{"/e/feathers/down-feather/": {"t": "Down feather", "s": "The soft, insulating underlayer of feathers found beneath a bird's outer plumage.", "i": "https://codexery.com/feathers/img/feathers/down-feather.webp", "c": "Adenosine Triphosphate · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/feathers/quill/": {"t": "Quill", "s": "A writing tool made from a moulted flight feather of a large bird, used before the invention of the dip pen."}, "/e/feathers/plumage/": {"t": "Plumage", "s": "The science and beauty of bird feathers, from moults to colour morphs."}, "https://codexery.com/extinct-archosaurs/e/extinct-archosaurs/dinosaur/": {"t": "Dinosaur", "s": "Dinosaurs are a diverse group of warmblooded reptiles of the clade Dinosauria."}, "https://codexery.com/home-and-furniture/e/home-and-furniture/pillow/": {"t": "Pillow", "s": "A soft cushion for head or body support."}, "https://codexery.com/housing-furniture/e/housing-and-furniture/blanket/": {"t": "Blanket", "s": "A cloth covering used for warmth and comfort.", "i": "https://codexery.com/housing-furniture/img/housing-and-furniture/blanket.webp", "c": "Canada's History Archive featuring The Beaver (The Beaver was a magazine of Cana · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/home-and-furniture/e/home-and-furniture/mattress/": {"t": "Mattress", "s": "A rectangular pad for sleeping, used as a bed."}, "https://codexery.com/birds/e/birds/goose/": {"t": "Goose", "s": "Waterfowl of the Anatidae family, known for V-formation flight."}, "/e/feathers/plume-hunting/": {"t": "Plume hunting", "s": "The devastating hunt for decorative feathers that drove birds to the brink of extinction."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/old-english/": {"t": "Old English", "s": "Earliest attested form of the English language."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/germanic-languages/": {"t": "Germanic languages", "s": "Branch of Indo-European including English, German, Dutch, and Scandinavian languages."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/latin/": {"t": "Latin", "s": "A classical language of the Italic branch, Latin evolved into the Romance languages and remained a key scholarly tongue into the early 19th century."}, "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/e/ecology-and-behavior/predation/": {"t": "Predation", "s": "Predators kill and eat other organisms, driving evolution.", "i": "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/img/ecology-and-behavior/predation.webp", "c": "InsektenDoku · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/reproduction-development/e/reproduction-and-development/sexual-dimorphism/": {"t": "Sexual dimorphism", "s": "Condition where sexes differ in morphology beyond reproduction.", "i": "https://codexery.com/reproduction-development/img/reproduction-and-development/sexual-dimorphism.webp", "c": "Heidi Hopkins · CC BY 4.0"}, "/e/feathers/afterfeather/": {"t": "Afterfeather", "s": "Feathers: complex integumentary structures for flight, insulation, and communication."}, "/e/feathers/crest-feathers/": {"t": "Crest (feathers)", "s": "A feather structure used for display and communication in birds.", "i": "https://codexery.com/feathers/img/feathers/crest-feathers.webp", "c": "Novoklimov · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/architectural-landmarks/e/architectural-landmarks/topkap-palace/": {"t": "Topkapı Palace", "s": "Ottoman administrative center and sultan's residence from the 1460s to 1853.", "i": "https://codexery.com/architectural-landmarks/img/architectural-landmarks/topkap-palace.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Topkapı Palace · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/istanbul/": {"t": "Istanbul", "s": "A city on two continents, bridging Europe and Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/plants-crops/e/plants-and-crops/taraxacum/": {"t": "Taraxacum", "s": "Genus of dandelions, vital early nectar source for pollinators."}, "/e/feathers/covert-feather/": {"t": "Covert feather", "s": "Coverts are feathers that cover other feathers on birds.", "i": "https://codexery.com/feathers/img/feathers/covert-feather.webp", "c": "Chinmayee Mishra · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/feathers/flight-feather/": {"t": "Flight feather", "s": "Feathers enabling flight, with specialized roles across species."}, "https://codexery.com/aircraft-components/e/aircraft-components/angle-of-attack/": {"t": "Angle of attack", "s": "Angle between a body's reference line and oncoming flow."}, "https://codexery.com/aircraft-components/e/aircraft-components/vortex-generator/": {"t": "Vortex generator", "s": "Small vanes that delay flow separation and improve control surface effectiveness."}, "https://codexery.com/birds/e/birds/bird/": {"t": "Bird", "s": "Warm-blooded, feathered vertebrates that are the only living dinosaurs."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-reptiles/e/ancient-reptiles/enantiornithes/": {"t": "Enantiornithes", "s": "Extinct opposite birds, dominant avialans of the Cretaceous."