{"https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/deng-xiaoping/": {"t": "Deng Xiaoping", "s": "Architect of modern China and paramount leader from 1978 to 1989"}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/leaders-and-monarchs/mao-zedong/": {"t": "Mao Zedong", "s": "Founder of the People's Republic of China and CCP leader."}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/second-sino-japanese-war/": {"t": "Second Sino-Japanese War", "s": "Largest Asian war of the 20th century, intertwined with World War II.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/wars-and-conflicts/second-sino-japanese-war.webp", "c": "Unknown photographer, Ministry of the Navy · via Wikipedia: Second Sino-Japanese War · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/revolutions-and-conflicts/tiananmen-square-protests/": {"t": "Tiananmen Square protests", "s": "1989 protests in Beijing ended in a military crackdown."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-history/e/chinese-history/reform-and-opening-up/": {"t": "Reform and opening up", "s": "Economic reforms that transformed China's economy after 1978."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/nanjing/": {"t": "Nanjing", "s": "Southern Capital on the Yangtze"}, "https://codexery.com/education-schools/e/education-and-schools/shanghai-jiao-tong-university/": {"t": "Shanghai Jiao Tong University", "s": "A leading Chinese public university with roots in the Westernization Movement, now a member of the C9 League.", "i": "https://codexery.com/education-schools/img/education-and-schools/shanghai-jiao-tong-university.webp", "c": "Pauloleong2002 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/electrical-systems/e/electrical-systems/electrical-engineering/": {"t": "Electrical engineering", "s": "Discipline studying and applying electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/changchun/": {"t": "Changchun", "s": "Capital of Jilin, automotive hub, and former Manchukuo capital."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/revolutions-and-uprisings/cultural-revolution/": {"t": "Cultural Revolution", "s": "A sociopolitical movement launched by Mao Zedong from 1966 to 1976.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/img/revolutions-and-uprisings/cultural-revolution.webp", "c": "闫恩铭／Enming Yan · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/tianjin/": {"t": "Tianjin", "s": "A dual-core port city on the Hai River and Bohai Gulf."}, "/e/east-asian-leaders/li-peng/": {"t": "Li Peng", "s": "Chinese premier who backed the 1989 Tiananmen Square crackdown."}, "/e/east-asian-leaders/li-xiannian/": {"t": "Li Xiannian", "s": "Chinese Communist leader and conservative Party elder."}, "https://codexery.com/asian-leaders/e/asian-leaders/chen-yun/": {"t": "Chen Yun", "s": "CCP statesman and architect of economic reforms."}, "/e/east-asian-leaders/kim-young-sam/": {"t": "Kim Young-sam", "s": "South Korea's first civilian president in over three decades."}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/modern-conflicts/korean-war/": {"t": "Korean War", "s": "A frozen conflict that divided a peninsula."}, "https://codexery.com/cold-war-conflicts/e/cold-war-conflicts/sunshine-policy/": {"t": "Sunshine Policy", "s": "Kindness and cooperation over force: South Korea's Sunshine Policy toward North Korea.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cold-war-conflicts/img/cold-war-conflicts/sunshine-policy.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Détente · see source"}, "/e/east-asian-leaders/kim-jong-il/": {"t": "Kim Jong Il", "s": "Second supreme leader of North Korea"}, "https://codexery.com/social-issues/e/social-issues/nobel-prize/": {"t": "Nobel Prize", "s": "Prestigious awards for the greatest benefit to humankind."}, "https://codexery.com/royalty-and-heads-of-state/e/royalty-and-heads-of-state/nelson-mandela/": {"t": "Nelson Mandela", "s": "South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and first black president."}, "https://codexery.com/socio-political-concepts/e/socio-political-concepts/conscription/": {"t": "Conscription", "s": "Compulsory enlistment in national service, enforced by law."}, "https://codexery.com/korea-under-japanese-rule/e/korea-under-japanese-rule/korea-under-japanese-rule/": {"t": "Korea under Japanese rule", "s": "Japanese colonial rule over Korea from 1910 to 1945."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/joseon/": {"t": "Joseon", "s": "A dynastic kingdom of Korea that existed for 505 years, founded in 1392 and replaced by the Korean Empire in 1897."}, "https://codexery.com/korea-under-japanese-rule/e/korea-under-japanese-rule/s-shi-kaimei/": {"t": "Sōshi-kaimei", "s": "Japanese policy forcing Koreans to adopt Japanese names."