{"https://codexery.com/publishers-and-media-moguls/e/publishers-and-media-moguls/anna-wintour/": {"t": "Anna Wintour", "s": "The most powerful woman in publishing, shaping fashion from Vogue's helm."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/mass-media/": {"t": "Mass media", "s": "The definitive guide to mass media: history, classification, and influence.", "i": "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/img/media-and-publishing/mass-media.webp", "c": "huangdan2060 · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/philanthropists-and-socialites/e/philanthropists-and-socialites/cond-nast-businessman/": {"t": "Condé Nast (businessman)", "s": "Founder of Condé Nast, publisher of Vogue and Vanity Fair."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/vogue-magazine/": {"t": "Vogue (magazine)", "s": "A monthly fashion magazine covering style, culture, and runway."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/glamour-magazine/": {"t": "Glamour (magazine)", "s": "for the girl with the job"}, "https://codexery.com/magazines/e/magazines/vanity-fair-magazine/": {"t": "Vanity Fair (magazine)", "s": "American monthly magazine of popular culture, fashion, and current affairs."}, "https://codexery.com/performing-arts-crafts/e/performing-arts-and-crafts/haute-couture/": {"t": "Haute couture", "s": "The pinnacle of custom-fitted, high-end fashion design, originating in Paris."}, "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/e/manufacturing-and-materials/printing-press/": {"t": "Printing press", "s": "Machine that transfers ink onto materials by applying pressure."}, "https://codexery.com/photographers/e/photographers/edward-steichen/": {"t": "Edward Steichen", "s": "Pioneer of fashion photography and MoMA's photography director.", "i": "https://codexery.com/photographers/img/photographers/edward-steichen.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Edward Steichen · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/internet-culture-and-platforms/e/internet-culture-and-platforms/reddit/": {"t": "Reddit", "s": "A social news platform where communities vote on content."}, "https://codexery.com/computing-digital/e/computing-and-digital/android-operating-system/": {"t": "Android (operating system)", "s": "The world's most widely used operating system, powering billions of devices."}, "https://codexery.com/internet-culture-and-platforms/e/internet-culture-and-platforms/influencer/": {"t": "Influencer", "s": "A person who alters others' attitudes, behavior, or decisions."}, "https://codexery.com/labor-employment/e/labor-and-employment/strike-action/": {"t": "Strike action", "s": "A form of direct action in which employees collectively refuse to work, usually in response to grievances."}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/gulf-of-mexico/": {"t": "Gulf of Mexico", "s": "Marginal sea of the Atlantic, bordered by the U.S., Mexico, and Cuba.", "i": "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/img/seas-and-oceans/gulf-of-mexico.webp", "c": "NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. · via Wikipedia: Gulf of Mexico · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/energy-power/e/energy-and-power/petroleum/": {"t": "Petroleum", "s": "A fossil fuel central to modern industry and climate change."}, "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/e/corporations-and-conglomerates/standard-oil/": {"t": "Standard Oil", "s": "Corporate trust that dominated the American oil industry."}, "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/e/international-law-and-diplomacy/supreme-court-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "Supreme Court of the United States", "s": "Highest federal court with ultimate appellate and original jurisdiction.", "i": "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/img/international-law-and-diplomacy/supreme-court-of-the-united-states.webp", "c": "Original:  Optimager Vector:  Ipankonin · via Wikipedia: Supreme Court of the United States · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/transportation/e/transportation/kerosene/": {"t": "Kerosene", "s": "Combustible hydrocarbon liquid derived from petroleum, used as fuel."}, "https://codexery.com/energy-power/e/energy-and-power/candle/": {"t": "Candle", "s": "Ancient source of light, now used for symbolism and ambiance."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/caspian-sea/": {"t": "Caspian Sea", "s": "The world's largest inland body of water, a brackish sea between Europe and Asia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/caspian-sea.webp", "c": "NASA · Public domain"}, "/e/companies-and-conglomerates/delta-air-lines/": {"t": "Delta Air Lines", "s": "Major U.S.", "i": "https://codexery.com/companies-and-conglomerates/img/companies-and-conglomerates/delta-air-lines.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Korean Air · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/ecuador/": {"t": "Ecuador", "s": "A megadiverse nation straddling the equator, from the Andes to the Galápagos."}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/norwegian-sea/": {"t": "Norwegian Sea", "s": "Marginal sea northwest of Norway, ice-free year-round."}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/north-sea/": {"t": "North Sea", "s": "A shallow European shelf sea, rich in history, fisheries, and energy resources."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/north-africa/": {"t": "North Africa", "s": "A region of diverse definitions, ancient civilizations, and deep cultural ties to the Arab world and the Mediterranean."