}, "https://codexery.com/geology/e/geology/cretaceous/": {"t": "Cretaceous", "s": "The longest geological period, marked by warm climates, dinosaurs, and the rise of flowering plants, ending with a mass extinction.", "i": "https://codexery.com/geology/img/geology/cretaceous.webp", "c": "James St. John · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/extinct-archosaurs/e/extinct-archosaurs/coelurosauria/": {"t": "Coelurosauria", "s": "The clade of hollow-tailed theropods that includes birds and many feathered dinosaurs."}, "https://codexery.com/feathered-dinosaurs/e/feathered-dinosaurs/sinornithosaurus/": {"t": "Sinornithosaurus", "s": "A small, feathered dromaeosaurid from early Cretaceous China."}, "https://codexery.com/dinosaurs/e/dinosaurs/archaeopteryx/": {"t": "Archaeopteryx", "s": "The iconic transitional fossil between dinosaurs and birds", "i": "https://codexery.com/dinosaurs/img/dinosaurs/archaeopteryx.webp", "c": "Evobio12a · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/feathered-dinosaurs/e/feathered-dinosaurs/sinosauropteryx/": {"t": "Sinosauropteryx", "s": "First non-avian dinosaur discovered with preserved feather evidence."}, "https://codexery.com/feathered-dinosaurs/e/feathered-dinosaurs/beipiaosaurus/": {"t": "Beipiaosaurus", "s": "A small, feathered therizinosauroid from Early Cretaceous China.", "i": "https://codexery.com/feathered-dinosaurs/img/feathered-dinosaurs/beipiaosaurus.webp", "c": "Gerry Thomasen from Nanaimo, Canada · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/dinosaur-clades/e/dinosaur-clades/maniraptora/": {"t": "Maniraptora", "s": "The dinosaur clade that includes birds and their closest relatives."}, "https://codexery.com/theropoda/e/theropoda/theropoda/": {"t": "Theropoda", "s": "A major dinosaur clade that includes birds as living descendants."}, "https://codexery.com/feathered-dinosaurs/e/feathered-dinosaurs/tianyulong/": {"t": "Tianyulong", "s": "A feathered ornithischian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of China."}, "https://codexery.com/dinosaur-clades/e/dinosaur-clades/ornithischia/": {"t": "Ornithischia", "s": "Bird-hipped herbivorous dinosaurs with diverse forms and behaviors."}, "https://codexery.com/dinosaur-clades/e/dinosaur-clades/ornithoscelida/": {"t": "Ornithoscelida", "s": "A proposed clade uniting bird-hipped and theropod dinosaurs."}, "/e/feathers/marabou-fashion/": {"t": "Marabou (fashion)", "s": "A down feather trimming used in fashion since the late 18th century."}, "https://codexery.com/non-timber-forest-products/e/non-timber-forest-products/fur/": {"t": "Fur", "s": "Fur is a mammalian hair coat used for insulation and protection."}, "https://codexery.com/decca-records-artists/e/decca-records-artists/shirley-bassey/": {"t": "Shirley Bassey", "s": "Welsh singer with three James Bond themes and seven decades of chart albums."}, "https://codexery.com/celebrity-entertainers/e/celebrity-entertainers/mae-west/": {"t": "Mae West", "s": "American actress and sex symbol known for double entendres."}, "https://codexery.com/wrestling/e/wrestling/professional-wrestling/": {"t": "Professional wrestling", "s": "Athletic theater blending scripted combat with dramatic storytelling."}, "https://codexery.com/latin-music-icons/e/latin-music-icons/celia-cruz/": {"t": "Celia Cruz", "s": "The Queen of Salsa who brought Afro-Cuban rhythms to the world.", "i": "https://codexery.com/latin-music-icons/img/latin-music-icons/celia-cruz.webp", "c": "Ibrahim Arce (Narcy Studios photographer), most likely · via Wikipedia: Celia Cruz · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/singer-songwriters/e/singer-songwriters/elton-john/": {"t": "Elton John", "s": "British singer, pianist, and EGOT-winning cultural icon."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-behavior/e/animal-behavior/symbiosis/": {"t": "Symbiosis", "s": "Close, long-term interactions between different species."}, "https://codexery.com/medicinal-fungi/e/medicinal-fungi/penicillium/": {"t": "Penicillium", "s": "A genus of molds with antibiotic, food, and industrial uses."}, "https://codexery.com/meteorology/e/meteorology/humidity/": {"t": "Humidity", "s": "Humidity is the concentration of water vapor in air."}, "https://codexery.com/inorganic-compounds-materials/e/inorganic-compounds-and-materials/hydrogen-sulfide/": {"t": "Hydrogen sulfide", "s": "Colorless, toxic gas with a rotten-egg odor.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inorganic-compounds-materials/img/inorganic-compounds-and-materials/hydrogen-sulfide.webp", "c": "Jynto ( talk ) · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/nitric-acid/": {"t": "Nitric acid", "s": "A highly corrosive mineral acid used in nitration and as a strong oxidizing agent."}, "https://codexery.com/acids-and-bases/e/acids-and-bases/organic-acid/": {"t": "Organic acid", "s": "Weak organic acids used in food, industry, and biology."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry/e/chemistry/formaldehyde/": {"t": "Formaldehyde", "s": "Simplest aldehyde, key industrial chemical, and atmospheric pollutant."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/alfred-russel-wallace/": {"t": "Alfred Russel Wallace", "s": "English naturalist who co-discovered evolution by natural selection."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-fundamentals/e/chemistry-fundamentals/benzene/": {"t": "Benzene", "s": "A foundational aromatic hydrocarbon with industrial and health significance."