{"/e/cultural-depictions-of-benjamin-franklin/1776-film/": {"t": "1776 (film)", "s": "A musical dramatization of the signing of the Declaration of Independence."}, "/e/cultural-depictions-of-benjamin-franklin/1776-musical/": {"t": "1776 (musical)", "s": "A musical about the signing of the Declaration of Independence."}, "/e/cultural-depictions-of-benjamin-franklin/the-adams-chronicles/": {"t": "The Adams Chronicles", "s": "A PBS miniseries on the Adams political family."}, "/e/cultural-depictions-of-benjamin-franklin/the-american-revolution-tv-series/": {"t": "The American Revolution (TV series)", "s": "A documentary miniseries on the American Revolution."}, "/e/cultural-depictions-of-benjamin-franklin/ben-and-me/": {"t": "Ben and Me", "s": "A mouse recounts his role in Benjamin Franklin's career."}, "/e/cultural-depictions-of-benjamin-franklin/ben-franklin-in-paris/": {"t": "Ben Franklin in Paris", "s": "A musical about Benjamin Franklin's fictionalized adventures in Paris."}, "/e/cultural-depictions-of-benjamin-franklin/benjamin-franklin-2002-tv-series/": {"t": "Benjamin Franklin (2002 TV series)", "s": "A 2002 documentary miniseries on Benjamin Franklin's life and legacy."}, "/e/cultural-depictions-of-benjamin-franklin/benjamin-franklin-drawing-electricity-from-the-sky/": {"t": "Benjamin Franklin Drawing Electricity from the Sky", "s": "West's painting of Franklin's kite experiment blends Neoclassicism and Romanticism."}, "/e/cultural-depictions-of-benjamin-franklin/declaration-of-independence-film/": {"t": "Declaration of Independence (film)", "s": "A short drama on the adoption of the Declaration of Independence."}, "/e/cultural-depictions-of-benjamin-franklin/declaration-of-independence-painting/": {"t": "Declaration of Independence (painting)", "s": "Trumbull's painting shows the Declaration's presentation, not its signing."}, "/e/cultural-depictions-of-benjamin-franklin/franklin-miniseries/": {"t": "Franklin (miniseries)", "s": "Michael Douglas portrays Benjamin Franklin in an Apple TV+ miniseries."}, "/e/cultural-depictions-of-benjamin-franklin/janice-meredith/": {"t": "Janice Meredith", "s": "Silent film about a woman aiding the American Revolution."}, "/e/cultural-depictions-of-benjamin-franklin/john-paul-jones-film/": {"t": "John Paul Jones (film)", "s": "A 1959 biopic of the Revolutionary War naval hero."}, "/e/cultural-depictions-of-benjamin-franklin/liberty/": {"t": "Liberty!", "s": "Documentary miniseries on the American Revolution featuring Philip Bosco as Franklin."}, "/e/cultural-depictions-of-benjamin-franklin/a-more-perfect-union-film/": {"t": "A More Perfect Union (film)", "s": "A dramatization of the 1787 Constitutional Convention."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors/e/great-inventors/benjamin-franklin/": {"t": "Benjamin Franklin", "s": "Founding Father, scientist, inventor, and diplomat.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inventors/img/great-inventors/benjamin-franklin.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Benjamin Franklin · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/society-and-culture/e/society-and-culture/popular-culture/": {"t": "Popular culture", "s": "Dominant practices and beliefs of a society at a given time."}, "https://codexery.com/christopher-nolan/e/people/columbia-pictures/": {"t": "Columbia Pictures", "s": "A major Hollywood studio since 1924."}, "https://codexery.com/philadelphia-76ers/e/stadiums/philadelphia/": {"t": "Philadelphia", "s": "The gritty, soulful city where the Sixers legacy is forged in fire and celebrated with unmatched passion."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/massachusetts/": {"t": "Massachusetts", "s": "A New England state with a rich colonial and revolutionary history.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/massachusetts.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-an/e/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-and-beyond/abigail-adams/": {"t": "Abigail Adams", "s": "Wife and advisor of John Adams, mother of John Quincy Adams.", "i": "https://codexery.com/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-an/img/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-and-beyond/abigail-adams.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Abigail Adams · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/pennsylvania/": {"t": "Pennsylvania", "s": "The Keystone State", "i": "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/img/countries-and-regions/pennsylvania.webp", "c": "Simtropolitan, Jean-Pierre Demailly (old version)\npermission=\n\n\n\nInsignia\n\nThis image shows a flag, a coat of arms, a seal or some other official insignia. The  · via Wikipedia: Pennsylvania · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/virginia/": {"t": "Virginia", "s": "First permanent English colony in the New World."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/delaware/": {"t": "Delaware", "s": "First state to ratify the U.S. Constitution.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/delaware.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cancer/e/cancer/cancer/": {"t": "Cancer", "s": "A group of diseases involving uncontrolled cell growth with potential to spread."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/new-york-state/": {"t": "New York (state)", "s": "The Empire State: A global node of creativity, entrepreneurship, and natural wonder."