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/north-dakota/": {"t": "North Dakota", "s": "Landlocked Great Plains state with a state-run bank."}, "https://codexery.com/economics-and-business/e/economics-and-business/retail/": {"t": "Retail", "s": "The final link in the supply chain from producers to consumers."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/explorers/howard-hughes/": {"t": "Howard Hughes", "s": "Aviator, filmmaker, and business magnate who shaped aviation and Hollywood.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/explorers/howard-hughes.webp", "c": "Acme Newspictures · via Wikipedia: Howard Hughes · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cities-and-urban-areas/e/cities-and-urban-areas/montreal/": {"t": "Montreal", "s": "Montreal (French: Montréal) sits as Quebec’s biggest city, Canada’s second-largest, and North America’s eighth-largest."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/mexico-city/": {"t": "Mexico City", "s": "La Ciudad de los Palacios"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/spain/": {"t": "Spain", "s": "A country spanning the Iberian Peninsula, with a history from Roman Hispania to a modern constitutional monarchy."}, "https://codexery.com/us-cities/e/us-cities/spokane-washington/": {"t": "Spokane, Washington", "s": "Economic and cultural hub of the Inland Northwest.", "i": "https://codexery.com/us-cities/img/us-cities/spokane-washington.webp", "c": "Unknown author · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/e/corporations-and-conglomerates/walmart/": {"t": "Walmart", "s": "Save money. Live better.", "i": "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/img/corporations-and-conglomerates/walmart.webp", "c": "Dinkun Chen · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/shanghai/": {"t": "Shanghai", "s": "China's most populous city and a global hub for finance and innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/auckland/": {"t": "Auckland", "s": "New Zealand's largest city and leading economic centre."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/new-york-city/": {"t": "New York City", "s": "The most populous city in the United States, a global center of finance, culture, and diplomacy."}, "https://codexery.com/streetfood/e/street-food/poutine/": {"t": "Poutine", "s": "A Quebec dish of fries, cheese curds, and gravy."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/seoul/": {"t": "Seoul", "s": "The dynamic capital of South Korea, blending ancient history with cutting-edge modernity."}, "https://codexery.com/society-and-culture/e/society-and-culture/public-relations/": {"t": "Public relations", "s": "Managing information to shape public perception and build relationships."}, "https://codexery.com/economics-and-business/e/economics-and-business/real-estate/": {"t": "Real estate", "s": "Land and buildings as immovable property under ownership.", "i": "https://codexery.com/economics-and-business/img/economics-and-business/real-estate.webp", "c": "Yates & Jones, draftsmen, George Street, Brisbane · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/chicken-as-food/": {"t": "Chicken as food", "s": "The most common poultry and second most consumed meat worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/nebraska/": {"t": "Nebraska", "s": "Landlocked Midwestern state with a unicameral legislature and flat-water name."}, "https://codexery.com/recipes/e/classic-dishes/sushi/": {"t": "Sushi", "s": "Traditional Japanese dish of vinegared rice with various ingredients.", "i": "https://codexery.com/recipes/img/classic-dishes/sushi.webp", "c": "chidorian from Japan · via Wikipedia: Sushi · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/oregon/": {"t": "Oregon", "s": "33rd state, known for Crater Lake and Mount Hood."}, "https://codexery.com/corporate-giants/e/corporate-giants/starbucks/": {"t": "Starbucks", "s": "Starbucks Corporation, an American multinational chain of coffeehouses and roastery reserves, is based in Seattle, Washington."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/explorers/michael-dell/": {"t": "Michael Dell", "s": "Founder, chairman, and CEO of Dell Technologies; pioneer of direct-to-consumer PC sales.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/explorers/michael-dell.webp", "c": "Village Global · via Wikipedia: Michael Dell · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/pc-gaming-brands-and-manufacturers/e/pc-gaming-brands-and-manufacturers/dell/": {"t": "DELL", "s": "American multinational formed by the 2016 Dell-EMC merger."}, "https://codexery.com/computing-software/e/computing-and-software/personal-computer/": {"t": "Personal computer", "s": "The definitive guide to personal computers, from early microcomputers to modern Wintel dominance."}, "https://codexery.com/computing-digital/e/computing-and-digital/data-storage/": {"t": "Data storage", "s": "Recording information in physical media for retrieval."}, "https://codexery.com/computer-peripherals/e/computer-peripherals/peripheral/": {"t": "Peripheral", "s": "Auxiliary hardware device that transfers information to or from a computer.", "i": "https://codexery.com/computer-peripherals/img/computer-peripherals/peripheral.webp", "c": "DataBase Center for Life Science (DBCLS) · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts/e/economic-concepts/e-commerce/": {"t": "E-commerce", "s": "The largest segment of the electronics industry, driven by semiconductor advances.", "i": "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts/img/economic-concepts/e-commerce.webp", "c": "Manager27 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/finance-and-investment/e/finance-and-investment/public-company/": {"t": "Public company", "s": "A company whose shares trade freely on public markets."