{"https://codexery.com/international-cinema/e/international-cinema/hema-malini/": {"t": "Hema Malini", "s": "Indian actress, director, producer, and BJP politician from Mathura."}, "https://codexery.com/bollywood-icons/e/bollywood-icons/amitabh-bachchan/": {"t": "Amitabh Bachchan", "s": "Indian actor, playback singer, and producer in Hindi cinema."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/hindi/": {"t": "Hindi", "s": "Official language of India and lingua franca of northern India."}, "https://codexery.com/indian-states/e/indian-states/karnataka/": {"t": "Karnataka", "s": "The Land of Elevated Heritage and Innovation", "i": "https://codexery.com/indian-states/img/indian-states/karnataka.webp", "c": "Rajeshodayanchal · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/soviet-union/": {"t": "Soviet Union", "s": "The world's flagship communist state and a superpower spanning Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/islamic-concepts-and-practices/imam/": {"t": "Imam", "s": "Islamic leadership role with differing Sunni and Shia interpretations."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/hindustani-language/": {"t": "Hindustani language", "s": "A pluricentric lingua franca of northern India and Pakistan."}, "https://codexery.com/writing-systems/e/writing-systems/devanagari/": {"t": "Devanagari", "s": "Devanagari is a left-to-right abugida used for over 120 languages.", "i": "https://codexery.com/writing-systems/img/writing-systems/devanagari.webp", "c": "Symphonicallyu · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/akira-kurosawa/": {"t": "Akira Kurosawa", "s": "One of the greatest and most influential filmmakers in cinema history."}, "https://codexery.com/international-cinema/e/international-cinema/mother-india/": {"t": "Mother India", "s": "Epic drama of a mother's struggle and sacrifice."}, "https://codexery.com/bollywood-icons/e/bollywood-icons/dilip-kumar/": {"t": "Dilip Kumar", "s": "The Tragedy King of Indian Cinema"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/mumbai/": {"t": "Mumbai", "s": "Financial and entertainment capital of India, built on seven islands."}, "https://codexery.com/international-cinema/e/international-cinema/hindi-cinema/": {"t": "Hindi cinema", "s": "India's Hindi-language film industry based in Mumbai."}, "/e/film-history/the-jazz-singer/": {"t": "The Jazz Singer", "s": "First feature-length part-talkie with synchronized music and speech.", "i": "https://codexery.com/film-history/img/film-history/the-jazz-singer.webp", "c": "Hap Hadley (illustrator) Warner Bros. (producer) · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/sound-recording-and-reproduction/": {"t": "Sound recording and reproduction", "s": "Technology for inscribing and recreating sound waves."}, "https://codexery.com/musical-forms-and-genres/e/musical-forms-and-genres/orchestra/": {"t": "Orchestra", "s": "Large instrumental ensemble central to classical and romantic music."}, "https://codexery.com/music-theory-and-composition/e/music-theory-and-composition/sheet-music/": {"t": "Sheet music", "s": "Written musical notation enabling performance and study of music."}, "https://codexery.com/music-theory/e/music-theory/musical-improvisation/": {"t": "Musical improvisation", "s": "Spontaneous musical composition performed in the moment."}, "https://codexery.com/film-history-milestones/e/film-history-and-milestones/city-lights/": {"t": "City Lights", "s": "A silent masterpiece that defied the talkie era."}, "https://codexery.com/finnish-inventions/e/finnish-inventions/sound-film/": {"t": "Sound film", "s": "Motion picture with synchronized sound, commercially viable by the late 1920s."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors/e/great-inventors/thomas-edison/": {"t": "Thomas Edison", "s": "The Wizard of Menlo Park who lit up the world", "i": "https://codexery.com/inventors/img/great-inventors/thomas-edison.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Thomas Edison · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/chemical-substances-and-materials/e/chemical-substances-and-materials/nitrocellulose/": {"t": "Nitrocellulose", "s": "Highly flammable compound used in explosives, photography, and lacquers.", "i": "https://codexery.com/chemical-substances-and-materials/img/chemical-substances-and-materials/nitrocellulose.webp", "c": "Aleksander Sobolewski · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/french-inventions/e/french-inventions/animation/": {"t": "Animation", "s": "Animation creates the illusion of life through sequenced images."}, "https://codexery.com/film-history-milestones/e/film-history-and-milestones/cinematography/": {"t": "Cinematography", "s": "Art of capturing and projecting moving images."}, "https://codexery.com/photographers/e/photographers/eadweard-muybridge/": {"t": "Eadweard Muybridge", "s": "Pioneer of motion photography", "i": "https://codexery.com/photographers/img/photographers/eadweard-muybridge.