{"/e/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/fungus/": {"t": "Fungus", "s": "Eukaryotic organisms including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms."}, "https://codexery.com/taxonomy-evolution/e/taxonomy-and-evolution/division-taxonomy/": {"t": "Division (taxonomy)", "s": "A taxonomic rank with different usage in botany and zoology."}, "https://codexery.com/yeasts/e/yeasts/cryptococcus/": {"t": "Cryptococcus", "s": "A fungal genus including yeasts and pathogens causing cryptococcosis."}, "https://codexery.com/biology-concepts/e/biology-concepts/meiosis/": {"t": "Meiosis", "s": "Cell division producing haploid gametes for sexual reproduction."}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology/e/microbiology/spore/": {"t": "Spore", "s": "A reproductive unit adapted for dispersal and survival.", "i": "https://codexery.com/microbiology/img/microbiology/spore.webp", "c": "Ivar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/reproduction-and-development/e/reproduction-and-development/asexual-reproduction/": {"t": "Asexual reproduction", "s": "Reproduction without gamete fusion, producing genetically identical offspring."}, "https://codexery.com/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/e/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/cell-wall/": {"t": "Cell wall", "s": "Structural layer outside cell membrane providing support and protection."}, "/e/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/entorrhizomycetes/": {"t": "Entorrhizomycetes", "s": "Root-parasitic fungi forming galls on rushes and sedges."}, "https://codexery.com/taxonomy-evolution/e/taxonomy-and-evolution/incertae-sedis/": {"t": "Incertae sedis", "s": "A term for taxa with unknown or undefined broader relationships."}, "https://codexery.com/yeasts/e/yeasts/schizosaccharomyces-pombe/": {"t": "Schizosaccharomyces pombe", "s": "Fission yeast used in brewing and cell cycle research."}, "https://codexery.com/yeasts/e/yeasts/cryptococcus-neoformans/": {"t": "Cryptococcus neoformans", "s": "Encapsulated yeast causing cryptococcosis, especially in immunocompromised hosts."}, "https://codexery.com/invertebrates/e/invertebrates/insect/": {"t": "Insect", "s": "Insects are the most diverse group of animals on Earth."}, "https://codexery.com/yeasts/e/yeasts/cryptococcus-gattii/": {"t": "Cryptococcus gattii", "s": "Encapsulated yeast causing cryptococcosis, found in tropical and subtropical regions."}, "https://codexery.com/worms-and-worm-like-invertebrates/e/worms-and-worm-like-invertebrates/nematode/": {"t": "Nematode", "s": "Roundworms that dominate Earth's ecosystems in number and diversity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/worms-and-worm-like-invertebrates/img/worms-and-worm-like-invertebrates/nematode.webp", "c": "DataBase Center for Life Science (DBCLS) · CC BY 4.0"}, "/e/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/chytridiomycota/": {"t": "Chytridiomycota", "s": "Early-diverging fungi with flagellated zoospores, including amphibian pathogens.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/img/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/chytridiomycota.webp", "c": "M. Piepenbring, correction: User:Selso · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/neocallimastigomycota/": {"t": "Neocallimastigomycota", "s": "Anaerobic fungi essential for fiber digestion in herbivores."}, "https://codexery.com/reproduction-and-development/e/reproduction-and-development/alternation-of-generations/": {"t": "Alternation of generations", "s": "Life cycle alternating haploid and diploid multicellular stages in plants."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/pheromone/": {"t": "Pheromone", "s": "Chemical messengers that trigger social responses within a species.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/pheromone.webp", "c": "R6, State & Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cellular-biology/e/cellular-biology/cytoplasm/": {"t": "Cytoplasm", "s": "Cytoplasm is the cell material outside the nucleus."}, "https://codexery.com/marine-invertebrates/e/marine-invertebrates/tardigrade/": {"t": "Tardigrade", "s": "Micro-animals that are among the most resilient known, surviving extreme conditions including outer space.", "i": "https://codexery.com/marine-invertebrates/img/marine-invertebrates/tardigrade.webp", "c": "Benjamin Stein · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fishkeeping/e/fishkeeping/daphnia/": {"t": "Daphnia", "s": "A genus of small crustaceans used as live food and model organisms.