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/maryland/": {"t": "Maryland", "s": "A Mid-Atlantic state with diverse geography and high median income.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/maryland.webp", "c": "Michael Wheeler · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/george-washington/": {"t": "George Washington", "s": "First president of the United States and commander of the Continental Army during the American Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/south-carolina/": {"t": "South Carolina", "s": "A southeastern U.S. state with a pivotal role in American history."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/georgia-u-s-state/": {"t": "Georgia (U.S. state)", "s": "Southern state, last of the Thirteen Colonies, civil rights hub.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/georgia-u-s-state.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/performing-arts-music-genres/e/performing-arts-and-music-genres/broadway-theatre/": {"t": "Broadway theatre", "s": "The highest commercial level of live theater in the English-speaking world."}, "https://codexery.com/actors-filmmakers/e/actors-and-filmmakers/julie-andrews/": {"t": "Julie Andrews", "s": "The English star of Mary Poppins and The Sound of Music, with a career spanning stage, screen and books.", "i": "https://codexery.com/actors-filmmakers/img/actors-and-filmmakers/julie-andrews.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Julie Andrews · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/performers-and-entertainers/e/performers-and-entertainers/audrey-hepburn/": {"t": "Audrey Hepburn", "s": "British actress and humanitarian, ranked by the American Film Institute as the third-greatest female screen legend from the Classical Hollywood cinema.", "i": "https://codexery.com/performers-and-entertainers/img/performers-and-entertainers/audrey-hepburn.webp", "c": "FakirNL · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/nielsen-ratings-winners/e/nielsen-ratings-winners/friends/": {"t": "Friends", "s": "Six friends navigate life and love in New York City."}, "https://codexery.com/american-fantasy-comedy-television/e/american-fantasy-comedy-television-series/bewitched/": {"t": "Bewitched", "s": "A witch marries a mortal and vows suburban normalcy."}, "https://codexery.com/television-shows-about-genies/e/television-shows-about-genies/i-dream-of-jeannie/": {"t": "I Dream of Jeannie", "s": "A 2,000-year-old genie falls for an astronaut.", "i": "https://codexery.com/television-shows-about-genies/img/television-shows-about-genies/i-dream-of-jeannie.webp", "c": "Eva Rinaldi · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/quakers/": {"t": "Quakers", "s": "A historically Protestant Christian movement emphasizing direct experience of God and peace.", "i": "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/img/religious-traditions/quakers.webp", "c": "Kenneth C. Zirkel · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/robert-e-lee/": {"t": "Robert E. Lee", "s": "Confederate general who led the Army of Northern Virginia."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/edmund-burke/": {"t": "Edmund Burke", "s": "Anglo-Irish writer, philosopher, and politician; widely credited as the founder of conservatism."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/the-new-york-times/": {"t": "The New York Times", "s": "The Gray Lady, a U.S."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/the-boston-globe/": {"t": "The Boston Globe", "s": "One of the nation's most prestigious papers"}, "https://codexery.com/theatre-and-performance/e/theatre-and-performance/my-fair-lady/": {"t": "My Fair Lady", "s": "A musical of transformation and wit, based on Shaw's Pygmalion."}, "https://codexery.com/sexual-practices-identities/e/sexual-practices-and-identities/transgender/": {"t": "Transgender", "s": "A person whose gender identity differs from the sex they were assigned at birth; an umbrella term that gained its modern meaning in the 1990s.", "i": "https://codexery.com/sexual-practices-identities/img/sexual-practices-and-identities/transgender.webp", "c": "SVG file Dlloyd based on Monica Helms design · via Wikipedia: Transgender · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/e/exploration-and-colonization/atlantic-slave-trade/": {"t": "Atlantic slave trade", "s": "Transatlantic transportation of enslaved Africans to the Americas.", "i": "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/img/exploration-and-colonization/atlantic-slave-trade.webp", "c": "Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/new-england/": {"t": "New England", "s": "Six-state region in northeastern U.S. with strong cultural identity."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-greek-theatre/e/ancient-greek-theatre/classical-unities/": {"t": "Classical unities", "s": "A prescriptive dramatic theory of three unities from 16th-century Italy."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/revolutions-and-uprisings/french-revolution/": {"t": "French Revolution", "s": "The 1789–1799 upheaval that toppled the French monarchy and shaped liberal democracy.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/img/revolutions-and-uprisings/french-revolution.