}, "https://codexery.com/pc-gaming-brands-and-manufacturers/e/pc-gaming-brands-and-manufacturers/lenovo/": {"t": "Lenovo", "s": "Hong Kong–based Chinese multinational and world's largest PC vendor."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/fortune-magazine/": {"t": "Fortune (magazine)", "s": "The Ideal Super-Class Magazine"}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/the-wall-street-journal/": {"t": "The Wall Street Journal", "s": "American business newspaper, newspaper of record, center-right editorial page."}, "https://codexery.com/computer-mice-and-monitors/e/computer-mice-and-monitors/compaq-171fs/": {"t": "Compaq 171FS", "s": "A 17-inch CRT monitor from the leading PC supplier of the 1990s."}, "https://codexery.com/automotive-industry/e/automotive-industry/general-motors/": {"t": "General Motors", "s": "American-owned automaker operating in Canada since 1918.", "i": "https://codexery.com/automotive-industry/img/automotive-industry/general-motors.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Automotive industry in Canada · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/north-carolina/": {"t": "North Carolina", "s": "State of the first flight and first call for independence."}, "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/e/corporations-and-conglomerates/sony/": {"t": "Sony", "s": "Japanese conglomerate known for electronics and entertainment.", "i": "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/img/corporations-and-conglomerates/sony.webp", "c": "Akonnchiroll · via Wikipedia: Sony · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/ottawa/": {"t": "Ottawa", "s": "Canada's capital at the confluence of the Ottawa and Rideau Rivers."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/reuters/": {"t": "Reuters", "s": "One of the largest news agencies in the world."}, "https://codexery.com/corporations/e/corporations/microsoft/": {"t": "Microsoft", "s": "The largest software company by revenue and one of the most valuable brands globally.", "i": "https://codexery.com/corporations/img/corporations/microsoft.webp", "c": "3aFW · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/explorers/carl-icahn/": {"t": "Carl Icahn", "s": "American businessman and investor, founder of Icahn Enterprises, known as a pioneer of activist investing.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/explorers/carl-icahn.webp", "c": "AviateHistory · via Wikipedia: Carl Icahn · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/pc-gaming-brands-and-manufacturers/e/pc-gaming-brands-and-manufacturers/intel/": {"t": "Intel", "s": "A key architect of the personal computer revolution."}, "/e/companies-and-conglomerates/ernst-young/": {"t": "Ernst & Young", "s": "One of the Big Four professional services networks."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/culture/london/": {"t": "London", "s": "A global city on the Thames, London blends nearly 2,000 years of history with a vibrant, multicultural present."}, "https://codexery.com/corporations/e/corporations/pwc/": {"t": "PwC", "s": "Second-largest professional services network and Big Four accounting firm."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/buenos-aires/": {"t": "Buenos Aires", "s": "The Autonomous City of Buenos Aires: a multicultural capital with eclectic European architecture."}, "https://codexery.com/cold-war-conflicts/e/cold-war-conflicts/russo-ukrainian-war/": {"t": "Russo-Ukrainian war", "s": "The Russo-Ukrainian war is an ongoing conflict that began in February 2014."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/northern-ireland/": {"t": "Northern Ireland", "s": "The main public broadcaster in Northern Ireland, part of the BBC national regions."}, "https://codexery.com/pc-gaming-brands-and-manufacturers/e/pc-gaming-brands-and-manufacturers/nvidia/": {"t": "NVIDIA", "s": "Pioneer of GPUs for gaming, AI, and supercomputing."}, "https://codexery.com/banking-and-finance/e/banking-and-finance/bankruptcy/": {"t": "Bankruptcy", "s": "Legal process for debt relief from creditors."}, "https://codexery.com/law-enforcement-legal-procedures/e/law-enforcement-and-legal-procedures/settlement-litigation/": {"t": "Settlement (litigation)", "s": "A contract-based resolution of legal disputes without trial."}, "https://codexery.com/pakistani-cuisine/e/pakistani-cuisine/dal/": {"t": "Dal", "s": "Dried split pulses central to South Asian cuisine."}, "https://codexery.com/american-state-capitals/e/american-state-capitals/jackson-mississippi/": {"t": "Jackson, Mississippi", "s": "Capital and most populous city of Mississippi, on the Pearl River.", "i": "https://codexery.com/american-state-capitals/img/american-state-capitals/jackson-mississippi.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Jackson, Mississippi · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/transportation/e/transportation/freight-transport/": {"t": "Freight transport", "s": "Physical process of transporting commercial goods and cargo."