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Eadweard Muybridge · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/film-theater/e/film-and-theater/lumi-re-brothers/": {"t": "Lumière brothers", "s": "French manufacturers of photography equipment, best known for their motion picture system."}, "https://codexery.com/film-history-milestones/e/film-history-and-milestones/cinema-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "Cinema of the United States", "s": "Hollywood shaped global cinema from the early 20th century."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/gene-kelly/": {"t": "Gene Kelly", "s": "The dancer who brought ballet to the masses and transformed the Hollywood musical."}, "https://codexery.com/auteur-directors/e/auteur-directors/stanley-donen/": {"t": "Stanley Donen", "s": "American film director and choreographer of classic musicals and later independent films."}, "https://codexery.com/screen-legends/e/screen-legends/debbie-reynolds/": {"t": "Debbie Reynolds", "s": "The unsinkable star of stage, screen, and song.", "i": "https://codexery.com/screen-legends/img/screen-legends/debbie-reynolds.webp", "c": "Bob Beerman and Bert Parry (page 39) · via Wikipedia: Debbie Reynolds · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/dance-pioneers/e/dance-pioneers/cyd-charisse/": {"t": "Cyd Charisse", "s": "American dancer and actress known for MGM musicals.", "i": "https://codexery.com/dance-pioneers/img/dance-pioneers/cyd-charisse.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Cyd Charisse · see source"}, "/e/film-history/silent-film/": {"t": "Silent film", "s": "Silent films conveyed narrative and emotion visually, with live musical accompaniment.", "i": "https://codexery.com/film-history/img/film-history/silent-film.webp", "c": "Illuminating Company (Cleveland, Ohio) Publicity Department · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/modern-leading-men-women/e/modern-leading-men-and-women/rita-moreno/": {"t": "Rita Moreno", "s": "Puerto Rican actress, EGOT winner, and Golden Age star.", "i": "https://codexery.com/modern-leading-men-women/img/modern-leading-men-and-women/rita-moreno.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Rita Moreno · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/library-of-congress/": {"t": "Library of Congress", "s": "Oldest federal cultural institution and de facto national library of the United States.", "i": "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/img/media-and-publishing/library-of-congress.webp", "c": "Library of Congress Life · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/classical-opera/e/classical-and-opera/cole-porter/": {"t": "Cole Porter", "s": "American composer and songwriter of witty Broadway and film standards.", "i": "https://codexery.com/classical-opera/img/classical-and-opera/cole-porter.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Cole Porter · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/composers-musicians/e/composers-and-musicians/irving-berlin/": {"t": "Irving Berlin", "s": "Russian-born American songwriter and composer whose music forms a large part of the Great American Songbook.", "i": "https://codexery.com/composers-musicians/img/composers-and-musicians/irving-berlin.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Irving Berlin · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/music-legends/e/music-legends/rodgers-and-hammerstein/": {"t": "Rodgers and Hammerstein", "s": "Collaborative team that defined the golden age of musical theater.", "i": "https://codexery.com/music-legends/img/music-legends/rodgers-and-hammerstein.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Rodgers and Hammerstein · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/ballet-dance-masters/e/ballet-and-dance-masters/fred-astaire/": {"t": "Fred Astaire", "s": "American dancer and actor, regarded as the greatest popular-music dancer of all time."}, "https://codexery.com/christopher-nolan/e/people/rko-pictures/": {"t": "RKO Pictures", "s": "One of Hollywood's Big Five studios from the Golden Age."}, "https://codexery.com/children-s-and-young-adult-literature/e/childrens-and-young-adult-literature/brothers-grimm/": {"t": "Brothers Grimm", "s": "German academics who collected and popularized European folktales."}, "https://codexery.com/american-fantasy-film-directors/e/american-fantasy-film-directors/wilfred-jackson/": {"t": "Wilfred Jackson", "s": "Disney animator and director of classic shorts and features."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/los-angeles/": {"t": "Los Angeles", "s": "The City of Angels, a global hub of culture and commerce."}, "https://codexery.com/a24-films/e/people/academy-award-for-best-original-score/": {"t": "Academy Award for Best Original Score", "s": "Annual award for original dramatic film underscoring."}, "https://codexery.com/a24-films/e/people/academy-awards/": {"t": "Academy Awards", "s": "Annual awards for cinematic excellence since 1929."}, "https://codexery.com/classic-hollywood-icons/e/classic-hollywood-icons/shirley-temple/": {"t": "Shirley Temple", "s": "American actress, singer, dancer, politician, and diplomat; Hollywood's number-one box-office draw as a child actress"}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-recreation/e/sports-and-recreation/amusement-park/": {"t": "Amusement park", "s": "Stationary parks offering rides, games, and entertainment for all ages."