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: French Revolution · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/oliver-cromwell/": {"t": "Oliver Cromwell", "s": "Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland"}, "https://codexery.com/constitutional-law/e/constitutional-law/articles-of-confederation/": {"t": "Articles of Confederation", "s": "The first constitution of the United States, in force from 1781 to 1789."}, "https://codexery.com/opera-composers/e/opera-composers/gilbert-and-sullivan/": {"t": "Gilbert and Sullivan", "s": "Victorian theatrical duo of librettist and composer."}, "https://codexery.com/american-science-fiction-sitcoms/e/american-science-fiction-sitcoms/futurama/": {"t": "Futurama", "s": "An animated sitcom set a thousand years in the future."}, "https://codexery.com/forms-of-government/e/forms-of-government/president-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "President of the United States", "s": "Head of state and government of the United States."}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-british-empire/e/rebellions-against-the-british-empire/american-revolutionary-war/": {"t": "American Revolutionary War", "s": "Armed conflict that secured American independence from British rule.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-british-empire/img/rebellions-against-the-british-empire/american-revolutionary-war.webp", "c": "EgorovaSvetlana · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/paul-revere/": {"t": "Paul Revere", "s": "American silversmith, Patriot, and midnight rider"}, "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/e/corporations-and-conglomerates/the-walt-disney-company/": {"t": "The Walt Disney Company", "s": "American multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate.", "i": "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/img/corporations-and-conglomerates/the-walt-disney-company.webp", "c": "Disney Enterprises, Inc. · via Wikipedia: The Walt Disney Company · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/comedy-legends/e/comedy-legends/red-skelton/": {"t": "Red Skelton", "s": "Entertainer who made people laugh for 70 years.", "i": "https://codexery.com/comedy-legends/img/comedy-legends/red-skelton.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Red Skelton · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/criminal-law-procedure/e/criminal-law-and-procedure/false-imprisonment/": {"t": "False imprisonment", "s": "Intentional restriction of movement without legal authority."}, "https://codexery.com/explorers-navigators/e/explorers-and-navigators/charles-lindbergh/": {"t": "Charles Lindbergh", "s": "Aviator who made the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic."}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/mark-twain/": {"t": "Mark Twain", "s": "American writer, humorist, and essayist, author of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn."}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-united-states/e/rebellions-against-the-united-states/american-civil-war/": {"t": "American Civil War", "s": "Civil war between the Union and Confederacy over slavery and secession."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/second-world-war/": {"t": "Second World War", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Axis, deadliest in history."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/historical-events-and-places/september-11-attacks/": {"t": "September 11 attacks", "s": "Coordinated al-Qaeda suicide hijackings killed nearly 3,000 people."}, "https://codexery.com/architectural-landmarks/e/architectural-landmarks/world-trade-center-1973-2001/": {"t": "World Trade Center (1973–2001)", "s": "Icon of New York City, destroyed on 9/11", "i": "https://codexery.com/architectural-landmarks/img/architectural-landmarks/world-trade-center-1973-2001.webp", "c": "Eric Ascalon ******************** · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/olympic-champions/e/olympic-champions/michael-phelps/": {"t": "Michael Phelps", "s": "American swimmer with the most Olympic medals in history."}, "https://codexery.com/gymnastics/e/gymnastics/simone-biles/": {"t": "Simone Biles", "s": "Most decorated gymnast in history with 11 Olympic and 30 World medals."}, "https://codexery.com/business-tycoons-and-industrialists/e/business-tycoons-and-industrialists/elon-musk/": {"t": "Elon Musk", "s": "Business magnate, entrepreneur, and investor."}, "https://codexery.com/musical-genres-and-styles/e/musical-genres-and-styles/a-cappella/": {"t": "A cappella", "s": "Vocal music performed without instrumental accompaniment.", "i": "https://codexery.com/musical-genres-and-styles/img/musical-genres-and-styles/a-cappella.webp", "c": "Bernard Gagnon · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/dancers-and-choreographers/e/dancers-and-choreographers/michael-flatley/": {"t": "Michael Flatley", "s": "American-Irish dancer who reinvented Irish dance and created global stage shows."}, "https://codexery.com/psychedelic-musical-groups/e/psychedelic-musical-groups/pacific-ocean-band/": {"t": "Pacific Ocean (band)", "s": "Psychedelic/hard rock band fronted by Edward James Olmos."