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fishkeeping/img/fishkeeping/daphnia.webp", "c": "(Photo: Paul Hebert) · via Wikipedia: Daphnia · CC BY 2.5"}, "/e/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/edible-mushroom/": {"t": "Edible mushroom", "s": "Fleshy fungi consumed for flavor and nutrition, requiring careful identification.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/img/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/edible-mushroom.webp", "c": "George Chernilevsky · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/northern-hemisphere/": {"t": "Northern Hemisphere", "s": "Northern Hemisphere: most populous, land-rich half of Earth.", "i": "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/img/regions-and-cultural-spheres/northern-hemisphere.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Northern Hemisphere · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/recipes/e/classic-dishes/risotto/": {"t": "Risotto", "s": "Italian rice dish cooked to creamy consistency with broth."}, "https://codexery.com/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/e/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/carbohydrate/": {"t": "Carbohydrate", "s": "Carbohydrates are sugars and their derivatives, central to life and nutrition."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/carl-linnaeus/": {"t": "Carl Linnaeus", "s": "Father of modern taxonomy"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/galen/": {"t": "Galen", "s": "Roman and Greek physician whose medical theories dominated for over 1,300 years."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/seneca-the-younger/": {"t": "Seneca the Younger", "s": "Stoic philosopher, dramatist, and advisor to Emperor Nero."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/dutch-language/": {"t": "Dutch language", "s": "A West Germanic language spoken by millions across Europe, the Americas, and beyond."}, "https://codexery.com/taxonomy-evolution/e/taxonomy-and-evolution/species-complex/": {"t": "Species complex", "s": "A group of closely related species with unclear boundaries."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/new-mexico/": {"t": "New Mexico", "s": "Land of diverse cultures, history, and high desert."}, "/e/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/mycorrhiza/": {"t": "Mycorrhiza", "s": "Symbiotic association between a fungus and a plant root."}, "https://codexery.com/conifers-and-gymnosperms/e/conifers-and-gymnosperms/tsuga/": {"t": "Tsuga", "s": "Genus of conifers with hemlock common name, not poisonous."}, "https://codexery.com/trees-and-forest-species/e/trees-and-forest-species/lithocarpus/": {"t": "Lithocarpus", "s": "Stone oaks: insect-pollinated trees of Southeast Asian uplands.", "i": "https://codexery.com/trees-and-forest-species/img/trees-and-forest-species/lithocarpus.webp", "c": "IKAl · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/meteorology/e/meteorology/temperate-climate/": {"t": "Temperate climate", "s": "Middle-latitude climates with distinct seasons and moderate temperatures.", "i": "https://codexery.com/meteorology/img/meteorology/temperate-climate.webp", "c": "Unknown author · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/physical-geography-elevation/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/subtropics/": {"t": "Subtropics", "s": "Climate zones between tropics and temperate regions, with hot summers and mild winters."}, "https://codexery.com/yeasts/e/yeasts/candida-fungus/": {"t": "Candida (fungus)", "s": "A genus of yeasts causing most fungal infections worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/common-infections-and-diseases/e/common-infections-and-diseases/candidiasis/": {"t": "Candidiasis", "s": "Fungal infection caused by Candida species, common in mouth and vagina."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/hiv/": {"t": "HIV", "s": "Retrovirus causing AIDS, transmitted via bodily fluids."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/tissue-biology/": {"t": "Tissue (biology)", "s": "Tissue is an assembly of similar cells with a specific function."}, "https://codexery.com/yeasts/e/yeasts/candida-tropicalis/": {"t": "Candida tropicalis", "s": "A common yeast pathogen in neutropenic hosts, treatable with several antifungals."}, "https://codexery.com/yeasts/e/yeasts/candida-parapsilosis/": {"t": "Candida parapsilosis", "s": "An emerging nosocomial pathogen found in nature and on human skin."