}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-recreation/e/sports-and-recreation/video-game/": {"t": "Video game", "s": "Electronic games with visual feedback from a display device."}, "https://codexery.com/performing-arts-music-genres/e/performing-arts-and-music-genres/broadway-theatre/": {"t": "Broadway theatre", "s": "The highest commercial level of live theater in the English-speaking world."}, "https://codexery.com/fantasy-film-characters/e/fantasy-film-characters/evil-queen-disney/": {"t": "Evil Queen (Disney)", "s": "A vain, cruel queen who plots her stepdaughter's death."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/mary-pickford/": {"t": "Mary Pickford", "s": "The original 'America's Sweetheart' and silent film pioneer."}, "https://codexery.com/comedians-and-comic-actors/e/comedians-and-comic-actors/will-rogers/": {"t": "Will Rogers", "s": "Cherokee vaudeville star, film actor, and folksy political commentator."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/the-new-york-times/": {"t": "The New York Times", "s": "The Gray Lady, a U.S."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/time-magazine/": {"t": "Time (magazine)", "s": "A weekly news magazine that pioneered telling news through people."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/television/": {"t": "Television", "s": "A telecommunication medium for transmitting moving images and sound."}, "https://codexery.com/games-and-recreation/e/games-and-recreation/scale-model/": {"t": "Scale model", "s": "Physical model geometrically similar to a prototype for testing or display."}, "https://codexery.com/design-digital-arts/e/design-and-digital-arts/computer-generated-imagery/": {"t": "Computer-generated imagery", "s": "Computer graphics for images, animation, and simulation."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/mary-queen-of-scots/": {"t": "Mary, Queen of Scots", "s": "Queen of Scotland from infancy, imprisoned and executed by her cousin Elizabeth I."}, "https://codexery.com/film-classics/e/film-classics/a-trip-to-the-moon/": {"t": "A Trip to the Moon", "s": "A 1902 French science-fiction trick film by Georges Méliès."}, "https://codexery.com/writers-poets/e/writers-and-poets/jules-verne/": {"t": "Jules Verne", "s": "French novelist, poet, and playwright; creator of the Voyages extraordinaires."}, "https://codexery.com/space-exploration-novels/e/space-exploration-novels/from-the-earth-to-the-moon/": {"t": "From the Earth to the Moon", "s": "1865 novel about a Moon shot via giant cannon."}, "https://codexery.com/adventure-horror-films/e/adventure-horror-films/king-kong-1933-film/": {"t": "King Kong (1933 film)", "s": "A giant gorilla battles civilization for a woman, born from a visionary dream."}, "https://codexery.com/japanese-horror-films/e/japanese-horror-films/godzilla-1954-film/": {"t": "Godzilla (1954 film)", "s": "A giant monster, mutated by nuclear testing, terrorizes Japan."}, "https://codexery.com/film-and-theater-icons/e/film-and-theater-icons/stanley-kubrick/": {"t": "Stanley Kubrick", "s": "Perfectionist American director whose films across many genres became landmarks of cinema.", "i": "https://codexery.com/film-and-theater-icons/img/film-and-theater-icons/stanley-kubrick.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Stanley Kubrick · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/christopher-nolan/e/people/20th-century-studios/": {"t": "20th Century Studios", "s": "One of the major American film studios since 1935."}, "https://codexery.com/christopher-nolan/e/people/columbia-pictures/": {"t": "Columbia Pictures", "s": "A major Hollywood studio since 1924."}, "https://codexery.com/christopher-nolan/e/people/united-artists/": {"t": "United Artists", "s": "Actor-founded studio that challenged the Hollywood studio system."}, "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/e/corporations-and-conglomerates/the-walt-disney-company/": {"t": "The Walt Disney Company", "s": "American multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate.", "i": "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/img/corporations-and-conglomerates/the-walt-disney-company.webp", "c": "Disney Enterprises, Inc. · via Wikipedia: The Walt Disney Company · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/christopher-nolan/e/people/first-national-pictures/": {"t": "First National Pictures", "s": "From theater chain to major Hollywood studio."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-manufacturers/e/radio-manufacturers/rca-corporation/": {"t": "RCA Corporation", "s": "Pioneering American electronics and communications firm for over five decades."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/explorers/david-sarnoff/": {"t": "David Sarnoff", "s": "Pioneer of radio and television broadcasting, and controversial RCA executive.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/explorers/david-sarnoff.