}, "https://codexery.com/women-in-entertainment/e/women-in-entertainment/whoopi-goldberg/": {"t": "Whoopi Goldberg", "s": "EGOT-winning entertainer and co-host of 'The View'.", "i": "https://codexery.com/women-in-entertainment/img/women-in-entertainment/whoopi-goldberg.webp", "c": "PhilipRomano · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/auteur-directors/e/auteur-directors/ken-burns/": {"t": "Ken Burns", "s": "American documentary filmmaker of U.S. history and culture."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/revolutions-and-uprisings/american-revolution/": {"t": "American Revolution", "s": "Political movement that created the sovereign United States.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/img/revolutions-and-uprisings/american-revolution.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: American Revolution · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/the-atlantic/": {"t": "The Atlantic", "s": "A literary magazine turned general-interest publication.", "i": "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/img/magazines-and-newspapers/the-atlantic.webp", "c": "PCN02WPS · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/magazines/e/magazines/vanity-fair-magazine/": {"t": "Vanity Fair (magazine)", "s": "American monthly magazine of popular culture, fashion, and current affairs."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/artists/pieter-bruegel-the-elder/": {"t": "Pieter Bruegel the Elder", "s": "Pioneer of landscapes and peasant scenes in Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/artists/pieter-bruegel-the-elder.webp", "c": "Pieter Brueghel the Elder · via Wikipedia: Pieter Bruegel the Elder · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/francisco-goya/": {"t": "Francisco Goya", "s": "Spanish romantic painter and printmaker, last of the Old Masters and first of the moderns."}, "https://codexery.com/cbs-science-fiction-dramas/e/cbs-science-fiction-dramas/the-twilight-zone/": {"t": "The Twilight Zone", "s": "A journey into a dimension of imagination and terror."}, "https://codexery.com/screen-legends/e/screen-legends/burt-reynolds/": {"t": "Burt Reynolds", "s": "From football star to screen legend: the enduring charisma of Burt Reynolds."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/writers/marlon-brando/": {"t": "Marlon Brando", "s": "The actor who brought naturalism to film and defied convention."}, "https://codexery.com/magic/e/magic/black-magic/": {"t": "Black magic", "s": "Magic used for evil or selfish purposes, historically persecuted."}, "https://codexery.com/film-history-milestones/e/film-history-and-milestones/cinema-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "Cinema of the United States", "s": "Hollywood shaped global cinema from the early 20th century."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/ulysses-s-grant/": {"t": "Ulysses S. Grant", "s": "18th U.S. President and Commanding General of the Union Army"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/abraham-lincoln/": {"t": "Abraham Lincoln", "s": "16th president who led the Union through the Civil War and abolished slavery."}, "https://codexery.com/explorers-navigators/e/explorers-and-navigators/daniel-boone/": {"t": "Daniel Boone", "s": "American pioneer and frontiersman who explored and settled Kentucky."}, "https://codexery.com/television-shows-about-genies/e/television-shows-about-genies/the-man-in-the-bottle/": {"t": "The Man in the Bottle", "s": "A genie's wishes bring ruin to a kindly couple."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/alfred-hitchcock/": {"t": "Alfred Hitchcock", "s": "Master of Suspense"}, "https://codexery.com/the-sopranos/e/story/made-in-america/": {"t": "Made in America", "s": "Tony Soprano seeks peace while facing uncertain consequences."}, "https://codexery.com/narrative-forms-and-devices/e/narrative-forms-and-devices/science-fiction/": {"t": "Science fiction", "s": "Genre of speculative fiction about advanced technology and its consequences."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/culture/london/": {"t": "London", "s": "A global city on the Thames, London blends nearly 2,000 years of history with a vibrant, multicultural present."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/isaac-newton/": {"t": "Isaac Newton", "s": "English polymath who formulated laws of motion and universal gravitation."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/gottfried-wilhelm-leibniz/": {"t": "Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz", "s": "German polymath and co-creator of calculus"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/louis-xiv/": {"t": "Louis XIV", "s": "The Sun King who defined absolute monarchy and led France to European dominance."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/john-churchill-1st-duke-of-marlborough/": {"t": "John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough", "s": "The general who never lost a battle.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/leaders/john-churchill-1st-duke-of-marlborough.webp", "c": "Attributed to Michael Dahl · via Wikipedia: John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/mercury-element/": {"t": "Mercury (element)", "s": "A heavy, silvery liquid metal with unique physical properties and high toxicity."}, "https://codexery.com/a24-films/e/people/academy-awards/": {"t": "Academy Awards", "s": "Annual awards for cinematic excellence since 1929."