}, "/e/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/dimorphic-fungus/": {"t": "Dimorphic fungus", "s": "Fungi that switch between mold and yeast forms."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/hippocrates/": {"t": "Hippocrates", "s": "Father of Medicine who separated medicine from religion and emphasized natural causes of disease."}, "https://codexery.com/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/e/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/chromosome/": {"t": "Chromosome", "s": "A chromosome is a package of DNA containing part or all of the genetic material of an organism."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics/e/genetics/chromosomal-translocation/": {"t": "Chromosomal translocation", "s": "Chromosomal translocation alters genome structure, affecting health.", "i": "https://codexery.com/genetics/img/genetics/chromosomal-translocation.webp", "c": "DataBase Center for Life Science (DBCLS) · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/chromosomal-abnormalities/e/chromosomal-abnormalities/trisomy/": {"t": "Trisomy", "s": "A condition with three copies of one chromosome instead of two."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics/e/genetics/genetic-code/": {"t": "Genetic code", "s": "Rules translating nucleotide triplets into proteins."}, "https://codexery.com/eukaryote-groups-and-taxonomy/e/eukaryote-groups-and-taxonomy/eukaryote/": {"t": "Eukaryote", "s": "Cellular organisms with a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles, including animals, plants, fungi, and protists."}, "https://codexery.com/yeasts/e/yeasts/candida-auris/": {"t": "Candida auris", "s": "A multidrug-resistant yeast causing invasive candidiasis in healthcare settings."}, "https://codexery.com/yeasts/e/yeasts/candida-dubliniensis/": {"t": "Candida dubliniensis", "s": "Opportunistic yeast closely related to Candida albicans, often misidentified."}, "https://codexery.com/yeasts/e/yeasts/candida-oleophila/": {"t": "Candida oleophila", "s": "A yeast used as a biocontrol agent against post-harvest fruit decay."}, "https://codexery.com/yeasts/e/yeasts/debaryomyces-hansenii/": {"t": "Debaryomyces hansenii", "s": "An osmotolerant yeast found in cheese, beer, and hypersaline waters."}, "https://codexery.com/yeasts/e/yeasts/diutina-catenulata/": {"t": "Diutina catenulata", "s": "A globally distributed yeast with bioremediation potential and rare pathogenicity."}, "https://codexery.com/yeasts/e/yeasts/scheffersomyces-stipitis/": {"t": "Scheffersomyces stipitis", "s": "Yeast with highest natural xylose-to-ethanol fermentation ability."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/latin/": {"t": "Latin", "s": "A classical language of the Italic branch, Latin evolved into the Romance languages and remained a key scholarly tongue into the early 19th century."}, "https://codexery.com/trees-shrubs/e/trees-and-shrubs/conifer/": {"t": "Conifer", "s": "Woody, cone-bearing plants dominant in northern forests."}, "https://codexery.com/cellular-biology/e/cellular-biology/flagellum/": {"t": "Flagellum", "s": "A hair-like appendage providing motility across all domains of life."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/lysine/": {"t": "Lysine", "s": "Essential α-amino acid crucial for protein synthesis and metabolism.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/lysine.webp", "c": "Olaneli · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/e/ecology-and-behavior/parasitism/": {"t": "Parasitism", "s": "A close, harmful relationship where one organism exploits another.", "i": "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/img/ecology-and-behavior/parasitism.webp", "c": "Soebe · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "/e/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/oomycete/": {"t": "Oomycete", "s": "Fungus-like pathogens of plants, now classified with algae."}, "https://codexery.com/biology-concepts/e/biology-concepts/mitosis/": {"t": "Mitosis", "s": "The division that ensures genetic identity across cell generations."}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology-and-cell-biology/e/microbiology-and-cell-biology/mycelium/": {"t": "Mycelium", "s": "Fungal network that decomposes, nourishes plants, and inspires sustainable materials."