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: David Sarnoff · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/magazines/e/magazines/life-magazine/": {"t": "Life (magazine)", "s": "To see life; to see the world; to eyewitness great events", "i": "https://codexery.com/magazines/img/magazines/life-magazine.webp", "c": "Life Magazine · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/jaws/e/jaws/jaws-film/": {"t": "Jaws (film)", "s": "A man-eating great white shark terrorizes a resort town."}, "https://codexery.com/german-cuisine/e/german-cuisine/beer-garden/": {"t": "Beer garden", "s": "Outdoor beer-serving area with shared tables and tree shade.", "i": "https://codexery.com/german-cuisine/img/german-cuisine/beer-garden.webp", "c": "Mtaylor848 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/public-law/e/public-law/public-domain/": {"t": "Public domain", "s": "Creative works free from exclusive intellectual property rights.", "i": "https://codexery.com/public-law/img/public-law/public-domain.webp", "c": "Democratic Party · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/cultural-and-historical-regions/ghetto/": {"t": "Ghetto", "s": "A segregated urban area under social, legal, or economic pressure."}, "https://codexery.com/person-of-interest/e/world/lower-east-side/": {"t": "Lower East Side", "s": "Historic immigrant neighborhood in southeastern Manhattan, between the Bowery and the East River.", "i": "https://codexery.com/person-of-interest/img/world/lower-east-side.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Lower East Side · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/d-w-griffith/": {"t": "D. W. Griffith", "s": "Pioneer of film editing and narrative cinema, director of The Birth of a Nation and co-founder of United Artists."}, "https://codexery.com/world-folk-traditions/e/world-and-folk-traditions/yossele-rosenblatt/": {"t": "Yossele Rosenblatt", "s": "Ashkenazi chazzan and composer who shaped cantorial music's Golden Age."}, "https://codexery.com/stage-legends/e/stage-legends/john-barrymore/": {"t": "John Barrymore", "s": "The greatest living American tragedian who left the stage for film and became the Great Profile."}, "https://codexery.com/film-theater/e/film-and-theater/lillian-gish/": {"t": "Lillian Gish", "s": "Silent film star and pioneer of screen acting techniques."}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-united-states/e/rebellions-against-the-united-states/american-civil-war/": {"t": "American Civil War", "s": "Civil war between the Union and Confederacy over slavery and secession."}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/cultural-and-historical-regions/southern-united-states/": {"t": "Southern United States", "s": "The Southern United States: a diverse region defined by history, culture, and climate, from the Atlantic to the Gulf."}, "https://codexery.com/society-and-culture/e/society-and-culture/sexual-assault/": {"t": "Sexual assault", "s": "Sexual assault is unwanted sexual contact or coercion without consent."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/abraham-lincoln/": {"t": "Abraham Lincoln", "s": "16th president who led the Union through the Civil War and abolished slavery."}, "https://codexery.com/crime-and-deviance/e/crime-and-deviance/lynching/": {"t": "Lynching", "s": "Extrajudicial mob killing used for punishment and intimidation."}, "https://codexery.com/marriage-and-kinship/e/marriage-and-kinship/interracial-marriage/": {"t": "Interracial marriage", "s": "Marriage between spouses of different races or ethnicities.", "i": "https://codexery.com/marriage-and-kinship/img/marriage-and-kinship/interracial-marriage.webp", "c": "Rcragun · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/francis-ford-coppola/": {"t": "Francis Ford Coppola", "s": "The visionary filmmaker behind The Godfather and Apocalypse Now."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/writers/marlon-brando/": {"t": "Marlon Brando", "s": "The actor who brought naturalism to film and defied convention."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/writers/al-pacino/": {"t": "Al Pacino", "s": "One of the greatest actors of all time, Pacino achieved the Triple Crown of Acting and has starred in iconic films from The Godfather to Scent of a Woman."}, "https://codexery.com/a24-films/e/people/academy-award-for-best-picture/": {"t": "Academy Award for Best Picture", "s": "The Academy's highest honor for film production."}, "https://codexery.com/a24-films/e/awards/academy-award-for-best-supporting-actor/": {"t": "Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor", "s": "The Oscar for a supporting performance by an actor, presented since the 9th Academy Awards."}, "https://codexery.com/film-history-milestones/e/film-history-and-milestones/citizen-kane/": {"t": "Citizen Kane", "s": "The greatest film ever made, according to decades of critics' polls."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/second-world-war/": {"t": "Second World War", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Axis, deadliest in history."