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/miami/": {"t": "Miami", "s": "Gateway to Latin America"}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/latin-america/": {"t": "Latin America", "s": "The cultural region of the Americas where Romance languages are predominantly spoken.", "i": "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/img/countries-and-regions/latin-america.webp", "c": "Henrykez · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/americas/": {"t": "Americas", "s": "The New World landmass spanning from Arctic tundra to tropical rainforests.", "i": "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/img/regions-and-cultural-spheres/americas.webp", "c": "GrandEscogriffe · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/oceania/": {"t": "Oceania", "s": "The smallest continent, spanning the Pacific's vast ocean."}, "https://codexery.com/airliners/e/airliners/airbus-a350/": {"t": "Airbus A350", "s": "Long-range twin-engine airliner with composite fuselage and XWB design."}, "https://codexery.com/airliners/e/airliners/boeing-777/": {"t": "Boeing 777", "s": "The world's largest twinjet and most-built wide-body airliner.", "i": "https://codexery.com/airliners/img/airliners/boeing-777.webp", "c": "Lewisair · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/screen-legends/e/screen-legends/angelina-jolie/": {"t": "Angelina Jolie", "s": "Academy Award-winning actress, filmmaker, and humanitarian."}, "https://codexery.com/computing-software/e/computing-and-software/microsoft-windows/": {"t": "Microsoft Windows", "s": "Proprietary operating system by Microsoft, dominant on desktops since the 1990s."}, "https://codexery.com/finance-and-investment/e/finance-and-investment/financial-services/": {"t": "Financial services", "s": "Economic services tied to finance provided by financial institutions."}, "https://codexery.com/banking-and-finance/e/banking-and-finance/investment-banking/": {"t": "Investment banking", "s": "Advisory-based financial service for corporations and institutions."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/berlin/": {"t": "Berlin", "s": "The heart of Europe, a city of culture and history."}, "https://codexery.com/criminals-outlaws/e/criminals-and-outlaws/jeffrey-epstein/": {"t": "Jeffrey Epstein", "s": "Financier convicted of sex crimes; died in custody."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors-and-engineers/e/inventors-and-engineers/werner-von-siemens/": {"t": "Werner von Siemens", "s": "German engineer who founded Siemens and pioneered electric transport.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inventors-and-engineers/img/inventors-and-engineers/werner-von-siemens.webp", "c": "Adolf von Hildebrand · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/bremen/": {"t": "Bremen", "s": "A historic Hanseatic port city and cultural hub of Northern Germany."}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/hamburg/": {"t": "Hamburg", "s": "Second-largest German city and major Hanseatic port."}, "https://codexery.com/firearm-manufacturers/e/firearm-manufacturers/krupp/": {"t": "Krupp", "s": "Europe's largest company and Germany's chief arms maker in two world wars."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/wroc-aw/": {"t": "Wrocław", "s": "Historical capital of Silesia on the Oder River."}, "https://codexery.com/plateaus-and-plains/e/plateaus-and-plains/rhineland/": {"t": "Rhineland", "s": "Loosely defined German region along the Rhine, industrial heartland."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/brussels/": {"t": "Brussels", "s": "The capital of Belgium and de facto capital of the European Union."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/revolutions-and-conflicts/world-war-i/": {"t": "World War I", "s": "The First World War, a global conflict from 1914 to 1918, was fought between the Allied and Central Powers."}, "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/e/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/anschluss/": {"t": "Anschluss", "s": "Annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany on 12 March 1938.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/img/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/anschluss.webp", "c": "Unknown author · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/austria/": {"t": "Austria", "s": "A landlocked Central European nation with a rich imperial history and a modern neutral democracy."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/second-world-war/": {"t": "Second World War", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Axis, deadliest in history."}, "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/e/corporations-and-conglomerates/ubs/": {"t": "UBS", "s": "Swiss multinational investment bank and world's largest private wealth manager.", "i": "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/img/corporations-and-conglomerates/ubs.webp", "c": "JaierRT · via Wikipedia: UBS · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/historical-events-and-places/september-11-attacks/": {"t": "September 11 attacks", "s": "Coordinated al-Qaeda suicide hijackings killed nearly 3,000 people."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/the-new-york-times/": {"t": "The New York Times", "s": "The Gray Lady, a U.S."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/financial-times/": {"t": "Financial Times", "s": "We Live in Financial Times"}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-germany/e/world-heritage-sites-in-germany/goslar/": {"t": "Goslar", "s": "Historic town in Lower Saxony, UNESCO site, former Imperial residence."}, "https://codexery.com/discovery-and-invention-controversies/e/discovery-and-invention-controversies/emile-berliner/": {"t": "Emile Berliner", "s": "Inventor of the gramophone record and early helicopter pioneer."