}, "https://codexery.com/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/e/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/prokaryote/": {"t": "Prokaryote", "s": "Single-celled organisms without a nucleus, foundational to life on Earth.", "i": "https://codexery.com/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/img/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/prokaryote.webp", "c": "Mariana Ruiz Villarreal, LadyofHats translated in gujarati by User:Sushant_savla · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/potato/": {"t": "Potato", "s": "A starchy tuber domesticated in the Andes, now a global staple."}, "https://codexery.com/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/e/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/cellulose/": {"t": "Cellulose", "s": "The most abundant organic polymer on Earth, essential for plant cell walls and industrial products."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/scotland/": {"t": "Scotland", "s": "A country of ancient kingdoms, rugged highlands, and deep lochs."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/france/": {"t": "France", "s": "A global centre of art, science, cuisine and philosophy."}, "https://codexery.com/ubisoft-franchises/e/ubisoft-franchises/tom-clancy-s-splinter-cell/": {"t": "Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell", "s": "A stealth-action series following NSA agent Sam Fisher."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/postage-stamp/": {"t": "Postage stamp", "s": "A postage stamp is a small piece of paper issued by a post office, postal administration, or other authorized vendors to customers who pay postage."}, "https://codexery.com/invertebrates/e/invertebrates/arthropod/": {"t": "Arthropod", "s": "Invertebrates with jointed limbs and exoskeletons, dominating animal diversity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/invertebrates/img/invertebrates/arthropod.webp", "c": "Cédric Aria, Fangchen Zhao, Han Zeng, Jin Guo, Maoyan Zhu Diego C. García-Bellid · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/polysaccharide/": {"t": "Polysaccharide", "s": "Polysaccharides are abundant carbohydrates serving storage and structural roles."}, "https://codexery.com/american-post-apocalyptic-television/e/american-post-apocalyptic-television-series/the-last-of-us-tv-series/": {"t": "The Last of Us (TV series)", "s": "A fungal apocalypse forces a hardened survivor and a teenage girl across America."}, "https://codexery.com/common-infections-and-diseases/e/common-infections-and-diseases/zoonosis/": {"t": "Zoonosis", "s": "Infectious diseases transmitted from animals to humans."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/scientific-american/": {"t": "Scientific American", "s": "Oldest continuously published U.S. magazine."}, "https://codexery.com/arachnids-myriapods/e/arachnids-and-myriapods/tarantula/": {"t": "Tarantula", "s": "Large, hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae."}, "https://codexery.com/science-fiction-horror-novels/e/science-fiction-horror-novels/the-girl-with-all-the-gifts/": {"t": "The Girl with All the Gifts", "s": "A post-apocalyptic novel about a fungal infection and a gifted child."}, "/e/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/candida-albicans/": {"t": "Candida albicans", "s": "Opportunistic yeast causing candidiasis; model fungal pathogen.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/img/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/candida-albicans.webp", "c": "DataBase Center for Life Science (DBCLS) · CC BY 4.0"}, "/e/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/mold/": {"t": "Mold", "s": "Molds are diverse fungi that spoil food but also yield medicines and fermented foods."}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology-and-cell-biology/e/microbiology-and-cell-biology/mycology/": {"t": "Mycology", "s": "Study of fungi, including taxonomy, genetics, and human use."}, "https://codexery.com/french-inventions/e/french-inventions/canning/": {"t": "Canning", "s": "A French method of preserving food in sealed containers."}, "https://codexery.com/nutrition-and-diet/e/nutrition-and-diet/nutrition/": {"t": "Nutrition", "s": "The biochemical process by which organisms use food and water."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/mushroom/": {"t": "Mushroom", "s": "Fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus."}, "https://codexery.com/medications-and-pharmacology/e/medications-and-pharmacology/psilocybin/": {"t": "Psilocybin", "s": "Naturally occurring psychedelic alkaloid with therapeutic potential."