}, "https://codexery.com/asian-leaders/e/asian-leaders/chang-myon/": {"t": "Chang Myon", "s": "South Korean statesman and last vice president of the First Republic."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/vietnam-war/": {"t": "Vietnam War", "s": "Cold War proxy war ending in communist victory across Indochina."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/seoul/": {"t": "Seoul", "s": "The dynamic capital of South Korea, blending ancient history with cutting-edge modernity."}, "https://codexery.com/asian-middle-eastern-monarchs-strongmen/e/asian-and-middle-eastern-monarchs-and-strongmen/kim-il-sung/": {"t": "Kim Il-sung", "s": "Founder and eternal leader of North Korea.", "i": "https://codexery.com/asian-middle-eastern-monarchs-strongmen/img/asian-and-middle-eastern-monarchs-and-strongmen/kim-il-sung.webp", "c": "David Clayton Ellsworth · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/east-asian-leaders/kim-jong-un/": {"t": "Kim Jong Un", "s": "Supreme leader of North Korea since 2011"}, "https://codexery.com/world-capital-cities/e/world-capital-cities/pyongyang/": {"t": "Pyongyang", "s": "Capital and largest city of North Korea.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-capital-cities/img/world-capital-cities/pyongyang.webp", "c": "(stephan) · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/socio-political-concepts/e/socio-political-concepts/totalitarianism/": {"t": "Totalitarianism", "s": "A political system that completely controls public and private life through ideology, repression, and state terror."}, "/e/east-asian-leaders/kim-dae-jung/": {"t": "Kim Dae-jung", "s": "South Korean president and Nobel Peace Prize laureate"}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/europe/": {"t": "Europe", "s": "Second-smallest continent, birthplace of Western civilisation and European Union."}, "https://codexery.com/asian-middle-eastern-monarchs-strongmen/e/asian-and-middle-eastern-monarchs-and-strongmen/jang-song-thaek/": {"t": "Jang Song-thaek", "s": "North Korean politician and uncle of Kim Jong Un by marriage."}, "/e/east-asian-leaders/kim-yo-jong/": {"t": "Kim Yo Jong", "s": "North Korean politician and sister of Kim Jong Un"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/soviet-union/": {"t": "Soviet Union", "s": "The world's flagship communist state and a superpower spanning Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/michael-jordan/": {"t": "Michael Jordan", "s": "The greatest basketball player of all time, six-time NBA champion and global icon."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/the-washington-post/": {"t": "The Washington Post", "s": "American daily newspaper and newspaper of record."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/writers/jackie-chan/": {"t": "Jackie Chan", "s": "The dragon who became a legend: Jackie Chan's eight-decade journey from stuntman to global icon."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/reuters/": {"t": "Reuters", "s": "One of the largest news agencies in the world."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/prague/": {"t": "Prague", "s": "City of a Hundred Spires"}, "https://codexery.com/whisky/e/world-of-whisky/johnnie-walker/": {"t": "Johnnie Walker", "s": "Keep Walking"}, "https://codexery.com/computing-digital/e/computing-and-digital/computer-science/": {"t": "Computer science", "s": "Study of computation, information, and automation spanning theory to application."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/covid-19/": {"t": "COVID-19", "s": "COVID-19 is a contagious disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/social-media/": {"t": "Social media", "s": "Interactive platforms for creating, sharing, and networking content."}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-recreation/e/sports-and-recreation/fan-person/": {"t": "Fan (person)", "s": "A person with strong interest or admiration for a subject."}, "https://codexery.com/symptoms-and-signs-of-mental-disorders/e/symptoms-and-signs-of-mental-disorders/coma/": {"t": "Coma", "s": "A prolonged state of deep unconsciousness with no wakefulness or awareness."}, "https://codexery.com/education-schools/e/education-and-schools/seoul-national-university/": {"t": "Seoul National University", "s": "A public research university in Seoul, South Korea, founded in 1946.", "i": "https://codexery.com/education-schools/img/education-and-schools/seoul-national-university.webp", "c": "U.S. Department of State from United States · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/washington-d-c/": {"t": "Washington, D.C.", "s": "The federal capital city of the United States, anchored on the Potomac River."