}, "https://codexery.com/companies-and-brands/e/companies-and-brands/philips/": {"t": "Philips", "s": "Dutch health technology firm, former electronics and lighting giant."}, "https://codexery.com/german-record-labels/e/german-record-labels/archiv-produktion/": {"t": "Archiv Produktion", "s": "A classical music record label of German origin, specializing in Early and Baroque music with a focus on historically informed performance.", "i": "https://codexery.com/german-record-labels/img/german-record-labels/archiv-produktion.webp", "c": "Unknown author · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/composers-musicians/e/composers-and-musicians/leonard-bernstein/": {"t": "Leonard Bernstein", "s": "First American-born conductor to receive international 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War proxy war ending in communist victory across Indochina."}, "https://codexery.com/british-empire/e/british-empire/malayan-emergency/": {"t": "Malayan Emergency", "s": "A guerrilla war for Malayan independence and communist statehood.", "i": "https://codexery.com/british-empire/img/british-empire/malayan-emergency.webp", "c": "Australian Government · via Wikipedia: Malayan Emergency · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/indian-states/e/indian-states/madhya-pradesh/": {"t": "Madhya Pradesh", "s": "The central province of India, rich in history and minerals."}, "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/e/governments-and-political-systems/government-of-india/": {"t": "Government of India", "s": "National authority of the Republic of India, established by the Constitution.", "i": "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/img/governments-and-political-systems/government-of-india.webp", "c": "Trikkiboy · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/banking-and-finance/e/banking-and-finance/goldman-sachs/": {"t": "Goldman Sachs", "s": "American multinational investment bank founded in 1869."}, "https://codexery.com/polymers-and-macromolecules/e/polymers-and-macromolecules/polyurethane/": {"t": "Polyurethane", "s": "A versatile class of polymers with wide-ranging applications."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/explorers/leuth-re-ir-n-e-du-pont/": {"t": "Éleuthère Irénée du Pont", "s": "Founder of E. 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secession."}, "https://codexery.com/chemical-substances-and-materials/e/chemical-substances-and-materials/nitrocellulose/": {"t": "Nitrocellulose", "s": "Highly flammable compound used in explosives, photography, and lacquers.", "i": "https://codexery.com/chemical-substances-and-materials/img/chemical-substances-and-materials/nitrocellulose.webp", "c": "Aleksander Sobolewski · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/e/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/cellulose/": {"t": "Cellulose", "s": "The most abundant organic polymer on Earth, essential for plant cell walls and industrial products."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors-and-engineers/e/inventors-and-engineers/wallace-carothers/": {"t": "Wallace Carothers", "s": "American chemist who invented nylon and advanced polymer science."}, "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/e/manufacturing-and-materials/polyester/": {"t": "Polyester", "s": "A versatile polymer family used in textiles, bottles, and 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"https://codexery.com/chemical-substances-and-materials/img/chemical-substances-and-materials/ozone.webp", "c": "Mdemyer · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/injuries-and-conditions/e/injuries-and-conditions/testicular-cancer/": {"t": "Testicular cancer", "s": "Cancer of the testicles, highly treatable and usually curable.", "i": "https://codexery.com/injuries-and-conditions/img/injuries-and-conditions/testicular-cancer.webp", "c": "Małgorzata Figura · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/inflammatory-diseases-of-the-digestive-s/e/inflammatory-diseases-of-the-digestive-system/ulcerative-colitis/": {"t": "Ulcerative colitis", "s": "Chronic inflammatory bowel disease affecting the colon and rectum."}, "https://codexery.com/us-cities/e/us-cities/san-jose-california/": {"t": "San Jose, California", "s": "Capital of Silicon Valley", "i": "https://codexery.com/us-cities/img/us-cities/san-jose-california.webp", "c": "Don DeBold from San Jose, CA, USA · CC BY 2.0"}, 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"https://codexery.com/airliners/e/airliners/airbus-a380/": {"t": "Airbus A380", "s": "The world's largest passenger airliner and the only full-length double-deck jet airliner.", "i": "https://codexery.com/airliners/img/airliners/airbus-a380.webp", "c": "GT1976 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-europe/e/rivers-of-europe/river-thames/": {"t": "River Thames", "s": "Longest river entirely in England, flowing through London."}, "https://codexery.com/olympique-marseille/e/organizations/hamburger-sv/": {"t": "Hamburger SV", "s": "German sports club with six national championships and a European Cup."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/writers/pen-lope-cruz/": {"t": "Penélope Cruz", "s": "Spanish actress and Academy Award winner."}, "https://codexery.com/capital-cities-of-africa/e/capital-cities-of-africa/antananarivo/": {"t": "Antananarivo", "s": "Antananarivo, often shortened to Tana, is the capital and largest city of Madagascar."