{"https://codexery.com/former-empires/e/former-empires/austrian-empire/": {"t": "Austrian Empire", "s": "A multinational great power formed from the Habsburg monarchy in 1804."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/prague/": {"t": "Prague", "s": "City of a Hundred Spires"}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-l/e/cities-starting-with-l/ljubljana/": {"t": "Ljubljana", "s": "Capital of Slovenia, with a dragon symbol and Roman origins."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/elizabeth-i/": {"t": "Elizabeth I", "s": "The Virgin Queen who presided over the Elizabethan era."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/yorkshire/": {"t": "Yorkshire", "s": "God's own country"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/culture/london/": {"t": "London", "s": "A global city on the Thames, London blends nearly 2,000 years of history with a vibrant, multicultural present."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/quakers/": {"t": "Quakers", "s": "A historically Protestant Christian movement emphasizing direct experience of God and peace.", "i": "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/img/religious-traditions/quakers.webp", "c": "Kenneth C. Zirkel · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/socio-political-concepts/e/socio-political-concepts/pacifism/": {"t": "Pacifism", "s": "Opposition to war or violence, coined in 1901."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/revolutions-and-conflicts/world-war-i/": {"t": "World War I", "s": "The First World War, a global conflict from 1914 to 1918, was fought between the Allied and Central Powers."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/esperanto/": {"t": "Esperanto", "s": "World's most widely spoken constructed auxiliary language."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/staffordshire/": {"t": "Staffordshire", "s": "The historic county of the Staffordshire Hoard and the Potteries"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/england/": {"t": "England", "s": "Land of the Angles, birthplace of football and the Industrial Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/phonetics/": {"t": "Phonetics", "s": "Study of speech sound articulation, acoustics, and perception."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/lancashire/": {"t": "Lancashire", "s": "A ceremonial county in North West England, bordered by Cumbria, North Yorkshire, West Yorkshire, Greater Manchester, Merseyside, and the Irish Sea."}, "https://codexery.com/protestant-reformers-pastors/e/protestant-reformers-and-pastors/john-wesley/": {"t": "John Wesley", "s": "English cleric and leader of the Methodist revival movement."}, "https://codexery.com/composers/e/great-composers/george-frideric-handel/": {"t": "George Frideric Handel", "s": "German-British Baroque composer known for operas, oratorios, and anthems.", "i": "https://codexery.com/composers/img/great-composers/george-frideric-handel.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: George Frideric Handel · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/european-religious-and-political-conflic/e/european-religious-and-political-conflicts/jacobitism/": {"t": "Jacobitism", "s": "A political movement seeking restoration of the exiled House of Stuart after the Glorious Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/electrical-systems/e/electrical-systems/electric-generator/": {"t": "Electric generator", "s": "Converts mechanical energy to electrical energy for external circuits."}, "https://codexery.com/amateur-radio/e/amateur-radio/morse-code/": {"t": "Morse code", "s": "A method of encoding text using dots and dashes."}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-athletics/e/sports-and-athletics/gymnastics/": {"t": "Gymnastics", "s": "The governing body for competition in gymnastics throughout the world is World Gymnastics, formerly known as the International Gymnastics Federation or FIG."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors-and-engineers/e/inventors-and-engineers/werner-von-siemens/": {"t": "Werner von Siemens", "s": "German engineer who founded Siemens and pioneered electric transport.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inventors-and-engineers/img/inventors-and-engineers/werner-von-siemens.webp", "c": "Adolf von Hildebrand · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/thermodynamics-and-statistical-mechanics/e/thermodynamics-and-statistical-mechanics/temperature/": {"t": "Temperature", "s": "Temperature measures average particle kinetic energy and thermal energy distribution."}, "https://codexery.com/universities/e/universities/mcgill-university/": {"t": "McGill University", "s": "English-language public research university in Montreal, founded 1821."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-and-urban-areas/e/cities-and-urban-areas/montreal/": {"t": "Montreal", "s": "Montreal (French: Montréal) sits as Quebec’s biggest city, Canada’s second-largest, and North America’s eighth-largest."}, "https://codexery.com/chemical-analysis-and-spectroscopy/e/chemical-analysis-and-spectroscopy/calorimetry/": {"t": "Calorimetry", "s": "Science of measuring heat transfer in chemical and physical changes."}, "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics/e/classical-mechanics/pressure/": {"t": "Pressure", "s": "Pressure is force per unit area, a scalar quantity."}, "https://codexery.com/thermodynamics-and-statistical-mechanics/e/thermodynamics-and-statistical-mechanics/heat-capacity/": {"t": "Heat capacity", "s": "Heat capacity measures heat needed to change an object's temperature."}, "https://codexery.com/particle-and-nuclear-physics/e/particle-and-nuclear-physics/nuclear-physics/": {"t": "Nuclear physics", "s": "Study of atomic nuclei and their interactions."}, "https://codexery.com/science-measurement/e/science-and-measurement/radiography/": {"t": "Radiography", "s": "Imaging the unseen with X-rays and radiation."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/new-york-city/": {"t": "New York City", "s": "The most populous city in the United States, a global center of finance, culture, and diplomacy."}, "https://codexery.com/protestant-reformers-pastors/e/protestant-reformers-and-pastors/henry-ward-beecher/": {"t": "Henry Ward Beecher", "s": "American clergyman and abolitionist known for his adultery trial.", "i": "https://codexery.com/protestant-reformers-pastors/img/protestant-reformers-and-pastors/henry-ward-beecher.