}, "https://codexery.com/wealthy-misfortunes/e/wealthy-misfortunes/lee-kun-hee/": {"t": "Lee Kun-hee", "s": "Samsung chairman who drove its rise to global dominance."}, "https://codexery.com/pc-gaming-brands-and-manufacturers/e/pc-gaming-brands-and-manufacturers/samsung/": {"t": "Samsung", "s": "South Korean conglomerate and global leader in electronics and shipbuilding."}, "https://codexery.com/finance-and-investment/e/finance-and-investment/credit-rating/": {"t": "Credit rating", "s": "Evaluating the ability of a debtor to repay debt."}, "https://codexery.com/automotive-industry/e/automotive-industry/general-motors/": {"t": "General Motors", "s": "American multinational automaker headquartered in Detroit, owner of Chevrolet, Buick, GMC and Cadillac."}, "https://codexery.com/international-organizations-and-agreemen/e/international-organizations-and-agreements/international-monetary-fund/": {"t": "International Monetary Fund", "s": "International financial institution fostering global monetary cooperation and stability."}, "https://codexery.com/korea-under-japanese-rule/e/korea-under-japanese-rule/japan-korea-treaty-of-1910/": {"t": "Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910", "s": "1910 treaty that began Japanese rule in Korea."}, "/e/east-asian-leaders/lee-myung-bak/": {"t": "Lee Myung-bak", "s": "South Korean president and former Hyundai CEO."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/presbyterianism/": {"t": "Presbyterianism", "s": "A Reformed Protestant tradition rooted in Scotland, emphasizing the sovereignty of God and governance by elders."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/hirohito/": {"t": "Hirohito", "s": "Emperor of Japan from 1926 to 1989, reigning through war and reconstruction."}, "https://codexery.com/political-leaders-revolutionaries/e/political-leaders-and-revolutionaries/eisaku-sat/": {"t": "Eisaku Satō", "s": "Eisaku Satō was a Japanese politician who served as prime minister of Japan from 1964 to 1972, holding the office for the third-longest period overall and the l", "i": "https://codexery.com/political-leaders-revolutionaries/img/political-leaders-and-revolutionaries/eisaku-sat.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Eisaku Satō · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/prefectures-of-japan/e/prefectures-of-japan/niigata-prefecture/": {"t": "Niigata Prefecture", "s": "Prefecture on the Sea of Japan, known for rice and sake."}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/pacific-war/": {"t": "Pacific War", "s": "The largest theater of World War II, fought across the Pacific and Asia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/wars-and-conflicts/pacific-war.webp", "c": "Ensign Emment Regan · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/social-issues/e/social-issues/national-diet/": {"t": "National Diet", "s": "Japan's bicameral legislature, supreme law-making organ of the state."}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/sea-of-japan/": {"t": "Sea of Japan", "s": "A marginal sea shaped by isolation, geology, and history."}, "https://codexery.com/fish/e/fish/koi/": {"t": "Koi", "s": "Ornamental carp bred from Amur carp in Japan."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/diphtheria/": {"t": "Diphtheria", "s": "A bacterial infection causing a thick throat membrane; preventable by vaccine."}, "https://codexery.com/biosafety-level-4-laboratories/e/biosafety-level-4-laboratories/riken/": {"t": "Riken", "s": "Japan's leading multidisciplinary scientific research institute."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/manchuria/": {"t": "Manchuria", "s": "Historical region in Northeast Asia, homeland of the Manchus.", "i": "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/img/countries-and-regions/manchuria.webp", "c": "Wikimedia Commons · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/e/diseases-and-conditions/pneumonia/": {"t": "Pneumonia", "s": "Inflammatory lung condition primarily affecting alveoli, caused by infection.", "i": "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/img/diseases-and-conditions/pneumonia.webp", "c": "Nephron · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/symptoms-and-signs-respiratory-system/e/symptoms-and-signs-respiratory-system/pleurisy/": {"t": "Pleurisy", "s": "Inflammation of the pleurae causing sharp chest pain with breathing."}, "https://codexery.com/asian-cities/e/asian-cities/daejeon/": {"t": "Daejeon", "s": "South Korea's fifth-largest metropolis, a technology and administration hub."