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/europe/": {"t": "Europe", "s": "Second-smallest continent, birthplace of Western civilisation and European Union."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/shenzhen/": {"t": "Shenzhen", "s": "Shenzhen: A premier global metropolis and technology hub on the Pearl River estuary."}, "https://codexery.com/airliners/e/airliners/boeing-787-dreamliner/": {"t": "Boeing 787 Dreamliner", "s": "American wide-body airliner with composite airframe and improved efficiency.", "i": "https://codexery.com/airliners/img/airliners/boeing-787-dreamliner.webp", "c": "Adam Moreira (AEMoreira042281) · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/adelaide/": {"t": "Adelaide", "s": "Capital of South Australia, founded as a free colony.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/img/cities-of-the-world/adelaide.webp", "c": "Photograph by Doug Barber · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/automotive-industry/e/automotive-industry/mercedes-benz/": {"t": "Mercedes-Benz", "s": "Mercedes-Benz AG, a subsidiary of the Mercedes-Benz Group established in 2019, is based in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, and manufactures luxury vehicl"}, "https://codexery.com/aircraft-components/e/aircraft-components/recaro/": {"t": "Recaro", "s": "German seating manufacturer with roots in automotive bodywork."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/telecommunications/": {"t": "Telecommunications", "s": "Transmission of information over distance by electrical or electronic means."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/stockholm/": {"t": "Stockholm", "s": "The capital of Sweden, spanning fourteen islands where Lake Mälaren meets the Baltic Sea."}, "https://codexery.com/dutch-inventions/e/dutch-inventions/bluetooth/": {"t": "Bluetooth", "s": "Short-range wireless standard uniting devices via radio waves."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-modulation-modes/e/radio-modulation-modes/4g/": {"t": "4G", "s": "All-IP packet-switched cellular generation with gigabit-speed capability."}, "https://codexery.com/wealthy-misfortunes/e/wealthy-misfortunes/ivar-kreuger/": {"t": "Ivar Kreuger", "s": "Swedish 'Match King' who built a global empire that collapsed."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/telegraphy/": {"t": "Telegraphy", "s": "Long-distance symbolic message transmission, from optical to electrical systems."}, "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/e/manufacturing-and-materials/mass-production/": {"t": "Mass production", "s": "The production of substantial amounts of standardized products in a constant flow."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/revolutions-and-conflicts/russian-revolution/": {"t": "Russian Revolution", "s": "A period of revolution and civil war that ended monarchy and established socialist rule."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-manufacturers/e/radio-manufacturers/itt-inc/": {"t": "ITT Inc.", "s": "American manufacturer of specialty components for industrial markets."}, "https://codexery.com/international-organizations-and-agreemen/e/international-organizations-and-agreements/international-telecommunication-union/": {"t": "International Telecommunication Union", "s": "Oldest UN agency, founded as International Telegraph Union in 1865."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-spectrum/e/radio-spectrum/umts/": {"t": "UMTS", "s": "3G cellular system based on GSM, using W-CDMA radio access."}, "https://codexery.com/companies-and-brands/e/companies-and-brands/nokia/": {"t": "Nokia", "s": "Finnish telecom giant that dominated mobile phones for a decade.", "i": "https://codexery.com/companies-and-brands/img/companies-and-brands/nokia.webp", "c": "Oktoober · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/companies-and-brands/e/companies-and-brands/qualcomm/": {"t": "Qualcomm", "s": "American multinational developer of wireless communications and semiconductor technologies."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-manufacturers/e/radio-manufacturers/siemens/": {"t": "Siemens", "s": "European engineering giant with roots in telegraphy and industrial automation."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-manufacturers/e/radio-manufacturers/marconi-company/": {"t": "Marconi Company", "s": "Pioneer of wireless communication and mass media broadcasting."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors/e/great-inventors/guglielmo-marconi/": {"t": "Guglielmo Marconi", "s": "Italian inventor of practical wireless telegraphy and Nobel laureate.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inventors/img/great-inventors/guglielmo-marconi.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Guglielmo Marconi · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/e/medical-specialties/ophthalmology/": {"t": "Ophthalmology", "s": "Branch of medicine for eye disease diagnosis, treatment, and surgery.", "i": "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/img/medical-specialties/ophthalmology.webp", "c": "Hodge120 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/optics-and-color/e/optics-and-color/optics/": {"t": "Optics", "s": "Branch of physics studying light and electromagnetic radiation.", "i": "https://codexery.com/optics-and-color/img/optics-and-color/optics.webp", "c": "OpticalSystem · Public domain"}, "/e/companies-and-conglomerates/emirates-airline/": {"t": "Emirates (airline)", "s": "Flag carrier of Dubai; world's largest long haul airline.", "i": "https://codexery.com/companies-and-conglomerates/img/companies-and-conglomerates/emirates-airline.webp", "c": "Krixnadelapaz · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/explorers/john-d-rockefeller/": {"t": "John D. Rockefeller", "s": "Oil magnate and philanthropist who founded Standard Oil and shaped modern philanthropy.