}, "https://codexery.com/documentary-film-series/e/documentary-film-series/true-life-adventures/": {"t": "True-Life Adventures", "s": "A landmark nature documentary series from Walt Disney Productions."}, "https://codexery.com/christopher-nolan/e/people/rko-pictures/": {"t": "RKO Pictures", "s": "One of Hollywood's Big Five studios from the Golden Age."}, "https://codexery.com/disney-channel-original-programming/e/disney-channel-original-programming/disney-anthology-television-series/": {"t": "Disney anthology television series", "s": "The Walt Disney Company's long-running anthology television series."}, "https://codexery.com/disney-channel-original-programming/e/disney-channel-original-programming/d-tv/": {"t": "D-TV", "s": "Music videos set to vintage Disney animation."}, "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/e/manufacturing-and-materials/printing-press/": {"t": "Printing press", "s": "Machine that transfers ink onto materials by applying pressure."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/england/": {"t": "England", "s": "Land of the Angles, birthplace of football and the Industrial Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/musical-forms-and-genres/e/musical-forms-and-genres/musical-theatre/": {"t": "Musical theatre", "s": "A theatrical form integrating song, dialogue, acting and dance."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/leaders-and-monarchs/louis-xvi/": {"t": "Louis XVI", "s": "Last king of France before the fall of the monarchy."}, "https://codexery.com/pink-floyd/e/labels/capitol-records/": {"t": "Capitol Records", "s": "The corporate colossus that turned psychedelic art into a global commodity in North America.", "i": "https://codexery.com/pink-floyd/img/labels/capitol-records.webp", "c": "Capitol Records · via Wikipedia: Capitol Records · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/art-movements/e/art-movements/neoclassicism/": {"t": "Neoclassicism", "s": "A Western revival of classical antiquity inspired by Enlightenment ideals."}, "https://codexery.com/art-movements/e/art-movements/romanticism/": {"t": "Romanticism", "s": "Movement valuing emotion, imagination, and nature over Enlightenment rationalism."}, "https://codexery.com/painting-visual-arts/e/painting-and-visual-arts/history-painting/": {"t": "History painting", "s": "A narrative painting genre, traditionally the highest form of Western art."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/postage-stamp/": {"t": "Postage stamp", "s": "A postage stamp is a small piece of paper issued by a post office, postal administration, or other authorized vendors to customers who pay postage."}, "https://codexery.com/adventure-games/e/adventure-games/adventure-game/": {"t": "Adventure game", "s": "Story-driven interactive games focused on exploration and puzzle-solving.", "i": "https://codexery.com/adventure-games/img/adventure-games/adventure-game.webp", "c": "Shubhangi Parganiha · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/architects-and-designers/e/architects-and-designers/tim-schafer/": {"t": "Tim Schafer", "s": "American fashion stylist, self proclaimed image architect, and television personality."}, "https://codexery.com/computer-storage/e/computer-storage/floppy-disk/": {"t": "Floppy disk", "s": "A magnetic storage medium enclosed in a square plastic shell."}, "https://codexery.com/video-game-remakes/e/video-game-remakes/video-game-remake/": {"t": "Video game remake", "s": "A modernized reinterpretation of an older video game."}, "https://codexery.com/video-game-consoles-by-generation/e/video-game-consoles-by-generation/playstation-4/": {"t": "PlayStation 4", "s": "An eighth-generation console emphasizing social features and independent game development."}, "https://codexery.com/video-game-consoles-by-generation/e/video-game-consoles-by-generation/playstation-vita/": {"t": "PlayStation Vita", "s": "Sony's eighth-generation handheld that competed with the Nintendo 3DS."}, "https://codexery.com/computing-software/e/computing-and-software/microsoft-windows/": {"t": "Microsoft Windows", "s": "Proprietary operating system by Microsoft, dominant on desktops since the 1990s."}, "https://codexery.com/finnish-inventions/e/finnish-inventions/linux/": {"t": "Linux", "s": "Free and open-source Unix-like operating system family."}, "https://codexery.com/video-game-consoles-by-generation/e/video-game-consoles-by-generation/xbox-one/": {"t": "Xbox One", "s": "An all-in-one entertainment system and eighth-generation console."}, "https://codexery.com/computer-mice-and-monitors/e/computer-mice-and-monitors/computer-mouse/": {"t": "Computer mouse", "s": "A hand-held pointing device that controls a computer cursor.", "i": "https://codexery.com/computer-mice-and-monitors/img/computer-mice-and-monitors/computer-mouse.webp", "c": "Pixloom · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/electrical-systems/e/electrical-systems/electric-battery/": {"t": "Electric battery", "s": "Device converting chemical energy to electrical power via cells."}, "https://codexery.com/fictional-inventors/e/fictional-inventors/andre-delambre/": {"t": "Andre Delambre", "s": "Scientist whose transporter fused him with a fly."