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/protein-nutrient/": {"t": "Protein (nutrient)", "s": "Essential nutrient providing amino acids for body structure and function."}, "https://codexery.com/nutrition-and-diet/e/nutrition-and-diet/riboflavin/": {"t": "Riboflavin", "s": "Water-soluble vitamin essential for energy metabolism and coenzyme synthesis."}, "https://codexery.com/nutrition-and-diet/e/nutrition-and-diet/pantothenic-acid/": {"t": "Pantothenic acid", "s": "Essential B vitamin required for coenzyme A synthesis."}, "https://codexery.com/cardiovascular-blood/e/cardiovascular-and-blood/cardiovascular-disease/": {"t": "Cardiovascular disease", "s": "Cardiovascular disease is the top global killer, largely preventable."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/ancient-rome/": {"t": "Ancient Rome", "s": "Ancient Rome spanned from 753 BC to 476 AD."}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-medicine/e/physiology-and-medicine/antibiotic/": {"t": "Antibiotic", "s": "Antibiotics are antimicrobial substances active against bacteria."}, "/e/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/basidiomycota/": {"t": "Basidiomycota", "s": "One of two major fungal divisions, including mushrooms, rusts, and smuts.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/img/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/basidiomycota.webp", "c": "Malena Lorente · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/taxonomy-evolution/e/taxonomy-and-evolution/genus/": {"t": "Genus", "s": "A taxonomic rank above species and below family, used in biological classification."}, "https://codexery.com/plant-families-taxonomy/e/plant-families-and-taxonomy/cyperaceae/": {"t": "Cyperaceae", "s": "Sedges are grass-like plants with triangular stems and diverse wetland habitats."}, "https://codexery.com/science-measurement/e/science-and-measurement/optical-microscope/": {"t": "Optical microscope", "s": "Uses visible light and lenses to magnify small objects.", "i": "https://codexery.com/science-measurement/img/science-and-measurement/optical-microscope.webp", "c": "Unknown author · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/e/ecology-and-behavior/mutualism-biology/": {"t": "Mutualism (biology)", "s": "Ecological interaction where each species has a net benefit."}, "https://codexery.com/gemstones/e/gemstones/amber/": {"t": "Amber", "s": "Fossilized tree resin valued since Neolithic times."}, "https://codexery.com/geology/e/geology/cretaceous/": {"t": "Cretaceous", "s": "The longest geological period, marked by warm climates, dinosaurs, and the rise of flowering plants, ending with a mass extinction.", "i": "https://codexery.com/geology/img/geology/cretaceous.webp", "c": "James St. John · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/geology-earth-surface/e/geology-and-earth-surface/sediment/": {"t": "Sediment", "s": "Loose particles transported and deposited by natural processes."}, "https://codexery.com/geology/e/geology/cretaceous-paleogene-extinction-event/": {"t": "Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event", "s": "Mass extinction that ended the age of non-avian dinosaurs.", "i": "https://codexery.com/geology/img/geology/cretaceous-paleogene-extinction-event.webp", "c": "Wilson44691 · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/genetics/e/genetics/dna-sequencing/": {"t": "DNA sequencing", "s": "Determining the order of nucleotides in DNA."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/japanese-cuisine/": {"t": "Japanese cuisine", "s": "Traditional Japanese cuisine emphasizes seasonal ingredients and balance."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/chinese-cuisine/": {"t": "Chinese cuisine", "s": "A diverse culinary tradition shaped by geography, history, and global influence."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/japanese-language/": {"t": "Japanese language", "s": "The principal language of the Japonic family, spoken by over 123 million people, primarily in Japan."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/korean-language/": {"t": "Korean language", "s": "Korean is a Koreanic language official in both North and South Korea."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/languages-of-the-world/vietnamese-language/": {"t": "Vietnamese language", "s": "Austroasiatic language of Vietnam with over 86 million native speakers."}, "https://codexery.com/tree-species/e/tree-species/willow/": {"t": "Willow", "s": "Willows are diverse trees and shrubs of the genus Salix."