}, "https://codexery.com/royalty-and-heads-of-state/e/royalty-and-heads-of-state/akihito/": {"t": "Akihito", "s": "125th Emperor of Japan; reigned during the Heisei era.", "i": "https://codexery.com/royalty-and-heads-of-state/img/royalty-and-heads-of-state/akihito.webp", "c": "State Department photo by William Ng / Public domain East Asia and Pacific Media · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/universities/e/universities/keio-university/": {"t": "Keio University", "s": "Private research university founded in 1858 in Tokyo."}, "https://codexery.com/architectural-landmarks/e/architectural-landmarks/yasukuni-shrine/": {"t": "Yasukuni Shrine", "s": "A Shinto shrine in Tokyo established in 1869 to honor those who died serving the Emperor, now a site of controversy.", "i": "https://codexery.com/architectural-landmarks/img/architectural-landmarks/yasukuni-shrine.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Zhang Zhehan · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/second-world-war/": {"t": "Second World War", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Axis, deadliest in history."}, "https://codexery.com/asian-cities/e/asian-cities/yokosuka/": {"t": "Yokosuka", "s": "A historic port city on Miura Peninsula, home to a major US Navy base and Nissan's Oppama plant."}, "https://codexery.com/food-drink/e/food-and-drink/wedding-cake/": {"t": "Wedding cake", "s": "The traditional cake served at wedding receptions, symbolizing good luck and celebration."}, "https://codexery.com/mausoleum-at-halicarnassus/e/mausoleum-at-halicarnassus/national-diet-building/": {"t": "National Diet Building", "s": "Seat of Japan's bicameral legislature since 1936.", "i": "https://codexery.com/mausoleum-at-halicarnassus/img/mausoleum-at-halicarnassus/national-diet-building.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: National Diet Building · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/composers/e/great-composers/richard-wagner/": {"t": "Richard Wagner", "s": "German composer who revolutionized opera through his concept of the Gesamtkunstwerk.", "i": "https://codexery.com/composers/img/great-composers/richard-wagner.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Richard Wagner · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/elvis-presley/": {"t": "Elvis Presley", "s": "The King of Rock and Roll"}, "https://codexery.com/composers-musicians/e/composers-and-musicians/jean-sibelius/": {"t": "Jean Sibelius", "s": "Finnish composer of the late Romantic and early modern periods, known for his seven symphonies and works like Finlandia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/composers-musicians/img/composers-and-musicians/jean-sibelius.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Jean Sibelius · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-games/e/chinese-games/mahjong/": {"t": "Mahjong", "s": "A tile game of skill, strategy, and luck from 19th-century China."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/leaders-and-monarchs/lee-kuan-yew/": {"t": "Lee Kuan Yew", "s": "First prime minister who transformed Singapore into a developed nation.", "i": "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/img/leaders-and-monarchs/lee-kuan-yew.webp", "c": "White House Photographic Office. 1974-1977 · via Wikipedia: Lee Kuan Yew · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/labor-employment/e/labor-and-employment/workweek-and-weekend/": {"t": "Workweek and weekend", "s": "Complementary parts of the week for labour and rest."}, "https://codexery.com/relationships-and-human-sexuality/e/relationships-and-human-sexuality/same-sex-relationship/": {"t": "Same-sex relationship", "s": "Romantic or sexual relationship between people of the same sex."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-concepts-doctrines/e/legal-concepts-and-doctrines/defamation/": {"t": "Defamation", "s": "Legal remedy for injury to reputation, honour, or dignity."}, "https://codexery.com/family-relationships/e/family-and-relationships/patrilineality/": {"t": "Patrilineality", "s": "Kinship system tracing descent and inheritance through the father's lineage."}, "https://codexery.com/instruments/e/musical-instruments/the-clarinet/": {"t": "The Clarinet", "s": "Single-reed woodwind with cylindrical bore and flared bell.", "i": "https://codexery.com/instruments/img/musical-instruments/the-clarinet.webp", "c": "Auckland Museum Collections from Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/e/universities-and-colleges/harvard-university/": {"t": "Harvard University", "s": "Oldest institution of higher learning in the United States.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/img/universities-and-colleges/harvard-university.webp", "c": "Harvard University · via Wikipedia: Harvard University · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/surgery-trauma/e/surgery-and-trauma/chemotherapy/": {"t": "Chemotherapy", "s": "Systemic cancer treatment using cytotoxic drugs to inhibit cell division."