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry/e/chemistry/ethanol/": {"t": "Ethanol", "s": "Organic compound, CNS depressant, active ingredient in alcoholic beverages."}, "/e/feathers/imping/": {"t": "Imping", "s": "Ancient technique for repairing broken bird feathers."}, "https://codexery.com/biology-concepts/e/biology-concepts/moulting/": {"t": "Moulting", "s": "The process by which animals cast off parts of their body for beneficial purposes."}, "https://codexery.com/bird-anatomy/e/bird-anatomy/comb-anatomy/": {"t": "Comb (anatomy)", "s": "Fleshy crest on the head of gallinaceous birds."}, "https://codexery.com/birds/e/birds/cockatoo/": {"t": "Cockatoo", "s": "Cockatoos are crested parrots native to Australasia, with 22 species."}, "https://codexery.com/parrots-and-songbirds/e/parrots-and-songbirds/cockatiel/": {"t": "Cockatiel", "s": "Smallest cockatoo, native to Australia, popular companion parrot.", "i": "https://codexery.com/parrots-and-songbirds/img/parrots-and-songbirds/cockatiel.webp", "c": "Shreya.Bhopal · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/feathers/feather-development/": {"t": "Feather development", "s": "Feathers: from dinosaur filaments to avian flight"}, "https://codexery.com/genetics/e/genetics/dominance-genetics/": {"t": "Dominance (genetics)", "s": "One allele masks another's effect in a heterozygous genotype."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-breeds-on-the-rbst-watchlist/e/animal-breeds-on-the-rbst-watchlist/cochin-chicken/": {"t": "Cochin chicken", "s": "Large feather-legged chicken bred chiefly for exhibition."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-breeds-on-the-geh-red-list/e/animal-breeds-on-the-geh-red-list/orpington-chicken/": {"t": "Orpington chicken", "s": "A British dual-purpose chicken that became a show bird."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-breeds-on-the-geh-red-list/e/animal-breeds-on-the-geh-red-list/minorca-chicken/": {"t": "Minorca chicken", "s": "Spanish chicken breed endangered on its home island."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-breeds-on-the-rbst-watchlist/e/animal-breeds-on-the-rbst-watchlist/ancona-chicken/": {"t": "Ancona chicken", "s": "Italian chicken breed refined in the UK, now at risk."}, "https://codexery.com/australian-inventions/e/australian-inventions/down-jacket/": {"t": "Down jacket", "s": "Quilted winter jacket insulated with down feathers for warmth."}, "https://codexery.com/housing-furniture/e/housing-and-furniture/bedding/": {"t": "Bedding", "s": "The removable and washable portion of a human sleeping environment."}, "/e/feathers/pennaceous-feather/": {"t": "Pennaceous feather", "s": "A feather type with a stalk and barbed vanes."}, "https://codexery.com/respiratory-infectious-diseases/e/respiratory-and-infectious-diseases/allergen/": {"t": "Allergen", "s": "An otherwise harmless substance that triggers an allergic immune response."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-behavior/e/animal-behavior/bird-nest/": {"t": "Bird nest", "s": "A bird nest is the spot for egg incubation and rearing young."}, "https://codexery.com/bird-anatomy/e/bird-anatomy/brood-patch/": {"t": "Brood patch", "s": "Featherless skin patch enabling efficient egg incubation in birds."}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/indigenous-peoples/": {"t": "Indigenous peoples", "s": "Indigenous peoples are diverse groups with ancestral ties to traditional territories."}, "https://codexery.com/legendary-birds/e/legendary-birds/eagle-spirit/": {"t": "Eagle Spirit", "s": "Apex avian predator with powerful vision and hunting prowess."}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/novaya-zemlya/": {"t": "Novaya Zemlya", "s": "Arctic archipelago used as a major Soviet nuclear test site."}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-birds/e/miscellaneous-birds/gull/": {"t": "Gull", "s": "Adaptable seabirds with complex social structures and global distribution."}, "https://codexery.com/belgian-cuisine/e/belgian-cuisine/p-t/": {"t": "Pâté", "s": "A forcemeat dish, often cooked in a terrine."}, "https://codexery.com/furniture-household-items/e/furniture-and-household-items/upholstery/": {"t": "Upholstery", "s": "Craft of padding and covering furniture with materials and skill."}, "https://codexery.com/beliefs-and-practices/e/beliefs-and-practices/spirituality/": {"t": "Spirituality", "s": "A term evolving from religious re-formation to subjective sacred experience."}, "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/e/ecology-and-behavior/parasitism/": {"t": "Parasitism", "s": "A close, harmful relationship where one organism exploits another.", "i": "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/img/ecology-and-behavior/parasitism.webp", "c": "Soebe · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/human-anatomy/e/human-anatomy/epithelium/": {"t": "Epithelium", "s": "Protective layer of cells lining body surfaces and cavities."