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/explorers/john-d-rockefeller.webp", "c": "Published by Scientific American Compiling Dep't, New York. 1907. · via Wikipedia: John D. Rockefeller · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/new-england/": {"t": "New England", "s": "Six-state region in northeastern U.S. with strong cultural identity."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/midwestern-united-states/": {"t": "Midwestern United States", "s": "A north-central U.S. region of industry, agriculture, and political swing states."}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/hawaii/": {"t": "Hawaii", "s": "Island state with a tropical climate and diverse heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/polymers-and-macromolecules/e/polymers-and-macromolecules/polyethylene/": {"t": "Polyethylene", "s": "Polyethylene is the most commonly produced plastic worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/polymers-and-macromolecules/e/polymers-and-macromolecules/polypropylene/": {"t": "Polypropylene", "s": "A versatile thermoplastic polymer, second only to polyethylene in production volume."}, "https://codexery.com/construction-materials/e/construction-and-materials/adhesive/": {"t": "Adhesive", "s": "A non-metallic substance that binds surfaces together, with a history spanning over 200,000 years.", "i": "https://codexery.com/construction-materials/img/construction-and-materials/adhesive.webp", "c": "Cjp24 · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/polymers-and-macromolecules/e/polymers-and-macromolecules/resin/": {"t": "Resin", "s": "Plant and synthetic substance used in varnishes, adhesives, and incense."}, "https://codexery.com/motor-sports/e/motor-sports/nascar/": {"t": "NASCAR", "s": "NASCAR, officially the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing, LLC, is an American company that sanctions and operates auto racing events, most famously"}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-games/e/sports-and-games/formula-one/": {"t": "Formula One", "s": "The first successful Formula One video game in arcade history was Pole Position (1982), by Namco."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/singapore/": {"t": "Singapore", "s": "The Lion City, a global hub of trade and finance."}, "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/e/corporations-and-conglomerates/shell-plc/": {"t": "Shell plc", "s": "Shell plc is a British publicly traded oil and gas company with its headquarters in London, England.", "i": "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/img/corporations-and-conglomerates/shell-plc.webp", "c": "Marek Ślusarczyk ( Tupungato ) Photo portfolio · CC BY 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/american-state-capitals/e/american-state-capitals/little-rock-arkansas/": {"t": "Little Rock, Arkansas", "s": "Capital of Arkansas and site of 1957 school desegregation crisis.", "i": "https://codexery.com/american-state-capitals/img/american-state-capitals/little-rock-arkansas.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Little Rock, Arkansas · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/legal-concepts-doctrines/e/legal-concepts-and-doctrines/lobbying/": {"t": "Lobbying", "s": "Advocacy to influence policy decisions through direct contact with lawmakers."}, "https://codexery.com/addictive-substances-medications/e/addictive-substances-and-medications/diazepam/": {"t": "Diazepam", "s": "Diazepam, commonly known by the brand name Valium, belongs to the benzodiazepine class of drugs and works as an anxiety reliever."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/texas/": {"t": "Texas", "s": "Second-largest U.S. state by area, but first in Fortune 500 headquarters and gross state product."}, "https://codexery.com/stock-markets-finance/e/stock-markets-and-finance/stock-market-index/": {"t": "Stock market index", "s": "Index measuring stock market performance for investor comparison."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-inventions/e/greek-inventions/gimbal/": {"t": "Gimbal", "s": "A pivoted support allowing rotation independent of its base."}, "https://codexery.com/headphones-mics-and-mice/e/headphones-mics-and-mice/microphone/": {"t": "Microphone", "s": "A transducer that converts sound into an electrical signal."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/north-america/": {"t": "North America", "s": "Third-largest continent by area; fourth-largest by population.", "i": "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/img/regions-and-cultural-spheres/north-america.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: North America · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/unmanned-aerial-vehicles/e/unmanned-aerial-vehicles/unmanned-aerial-vehicle/": {"t": "Unmanned aerial vehicle", "s": "An aircraft without a human pilot, controlled remotely or autonomously.", "i": "https://codexery.com/unmanned-aerial-vehicles/img/unmanned-aerial-vehicles/unmanned-aerial-vehicle.webp", "c": "Davomme · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/video-camera/": {"t": "Video camera", "s": "Optical instrument that captures video for live or recorded use."