}, "https://codexery.com/american-speed-metal-musical-groups/e/american-speed-metal-musical-groups/megadeth/": {"t": "Megadeth", "s": "American thrash metal band formed by Dave Mustaine in 1983.", "i": "https://codexery.com/american-speed-metal-musical-groups/img/american-speed-metal-musical-groups/megadeth.webp", "c": "Thargol · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/socio-political-concepts/e/socio-political-concepts/nepotism/": {"t": "Nepotism", "s": "Favoring family in positions of power, from papal courts to Hollywood."}, "https://codexery.com/bearsville-records-artists/e/bearsville-records-artists/nick-jameson/": {"t": "Nick Jameson", "s": "Actor, comedian, musician, and producer known for 24."}, "https://codexery.com/mud-terminology/e/mud-terminology/player-character/": {"t": "Player character", "s": "The character you control in a game."}, "https://codexery.com/looney-tunes/e/characters/mel-blanc/": {"t": "Mel Blanc", "s": "The Man of a Thousand Voices behind Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Porky Pig and countless others.", "i": "https://codexery.com/looney-tunes/img/characters/mel-blanc.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Mel Blanc · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/computer-cooling-and-sound-cards/e/computer-cooling-and-sound-cards/sound-blaster/": {"t": "Sound Blaster", "s": "The de facto standard for PC audio before Windows 95."}, "https://codexery.com/neo-noir-video-games/e/neo-noir-video-games/grim-fandango/": {"t": "Grim Fandango", "s": "A 1998 adventure game set in the Land of the Dead."}, "https://codexery.com/science-fantasy-video-games/e/science-fantasy-video-games/broken-age/": {"t": "Broken Age", "s": "A crowdfunded adventure game released in two acts."}, "https://codexery.com/british-empire/e/british-empire/british-empire/": {"t": "British Empire", "s": "The largest empire in history, spanning a quarter of Earth's land."}, "https://codexery.com/british-empire/e/british-empire/imperial-federation/": {"t": "Imperial Federation", "s": "Unadopted plan for a federal superstate replacing the British Empire."}, "https://codexery.com/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasti/e/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasties/german-empire/": {"t": "German Empire", "s": "German Empire from 1871 unification to 1918 revolution.", "i": "https://codexery.com/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasti/img/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasties/german-empire.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: German Empire · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/e/exploration-and-colonization/east-india-company/": {"t": "East India Company", "s": "Chartered company that ruled large parts of India and dominated key trade routes.", "i": "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/img/exploration-and-colonization/east-india-company.webp", "c": "John Bruce · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/seven-years-war/": {"t": "Seven Years' War", "s": "Global war that reshaped European and colonial power.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/wars-and-conflicts/seven-years-war.webp", "c": "Blaue Max · via Wikipedia: Seven Years' War · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/new-york-city/": {"t": "New York City", "s": "The most populous city in the United States, a global center of finance, culture, and diplomacy."}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/e/exploration-and-colonization/spanish-empire/": {"t": "Spanish Empire", "s": "The empire on which the sun never set.", "i": "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/img/exploration-and-colonization/spanish-empire.webp", "c": "Nagihuin · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers/e/rivers/rio-grande/": {"t": "Rio Grande", "s": "The Rio Grande: a vital, arid-land river forming the U.S.-Mexico border.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers/img/rivers/rio-grande.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Rio Grande · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/andrew-jackson/": {"t": "Andrew Jackson", "s": "Seventh U.S. president and architect of Jacksonian democracy."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/mexico-city/": {"t": "Mexico City", "s": "La Ciudad de los Palacios"}, "https://codexery.com/agriculture-food/e/agriculture-and-food/cotton-gin/": {"t": "Cotton gin", "s": "Machine that separates cotton fibers from seeds efficiently."}, "https://codexery.com/government-public-administration/e/government-and-public-administration/executive-government/": {"t": "Executive (government)", "s": "Branch of government that enforces law and policy."}, "https://codexery.com/forms-of-government/e/forms-of-government/parliamentary-system/": {"t": "Parliamentary system", "s": "Government based on parliamentary confidence and fusion of powers."}, "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/e/states-and-regions/quebec/": {"t": "Quebec", "s": "Canada's largest province, heart of Francophone culture in North America.", "i": "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/img/states-and-regions/quebec.webp", "c": "Wilfredor · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/nova-scotia/": {"t": "Nova Scotia", "s": "Canada's most populous Atlantic province, rich in Mi'kmaq heritage and Scottish history."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/vietnam-war/": {"t": "Vietnam War", "s": "Cold War proxy war ending in communist victory across Indochina."