}, "https://codexery.com/military-conflicts-and-wars/e/military-conflicts-and-wars/iraq-war/": {"t": "Iraq War", "s": "The 2003 to 2011 conflict that opened with a US-led invasion and removed Saddam Hussein from power.", "i": "https://codexery.com/military-conflicts-and-wars/img/military-conflicts-and-wars/iraq-war.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Iraq War · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/islands/e/islands/sentosa/": {"t": "Sentosa", "s": "An island of peace and tranquility, once known as the 'Island of Death Behind'."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/leaders-and-monarchs/mahathir-mohamad/": {"t": "Mahathir Mohamad", "s": "Malaysian politician and physician, seventh prime minister (2018–2020).", "i": "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/img/leaders-and-monarchs/mahathir-mohamad.webp", "c": "kremlin.ru · via Wikipedia: Mahathir Mohamad · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/japanese-cities/e/japanese-cities/osaka/": {"t": "Osaka", "s": "Japan's historic commercial hub and a major global financial center."}, "https://codexery.com/universities/e/universities/korea-university/": {"t": "Korea University", "s": "Founded 1905 as Bosung College; a SKY university."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/saudi-arabia/": {"t": "Saudi Arabia", "s": "The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a land of ancient heritage, vast deserts, and global influence.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/img/honours/saudi-arabia.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Saudi Arabia at the FIFA World Cup · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/transportation/e/transportation/rapid-transit/": {"t": "Rapid transit", "s": "High-capacity urban electric rail transit on exclusive rights-of-way."}, "https://codexery.com/government-public-administration/e/government-and-public-administration/foreign-policy/": {"t": "Foreign policy", "s": "A state's strategies for interacting with other states and entities.", "i": "https://codexery.com/government-public-administration/img/government-and-public-administration/foreign-policy.webp", "c": "U.S. Department of State · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/constitutional-and-rights-law/e/constitutional-and-rights-law/oath-of-office/": {"t": "Oath of office", "s": "A solemn vow required before assuming official duties."}, "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/e/international-law-and-diplomacy/ratification/": {"t": "Ratification", "s": "Legal confirmation of an agent's act or consent to a treaty.", "i": "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/img/international-law-and-diplomacy/ratification.webp", "c": "MarginalCost · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/the-wall-street-journal/": {"t": "The Wall Street Journal", "s": "American business newspaper, newspaper of record, center-right editorial page."}, "https://codexery.com/international-relations-and-concepts/e/international-relations-and-concepts/globalization/": {"t": "Globalization", "s": "Process of increasing global interdependence and integration."}, "https://codexery.com/education-schools/e/education-and-schools/middle-school/": {"t": "Middle school", "s": "Educational stage between primary and secondary school."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/korean-language/": {"t": "Korean language", "s": "Korean is a Koreanic language official in both North and South Korea."}, "https://codexery.com/asian-leaders/e/asian-leaders/chiang-ching-kuo/": {"t": "Chiang Ching-kuo", "s": "Soviet-educated son of Chiang Kai-shek who led Taiwan from 1978 and oversaw the end of martial law."}, "https://codexery.com/asian-leaders/e/asian-leaders/chen-shui-bian/": {"t": "Chen Shui-bian", "s": "First non-Kuomintang president of the Republic of China."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-history/e/chinese-history/taiwan-under-japanese-rule/": {"t": "Taiwan under Japanese rule", "s": "The period of Japanese rule over Taiwan began in 1895 after the Qing dynasty ceded Fujian-Taiwan Province to Japan in the Treaty of Shimonoseki, following Japan"}, "https://codexery.com/musical-genres-and-styles/e/musical-genres-and-styles/classical-music/": {"t": "Classical music", "s": "Western art music tradition emphasizing formality and polyphony."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/friedrich-nietzsche/": {"t": "Friedrich Nietzsche", "s": "German philosopher and philologist known for his critiques of religion, morality, and truth."