}, "https://codexery.com/nutrition-and-diet/e/nutrition-and-diet/folate/": {"t": "Folate", "s": "Essential B vitamin for DNA synthesis and fetal development."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/rice/": {"t": "Rice", "s": "Staple grain for over half the world's population."}, "https://codexery.com/reproduction-development/e/reproduction-and-development/reproduction/": {"t": "Reproduction", "s": "Biological process producing offspring from parent or parents.", "i": "https://codexery.com/reproduction-development/img/reproduction-and-development/reproduction.webp", "c": "MAKY.OREL · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/medications-and-pharmacology/e/medications-and-pharmacology/penicillin/": {"t": "Penicillin", "s": "A group of β-lactam antibiotics from Penicillium moulds."}, "https://codexery.com/common-infections-and-diseases/e/common-infections-and-diseases/athlete-s-foot/": {"t": "Athlete's foot", "s": "A common fungal skin infection of the feet, first described in the early 20th century."}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology-and-immunology/e/microbiology-and-immunology/phylogenetic-tree/": {"t": "Phylogenetic tree", "s": "Branching diagram showing evolutionary relationships among species."}, "https://codexery.com/baking/e/baking/yeast/": {"t": "Yeast", "s": "Unicellular fungi essential for fermentation and biological research."}, "https://codexery.com/taxonomy-evolution/e/taxonomy-and-evolution/kingdom-taxonomy/": {"t": "Kingdom (taxonomy)", "s": "Second highest taxonomic rank, below domain."}, "https://codexery.com/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/e/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/protist/": {"t": "Protist", "s": "Eukaryotes that are not animals, plants, or fungi.", "i": "https://codexery.com/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/img/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/protist.webp", "c": "Respectively: Claire Fackler, CINMS, NOAA, User:Wiedehopf20 , Frank Fox, Patrick · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/organic-compound/": {"t": "Organic compound", "s": "Carbon-based compounds central to life and chemistry."}, "https://codexery.com/plant-biology/e/plant-biology/photosynthesis/": {"t": "Photosynthesis", "s": "The process by which plants and other organisms convert light into chemical energy."}, "https://codexery.com/algae-and-protists/e/algae-and-protists/flagellate/": {"t": "Flagellate", "s": "Organisms with whip-like flagella for movement and feeding."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/greek-language/": {"t": "Greek language", "s": "Greek is the world's oldest recorded living language."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-behavior/e/animal-behavior/symbiosis/": {"t": "Symbiosis", "s": "Close, long-term interactions between different species."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/organic-matter/": {"t": "Organic matter", "s": "Carbon-based 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"https://codexery.com/microbiology-and-immunology/e/microbiology-and-immunology/phylogenetics/": {"t": "Phylogenetics", "s": "Study of evolutionary history through heritable traits and phylogenetic trees."}, "https://codexery.com/science-measurement/e/science-and-measurement/polymerase-chain-reaction/": {"t": "Polymerase chain reaction", "s": "PCR amplifies specific DNA sequences rapidly for study."}, "https://codexery.com/botany-plant-biology/e/botany-and-plant-biology/tuber/": {"t": "Tuber", "s": "Enlarged plant storage organs derived from stems or roots."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/idaho/": {"t": "Idaho", "s": "The Gem State", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/idaho.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/recipes/e/classic-dishes/tempura/": {"t": "Tempura", "s": "Japanese dish of battered and deep-fried seafood and vegetables."}, "https://codexery.com/japanese-cuisine/e/japanese-cuisine/soba/": {"t": "Soba", "s": "Japanese buckwheat noodles served hot or cold."}, "https://codexery.com/surgery-trauma/e/surgery-and-trauma/breast-cancer/": {"t": "Breast cancer", "s": "A cancer from breast tissue; leading cancer in women."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-anatomy/e/animal-anatomy/cell-nucleus/": {"t": "Cell nucleus", "s": "Membrane-bound organelle containing the cell's genome.", "i": "https://codexery.com/animal-anatomy/img/animal-anatomy/cell-nucleus.webp", "c": "Szajci · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology-and-cell-biology/e/microbiology-and-cell-biology/microorganism/": {"t": "Microorganism", "s": "Microscopic organisms that shape life, health, and history."