}, "https://codexery.com/dinosaurs/e/dinosaurs/tyrannosaurus-rex/": {"t": "Tyrannosaurus rex", "s": "The tyrant lizard king of the late Cretaceous.", "i": "https://codexery.com/dinosaurs/img/dinosaurs/tyrannosaurus-rex.webp", "c": "Copyright © 2005 David Monniaux · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/dinosaurs/e/dinosaurs/velociraptor/": {"t": "Velociraptor", "s": "Small but swift feathered predator of the Late Cretaceous.", "i": "https://codexery.com/dinosaurs/img/dinosaurs/velociraptor.webp", "c": "Pixabay user OpenClipart-Vectors · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/prehistoric-beasts/e/prehistoric-beasts/anchiornis/": {"t": "Anchiornis", "s": "A small, four-winged dinosaur key to understanding bird evolution."}, "https://codexery.com/transitional-fossils/e/transitional-fossils/transitional-fossil/": {"t": "Transitional fossil", "s": "Fossils showing traits of both ancestral and descendant groups."}, "https://codexery.com/musculoskeletal-system/e/musculoskeletal-system/ulna/": {"t": "Ulna", "s": "Long bone of the forearm, medial to the radius."}, "https://codexery.com/aircraft-components/e/aircraft-components/airfoil/": {"t": "Airfoil", "s": "A streamlined body generating more lift than drag."}, "https://codexery.com/labor-employment/e/labor-and-employment/truck-driver/": {"t": "Truck driver", "s": "Truck drivers transport goods essential to industrialized societies."}, "https://codexery.com/scale-models-and-railroads/e/scale-models-and-railroads/paper-model/": {"t": "Paper model", "s": "Paper models are scale constructions made from printed cardstock or paper."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-inventions/e/chinese-inventions/porcelain/": {"t": "Porcelain", "s": "A high-fired ceramic prized for strength, whiteness, and translucence."}, "https://codexery.com/passeriformes/e/passeriformes/passeriformes/": {"t": "Passeriformes", "s": "Largest bird order, known for perching and diverse vocalizations.", "i": "https://codexery.com/passeriformes/img/passeriformes/passeriformes.webp", "c": "MathKnight · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/holarctic-birds/e/holarctic-birds/barn-swallow/": {"t": "Barn swallow", "s": "The most widespread swallow species, found on all continents, with a deeply forked tail and close association with humans.", "i": "https://codexery.com/holarctic-birds/img/holarctic-birds/barn-swallow.webp", "c": "Ken Billington · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "/e/feathers/feather-plucking/": {"t": "Feather-plucking", "s": "A maladaptive disorder in captive birds involving self-plucking of feathers."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics-fundamentals/e/genetics-fundamentals/heritability/": {"t": "Heritability", "s": "Statistic estimating genetic contribution to trait variation in a population."}, "/e/feathers/preening/": {"t": "Preening", "s": "Birds maintain feathers via preening for insulation, flight, and waterproofing."}, "/e/feathers/feather-pecking/": {"t": "Feather pecking", "s": "A behavioural problem in poultry where birds peck at each other's feathers, causing pain and sometimes death."}, "https://codexery.com/hair-diseases/e/hair-diseases/trichotillomania/": {"t": "Trichotillomania", "s": "A mental disorder involving recurrent, compulsive hair pulling."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-behavior/e/animal-behavior/flock-birds/": {"t": "Flock (birds)", "s": "Birds gather in flocks for migration, foraging, and predator protection."}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-birds/e/miscellaneous-birds/grey-parrot/": {"t": "Grey parrot", "s": "An African parrot known for intelligence and mimicry."}, "https://codexery.com/zoonoses/e/zoonoses/giardiasis/": {"t": "Giardiasis", "s": "A common parasitic disease causing diarrhoea and malabsorption worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-fungal-diseases/e/animal-fungal-diseases/airsacculitis/": {"t": "Airsacculitis", "s": "Inflammatory air sac disease in birds and primates."}, "https://codexery.com/pharmacology-and-therapeutics/e/pharmacology-and-therapeutics/psychoactive-drug/": {"t": "Psychoactive drug", "s": "Substances that alter brain function and consciousness across cultures."}, "https://codexery.com/genetic-epidemiology/e/genetic-epidemiology/quantitative-trait-locus/": {"t": "Quantitative trait locus", "s": "A DNA region associated with continuous trait variation."}, "https://codexery.com/addictive-substances-medications/e/addictive-substances-and-medications/clomipramine/": {"t": "Clomipramine", "s": "Tricyclic antidepressant used for OCD and other disorders."}, "https://codexery.com/addictive-substances-medications/e/addictive-substances-and-medications/fluoxetine/": {"t": "Fluoxetine", "s": "An SSRI antidepressant used for depression, anxiety, and bulimia."}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-medicine/e/physiology-and-medicine/thermoregulation/": {"t": "Thermoregulation", "s": "Organisms maintain body temperature within boundaries via homeostasis.", "i": "https://codexery.com/physiology-medicine/img/physiology-and-medicine/thermoregulation.webp", "c": "OpenStax College · CC BY 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/e/ecology-and-behavior/sexual-selection/": {"t": "Sexual selection", "s": "Evolution through mate choice and same-sex competition."