t": "Pinkel", "s": "A smoked Grützwurst from northwest Germany, often served with kale."}, "https://codexery.com/german-cuisine/e/german-cuisine/korn-liquor/": {"t": "Korn (liquor)", "s": "German grain spirit, traditionally distilled from rye or wheat."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/german-language/": {"t": "German language", "s": "German, known natively as Deutsch (pronounced [dɔɪ̯tʃ]), belongs to the West Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family and is spoken primarily across"}, "https://codexery.com/epidemics/e/epidemics/plague-disease/": {"t": "Plague (disease)", "s": "Plague is a bacterial disease with three forms and a historic pandemic."}, "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/e/diseases-and-conditions/rabies/": {"t": "Rabies", "s": "A viral brain infection that is almost always fatal once symptoms appear.", "i": "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/img/diseases-and-conditions/rabies.webp", "c": "Own Work · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/whooping-cough/": {"t": "Whooping cough", "s": "A highly contagious bacterial disease causing severe coughing fits."}, "https://codexery.com/irish-folklore/e/irish-folklore/beltane/": {"t": "Beltane", "s": "Gaelic festival marking the start of summer with fire rituals."}, "https://codexery.com/band-of-brothers/e/world/holland-netherlands/": {"t": "Netherlands", "s": "Holland: Market Garden and 'the Island'."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/languages-of-the-world/swedish-language/": {"t": "Swedish language", "s": "North Germanic language spoken in Sweden and parts of Finland."}, "https://codexery.com/specific-languages/e/specific-languages/finnish-language/": {"t": "Finnish language", "s": "A Finnic language of the Uralic family, spoken by millions in Finland and diaspora communities."}, "https://codexery.com/specific-languages/e/specific-languages/estonian-language/": {"t": "Estonian language", "s": "Estonian: a Finnic language of Estonia, one of the EU's non-Indo-European tongues."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/czech-language/": {"t": "Czech language", "s": "A West Slavic language of the Czech–Slovak group, official in the Czech Republic, with a rich morphology and a raised alveolar trill."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-saints-early-church-fathers/e/christian-saints-and-early-church-fathers/james-son-of-alphaeus/": {"t": "James, son of Alphaeus", "s": "One of the Twelve Apostles, often identified as James the Less.", "i": "https://codexery.com/christian-saints-early-church-fathers/img/christian-saints-and-early-church-fathers/james-son-of-alphaeus.webp", "c": "Hakjosef · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/christian-saints-early-church-fathers/e/christian-saints-and-early-church-fathers/philip-the-apostle/": {"t": "Philip the Apostle", "s": "One of the Twelve Apostles, preacher in Greece and Asia-Minor.", "i": "https://codexery.com/christian-saints-early-church-fathers/img/christian-saints-and-early-church-fathers/philip-the-apostle.webp", "c": "Peter Paul Rubens · via Wikipedia: Philip the Apostle · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/magic/e/magic/christian-views-on-magic/": {"t": "Christian views on magic", "s": "Christian views on magic range from condemnation to esoteric acceptance."}, "/e/german-folklore/brocken/": {"t": "Brocken", "s": "Highest peak in Northern Germany, shrouded in mist and legend.", "i": "https://codexery.com/german-folklore/img/german-folklore/brocken.webp", "c": "W. Bulach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-england/e/regions-of-england/lincolnshire/": {"t": "Lincolnshire", "s": "A rural English county with a quiet history and varied landscapes."}, "https://codexery.com/public-holidays-observances/e/public-holidays-and-observances/new-year-s-eve/": {"t": "New Year's Eve", "s": "The last day of the Gregorian year, celebrated worldwide with fireworks, feasts, and festivities.", "i": "https://codexery.com/public-holidays-observances/img/public-holidays-and-observances/new-year-s-eve.webp", "c": "Syced · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/cider-and-mead/e/mead/sima-mead/": {"t": "Sima (mead)", "s": "Finnish sweet sparkling low-alcohol mead for Vappu."}, "/e/german-folklore/deutsche-sagen/": {"t": "Deutsche Sagen", "s": "Two-volume collection of German folk tales and historical legends.", "i": "https://codexery.com/german-folklore/img/german-folklore/deutsche-sagen.webp", "c": "Gebrüder Grimm Autor bei de.wikisource: Brüder Grimm · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/legal-concepts-doctrines/e/legal-concepts-and-doctrines/extortion/": {"t": "Extortion", "s": "Obtaining benefit through coercion by threat of harm."}, "https://codexery.com/psychopomps/e/psychopomps/personifications-of-death/": {"t": "Personifications of death", "s": "Figures that guide or embody death across cultures."