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/time-magazine/": {"t": "Time (magazine)", "s": "A weekly news magazine that pioneered telling news through people."}, "https://codexery.com/nielsen-ratings-winners/e/nielsen-ratings-winners/60-minutes/": {"t": "60 Minutes", "s": "American news magazine debuting in 1968 on CBS."}, "https://codexery.com/social-identity-prejudice/e/social-identity-and-prejudice/antisemitism/": {"t": "Antisemitism", "s": "Hostility or prejudice against Jews."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/rhode-island/": {"t": "Rhode Island", "s": "Smallest U.S. state, founded as a haven for religious liberty."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutionary-leaders-and-activists/e/revolutionary-leaders-and-activists/osama-bin-laden/": {"t": "Osama bin Laden", "s": "Founder and first general emir of al-Qaeda"}, "https://codexery.com/crime-and-deviance/e/crime-and-deviance/surveillance/": {"t": "Surveillance", "s": "Systematic observation for information gathering, influence, or control."}, "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/e/universities-and-colleges/harvard-university/": {"t": "Harvard University", "s": "Oldest institution of higher learning in the United States.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/img/universities-and-colleges/harvard-university.webp", "c": "Harvard University · via Wikipedia: Harvard University · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/traditional-alternative-medicine/e/traditional-and-alternative-medicine/cannabis-drug/": {"t": "Cannabis (drug)", "s": "A psychoactive drug from the Cannabis plant, used for millennia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/traditional-alternative-medicine/img/traditional-and-alternative-medicine/cannabis-drug.webp", "c": "RoodyAlien · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/films-about-legendary-creatures/e/films-about-legendary-creatures/the-lord-of-the-rings-the-fellowship-of-the-ring/": {"t": "The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring", "s": "One ring to rule them all, one ring to find them."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/entertainment-weekly/": {"t": "Entertainment Weekly", "s": "Entertainment Weekly (sometimes abbreviated as EW) is an American digital-only entertainment magazine based in New York City, published by People Inc., that cov", "i": "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/img/magazines-and-newspapers/entertainment-weekly.webp", "c": "http://www.ew.com/sites/default/files/i/imgs/100305//feb161990-lang_249.jpg · via Wikipedia: Entertainment Weekly · Fair use"}, "https://codexery.com/dutch-inventions/e/dutch-inventions/dvd/": {"t": "DVD", "s": "Digital optical disc format that replaced VHS for home video."}, "https://codexery.com/bubblegum-pop-groups/e/bubblegum-pop-groups/the-osmonds/": {"t": "The Osmonds", "s": "Family pop group that sold over 77 million records."}, "https://codexery.com/military-conflicts-and-wars/e/military-conflicts-and-wars/iraq-war/": {"t": "Iraq War", "s": "The 2003 to 2011 conflict that opened with a US-led invasion and removed Saddam Hussein from power.", "i": "https://codexery.com/military-conflicts-and-wars/img/military-conflicts-and-wars/iraq-war.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Iraq War · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/comparative-mythology/e/comparative-mythology/doves-as-symbols/": {"t": "Doves as symbols", "s": "Doves symbolize peace, love, and the divine across cultures."}, "https://codexery.com/publishers-and-media-moguls/e/publishers-and-media-moguls/william-randolph-hearst/": {"t": "William Randolph Hearst", "s": "The newspaper magnate who shaped yellow journalism and inspired Citizen Kane."}, "https://codexery.com/actors-from-the-golden-age-of-hollywood/e/actors-from-the-golden-age-of-hollywood/marion-davies/": {"t": "Marion Davies", "s": "Ziegfeld Follies star and Hearst protégée whose legacy was clouded by Citizen Kane.", "i": "https://codexery.com/actors-from-the-golden-age-of-hollywood/img/actors-from-the-golden-age-of-hollywood/marion-davies.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Marion Davies · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/clowning-physical-comedy/e/clowning-and-physical-comedy/w-c-fields/": {"t": "W. C. Fields", "s": "The Eccentric Juggler who became a comedy legend.", "i": "https://codexery.com/clowning-physical-comedy/img/clowning-and-physical-comedy/w-c-fields.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: W. C. Fields · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/spain/": {"t": "Spain", "s": "A country spanning the Iberian Peninsula, with a history from Roman Hispania to a modern constitutional monarchy."}, "https://codexery.com/performers-and-entertainers/e/performers-and-entertainers/bette-davis/": {"t": "Bette Davis", "s": "One of Hollywood's greatest actresses, known for her fierce intensity and iconic roles.", "i": "https://codexery.com/performers-and-entertainers/img/performers-and-entertainers/bette-davis.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Sammy Davis Jr. · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/islands/e/islands/tobago/": {"t": "Tobago", "s": "An island of resilient beauty and rich heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/golden-age-hollywood/e/golden-age-hollywood/james-cagney/": {"t": "James Cagney", "s": "American actor and dancer known for energetic performances."