Great Composers Codexery

Joseph Haydn

Father of the Symphony and String Quartet

Last updated

Joseph Haydn

via Wikipedia: Joseph Haydn · see source

Harold C. Schonberg writes that Haydn "was the Classic performer par excellence" who shaped new musical ideas over his long life.[1]

Life and work

Haydn was born in Rohrau, Austria, to Mathias Haydn, a wheelwright and marketplace supervisor, and Maria, née Koller, who had worked as a cook.[2][3] As a choirboy at St. Stephen's, Haydn learned by serving as a professional musician, though his teacher Reutter gave him only two lessons in composition.[4] He worked as a valet-accompanist for Nicola Porpora, from whom he learned "the true fundamentals of composition".[5] He served as Kapellmeister for the Esterházy family, producing a flood of compositions and developing his musical style.[6]

Haydn died on 31 May 1809.[7] Mathias Haydn, though unable to read music, was a self-taught harp player and an enthusiastic folk musician.[3] Following his voice change, Haydn was forced to leave the Kapellhaus and was given shelter for a few months by Johann Michael Spangler, who let him share his garret room.[8][9] In 1790, after Prince Nikolaus died, Haydn accepted a proposal from Johann Peter Salomon to travel to England and conduct new symphonies.[10][11]

During the summer of 1791, Haydn spent a six-week holiday in Hertford, staying with a banker's family at Roxford in August and early September.[12]

What the cited sources add

Michael Lorenz's 2014 study corrects the marriage record, showing Haydn married Maria Anna Keller on 26 November 1760.[13] Lorenz notes that previous transcriptions of the marriage entry contained inaccuracies that entered the Haydn literature.[13] During that country stay, Haydn wrote to Maria Anna von Genzinger that he lived "as if I were in a monastery".[12]

References

  1. Wikipedia, "Joseph Haydn" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Schonberg 1997, p. 83 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  2. Wikipedia, "Joseph Haydn" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Brenet, "Haydn", New York: B. Blom, 1972 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  3. Wikipedia, "Joseph Haydn" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: {{harvnb|Dies|1810|loc=(in the English translation from ).}} (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  4. Wikipedia, "Joseph Haydn" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: . A third brother, Johann Evangelist Haydn, also pursued a musical career as a tenor but achieved no distinction and was for some time supported by Joseph.; Finscher 2000, p. 12; Griesinger 1968, p. 9; Landon Jones 1988, p. 27 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  5. Wikipedia, "Joseph Haydn" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Larsen 1980, p. 8; Rita Steblin, "Haydns Orgeldienste 'in der damaligen Gräfl. Haugwitzischen Kapelle , in: Wiener Geschichtsblätter 65/2000, pp. 124–134. (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  6. Wikipedia, "Joseph Haydn" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Tommasini 2018, p. 98 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  7. Wikipedia, "Joseph Haydn" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Smallman, "The Piano Trio: Its History, Technique, and Repertoire", Oxford University Press, 1992, p. 16–19; Rosen 1997, p. 43–54; Webster Feder 2001; Schonberg 1997, p. 83 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  8. Wikipedia, "Joseph Haydn" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Geiringer 1982, p. 27; "Spangler (eig. Spängler), Familie", 13 September 2018 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  9. "Spangler (eig. Spängler), Familie", 13 September 2018. facts only, no text reused. musiklexikon.ac.at
  10. Wikipedia, "Joseph Haydn" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Jones 2009a, p. 7 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  11. Wikipedia, "Joseph Haydn" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Geiringer 1982, p. 27 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  12. "Hertfordshire's Haydn Connection", Hertfordshire Festival of Music. facts only, no text reused. hertsmusicfest.org.uk
  13. Michael Lorenz, "Joseph Haydn's Real Wife" (Vienna 2014). As Lorenz notes, the identity of Haydn's wife was mistaken for most of the history of Haydn scholarshi. facts only, no text reused. michaelorenz.blogspot.co.at

Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Joseph Haydn (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.

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Named in this entry

Chamber musicMusical formSymphonyOratorioThe Creation (Haydn)The ViolinLatinCaning

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Sources

Compiled from Wikipedia and the sources listed below. Text from Wikipedia is available under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is adapted from it.

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