}, "https://codexery.com/geology-earth-science/e/geology-and-earth-science/landslide/": {"t": "Landslide", "s": "Mass wasting events driven by gravity and slope instability."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/lore/genghis-khan/": {"t": "Genghis Khan", "s": "Temüjin, the steppe chieftain's son who united the Mongols and founded their empire.", "i": "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/img/lore/genghis-khan.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Genghis Khan · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/mental-health/e/mental-health/mass-psychogenic-illness/": {"t": "Mass psychogenic illness", "s": "Illness symptoms spread through a population without an infectious agent."}, "https://codexery.com/ailments-of-unknown-cause/e/ailments-of-unknown-cause/dancing-mania/": {"t": "Dancing mania", "s": "A mysterious dancing plague that swept Europe for centuries."}, "https://codexery.com/beliefs-and-practices/e/beliefs-and-practices/pilgrimage/": {"t": "Pilgrimage", "s": "A journey to a holy place for spiritual transformation."}, "https://codexery.com/great-collapses/e/great-collapses/the-children-s-crusade/": {"t": "The Children's Crusade", "s": "A failed popular crusade of the early 13th century, involving two movements led by Nicholas of Cologne and Stephen of Cloyes, marked by tragedy and myth."}, "https://codexery.com/society-and-culture/e/society-and-culture/proverb/": {"t": "Proverb", "s": "A traditional saying expressing common-sense truth, often metaphorical."}, "https://codexery.com/boardgames/e/board-games/monopoly/": {"t": "Monopoly", "s": "One seller, no substitutes, market power.", "i": "https://codexery.com/boardgames/img/board-games/monopoly.webp", "c": "Smirkybec · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/narrative-forms-and-devices/e/narrative-forms-and-devices/stock-character/": {"t": "Stock character", "s": "Recognizable character types used across many narratives."}, "https://codexery.com/mythology-in-popular-culture/e/mythology-in-popular-culture/mephistopheles-in-the-arts-and-popular-culture/": {"t": "Mephistopheles in the arts and popular culture", "s": "Mephistopheles appears across music, literature, television, and games."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/europe/": {"t": "Europe", "s": "Second-smallest continent, birthplace of Western civilisation and European Union."}, "https://codexery.com/philippine-mythology/e/philippine-mythology/kasanaan/": {"t": "Kasanaan", "s": "The Philippine underworld realm of the dead."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/greek-language/": {"t": "Greek language", "s": "Greek is the world's oldest recorded living language."}, "https://codexery.com/deal-with-the-devil/e/deal-with-the-devil/johann-georg-faust/": {"t": "Johann Georg Faust", "s": "German Renaissance magician who became a legendary figure."}, "https://codexery.com/european-folklore/e/european-folklore/historia-von-d-johann-fausten-chapbook/": {"t": "Historia von D. Johann Fausten (chapbook)", "s": "Anonymous German chapbook that inspired major Faust works."}, "https://codexery.com/plays-drama/e/plays-and-drama/doctor-faustus-play/": {"t": "Doctor Faustus (play)", "s": "An Elizabethan tragedy of a scholar who sells his soul.", "i": "https://codexery.com/plays-drama/img/plays-and-drama/doctor-faustus-play.webp", "c": "Christopher Marlowe · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/christopher-marlowe/": {"t": "Christopher Marlowe", "s": "Elizabethan playwright and poet, first to achieve critical reputation for blank verse"}, "https://codexery.com/german-fantasy-novels/e/german-fantasy-novels/mephisto-novel/": {"t": "Mephisto (novel)", "s": "A Faustian tale of an actor's pact with Nazism."}, "https://codexery.com/literary-forms-tropes/e/literary-forms-and-tropes/anthropomorphism/": {"t": "Anthropomorphism", "s": "Attributing human traits to non-human entities."}, "https://codexery.com/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/e/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/alps/": {"t": "Alps", "s": "Major European mountain range spanning eight countries.", "i": "https://codexery.com/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/img/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/alps.webp", "c": "Terra (EOS AM-1) satellite · via Wikipedia: Alps · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/ukrainian-folklore/e/ukrainian-folklore/saint-nicholas-european-folklore/": {"t": "Saint Nicholas (European folklore)", "s": "Folklore figure based on a Greek bishop, patron of children."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-mythology/e/christian-mythology/massacre-of-the-innocents/": {"t": "Massacre of the Innocents", "s": "Biblical account of Herod's order to kill male infants near Bethlehem."}, "https://codexery.com/painting-visual-arts/e/painting-and-visual-arts/medieval-art/": {"t": "Medieval art", "s": "Medieval art spans over 1,000 years of European and Mediterranean creativity."