}, "https://codexery.com/writers-poets/e/writers-and-poets/johann-wolfgang-von-goethe/": {"t": "Johann Wolfgang von Goethe", "s": "German polymath and most influential writer in the German language"}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/shinto/": {"t": "Shinto", "s": "Japan's indigenous religion centered on kami worship."}, "https://codexery.com/literary-works/e/literary-works/the-tale-of-genji/": {"t": "The Tale of Genji", "s": "A Heian-era tale of courtly life and love."}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/natsume-s-seki/": {"t": "Natsume Sōseki", "s": "Japanese novelist, poet, and scholar of English literature."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/t-e-lawrence/": {"t": "T. E. Lawrence", "s": "British officer, archaeologist, and writer known as Lawrence of Arabia."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/immanuel-kant/": {"t": "Immanuel Kant", "s": "Central thinker of the Enlightenment, known for transcendental idealism and the categorical imperative."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/karl-marx/": {"t": "Karl Marx", "s": "German philosopher and revolutionary socialist who developed Marxism."}, "https://codexery.com/prefectures-of-japan/e/prefectures-of-japan/chiba-prefecture/": {"t": "Chiba Prefecture", "s": "Chiba Prefecture: Eastern gateway to Tokyo, home to Narita Airport and the Keiyō Industrial Zone.", "i": "https://codexery.com/prefectures-of-japan/img/prefectures-of-japan/chiba-prefecture.webp", "c": "Ineshima · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/qingdao/": {"t": "Qingdao", "s": "A historic port city blending German heritage with modern Chinese dynamism."}, "https://codexery.com/japanese-cities/e/japanese-cities/nagoya/": {"t": "Nagoya", "s": "Capital of Aichi Prefecture and a major industrial hub in Japan."}, "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-topics/e/world-war-ii-topics/surrender-of-japan/": {"t": "Surrender of Japan", "s": "Japan's surrender ended World War II in the Pacific.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-topics/img/world-war-ii-topics/surrender-of-japan.webp", "c": "Harry Beanham · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-history/e/chinese-history/republic-of-china-1912-1949/": {"t": "Republic of China (1912–1949)", "s": "First Chinese republic, ruled mainland until 1949."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/japanese-language/": {"t": "Japanese language", "s": "The principal language of the Japonic family, spoken by over 123 million people, primarily in Japan."}, "/e/east-asian-leaders/li-keqiang/": {"t": "Li Keqiang", "s": "Chinese premier who died in 2023 at age 68, the youngest to leave office and earliest to die among all PRC premiers.", "i": "https://codexery.com/east-asian-leaders/img/east-asian-leaders/li-keqiang.webp", "c": "内閣官房広報室 · via Wikipedia: Li Keqiang · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/asian-leaders/e/asian-leaders/donald-tsang/": {"t": "Donald Tsang", "s": "Second Chief Executive of Hong Kong."}, "https://codexery.com/asian-leaders/e/asian-leaders/carrie-lam/": {"t": "Carrie Lam", "s": "Fourth Chief Executive of Hong Kong, first woman in the role."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/modern-metropolis/hong-kong/": {"t": "Hong Kong", "s": "Asia's world city, a global financial hub."}, "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/e/states-and-regions/shandong/": {"t": "Shandong", "s": "Coastal province, cradle of Confucianism and Taoism."}, "https://codexery.com/economics-and-business/e/economics-and-business/real-estate/": {"t": "Real estate", "s": "Land and buildings as immovable property under ownership.", "i": "https://codexery.com/economics-and-business/img/economics-and-business/real-estate.webp", "c": "Yates & Jones, draftsmen, George Street, Brisbane · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/shenzhen/": {"t": "Shenzhen", "s": "Shenzhen: A premier global metropolis and technology hub on the Pearl River estuary."}, "https://codexery.com/banking-and-finance/e/banking-and-finance/london-stock-exchange/": {"t": "London Stock Exchange", "s": "London's historic gateway to global capital markets."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/the-age/": {"t": "The Age", "s": "The Age is a Melbourne-based daily newspaper first published in 1854."}, "https://codexery.com/government-and-law/e/government-and-law/separation-of-powers/": {"t": "Separation of powers", "s": "Principle dividing government into distinct branches to prevent tyranny."}, "https://codexery.com/banking-and-finance/e/banking-and-finance/hsbc/": {"t": "HSBC", "s": "British universal bank with roots in colonial Hong Kong."