}, "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/e/ecology-and-behavior/habitat-fragmentation/": {"t": "Habitat fragmentation", "s": "Habitat fragmentation divides habitats into smaller, isolated patches."}, "https://codexery.com/violence-conflict/e/violence-and-conflict/war/": {"t": "War", "s": "Armed conflict between states or organized groups, often for political aims."}, "https://codexery.com/biologists-naturalists/e/biologists-and-naturalists/richard-owen/": {"t": "Richard Owen", "s": "English biologist, comparative anatomist and palaeontologist who coined the word Dinosauria.", "i": "https://codexery.com/biologists-naturalists/img/biologists-and-naturalists/richard-owen.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Richard Owen · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/biology-concepts/e/biology-concepts/natural-selection/": {"t": "Natural selection", "s": "The differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in fitness."}, "https://codexery.com/reproduction-and-development/e/reproduction-and-development/evolutionary-developmental-biology/": {"t": "Evolutionary developmental biology", "s": "Comparing development to reveal how body plans evolved."}, "https://codexery.com/feathered-dinosaurs/e/feathered-dinosaurs/microraptor/": {"t": "Microraptor", "s": "Small four-winged dinosaur from early Cretaceous China."}, "https://codexery.com/sonic-the-hedgehog/e/characters/sonic-hedgehog-protein/": {"t": "Sonic hedgehog protein", "s": "Morphogen that patterns embryonic development via concentration gradients."}, "https://codexery.com/birds/e/birds/bird-of-paradise/": {"t": "Bird-of-paradise", "s": "A family of passerine birds known for elaborate male plumage."}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/modern-conflicts/world-war-i/": {"t": "World War I", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Central Powers, 1914–1918."}, "https://codexery.com/birds-of-the-arctic/e/birds-of-the-arctic/common-murre/": {"t": "Common murre", "s": "A seabird that flies underwater and breeds on bare cliff ledges."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/kenya/": {"t": "Kenya", "s": "East African nation with ancient human origins and diverse landscapes."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/the-new-york-times/": {"t": "The New York Times", "s": "The Gray Lady, a U.S."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/the-economist/": {"t": "The Economist", "s": "A severe contest between intelligence, which presses forward, and an unworthy, timid ignorance obstructing our progress."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/scientific-american/": {"t": "Scientific American", "s": "Oldest continuously published U.S. magazine."}, "/e/feathers/alula/": {"t": "Alula", "s": "A bird's thumb that helps prevent stalling at slow speeds.", "i": "https://codexery.com/feathers/img/feathers/alula.webp", "c": "Pearson Scott Foresman · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/human-anatomy/e/human-anatomy/tendon/": {"t": "Tendon", "s": "Tough bands of dense fibrous connective tissue connecting muscle to bone."}, "https://codexery.com/biology-concepts/e/biology-concepts/mutation/": {"t": "Mutation", "s": "Mutations are alterations in DNA sequence driving evolution and disease."}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-birds/e/miscellaneous-birds/grebe/": {"t": "Grebe", "s": "Diving birds related to flamingos, known for lobed feet and courtship dances."}, "https://codexery.com/birds/e/birds/flamingo/": {"t": "Flamingo", "s": "Wading birds known for pink plumage and one-legged stance."}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-birds/e/miscellaneous-birds/hummingbird/": {"t": "Hummingbird", "s": "Smallest birds, rapid wing beats, nectar feeders of the Americas."}, "https://codexery.com/birds/e/birds/albatross/": {"t": "Albatross", "s": "Large seabirds of the Southern Ocean and North Pacific."}, "https://codexery.com/reproduction-and-development/e/reproduction-and-development/embryo/": {"t": "Embryo", "s": "Initial developmental stage of a multicellular organism."}, "https://codexery.com/birds/e/birds/crane-bird/": {"t": "Crane (bird)", "s": "Large, long-legged birds found on most continents except Antarctica and South America."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics-fundamentals/e/genetics-fundamentals/genetic-linkage/": {"t": "Genetic linkage", "s": "Tendency of nearby DNA sequences to be inherited together."}, "https://codexery.com/reproductive-biology/e/reproductive-biology/estrogen/": {"t": "Estrogen", "s": "Sex hormone regulating female reproduction and secondary sex characteristics."}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-metabolism/e/physiology-and-metabolism/testosterone/": {"t": "Testosterone", "s": "Primary male sex hormone influencing development, behavior, and health."}, "https://codexery.com/reproductive-biology/e/reproductive-biology/estradiol/": {"t": "Estradiol", "s": "Major female sex hormone with roles in reproduction, bone, and brain."}, "https://codexery.com/cellular-biology/e/cellular-biology/biosynthesis/": {"t": "Biosynthesis", "s": "Enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of biological molecules from nutrients."