}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-athletics/e/sports-and-athletics/horse-racing/": {"t": "Horse racing", "s": "Ancient equestrian competition over set distances, with global gambling significance."}, "https://codexery.com/actors-from-the-golden-age-of-hollywood/e/actors-from-the-golden-age-of-hollywood/kirk-douglas/": {"t": "Kirk Douglas", "s": "The explosive star of Hollywood's Golden Age.", "i": "https://codexery.com/actors-from-the-golden-age-of-hollywood/img/actors-from-the-golden-age-of-hollywood/kirk-douglas.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Kirk Douglas · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/auteur-film-directors/e/auteur-film-directors/sergio-leone/": {"t": "Sergio Leone", "s": "The Roman director who invented the spaghetti Western and remade the myth of the American West.", "i": "https://codexery.com/auteur-film-directors/img/auteur-film-directors/sergio-leone.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Sergio Leone · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/common-plants-and-crops/e/common-plants-and-crops/pea/": {"t": "Pea", "s": "A cool-season legume grown for its edible seeds and pods."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/italy/": {"t": "Italy", "s": "A cultural superpower with the eighth-largest economy and the most UNESCO sites."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/writers/clint-eastwood/": {"t": "Clint Eastwood", "s": "The iconic actor and filmmaker who defined masculinity on screen."}, "https://codexery.com/musical-forms-and-genres/e/musical-forms-and-genres/opera/": {"t": "Opera", "s": "Western theatre where music is fundamental and singers take dramatic roles."}, "https://codexery.com/society-and-culture/e/society-and-culture/popular-culture/": {"t": "Popular culture", "s": "Dominant practices and beliefs of a society at a given time."}, "https://codexery.com/international-cinema/e/international-cinema/gian-maria-volont/": {"t": "Gian Maria Volonté", "s": "Italian actor and activist known for Westerns and political dramas."}, "https://codexery.com/screen-legends/e/screen-legends/charles-bronson/": {"t": "Charles Bronson", "s": "The granite-faced action legend who rose from the coal mines to become the world's top box-office star.", "i": "https://codexery.com/screen-legends/img/screen-legends/charles-bronson.webp", "c": "Herald American · via Wikipedia: Charles Bronson · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/cultural-and-historical-regions/southwestern-united-states/": {"t": "Southwestern United States", "s": "A land of deserts, plateaus, and cultural fusion."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/madrid/": {"t": "Madrid", "s": "Capital of Spain, political, economic and cultural centre, and home to the Royal Palace and the Golden Triangle of Art."}, "https://codexery.com/performers-and-entertainers/e/performers-and-entertainers/buster-keaton/": {"t": "Buster Keaton", "s": "Silent film comedian and stunt performer who learned through trial and error.", "i": "https://codexery.com/performers-and-entertainers/img/performers-and-entertainers/buster-keaton.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Stunt performer · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/art-movements/e/art-movements/romanticism/": {"t": "Romanticism", "s": "Movement valuing emotion, imagination, and nature over Enlightenment rationalism."}, "https://codexery.com/amateur-radio-people/e/amateur-radio-people/ernest-lehman/": {"t": "Ernest Lehman", "s": "Screenwriter, producer, and amateur radio operator K6DXK."}, "https://codexery.com/actors-filmmakers/e/actors-and-filmmakers/julie-andrews/": {"t": "Julie Andrews", "s": "The English star of Mary Poppins and The Sound of Music, with a career spanning stage, screen and books.", "i": "https://codexery.com/actors-filmmakers/img/actors-and-filmmakers/julie-andrews.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Julie Andrews · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/classical-opera/e/classical-and-opera/richard-rodgers/": {"t": "Richard Rodgers", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/e/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/anschluss/": {"t": "Anschluss", "s": "Annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany on 12 March 1938.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/img/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/anschluss.webp", "c": "Unknown author · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/vienna/": {"t": "Vienna", "s": "Capital on the Danube, heart of Austria"}, "https://codexery.com/classical-music/e/classical-music/waltz/": {"t": "Waltz", "s": "A turning dance in triple time from German-speaking Europe."}, "https://codexery.com/performers-and-entertainers/e/performers-and-entertainers/audrey-hepburn/": {"t": "Audrey Hepburn", "s": "British actress and humanitarian, ranked by the American Film Institute as the third-greatest female screen legend from the Classical Hollywood cinema.", "i": "https://codexery.com/performers-and-entertainers/img/performers-and-entertainers/audrey-hepburn.webp", "c": "FakirNL · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/writers/mary-martin/": {"t": "Mary Martin", "s": "The original Nellie Forbush, Peter Pan, and Maria von Trapp."