}, "/e/east-asian-leaders/li-qiang/": {"t": "Li Qiang", "s": "Chinese premier and Xi Jinping ally, pro-business reformer."}, "https://codexery.com/architectural-landmarks/e/architectural-landmarks/zhongnanhai/": {"t": "Zhongnanhai", "s": "The political heart of China, a former imperial garden turned seat of power.", "i": "https://codexery.com/architectural-landmarks/img/architectural-landmarks/zhongnanhai.webp", "c": "user:kallgan · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/jurists-and-legal-scholars/e/jurists-and-legal-scholars/tom-denning-baron-denning/": {"t": "Tom Denning, Baron Denning", "s": "English barrister and judge, Master of the Rolls for 20 years, known for his report on the Profumo affair and bold judgments."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/hiv-aids/": {"t": "HIV/AIDS", "s": "Retrovirus causing AIDS, manageable but incurable."}, "https://codexery.com/construction-and-engineering/e/construction-and-engineering/three-gorges-dam/": {"t": "Three Gorges Dam", "s": "World's largest power station by installed capacity (22,500 MW).", "i": "https://codexery.com/construction-and-engineering/img/construction-and-engineering/three-gorges-dam.webp", "c": "NASA/METI/AIST/Japan Space Systems, and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/economics-and-business/e/economics-and-business/protectionism/": {"t": "Protectionism", "s": "Economic policy restricting imports to protect domestic industries.", "i": "https://codexery.com/economics-and-business/img/economics-and-business/protectionism.webp", "c": "John Atkinson Hobson · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts-models/e/economic-concepts-and-models/consumption-economics/": {"t": "Consumption (economics)", "s": "Use of resources to fulfill present needs and desires."}, "https://codexery.com/asian-leaders/e/asian-leaders/bo-xilai/": {"t": "Bo Xilai", "s": "Chinese former politician convicted on bribery and embezzlement charges."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/isaac-newton/": {"t": "Isaac Newton", "s": "English polymath who formulated laws of motion and universal gravitation."}, "https://codexery.com/infection-control-measures/e/infection-control-measures/zero-covid/": {"t": "Zero-COVID", "s": "A public health strategy of maximum suppression to eliminate COVID-19."}, "/e/east-asian-leaders/jiang-zemin/": {"t": "Jiang Zemin", "s": "Fourth paramount leader of China from 1989 to 2002."}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/hainan/": {"t": "Hainan", "s": "China's southernmost island province, a tropical free-trade port."}, "https://codexery.com/power-generation/e/power-generation/hydroelectricity/": {"t": "Hydroelectricity", "s": "Electricity generated from hydropower, a key low-carbon energy source."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/xi-an/": {"t": "Xi'an", "s": "Ancient capital, modern hub of Western China."}, "https://codexery.com/pandemics/e/pandemics/covid-19-pandemic/": {"t": "COVID-19 pandemic", "s": "Global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, beginning in late 2019."}, "https://codexery.com/national-economies/e/national-economies/economy-of-china/": {"t": "Economy of China", "s": "The world's second-largest economy by nominal GDP and largest by PPP since 2016."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-j/e/cities-starting-with-j/jinhua/": {"t": "Jinhua", "s": "Prefecture-level city in Zhejiang, known for Jinhua ham.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-j/img/cities-starting-with-j/jinhua.webp", "c": "song songroov · CC BY 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/the-economist/": {"t": "The Economist", "s": "A severe contest between intelligence, which presses forward, and an unworthy, timid ignorance obstructing our progress."}, "https://codexery.com/tycoons-and-industrialists/e/tycoons-and-industrialists/jack-ma/": {"t": "Jack Ma", "s": "Chinese entrepreneur and co-founder of Alibaba Group"}, "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/e/corporations-and-conglomerates/tesla-inc/": {"t": "Tesla, Inc.", "s": "American automaker and clean energy company founded in July 2003.", "i": "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/img/corporations-and-conglomerates/tesla-inc.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Tesla, Inc. · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/modern-conflicts/chinese-civil-war/": {"t": "Chinese Civil War", "s": "Civil war between KMT and CCP, ending in Communist victory."}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous/e/miscellaneous/carpentry/": {"t": "Carpentry", "s": "Carpenters shape and install materials in construction, from framing to finish."