}, "https://codexery.com/intersex-variations/e/intersex-variations/aromatase-excess-syndrome/": {"t": "Aromatase excess syndrome", "s": "A rare genetic syndrome causing excess estrogen and feminization."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-conditions-related-to-obesity/e/medical-conditions-related-to-obesity/gynecomastia/": {"t": "Gynecomastia", "s": "Benign male breast enlargement from hormone imbalance."}, "https://codexery.com/birds/e/birds/bird-of-prey/": {"t": "Bird of prey", "s": "Hypercarnivorous birds that hunt vertebrates with talons and beaks."}, "/e/feathers/pin-feather/": {"t": "Pin feather", "s": "A developing feather with a blood supply, sensitive and prone to bleeding."}, "https://codexery.com/materials/e/materials/fiberglass/": {"t": "Fiberglass", "s": "A versatile composite material of glass fiber and plastic matrix."}, "https://codexery.com/characters-in-the-divine-comedy/e/characters-in-the-divine-comedy/frederick-ii-holy-roman-emperor/": {"t": "Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor", "s": "Holy Roman Emperor, polymath, and centralizer of royal power."}, "/e/feathers/boa-clothing-accessory/": {"t": "Boa (clothing accessory)", "s": "A fashion accessory usually worn wrapped around the neck like a scarf, most commonly made of feathers."}, "https://codexery.com/actors-filmmakers/e/actors-and-filmmakers/marilyn-monroe/": {"t": "Marilyn Monroe", "s": "American actress; top-billed Hollywood star of the 1950s and early 1960s.", "i": "https://codexery.com/actors-filmmakers/img/actors-and-filmmakers/marilyn-monroe.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Death of Marilyn Monroe · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-reptiles/e/ancient-reptiles/feathered-dinosaur/": {"t": "Feathered dinosaur", "s": "Feathered dinosaurs include all birds and many non-avian species, with evidence from fossils and amber revealing their origins and evolution."}, "https://codexery.com/bird-families/e/bird-families/anatidae/": {"t": "Anatidae", "s": "Family of water birds including ducks, geese, and swans."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-biology-and-behavior/e/animal-biology-and-behavior/population-biology/": {"t": "Population (biology)", "s": "A group of same-species individuals separated by space, genetics, or demography."}, "https://codexery.com/genetic-disorders-with-no-omim/e/genetic-disorders-with-no-omim/xanthochromism/": {"t": "Xanthochromism", "s": "Unusually yellow pigmentation in animals, often genetic or dietary."}, "https://codexery.com/genetic-disorders-with-no-omim/e/genetic-disorders-with-no-omim/leucism/": {"t": "Leucism", "s": "A condition causing partial pigmentation loss, not affecting eyes."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/melanin/": {"t": "Melanin", "s": "Family of biomolecules providing pigments and photoprotection in organisms."}, "https://codexery.com/human-anatomy/e/human-anatomy/skin/": {"t": "Skin", "s": "The body's first line of defense, with three main functions: protection, regulation, and sensation."}, "https://codexery.com/human-anatomy/e/human-anatomy/eye/": {"t": "Eye", "s": "Sensory organ that detects light and enables vision."}, "https://codexery.com/sensory-systems/e/sensory-systems/iris-anatomy/": {"t": "Iris (anatomy)", "s": "Ring-shaped eye structure controlling pupil size and color."}, "https://codexery.com/bird-anatomy/e/bird-anatomy/cere/": {"t": "Cere", "s": "Fleshy base of the upper beak in raptors and owls."}, "/e/feathers/aigrette/": {"t": "Aigrette", "s": "Aigrette: a feathered or jewelled head ornament, from egret plumes to gem-studded turban decorations.", "i": "https://codexery.com/feathers/img/feathers/aigrette.webp", "c": "Greenbox · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/feathers/white-feather-symbol/": {"t": "White feather (symbol)", "s": "A symbol of cowardice, pacifism, or bravery—depending on context."}, "https://codexery.com/birds-of-prey-and-waterbirds/e/birds-of-prey-and-waterbirds/arctic-tern/": {"t": "Arctic tern", "s": "Arctic tern: the animal with the longest known migration."}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/hawaii/": {"t": "Hawaii", "s": "Island state with a tropical climate and diverse heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/forms-of-government/e/forms-of-government/president-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "President of the United States", "s": "Head of state and government of the United States."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/louisiana/": {"t": "Louisiana", "s": "U.S. state with French heritage, parishes, and Gulf Coast.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/louisiana.webp", "c": "Mark Holloway · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/military-food-of-the-united-states/e/military-food-of-the-united-states/tabasco-sauce/": {"t": "Tabasco sauce", "s": "American hot sauce made from tabasco peppers, vinegar, and salt."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-behavior/e/animal-behavior/bird-migration/": {"t": "Bird migration", "s": "Seasonal movement of birds between breeding and wintering grounds."