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/john-wayne/": {"t": "John Wayne", "s": "John Wayne: The iconic star of 179 film and television productions, from Stagecoach to True Grit."}, "https://codexery.com/philanthropists-and-socialites/e/philanthropists-and-socialites/du-pont-family/": {"t": "Du Pont family", "s": "Prominent American family founded in gunpowder, later chemicals and autos."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/madrid/": {"t": "Madrid", "s": "Capital of Spain, political, economic and cultural centre, and home to the Royal Palace and the Golden Triangle of Art."}, "https://codexery.com/persian-and-central-asian-poets/e/persian-and-central-asian-poets/bosley-crowther/": {"t": "Bosley Crowther", "s": "American film critic for The New York Times"}, "https://codexery.com/magazines/e/magazines/variety-magazine/": {"t": "Variety (magazine)", "s": "American trade magazine covering entertainment since 1905."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/james-brown/": {"t": "James Brown", "s": "The Godfather of Soul and pioneer of funk music."}, "https://codexery.com/film-history-milestones/e/film-history-and-milestones/documentary-film/": {"t": "Documentary film", "s": "Nonfiction film documenting reality for instruction or record."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/thomas-paine/": {"t": "Thomas Paine", "s": "The firebrand pamphleteer who ignited revolutions on both sides of the Atlantic."}, "https://codexery.com/modern-leading-men-women/e/modern-leading-men-and-women/philip-seymour-hoffman/": {"t": "Philip Seymour Hoffman", "s": "American actor acclaimed for nuanced roles in film and theater."}, "https://codexery.com/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-an/e/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-and-beyond/alexander-hamilton/": {"t": "Alexander Hamilton", "s": "", "i": "https://codexery.com/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-an/img/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-and-beyond/alexander-hamilton.webp", "c": "Wikimedia Commons · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/marquis-de-lafayette/": {"t": "Marquis de Lafayette", "s": "Hero of the Two Worlds: French aristocrat who fought for American independence and French liberty.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/leaders/marquis-de-lafayette.webp", "c": "Joseph-Désiré Court · via Wikipedia: Marquis de Lafayette · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/singer-songwriters/e/singer-songwriters/james-taylor/": {"t": "James Taylor", "s": "American singer-songwriter and guitarist known for introspective folk-rock."}, "https://codexery.com/post-bop-jazz-musicians/e/post-bop-jazz-musicians/wynton-marsalis/": {"t": "Wynton Marsalis", "s": "Trumpeter, composer, educator, and jazz advocate."}, "https://codexery.com/tall-tales/e/tall-tales/tall-tale/": {"t": "Tall tale", "s": "A story with unbelievable elements told as if true."}, "https://codexery.com/islands/e/islands/sumatra/": {"t": "Sumatra", "s": "Large Indonesian island with rich history and biodiversity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/islands/img/islands/sumatra.webp", "c": "Sadalmelik · via Wikipedia: Sumatra · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/english-channel/": {"t": "English Channel", "s": "The busiest shipping area in the world, separating Southern England from northern France."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/cape-town/": {"t": "Cape Town", "s": "Legislative capital of South Africa, oldest city, and gateway to the Cape Floristic Region."}, "https://codexery.com/superstitions/e/superstitions/feng-shui/": {"t": "Feng shui", "s": "Ancient Chinese practice of siting structures to harness cosmic energy."}, "https://codexery.com/european-religious-and-political-conflic/e/european-religious-and-political-conflicts/jacobitism/": {"t": "Jacobitism", "s": "A political movement seeking restoration of the exiled House of Stuart after the Glorious Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics-and-dynamics/e/classical-mechanics-and-dynamics/newton-s-laws-of-motion/": {"t": "Newton's laws of motion", "s": "Three laws describing motion and force relationships."}, "https://codexery.com/constitutional-law/e/constitutional-law/constitution-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "Constitution of the United States", "s": "Supreme law of the United States, oldest written national constitution in force."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/e/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/james-madison/": {"t": "James Madison", "s": "Founding Father, fourth president of the United States and \"Father of the Constitution\"", "i": "https://codexery.com/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/img/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/james-madison.webp", "c": "John Vanderlyn · via Wikipedia: James Madison · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/government-public-administration/e/government-and-public-administration/bicameralism/": {"t": "Bicameralism", "s": "A legislature divided into two separate assemblies or houses."}}