}, "https://codexery.com/german-legendary-creatures/e/german-legendary-creatures/knecht-ruprecht/": {"t": "Knecht Ruprecht", "s": "Saint Nicholas's attendant who punishes disobedient children at Christmas.", "i": "https://codexery.com/german-legendary-creatures/img/german-legendary-creatures/knecht-ruprecht.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Knecht Ruprecht · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/belgian-folklore/e/belgian-folklore/p-re-fouettard/": {"t": "Père Fouettard", "s": "Companion of Saint Nicholas who punishes naughty children."}, "https://codexery.com/dutch-folklore/e/dutch-folklore/zwarte-piet/": {"t": "Zwarte Piet", "s": "Companion of Saint Nicholas in Low Countries folklore."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-folklore/e/christian-folklore/companions-of-saint-nicholas/": {"t": "Companions of Saint Nicholas", "s": "Dark companions who accompany Saint Nicholas to discipline children."}, "https://codexery.com/ritual-animal-disguise/e/ritual-animal-disguise/perchtenlaufen/": {"t": "Perchtenlaufen", "s": "A ritual battle between masked groups in Alpine regions."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/croatia/": {"t": "Croatia", "s": "A country in Central and Southeastern Europe on the Adriatic Sea, with a rich history and a modern high-income economy."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/romania/": {"t": "Romania", "s": "A country at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, rich in history and natural beauty."}, "https://codexery.com/italian-regions/e/italian-regions/northern-italy/": {"t": "Northern Italy", "s": "Northern Italy: economic core and cultural heart of the country."}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/friuli-venezia-giulia/": {"t": "Friuli-Venezia Giulia", "s": "Autonomous region in northeastern Italy with a strategic Adriatic port."}, "https://codexery.com/romanian-folklore/e/romanian-folklore/kukeri/": {"t": "Kukeri", "s": "Bulgarian costumed men who perform rituals to scare evil spirits.", "i": "https://codexery.com/romanian-folklore/img/romanian-folklore/kukeri.webp", "c": "Teodora Koleva · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/american-christmas-horror-films/e/american-christmas-horror-films/krampus-film/": {"t": "Krampus (film)", "s": "A boy's lost Christmas spirit summons a demonic folklore figure."}, "https://codexery.com/duchies-and-electorates-of-the-holy-roma/e/duchies-and-electorates-of-the-holy-roman-empire/electoral-palatinate/": {"t": "Electoral Palatinate", "s": "A key electoral state of the Holy Roman Empire."}, "https://codexery.com/ruined-castles-in-germany/e/ruined-castles-in-germany/grafendahn-castle/": {"t": "Grafendahn Castle", "s": "Smallest of the three Dahn rock castles, built as a Ganerbenburg."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-cultural-concepts/e/historical-and-cultural-concepts/aristocracy/": {"t": "Aristocracy", "s": "Rule by a small, privileged class of aristocrats.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-cultural-concepts/img/historical-and-cultural-concepts/aristocracy.webp", "c": "DzHaruna · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/castles-by-type/e/castles-by-type/ganerbenburg/": {"t": "Ganerbenburg", "s": "A medieval castle shared by multiple families under joint inheritance."}, "https://codexery.com/energy-power/e/energy-and-power/reservoir/": {"t": "Reservoir", "s": "Artificial lake created by a dam to store fresh water."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-concepts-doctrines/e/legal-concepts-and-doctrines/excommunication/": {"t": "Excommunication", "s": "Excommunication is an institutional act of religious censure limiting membership and communion."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/italian-wars/": {"t": "Italian Wars", "s": "A series of conflicts driven by French–Habsburg rivalry in Italy."}, "https://codexery.com/monarchs-and-nobility/e/monarchs-and-nobility/louis-xii/": {"t": "Louis XII", "s": "King of France who reduced taxes and reformed law."}, "https://codexery.com/public-law/e/public-law/sanctions-law/": {"t": "Sanctions (law)", "s": "Penalties or enforcement means to incentivize legal obedience."}, "https://codexery.com/santa-claus/e/santa-claus/saint-nicholas/": {"t": "Saint Nicholas", "s": "Early Christian bishop whose secret gift-giving inspired Santa Claus.", "i": "https://codexery.com/santa-claus/img/santa-claus/saint-nicholas.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Saint Nicholas · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/beliefs-and-practices/e/beliefs-and-practices/supernatural/": {"t": "Supernatural", "s": "Concept of phenomena beyond the laws of nature."}, "https://codexery.com/irish-mythology/e/irish-mythology/irish-mythology/": {"t": "Irish mythology", "s": "The body of myths indigenous to Ireland, best-preserved branch of Celtic mythology."