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/alfred-hitchcock/": {"t": "Alfred Hitchcock", "s": "Master of Suspense"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/james-stewart/": {"t": "James Stewart", "s": "The everyman who soared from Hollywood to the skies."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/san-francisco/": {"t": "San Francisco", "s": "The City by the Bay, a center of liberal activism and innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/spirit-possession/e/spirit-possession/spirit-possession/": {"t": "Spirit possession", "s": "An altered state of control by a spirit across cultures."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-conditions/e/medical-conditions/major-depressive-disorder/": {"t": "Major depressive disorder", "s": "A mood disorder causing pervasive low mood and loss of interest."}, "https://codexery.com/psychopathological-syndromes/e/psychopathological-syndromes/catatonia/": {"t": "Catatonia", "s": "Neuropsychiatric syndrome with motor and behavioral abnormalities."}, "https://codexery.com/playwrights-and-dramatists/e/playwrights-and-dramatists/maxwell-anderson/": {"t": "Maxwell Anderson", "s": "American dramatist known for historical plays and verse."}, "https://codexery.com/american-thriller-television-series/e/american-thriller-television-series/alfred-hitchcock-presents/": {"t": "Alfred Hitchcock Presents", "s": "Good evening, and welcome to suspense."}, "https://codexery.com/fashion-designers/e/fashion-designers/edith-head/": {"t": "Edith Head", "s": "Record-holding costume designer with 35 Oscar nominations and 8 wins."}, "https://codexery.com/dutch-inventions/e/dutch-inventions/dvd/": {"t": "DVD", "s": "Digital optical disc format that replaced VHS for home video."}, "https://codexery.com/dutch-inventions/e/dutch-inventions/blu-ray/": {"t": "Blu-ray", "s": "The high-definition optical disc format that superseded DVD."}, "https://codexery.com/composers/e/great-composers/richard-wagner/": {"t": "Richard Wagner", "s": "German composer who revolutionized opera through his concept of the Gesamtkunstwerk.", "i": "https://codexery.com/composers/img/great-composers/richard-wagner.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Richard Wagner · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/film-and-theater-icons/e/film-and-theater-icons/yasujir-ozu/": {"t": "Yasujirō Ozu", "s": "Japanese director of quiet family dramas, including Late Spring and Tokyo Story.", "i": "https://codexery.com/film-and-theater-icons/img/film-and-theater-icons/yasujir-ozu.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Yasujirō Ozu · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/film-history-milestones/e/film-history-and-milestones/cinema-of-japan/": {"t": "Cinema of Japan", "s": "From silent-era benshi to global anime dominance: the enduring legacy of Japanese cinema."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/tokyo/": {"t": "Tokyo", "s": "The capital of Japan, a global hub of economy, culture, and innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/pacific-war/": {"t": "Pacific War", "s": "The largest theater of World War II, fought across the Pacific and Asia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/wars-and-conflicts/pacific-war.webp", "c": "Ensign Emment Regan · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/japanese-cities/e/japanese-cities/atami/": {"t": "Atami", "s": "Japanese resort city on the Izu Peninsula."}, "https://codexery.com/prefectures-of-japan/e/prefectures-of-japan/kanagawa-prefecture/": {"t": "Kanagawa Prefecture", "s": "Historic seat of the Kamakura shogunate and modern commercial hub.", "i": "https://codexery.com/prefectures-of-japan/img/prefectures-of-japan/kanagawa-prefecture.webp", "c": "Dick Thomas Johnson from Tokyo, Japan · via Wikipedia: Kanagawa Prefecture · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/painting-visual-arts/e/painting-and-visual-arts/minimalism/": {"t": "Minimalism", "s": "Art reduced to essentials, focusing on the object and viewer's experience."}, "https://codexery.com/film-theater/e/film-and-theater/martin-scorsese/": {"t": "Martin Scorsese", "s": "American filmmaker and major figure of the New Hollywood era."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/entertainment-weekly/": {"t": "Entertainment Weekly", "s": "Entertainment Weekly (sometimes abbreviated as EW) is an American digital-only entertainment magazine based in New York City, published by People Inc., that cov", "i": "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/img/magazines-and-newspapers/entertainment-weekly.webp", "c": "http://www.ew.com/sites/default/files/i/imgs/100305//feb161990-lang_249.jpg · via Wikipedia: Entertainment Weekly · Fair use"}, "https://codexery.com/actors-filmmakers/e/actors-and-filmmakers/ingmar-bergman/": {"t": "Ingmar Bergman", "s": "Swedish filmmaker known for personal meditations on psyche and soul.", "i": "https://codexery.com/actors-filmmakers/img/actors-and-filmmakers/ingmar-bergman.