}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology/e/microbiology/biodegradation/": {"t": "Biodegradation", "s": "Microorganisms break down organic matter over time."}, "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/e/food-and-drink/food-preservation/": {"t": "Food preservation", "s": "Methods to slow spoilage and reduce food waste."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism-and-radiation/e/electromagnetism-and-radiation/ultraviolet/": {"t": "Ultraviolet", "s": "Electromagnetic radiation beyond violet, with both harmful and beneficial effects."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/alexander-fleming/": {"t": "Alexander Fleming", "s": "Scottish physician and microbiologist who discovered the first antibiotic, penicillin, in 1928."}, "https://codexery.com/pioneers-of-medicine/e/pioneers-of-medicine/howard-florey/": {"t": "Howard Florey", "s": "Australian pharmacologist who turned penicillin into a life-saving drug.", "i": "https://codexery.com/pioneers-of-medicine/img/pioneers-of-medicine/howard-florey.webp", "c": "Pangalau · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/morchella-esculenta/": {"t": "Morchella esculenta", "s": "A prized edible fungus with a honeycomb cap."}, "https://codexery.com/spanish-cuisine/e/spanish-cuisine/catalan-cuisine/": {"t": "Catalan cuisine", "s": "Mediterranean cuisine blending mountain and coastal traditions."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/french-cuisine/": {"t": "French cuisine", "s": "French cuisine shaped Western cookery and gained UNESCO heritage status."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/north-america/": {"t": "North America", "s": "Third-largest continent by area; fourth-largest by population.", "i": "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/img/regions-and-cultural-spheres/north-america.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: North America · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/spain/": {"t": "Spain", "s": "A country spanning the Iberian Peninsula, with a history from Roman Hispania to a modern constitutional monarchy."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/europe/": {"t": "Europe", "s": "Second-smallest continent, birthplace of Western civilisation and European Union."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/patagonia/": {"t": "Patagonia", "s": "A vast region spanning southern South America, shared by Argentina and Chile.", "i": "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/img/countries-and-regions/patagonia.webp", "c": "Argentixs · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/cultural-and-historical-regions/pacific-northwest/": {"t": "Pacific Northwest", "s": "Bi-national region shaped by indigenous cultures and the Canada–U.S. border."}, "https://codexery.com/trees-and-forest-species/e/trees-and-forest-species/populus/": {"t": "Populus", "s": "A genus of fast-growing trees including poplars, aspens, and cottonwoods.", "i": "https://codexery.com/trees-and-forest-species/img/trees-and-forest-species/populus.webp", "c": "Dmitry Makeev · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/morchella/": {"t": "Morchella", "s": "Edible fungi with honeycomb caps, prized in gourmet cuisine."}, "https://codexery.com/common-plants-and-crops/e/common-plants-and-crops/pine/": {"t": "Pine", "s": "Pines are evergreen conifers with needles in bundles and woody cones."}, "https://codexery.com/tree-species/e/tree-species/elm/": {"t": "Elm", "s": "Deciduous and semi-deciduous trees of the genus Ulmus, widespread across the Northern Hemisphere."}, "https://codexery.com/trees-and-forest-species/e/trees-and-forest-species/liriodendron/": {"t": "Liriodendron", "s": "Genus of two large deciduous trees with tulip-shaped flowers.", "i": "https://codexery.com/trees-and-forest-species/img/trees-and-forest-species/liriodendron.webp", "c": "Christian Pirkl · CC BY-SA 3.0 at"}, "https://codexery.com/tree-species/e/tree-species/fraxinus/": {"t": "Fraxinus", "s": "A genus of deciduous and evergreen trees in the olive family, known for strong, elastic wood and widespread distribution across the Northern Hemisphere."}, "https://codexery.com/tree-species/e/tree-species/hickory/": {"t": "Hickory", "s": "Hickory trees valued for nuts, wood, and ecological roles."