Genetics And Genomics
24 entries in the Genetics And Genomics compendium.
Genetic linkageTendency of nearby DNA sequences to be inherited together.Genetic recombinationExchange of genetic material producing novel trait combinations.GeneticsStudy of genes, heredity, and genetic variation in organisms.GenomeThe complete set of genetic material in an organism.GenomicsInterdisciplinary field studying the structure, function, and editing of genomes.GenotypeGenotype is the complete set of genetic material of an organism.HaplogroupGroup of haplotypes sharing a common SNP mutation ancestor.Hardy–Weinberg principleAllele and genotype frequencies remain constant without evolutionary influences.HeritabilityA statistic estimating genetic contribution to trait variation.HeterosisHybrid vigor from genetic mixing of parents.Homologous recombinationUniversal mechanism for DNA repair and genetic diversity.Horizontal gene transferMovement of genetic material between organisms not via parent-to-offspring inheritance.Human Genome ProjectInternational project to sequence the entire human genome.Human genomeComplete set of human DNA sequences, including nuclear and mitochondrial genomes.IntronIntrons are non-expressed sequences within genes removed during RNA processing.MicroevolutionChange in allele frequencies within populations over short evolutionary time.Mitochondrial DNADNA in mitochondria, key to energy conversion and evolution.Molecular geneticsBranch of biology linking DNA structure to organism variation.Non-coding DNANon-coding DNA includes functional elements and potentially nonfunctional junk DNA.Non-coding RNAFunctional RNA molecules not translated into protein.OperonA cluster of genes transcribed into a single mRNA molecule.PenetranceProportion of individuals with a genotype who show the phenotype.PloidyPloidy describes chromosome set number in cells.Point mutationA single nucleotide change can alter protein function or cause disease.
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