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Ingmar Bergman · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/writers/max-von-sydow/": {"t": "Max von Sydow", "s": "The Swedish icon who challenged Death to a game of chess."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/latin/": {"t": "Latin", "s": "A classical language of the Italic branch, Latin evolved into the Romance languages and remained a key scholarly tongue into the early 19th century."}, "https://codexery.com/great-collapses/e/great-collapses/the-black-death/": {"t": "The Black Death", "s": "The deadliest pandemic in recorded history, the Black Death reshaped Europe and the Middle East.", "i": "https://codexery.com/great-collapses/img/great-collapses/the-black-death.webp", "c": "Jakub Hałun · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/stockholm/": {"t": "Stockholm", "s": "The capital of Sweden, spanning fourteen islands where Lake Mälaren meets the Baltic Sea."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/christian-sacred-texts/book-of-revelation/": {"t": "Book of Revelation", "s": "The last book of the New Testament, an apocalyptic prophecy."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/albert-camus/": {"t": "Albert Camus", "s": "French philosopher and Nobel laureate, key figure in absurdism."}, "https://codexery.com/mystery-crime-writers/e/mystery-and-crime-writers/g-k-chesterton/": {"t": "G. K. Chesterton", "s": "English writer known for wit, paradox, and Christian apologetics.", "i": "https://codexery.com/mystery-crime-writers/img/mystery-and-crime-writers/g-k-chesterton.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: G. K. Chesterton · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/luigi-pirandello/": {"t": "Luigi Pirandello", "s": "Italian dramatist awarded the 1934 Nobel Prize in Literature."}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/moli-re/": {"t": "Molière", "s": "French playwright, actor, and poet, master of comedy.", "i": "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/img/authors-and-poets/moli-re.webp", "c": "Pierre Mignard I · via Wikipedia: Molière · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/composers/e/great-composers/johann-sebastian-bach/": {"t": "Johann Sebastian Bach", "s": "Master of counterpoint and Baroque composition", "i": "https://codexery.com/composers/img/great-composers/johann-sebastian-bach.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: List of compositions by Johann Sebastian Bach · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/plays-drama/e/plays-and-drama/hamlet/": {"t": "Hamlet", "s": "A tragedy of revenge, madness, and moral uncertainty."}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-europe/e/medieval-europe/late-middle-ages/": {"t": "Late Middle Ages", "s": "Crisis and transformation in 14th–15th century Europe."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/george-lucas/": {"t": "George Lucas", "s": "The visionary behind Star Wars and Indiana Jones, a pioneer of modern blockbusters."}, "https://codexery.com/christopher-nolan/e/people/lucasfilm/": {"t": "Lucasfilm", "s": "American film production company behind Star Wars and Indiana Jones."}, "https://codexery.com/narrative-forms-and-devices/e/narrative-forms-and-devices/space-opera/": {"t": "Space opera", "s": "Epic outer space adventures with faster-than-light travel."}, "https://codexery.com/the-mandalorian/e/characters/the-mandalorian-and-grogu/": {"t": "The Mandalorian and Grogu", "s": "A Star Wars film continuing The Mandalorian series."}, "https://codexery.com/optics-and-color/e/optics-and-color/speed-of-light/": {"t": "Speed of light", "s": "Universal constant defining the maximum speed in spacetime."}, "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/e/ecology-and-behavior/biome/": {"t": "Biome", "s": "A biome is a region defined by climate, vegetation, and animal life.", "i": "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/img/ecology-and-behavior/biome.webp", "c": "Frankemann · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/notable-asteroids/e/notable-asteroids/asteroid-belt/": {"t": "Asteroid belt", "s": "A torus-shaped region between Mars and Jupiter containing many asteroids."}, "https://codexery.com/seven-deadly-sins/e/characters/anger/": {"t": "Anger", "s": "An intense emotional state involving a non-cooperative response to threat."}, "https://codexery.com/crime-and-deviance/e/crime-and-deviance/smuggling/": {"t": "Smuggling", "s": "Illegal movement of goods or people across borders.", "i": "https://codexery.com/crime-and-deviance/img/crime-and-deviance/smuggling.webp", "c": "Unknown author Unknown author or not provided · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-cultural-concepts/e/historical-and-cultural-concepts/slavery/": {"t": "Slavery", "s": "Slavery is the ownership of a person as property."}, "https://codexery.com/star-wars/e/characters/darth-vader/": {"t": "Darth Vader", "s": "The fallen Jedi Anakin Skywalker, turned Sith Lord and enforcer of the Galactic Empire."