}, "https://codexery.com/ritual/e/ritual/ritualization/": {"t": "Ritualization", "s": "Stereotyped behavior found in animals and humans."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/middle-english/": {"t": "Middle English", "s": "Middle English was the language of England after the Norman Conquest.", "i": "https://codexery.com/languages/img/languages/middle-english.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Middle English · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/e/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/fungus/": {"t": "Fungus", "s": "Eukaryotic organisms including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms."}, "https://codexery.com/mammals/e/mammals/mammal/": {"t": "Mammal", "s": "Vertebrate class defined by mammary glands and three middle ear bones.", "i": "https://codexery.com/mammals/img/mammals/mammal.webp", "c": "Hannah Ritchie and Klara Auerbach · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/australian-cuisine/e/australian-cuisine/emu-meat/": {"t": "Emu meat", "s": "Flightless Australian bird, third tallest living bird."}, "https://codexery.com/birds/e/birds/cassowary/": {"t": "Cassowary", "s": "Flightless bird with a fearsome claw and a glowing casque."}, "https://codexery.com/birds/e/birds/bustard/": {"t": "Bustard", "s": "Large terrestrial birds of dry grasslands and steppes."}, "https://codexery.com/birds/e/birds/frigatebird/": {"t": "Frigatebird", "s": "Seabirds with the largest wing area to body mass ratio."}, "https://codexery.com/bird-families/e/bird-families/apodidae/": {"t": "Apodidae", "s": "Swifts are fast, aerial insectivores related to hummingbirds."}, "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/e/diseases-and-conditions/pneumonia/": {"t": "Pneumonia", "s": "Inflammatory lung condition primarily affecting alveoli, caused by infection.", "i": "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/img/diseases-and-conditions/pneumonia.webp", "c": "Nephron · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/egyptian-inventions/e/egyptian-inventions/fountain-pen/": {"t": "Fountain pen", "s": "A writing instrument using an internal reservoir to hold ink."}, "https://codexery.com/hungarian-inventions/e/hungarian-inventions/ballpoint-pen/": {"t": "Ballpoint pen", "s": "A cleaner, reliable writing instrument now used worldwide daily."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-the-united/e/world-heritage-sites-in-the-united-states/monticello/": {"t": "Monticello", "s": "Thomas Jefferson's plantation home and UNESCO World Heritage Site."}, "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/e/manufacturing-and-materials/parchment/": {"t": "Parchment", "s": "A writing material made from specially prepared untanned animal skins, used for over two millennia."}, "https://codexery.com/culture-of-ancient-egypt/e/culture-of-ancient-egypt/scribe/": {"t": "Scribe", "s": "Scribes preserved texts and records across ancient and medieval cultures."}, "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/e/international-law-and-diplomacy/supreme-court-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "Supreme Court of the United States", "s": "Highest federal court with ultimate appellate and original jurisdiction.", "i": "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/img/international-law-and-diplomacy/supreme-court-of-the-united-states.webp", "c": "Original:  Optimager Vector:  Ipankonin · via Wikipedia: Supreme Court of the United States · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/book-of-exodus/e/book-of-exodus/tefillin/": {"t": "Tefillin", "s": "Black leather boxes with Torah scrolls worn as a sign of the Exodus."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-saints-early-church-fathers/e/christian-saints-and-early-church-fathers/hilary-of-poitiers/": {"t": "Hilary of Poitiers", "s": "Bishop of Poitiers, Doctor of the Church, and staunch defender of Nicene orthodoxy against Arianism."}, "https://codexery.com/bird-anatomy/e/bird-anatomy/bird-anatomy/": {"t": "Bird anatomy", "s": "Bird anatomy is specialized for flight and feeding."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/historical-eras/middle-ages/": {"t": "Middle Ages", "s": "The middle epoch between classical antiquity and the modern period.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/img/historical-eras/middle-ages.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Middle Ages · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/folklore-of-the-united-states/e/folklore-of-the-united-states/american-frontier/": {"t": "American frontier", "s": "The era of westward expansion that shaped American identity."}, "https://codexery.com/crime-justice/e/crime-and-justice/vigilante/": {"t": "Vigilante", "s": "A person who takes the law into their own hands."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/revolutions-and-uprisings/american-revolution/": {"t": "American Revolution", "s": "Political movement that created the sovereign United States.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/img/revolutions-and-uprisings/american-revolution.