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Lyman Beecher · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/musicologists-and-composers/e/musicologists-and-composers/fran-ois-joseph-f-tis/": {"t": "François-Joseph Fétis", "s": "Belgian musicologist, critic, teacher, and composer of lasting influence.", "i": "https://codexery.com/musicologists-and-composers/img/musicologists-and-composers/fran-ois-joseph-f-tis.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: François-Joseph Fétis · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/english-language/": {"t": "English language", "s": "A West Germanic language that became the world's lingua franca."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/wiltshire/": {"t": "Wiltshire", "s": "Chalk downlands, ancient stone circles, and the land of the Moonrakers."}, "https://codexery.com/theology-and-religious-concepts/e/theology-and-religious-concepts/lord-s-prayer/": {"t": "Lord's Prayer", "s": "Central Christian prayer attributed to Jesus, with two gospel versions."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/modern-metropolis/toronto/": {"t": "Toronto", "s": "Canada's largest city and a global hub of multiculturalism, finance, and culture."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/tokyo/": {"t": "Tokyo", "s": "The capital of Japan, a global hub of economy, culture, and innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/visual-arts-and-crafts/e/visual-arts-and-crafts/stained-glass/": {"t": "Stained glass", "s": "Coloured glass used in windows and decorative art."}, "https://codexery.com/food-cooking/e/food-and-cooking/vegetarianism/": {"t": "Vegetarianism", "s": "Abstention from meat, rooted in ethics, health, and religion."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/second-world-war/": {"t": "Second World War", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Axis, deadliest in history."}, "/e/creators-of-shorthand-systems/john-byrom/": {"t": "John Byrom", "s": "Inventor of a revolutionary shorthand and poet of a famous carol."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/norfolk/": {"t": "Norfolk", "s": "A ceremonial county in East Anglia, known for its rural landscapes, medieval churches, and the Broads."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/revolutions-and-uprisings/english-civil-war/": {"t": "English Civil War", "s": "King versus Parliament: a revolution that beheaded a monarchy.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/img/revolutions-and-uprisings/english-civil-war.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: English Civil War · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/samuel-pepys/": {"t": "Samuel Pepys", "s": "English diarist and naval administrator of the Stuart Restoration", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/leaders/samuel-pepys.webp", "c": "John Hayls · via Wikipedia: Samuel Pepys · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/isaac-newton/": {"t": "Isaac Newton", "s": "English polymath who formulated laws of motion and universal gravitation."}, "https://codexery.com/mathematics-and-cryptography/e/mathematics-and-cryptography/thomas-bayes/": {"t": "Thomas Bayes", "s": "English statistician and minister known for Bayes' theorem."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/germanic-languages/": {"t": "Germanic languages", "s": "Branch of Indo-European including English, German, Dutch, and Scandinavian languages."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/old-english/": {"t": "Old English", "s": "Earliest attested form of the English language."}, "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/e/universities-and-colleges/heidelberg-university/": {"t": "Heidelberg University", "s": "Germany's oldest university, founded in 1386.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/img/universities-and-colleges/heidelberg-university.webp", "c": "Max Adamo · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/education-schools/e/education-and-schools/scholarship/": {"t": "Scholarship", "s": "Financial aid awarded for education based on various criteria."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/german-language/": {"t": "German language", "s": "German, known natively as Deutsch (pronounced [dɔɪ̯tʃ]), belongs to the West Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family and is spoken primarily across"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/alfred-the-great/": {"t": "Alfred the Great", "s": "King of the West Saxons and Anglo-Saxons; defeated Vikings and reformed England."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/george-bernard-shaw/": {"t": "George Bernard Shaw", "s": "Irish playwright and critic who reshaped modern drama."}, "https://codexery.com/actors-from-the-golden-age-of-hollywood/e/actors-from-the-golden-age-of-hollywood/leslie-howard/": {"t": "Leslie Howard", "s": "English actor, director, producer, and writer; one of the biggest box-office draws of the 1930s.", "i": "https://codexery.com/actors-from-the-golden-age-of-hollywood/img/actors-from-the-golden-age-of-hollywood/leslie-howard.webp", "c": "Selznick International Pictures; Fred Parrish, photographer · via Wikipedia: Leslie Howard · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/theatre-and-performance/e/theatre-and-performance/my-fair-lady/": {"t": "My Fair Lady", "s": "A musical of transformation and wit, based on Shaw's Pygmalion."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/cicero/": {"t": "Cicero", "s": "Roman statesman, orator, and philosopher who shaped Latin rhetoric and thought."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/pompey/": {"t": "Pompey", "s": "Roman general and statesman, rival of Julius Caesar", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/leaders/pompey.webp", "c": "Didier Descouens · via Wikipedia: Pompey · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/marriage-and-kinship/e/marriage-and-kinship/dowry/": {"t": "Dowry", "s": "A marriage payment from the bride's family to the groom's family.", "i": "https://codexery.com/marriage-and-kinship/img/marriage-and-kinship/dowry.webp", "c": "Wikimedia Commons · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/plutarch/": {"t": "Plutarch", "s": "Greek and Roman philosopher, historian, and priest of Apollo"}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-m/e/cities-starting-with-m/mandalay/": {"t": "Mandalay", "s": "Final royal capital of Burma, now Upper Myanmar's cultural hub."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/yangon/": {"t": "Yangon", "s": "Myanmar's largest city and commercial heart, with a rich colonial heritage and sacred pagodas."}}