}, "https://codexery.com/star-wars-animated-television-series/e/star-wars-animated-television-series/star-wars-droids/": {"t": "Star Wars: Droids", "s": "R2-D2 and C-3PO face new masters and old threats."}, "https://codexery.com/narrative-techniques-genres/e/narrative-techniques-and-genres/fictional-universe/": {"t": "Fictional universe", "s": "Internally consistent setting for narratives and art."}, "https://codexery.com/science-fiction-massively-multiplayer/e/science-fiction-massively-multiplayer-online-role-playing-ga/star-wars-the-old-republic/": {"t": "Star Wars: The Old Republic", "s": "A Star Wars MMORPG with eight class stories and full voice acting."}, "https://codexery.com/namco-games-of-the-1980s/e/namco-games-of-the-1980s/star-wars-1987-video-game/": {"t": "Star Wars (1987 video game)", "s": "A notoriously difficult Japanese-exclusive Star Wars platformer."}, "https://codexery.com/film-classics/e/film-classics/alien-film/": {"t": "Alien (film)", "s": "A 1979 sci-fi horror film about a deadly alien creature."}, "/e/film-history/star-wars/": {"t": "Star Wars", "s": "A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away...", "i": "https://codexery.com/film-history/img/film-history/star-wars.webp", "c": "Original: The Walt Disney Company, Suzy Rice Vector:  Weweje · via Wikipedia: Star Wars · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/narrative-forms-and-devices/e/narrative-forms-and-devices/science-fiction/": {"t": "Science fiction", "s": "Genre of speculative fiction about advanced technology and its consequences."}, "https://codexery.com/television-series-set-in-the-23rd/e/television-series-set-in-the-23rd-century/star-trek-the-original-series/": {"t": "Star Trek: The Original Series", "s": "Set in the 23rd century, it follows the USS Enterprise crew."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/jonathan-swift/": {"t": "Jonathan Swift", "s": "Anglo-Irish satirist and author of Gulliver's Travels."}, "https://codexery.com/novels-and-epics/e/novels-and-epics/gulliver-s-travels/": {"t": "Gulliver's Travels", "s": "Jonathan Swift's 1726 satire following Lemuel Gulliver to Lilliput, Brobdingnag, Laputa and the Houyhnhnms.", "i": "https://codexery.com/novels-and-epics/img/novels-and-epics/gulliver-s-travels.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Gulliver's Travels · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/television-series-set-in-the-23rd/e/television-series-set-in-the-23rd-century/star-trek-the-animated-series/": {"t": "Star Trek: The Animated Series", "s": "The animated continuation of the original Star Trek adventures."}, "https://codexery.com/fiction-about-wormholes/e/fiction-about-wormholes/star-trek-deep-space-nine/": {"t": "Star Trek: Deep Space Nine", "s": "A space station guards a wormhole to the Gamma Quadrant."}, "https://codexery.com/television-series-set-in-the-22nd/e/television-series-set-in-the-22nd-century/star-trek-enterprise/": {"t": "Star Trek: Enterprise", "s": "Earth's first warp-five starship explores the galaxy."}, "https://codexery.com/television-series-set-in-the-23rd/e/television-series-set-in-the-23rd-century/star-trek-discovery/": {"t": "Star Trek: Discovery", "s": "A 23rd-century Star Trek series that jumps to the 32nd century."}, "https://codexery.com/television-series-set-in-the-23rd/e/television-series-set-in-the-23rd-century/star-trek-strange-new-worlds/": {"t": "Star Trek: Strange New Worlds", "s": "Episodic Star Trek series set before The Original Series."}, "https://codexery.com/television-series-set-in-the-23rd/e/television-series-set-in-the-23rd-century/star-trek-short-treks/": {"t": "Star Trek: Short Treks", "s": "Stand-alone shorts exploring characters and ideas from Star Trek: Discovery."}, "https://codexery.com/animated-space-adventure-television-seri/e/animated-space-adventure-television-series/star-trek-lower-decks/": {"t": "Star Trek: Lower Decks", "s": "An animated comedy following Starfleet's least important starship crew."}, "https://codexery.com/cbs-science-fiction-dramas/e/cbs-science-fiction-dramas/star-trek-starfleet-academy/": {"t": "Star Trek: Starfleet Academy", "s": "The first new Starfleet cadet class in over a century."}, "https://codexery.com/celebrity-entertainers/e/celebrity-entertainers/lucille-ball/": {"t": "Lucille Ball", "s": "American comedian, actress, producer, and studio executive.", "i": "https://codexery.com/celebrity-entertainers/img/celebrity-entertainers/lucille-ball.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Lucille Ball · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/bandai-namco-games-of-the-2010s/e/bandai-namco-games-of-the-2010s/star-trek-2013-video-game/": {"t": "Star Trek (2013 video game)", "s": "A co-op adventure set between two Star Trek films."}, "https://codexery.com/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/e/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/space-shuttle-enterprise/": {"t": "Space Shuttle Enterprise", "s": "First Space Shuttle orbiter, used only for atmospheric testing."}}