}, "https://codexery.com/legendary-shapeshifters/e/legendary-shapeshifters/tam-lin/": {"t": "Tam Lin", "s": "Character in a Scottish Borders ballad rescued from the Queen of Fairies."}, "https://codexery.com/cornish-folklore/e/cornish-folklore/m-n-an-tol/": {"t": "Mên-an-Tol", "s": "A prehistoric holed stone in Cornwall with legendary healing powers."}, "https://codexery.com/elves/e/elves/pixie/": {"t": "Pixie", "s": "A mischievous, childlike creature of British folklore."}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/e/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/liminality/": {"t": "Liminality", "s": "Ambiguous threshold state in rites of passage."}, "https://codexery.com/irish-folklore/e/irish-folklore/aos-s/": {"t": "Aos Sí", "s": "Supernatural race in Gaelic folklore, dwellers of fairy mounds."}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/isle-of-man/": {"t": "Isle of Man", "s": "A self-governing Crown Dependency with a distinct identity and history."}, "https://codexery.com/british-women-folklorists/e/british-women-folklorists/sophia-morrison/": {"t": "Sophia Morrison", "s": "Manx cultural activist, folklore collector, and author."}, "https://codexery.com/common-diseases-disorders/e/common-diseases-and-disorders/dwarfism/": {"t": "Dwarfism", "s": "A condition of unusually small stature, often with normal intelligence and life expectancy."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/baltic-sea/": {"t": "Baltic Sea", "s": "The world's largest brackish water basin, an arm of the Atlantic enclosed by nine countries.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/baltic-sea.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: White Sea–Baltic Canal · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/mythological-legendary-figures/e/mythological-and-legendary-figures/robin-hood/": {"t": "Robin Hood", "s": "Legendary English outlaw and folk hero.", "i": "https://codexery.com/mythological-legendary-figures/img/mythological-and-legendary-figures/robin-hood.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Robin Hood · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-sweden/e/world-heritage-sites-in-sweden/visby/": {"t": "Visby", "s": "A well-preserved medieval Hanseatic city on Gotland."}, "https://codexery.com/lost-civilizations/e/lost-civilizations/the-hanseatic-league/": {"t": "The Hanseatic League", "s": "A medieval commercial and defensive network of merchant guilds and towns."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/leaders-and-monarchs/maximilian-i-holy-roman-emperor/": {"t": "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "s": "Holy Roman Emperor from 1564; his rule was shaped by the confessionalisation process after the 1555 Peace of Augsburg.", "i": "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/img/leaders-and-monarchs/maximilian-i-holy-roman-emperor.webp", "c": "Albrecht Dürer · via Wikipedia: Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/bremen/": {"t": "Bremen", "s": "A historic Hanseatic port city and cultural hub of Northern Germany."}, "https://codexery.com/mammals/e/mammals/brown-bear/": {"t": "Brown bear", "s": "Large omnivorous bear native to Eurasia and North America."}, "https://codexery.com/canids-and-hyaenids/e/canids-and-hyaenids/wolf/": {"t": "Grey wolf", "s": "Largest wild canid, apex predator of Eurasia and North America."}, "https://codexery.com/collectors-of-fairy-tales/e/collectors-of-fairy-tales/paul-delarue/": {"t": "Paul Delarue", "s": "French folklorist who cataloged folktales using the Aarne-Thompson system."}, "https://codexery.com/folklore-featuring-impossible-tasks/e/folklore-featuring-impossible-tasks/jack-and-his-comrades/": {"t": "Jack and His Comrades", "s": "A man and his animal helpers drive robbers from a house."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors-of-everyday-objects/e/inventors-of-everyday-objects/henry-fox-talbot/": {"t": "Henry Fox Talbot", "s": "English pioneer of salted paper and calotype photography."}, "https://codexery.com/elves/e/elves/wei-e-frauen/": {"t": "Weiße Frauen", "s": "Germanic white ladies linked to light elves and pagan spirits.", "i": "https://codexery.com/elves/img/elves/wei-e-frauen.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Weiße Frauen · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/cuisine-and-condiments/e/cuisine-and-condiments/porridge/": {"t": "Porridge", "s": "A semi-solid staple food made from boiled starchy plants."}, "https://codexery.com/crones-and-hags/e/crones-and-hags/hag/": {"t": "Hag", "s": "A wizened old woman or supernatural being in folklore."}, "https://codexery.com/common-plants-and-crops/e/common-plants-and-crops/oak/": {"t": "Oak", "s": "Hardwood trees and shrubs of the genus Quercus, keystone species across the Northern Hemisphere."}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/heinrich-heine/": {"t": "Heinrich Heine", "s": "German poet and critic whose works were banned for radical views."}}