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/minnesota/": {"t": "Minnesota", "s": "Land of 10,000 Lakes, 32nd state, Twin Cities hub.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/minnesota.webp", "c": "Myotus · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/inorganic-compounds-materials/e/inorganic-compounds-and-materials/hydrazine/": {"t": "Hydrazine", "s": "A versatile inorganic compound used in propellants, foams, and pharmaceuticals.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inorganic-compounds-materials/img/inorganic-compounds-and-materials/hydrazine.webp", "c": "Ben Mills · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cooking/e/cooking-techniques/blanching-cooking/": {"t": "Blanching (cooking)", "s": "Partial cooking process that deactivates enzymes to preserve food."}, "/e/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/glomeromycota/": {"t": "Glomeromycota", "s": "Fungal division forming arbuscular mycorrhizas with most land plants."}, "https://codexery.com/chemical-elements-metals/e/chemical-elements-and-metals/phosphorus/": {"t": "Phosphorus", "s": "The element that glows, burns, and sustains life."}, "https://codexery.com/flowering-plant-families/e/flowering-plant-families/brassicaceae/": {"t": "Brassicaceae", "s": "A family of flowering plants including mustards, cabbages, and Arabidopsis."}, "https://codexery.com/plant-families-taxonomy/e/plant-families-and-taxonomy/flowering-plant/": {"t": "Flowering plant", "s": "Flowering plants dominate land habitats and sustain human agriculture."}, "https://codexery.com/conifers-and-gymnosperms/e/conifers-and-gymnosperms/pinaceae/": {"t": "Pinaceae", "s": "The largest conifer family, dominant in Northern Hemisphere forests."}, "https://codexery.com/herbs-spices-medicinal/e/herbs-and-spices-and-medicinal/legume/": {"t": "Legume", "s": "Legumes are nitrogen-fixing plants vital for food and soil fertility."}, "https://codexery.com/insects-and-their-relatives/e/insects-and-their-relatives/springtail/": {"t": "Springtail", "s": "Small hexapods that jump using a tail-like furcula."}, "https://codexery.com/plant-families-taxonomy/e/plant-families-and-taxonomy/ericales/": {"t": "Ericales", "s": "A diverse order of flowering plants with many economically important species."}, "https://codexery.com/nutrition-and-diet/e/nutrition-and-diet/nutrient/": {"t": "Nutrient", "s": "Substance used by organisms to survive, grow, and reproduce."}, "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/e/ecology-and-behavior/herbivore/": {"t": "Herbivore", "s": "Animals adapted to feed primarily on plants."}, "https://codexery.com/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/e/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/protozoa/": {"t": "Protozoa", "s": "Polyphyletic group of single-celled eukaryotes, historically seen as first animals.", "i": "https://codexery.com/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/img/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/protozoa.webp", "c": "Pitelka, Dorothy R. (Dorothy Riggs), 1920- · No restrictions"}, "https://codexery.com/cellular-biology/e/cellular-biology/centriole/": {"t": "Centriole", "s": "Cylindrical organelle key to cell division and cilia formation."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics-fundamentals/e/genetics-fundamentals/horizontal-gene-transfer/": {"t": "Horizontal gene transfer", "s": "Movement of genetic material between organisms not via parent-to-offspring inheritance."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/mitochondria/": {"t": "Mitochondria", "s": "Double-membraned organelles that produce cellular energy as ATP."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide/": {"t": "Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide", "s": "Coenzyme central to metabolism, carrying electrons in redox reactions."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics-fundamentals/e/genetics-fundamentals/genome/": {"t": "Genome", "s": "The complete set of genetic material in an organism."}, "https://codexery.com/american-nobel-laureates/e/laureates/edward-lawrie-tatum/": {"t": "Edward Lawrie Tatum", "s": "American geneticist and Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/nature-journal/": {"t": "Nature (journal)", "s": "British weekly journal of peer-reviewed natural science research.", "i": "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/img/media-and-publishing/nature-journal.webp", "c": "ESO/M. 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