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/beijing/": {"t": "Beijing", "s": "The world's most populous national capital, blending millennia of history with cutting-edge innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/constitutional-law/e/constitutional-law/constitution-of-china/": {"t": "Constitution of China", "s": "Supreme law of the People's Republic of China."}, "https://codexery.com/asian-leaders/e/asian-leaders/dong-biwu/": {"t": "Dong Biwu", "s": "Chinese communist revolutionary and politician present at the 1949 founding ceremony."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/zhu-de/": {"t": "Zhu De", "s": "Founding marshal of the People's Republic of China"}, "https://codexery.com/hungarian-revolution-of-1956/e/hungarian-revolution-of-1956/capitalist-roader/": {"t": "Capitalist roader", "s": "Maoist label for those seen as restoring capitalism."}, "https://codexery.com/common-diseases-disorders/e/common-diseases-and-disorders/diabetes/": {"t": "Diabetes", "s": "A group of endocrine diseases marked by high blood sugar."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/qing-dynasty/": {"t": "Qing dynasty", "s": "The Qing dynasty, also called the Great Qing or Qing China, was an early modern empire in East Asia ruled by the Manchu people."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/e/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/yuan-shikai/": {"t": "Yuan Shikai", "s": "Chinese general and statesman who briefly declared himself emperor.", "i": "https://codexery.com/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/img/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/yuan-shikai.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Yuan Shikai · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/moscow/": {"t": "Moscow", "s": "Capital of Russia, largest city in Europe, and a historic center of power and culture."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/changsha/": {"t": "Changsha", "s": "Capital of Hunan, ancient city, and global industrial hub."}, "https://codexery.com/education-schools/e/education-and-schools/new-york-university/": {"t": "New York University", "s": "A private research university in New York City, founded in 1832 by Albert Gallatin.", "i": "https://codexery.com/education-schools/img/education-and-schools/new-york-university.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: State University of New York · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/international-relations-and-concepts/e/international-relations-and-concepts/international-law/": {"t": "International law", "s": "Body of rules governing state relations, based largely on consent."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/singapore/": {"t": "Singapore", "s": "The Lion City, a global hub of trade and finance."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/three-kingdoms/": {"t": "Three Kingdoms", "s": "A partial revival of the old three kingdoms in early medieval Korea."}, "https://codexery.com/literary-novels-and-classics/e/literary-novels-and-classics/romance-of-the-three-kingdoms/": {"t": "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "s": "A 14th-century novel blending history and fiction from China's Three Kingdoms.", "i": "https://codexery.com/literary-novels-and-classics/img/literary-novels-and-classics/romance-of-the-three-kingdoms.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Romance of the Three Kingdoms · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-history/e/chinese-history/retreat-of-the-government-of-the-republic-of-china-to-taiwan/": {"t": "Retreat of the government of the Republic of China to Taiwan", "s": "Retreat of ROC government to Taiwan after civil war defeat."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/e/religious-practices-and-symbols/baptism/": {"t": "Baptism", "s": "Christian rite of initiation using water, with varied modes and meanings.", "i": "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/img/religious-practices-and-symbols/baptism.webp", "c": "Confidence24 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-games/e/sports-and-games/track-and-field/": {"t": "Track and field", "s": "Ancient sport of running, jumping, and throwing contests."}, "https://codexery.com/natural-disasters/e/natural-disasters/hurricane-katrina/": {"t": "Hurricane Katrina", "s": "The 2005 Category 5 hurricane that flooded New Orleans and became the costliest US tropical cyclone.", "i": "https://codexery.com/natural-disasters/img/natural-disasters/hurricane-katrina.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Hurricane Katrina · see source"}}