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: American Revolution · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/e/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/holy-land/": {"t": "Holy Land", "s": "The largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.41 billion baptized members worldwide as of 2026."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/massachusetts/": {"t": "Massachusetts", "s": "A New England state with a rich colonial and revolutionary history.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/massachusetts.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/music/e/music/yankee-doodle/": {"t": "Yankee Doodle", "s": "Pre-Revolutionary tune mocking colonists, later adopted as American patriotic song.", "i": "https://codexery.com/music/img/music/yankee-doodle.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Yankee Doodle · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-united-states/e/rebellions-against-the-united-states/whiskey-rebellion/": {"t": "Whiskey Rebellion", "s": "Violent tax protest in the early United States, 1791–1794."}, "https://codexery.com/founders-of-new-religious-movements/e/founders-of-new-religious-movements/joseph-smith/": {"t": "Joseph Smith", "s": "Founder of Mormonism and the Latter Day Saint movement."}, "https://codexery.com/castrated-people/e/castrated-people/charles-g-kelsey/": {"t": "Charles G. Kelsey", "s": "Victim of the 1872 Kelsey Outrage in Huntington, New York."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/oklahoma/": {"t": "Oklahoma", "s": "A state shaped by land runs, oil, and Indigenous heritage."}, "/e/feathers/white-feather-campaign/": {"t": "White Feather Campaign", "s": "A shaming ritual that pressured men to enlist in World War I."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/propaganda/": {"t": "Propaganda", "s": "Communication used to influence audiences and further an agenda."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/england/": {"t": "England", "s": "Land of the Angles, birthplace of football and the Industrial Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/france/": {"t": "France", "s": "A global centre of art, science, cuisine and philosophy."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/second-world-war/": {"t": "Second World War", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Axis, deadliest in history."}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/m-ori-people/": {"t": "Māori people", "s": "Indigenous Polynesian people of mainland New Zealand."}, "https://codexery.com/literary-giants/e/literary-giants/virginia-woolf/": {"t": "Virginia Woolf", "s": "English modernist writer, feminist essayist."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/vietnam-war/": {"t": "Vietnam War", "s": "Cold War proxy war ending in communist victory across Indochina."}, "https://codexery.com/humiliation/e/humiliation/public-humiliation/": {"t": "Public humiliation", "s": "A punishment that disgraces offenders in public view."}, "https://codexery.com/suffering/e/suffering/psychological-pain/": {"t": "Psychological pain", "s": "Mental torment from frustrated psychological needs."}, "https://codexery.com/political-leaders-revolutionaries/e/political-leaders-and-revolutionaries/emmeline-pankhurst/": {"t": "Emmeline Pankhurst", "s": "British activist who led the suffragette movement for women's voting rights.", "i": "https://codexery.com/political-leaders-revolutionaries/img/political-leaders-and-revolutionaries/emmeline-pankhurst.webp", "c": "Adam Cuerden · via Wikipedia: Emmeline Pankhurst · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/socio-political-concepts/e/socio-political-concepts/conscription/": {"t": "Conscription", "s": "Compulsory enlistment in national service, enforced by law."}, "https://codexery.com/relationships-and-human-sexuality/e/relationships-and-human-sexuality/gender/": {"t": "Gender", "s": "A social, psychological, and cultural construct distinct from biological sex."}, "https://codexery.com/wound-decorations/e/wound-decorations/silver-war-badge/": {"t": "Silver War Badge", "s": "A lapel badge for honourably discharged First World War personnel."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/culture/london/": {"t": "London", "s": "A global city on the Thames, London blends nearly 2,000 years of history with a vibrant, multicultural present."}, "https://codexery.com/modern-political-activists-and-theorists/e/modern-political-activists-and-theorists/sylvia-pankhurst/": {"t": "Sylvia Pankhurst", "s": "English feminist, socialist, activist, artist and writer."}, "https://codexery.com/mind-control/e/mind-control/psychological-warfare/": {"t": "Psychological warfare", "s": "Military operations targeting psychological states to gain advantage."}, "https://codexery.com/torture/e/torture/emasculation/": {"t": "Emasculation", "s": "Removal of external male sex organs for punitive, cultural, or personal reasons."}, "https://codexery.com/mental-health-psychology/e/mental-health-and-psychology/depression-mood/": {"t": "Depression (mood)", "s": "A mental state of low mood and aversion to activity."}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-medicine/e/physiology-and-medicine/suicide/": {"t": "Suicide", "s": "The act of intentionally causing one's own death, with complex risk factors and prevention strategies."}}