Flowering Trees & Shrubs Codexery

Magnoliids

A clade of flowering plants including magnolias, nutmeg, bay laurel, cinnamon, avocado, black pepper, and tulip tree.

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Magnoliids are a clade of flowering plants with over 10,000 species, including magnolias, nutmeg, and avocado.[1] The group is the third-largest of angiosperms after eudicots and monocots.[1] Magnoliids, a clade with over 10,000 species, have flowers with parts in multiples of three, pollen grains that each have a single opening, and leaves that typically have branching veins.[1]

Scientific classification

  1. CladeTracheophytes
  2. CladeAngiosperms
  3. CladeMagnoliids

Sources: Wikipedia taxobox: Magnoliids (CC BY-SA 4.0)

Quick Facts

Field
Botany
Species count
More than 10,000
Key orders
  • Canellales
  • Laurales
  • Magnoliales
  • Piperales

Facts from the source article.

Biology and range

Some magnoliid members are among the earliest angiosperms and share anatomical similarities with gymnosperms.[2] Within the angiosperms, this clade contains the majority of the early-diverging groups.[3] Under the PhyloCode, the group is now defined as a node-based clade that includes the orders Canellales, Laurales, Magnoliales, and Piperales.[4] Dahlgren's classification of Magnolianae included ten orders, a higher number than what was found in contemporary systems.[5]

Thorne's 2000 revision limited the Magnoliidae to just the Magnolianae, Nymphaeanae, and Rafflesianae.[6] The APG III system acknowledges a clade named magnoliids that exists within the angiosperms.[7]

What the specialist sources record

According to "Flowering Plants of the World", both soursop and sweetsop are now extensively cultivated in the Old World for their fruit.[8][9] A 2001 publication on food safety notes that several magnoliids, including black pepper, nutmeg, bay laurel, and cinnamon, have been significant food additives.[10][11]

References

  1. Wikipedia, "Magnoliids" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Wu, "Evolution of NLR Resistance Genes in Magnoliids: Dramatic Expansions of CNLS and Multiple Losses of TNLS", Frontiers in Plant Science, 2021 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  2. Wikipedia, "Magnoliids" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Botany Illustrated: Introduction to Plants Major Groups Flowering Plant Families", Thomson Science, 1984, p. 26; Magallon, "A metacalibrated time-tree documents the early rise of flowering plant phylogenetic diversity", New Phytologist, 2015, p. 437–453; Zeng, "Resolution of deep angiosperm phylogeny using conserved nuclear genes and estimates of early divergence times", Nature Communications, 24 September 2014 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  3. Wikipedia, "Magnoliids" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Cantino, "Towards a phylogenetic nomenclature of Tracheophyta", Taxon, 2007, p. E1–E44 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  4. Wikipedia, "Magnoliids" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, Art. 16 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  5. Wikipedia, "Magnoliids" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Dahlgren, "A revised system of classification of angiosperms", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 1980, p. 91–124 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  6. Wikipedia, "Magnoliids" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Thorne, "The classification and geography of the flowering plants: Dicotyledons of the class Angiospermae", Botanical Review, 2000, p. 441–647 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  7. Wikipedia, "Magnoliids" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "A phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, p. 122–127 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  8. Open Library record, ISBN 0195210379 ("Flowering plants of the world"). CC0 (metadata); book content not read. openlibrary.org
  9. Wikipedia, "Magnoliids" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Flowering Plants of the World", Oxford University Press, 1993, p. 27–42 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  10. Open Library record, ISBN 0854042709 ("Food Safety and Food Quality (Issues in Environmental Science and Technology)"). CC0 (metadata); book content not read. openlibrary.org
  11. Wikipedia, "Magnoliids" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Hester, "Food safety and food quality", Royal Society of Chemistry, 2001, p. 118 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org

Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Magnoliids (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.

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Sources

Compiled from Wikipedia and the sources listed below. Text from Wikipedia is available under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is adapted from it.

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