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/television/": {"t": "Television", "s": "A telecommunication medium for transmitting moving images and sound."}, "https://codexery.com/crime-justice/e/crime-and-justice/terrorism/": {"t": "Terrorism", "s": "Violence against non-combatants to achieve political or ideological aims."}, "https://codexery.com/cold-war-conflicts/e/cold-war-conflicts/russo-ukrainian-war-2022-present/": {"t": "Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)", "s": "Largest war in Europe since World War II."}, "https://codexery.com/political-systems-elections/e/political-systems-and-elections/federal-government-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "Federal government of the United States", "s": "National government of the United States, established by the Constitution."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-controlled-aircraft/e/radio-controlled-aircraft/dji-phantom/": {"t": "DJI Phantom", "s": "The first commercially successful recreational drone series."}, "https://codexery.com/breaking-bad/e/characters/better-call-saul/": {"t": "Better Call Saul", "s": "Prequel spin-off exploring Jimmy McGill's descent into Saul Goodman.", "i": "https://codexery.com/breaking-bad/img/characters/better-call-saul.webp", "c": "https://teepublic.zendesk.com/hc/article_attachments/360049702254/bettercallsaul-logo.svg · via Wikipedia: Better Call Saul · Fair use"}, "https://codexery.com/high-fantasy-television-series/e/high-fantasy-television-series/game-of-thrones/": {"t": "Game of Thrones", "s": "An American fantasy drama series based on George R. R. Martin's novels."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/coronavirus/": {"t": "Coronavirus", "s": "RNA viruses causing respiratory and other diseases in mammals and birds."}, "https://codexery.com/game-controllers-and-accessories/e/game-controllers-and-accessories/playstation-controller/": {"t": "PlayStation controller", "s": "Sony's first gamepad, introducing geometric action buttons and shoulder grips."}, "https://codexery.com/banking-and-finance/e/banking-and-finance/hong-kong-stock-exchange/": {"t": "Hong Kong Stock Exchange", "s": "Major Asian exchange linking global investors to Chinese companies."}, "https://codexery.com/quadcopters-and-multirotor-drones/e/quadcopters-and-multirotor-drones/quadcopter/": {"t": "Quadcopter", "s": "A four-rotor aircraft made practical by modern drone technology.", "i": "https://codexery.com/quadcopters-and-multirotor-drones/img/quadcopters-and-multirotor-drones/quadcopter.webp", "c": "Mais Jamal, Youshaa Murhij, Zain Alabiden Ali · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/unmanned-aerial-vehicles/e/unmanned-aerial-vehicles/drone-racing/": {"t": "Drone racing", "s": "A motorsport where pilots fly via live video from the drone."}, "https://codexery.com/ground-robots-and-military-robots/e/ground-robots-and-military-robots/unmanned-ground-vehicle/": {"t": "Unmanned ground vehicle", "s": "Unmanned ground vehicles operate without onboard humans in hazardous roles."}, "https://codexery.com/computing-software/e/computing-and-software/programming-language/": {"t": "Programming language", "s": "Engineered languages for expressing computer programs."}, "https://codexery.com/computing-digital/e/computing-and-digital/computer-programming/": {"t": "Computer programming", "s": "The composition of instructions for computers to follow."}, "https://codexery.com/notable-mountains-and-peaks/e/notable-mountains-and-peaks/mount-everest/": {"t": "Mount Everest", "s": "Earth's highest mountain above sea level, on the China–Nepal border.", "i": "https://codexery.com/notable-mountains-and-peaks/img/notable-mountains-and-peaks/mount-everest.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: 1996 Mount Everest disaster · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/transportation/e/transportation/rail-transport/": {"t": "Rail transport", "s": "Wheeled vehicles on steel rails for efficient land transport."}, "https://codexery.com/trains/e/legendary-trains/the-ice/": {"t": "The ICE", "s": "German high-speed rail system operated by Deutsche Bahn."}, "https://codexery.com/banking-and-finance/e/banking-and-finance/london-stock-exchange/": {"t": "London Stock Exchange", "s": "London's historic gateway to global capital markets."}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/cultural-and-historical-regions/eastern-europe/": {"t": "Eastern Europe", "s": "A contested subregion with shifting cultural and political boundaries."}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/saxony/": {"t": "Saxony", "s": "A German state with a long history as duchy, electorate, and kingdom."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/italy/": {"t": "Italy", "s": "A cultural superpower with the eighth-largest economy and the most UNESCO sites."}, "https://codexery.com/energy-power/e/energy-and-power/central-heating/": {"t": "Central heating", "s": "A system that provides warmth to multiple spaces from one main heat source."}, "https://codexery.com/electrical-systems/e/electrical-systems/electric-light/": {"t": "Electric light", "s": "An electrical device producing light from electricity."}, "https://codexery.com/trains/e/legendary-trains/the-tgv/": {"t": "The TGV", "s": "French high-speed rail pioneer.", "i": "https://codexery.com/trains/img/legendary-trains/the-tgv.webp", "c": "Nelso Silva · via Wikipedia: TGV · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/straits-channels-and-seas/e/straits-channels-and-seas/strait-of-messina/": {"t": "Strait of Messina", "s": "Narrow strait linking Sicily to mainland Italy."}}