{"/e/civil-law-and-remedies/legal-remedy/": {"t": "Legal remedy", "s": "Court-ordered means to enforce rights and redress wrongs.", "i": "https://codexery.com/civil-law-and-remedies/img/civil-law-and-remedies/legal-remedy.webp", "c": "Remedy Entertainment · Public domain"}, "/e/civil-law-and-remedies/plaintiff/": {"t": "Plaintiff", "s": "Party who initiates a lawsuit seeking legal remedy."}, "/e/civil-law-and-remedies/private-law/": {"t": "Private law", "s": "Private law governs interactions between individual persons.", "i": "https://codexery.com/civil-law-and-remedies/img/civil-law-and-remedies/private-law.webp", "c": "Manderiko · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/criminal-law-procedure/e/criminal-law-and-procedure/defendant/": {"t": "Defendant", "s": "Party accused of a crime or civil wrong in court."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-concepts/e/legal-systems-and-concepts/complaint/": {"t": "Complaint", "s": "Formal legal document initiating a lawsuit."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-courts/e/legal-systems-and-courts/dispute-resolution/": {"t": "Dispute resolution", "s": "Process of resolving disputes through legal and extrajudicial means."}, "https://codexery.com/criminal-law-procedure/e/criminal-law-and-procedure/criminal-procedure/": {"t": "Criminal procedure", "s": "Adjudication process of criminal law, varying by jurisdiction."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-concepts/e/legal-systems-and-concepts/civil-procedure/": {"t": "Civil procedure", "s": "Body of law governing civil lawsuit rules and court procedures."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-concepts/e/legal-systems-and-concepts/common-law/": {"t": "Common law", "s": "Judge-made legal system originating in medieval England."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-concepts/e/legal-systems-and-concepts/statute/": {"t": "Statute", "s": "A formal written enactment of a legislative body.", "i": 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"https://codexery.com/legal-systems-courts/e/legal-systems-and-courts/estoppel/": {"t": "Estoppel", "s": "A judicial device preventing a person from going back on their word."}, "https://codexery.com/law-enforcement-legal-procedures/e/law-enforcement-and-legal-procedures/settlement-litigation/": {"t": "Settlement (litigation)", "s": "A contract-based resolution of legal disputes without trial."}, "/e/civil-law-and-remedies/license/": {"t": "License", "s": "A license is a promise not to sue."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-concepts/e/legal-systems-and-concepts/contract/": {"t": "Contract", "s": "A legally enforceable agreement between two or more parties."}, "https://codexery.com/other/e/other/property/": {"t": "Property", "s": "Property is a system of rights over valuable things."}, "https://codexery.com/economic-and-social-concepts/e/economic-and-social-concepts/laissez-faire/": {"t": "Laissez-faire", "s": "Economic doctrine advocating minimal government intervention in markets.", "i": "https://codexery.com/economic-and-social-concepts/img/economic-and-social-concepts/laissez-faire.webp", "c": "John Maynard Keynes · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/government-and-law/e/government-and-law/property-law/": {"t": "Property law", "s": "Governs legal rights in property across common and civil law systems."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-concepts/e/legal-systems-and-concepts/consideration/": {"t": "Consideration", "s": "Exchange of value required for simple contracts."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/new-york-city/": {"t": "New York City", "s": "The most populous city in the United States, a global center of finance, culture, and diplomacy."}, "https://codexery.com/economics-and-business/e/economics-and-business/real-estate/": {"t": "Real estate", "s": "Land and buildings as immovable property under ownership.", "i": "https://codexery.com/economics-and-business/img/economics-and-business/real-estate.webp", "c": "Yates & Jones, draftsmen, George Street, Brisbane · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/transportation/e/transportation/parking/": {"t": "Parking", "s": "Parking is a $25 billion industry pivotal to transportation and urban design."}, "https://codexery.com/home-and-furniture/e/home-and-furniture/apartment/": {"t": "Apartment", "s": "Self-contained housing unit within a larger building."}, "https://codexery.com/government-public-administration/e/government-and-public-administration/policy/": {"t": "Policy", "s": "A system of guidelines for decisions and rational outcomes."}, "/e/civil-law-and-remedies/lease/": {"t": "Lease", "s": "A contract granting use of an asset for payment.", "i": "https://codexery.com/civil-law-and-remedies/img/civil-law-and-remedies/lease.webp", "c": "Paul Sableman · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/crime-justice/e/crime-and-justice/law/": {"t": "Law", "s": "Rules enforced by institutions to regulate behavior."}, "https://codexery.com/construction-and-engineering/e/construction-and-engineering/scaffolding/": {"t": "Scaffolding", "s": "Temporary structures that support work crews and materials at height.", "i": "https://codexery.com/construction-and-engineering/img/construction-and-engineering/scaffolding.webp", "c": "Neil Owen · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/family-and-kinship/e/family-and-kinship/adoption/": {"t": "Adoption", "s": "A practice of permanently transferring parental rights and responsibilities."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/england/": {"t": "England", "s": "Land of the Angles, birthplace of football and the Industrial Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/government-and-law/e/government-and-law/negligence/": {"t": "Negligence", "s": "A failure to exercise appropriate care expected in similar circumstances."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/middlesex/": {"t": "Middlesex", "s": "Historic county of England, largely now part of 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G. Wells", "s": "English writer and prophetic social critic."}, "https://codexery.com/opera-composers/e/opera-composers/gilbert-and-sullivan/": {"t": "Gilbert and Sullivan", "s": "Victorian theatrical duo of librettist and composer."}, "/e/civil-law-and-remedies/lawsuit/": {"t": "Lawsuit", "s": "A civil court proceeding initiated by a plaintiff against a defendant.", "i": "https://codexery.com/civil-law-and-remedies/img/civil-law-and-remedies/lawsuit.webp", "c": "Rrmmll22 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/jurists-and-legal-scholars/e/jurists-and-legal-scholars/richard-posner/": {"t": "Richard Posner", "s": "Influential judge and most-cited American legal scholar.", "i": "https://codexery.com/jurists-and-legal-scholars/img/jurists-and-legal-scholars/richard-posner.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Richard Posner · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/criminal-law-procedure/e/criminal-law-and-procedure/criminal-law/": {"t": "Criminal law", "s": "Body of law relating to crime, punishment, and 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speech, press, assembly, and petition."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-concepts/e/legal-systems-and-concepts/jurisprudence/": {"t": "Jurisprudence", "s": "The philosophy of law, examining what law is and ought to be."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-concepts/e/legal-systems-and-concepts/damages/": {"t": "Damages", "s": "Monetary remedy for loss or injury under common law."}, "/e/civil-law-and-remedies/negotiation/": {"t": "Negotiation", "s": "Dialogue to resolve differences and reach mutual agreement.", "i": "https://codexery.com/civil-law-and-remedies/img/civil-law-and-remedies/negotiation.webp", "c": "U.S. Department of State · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/ethics-morality/e/ethics-and-morality/empathy/": {"t": "Empathy", "s": "Empathy is the ability to understand and share another's experience."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/rome/": {"t": "Rome", "s": "The Eternal City, capital of Italy and cradle of Western civilization."}, "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/e/international-law-and-diplomacy/roman-law/": {"t": "Roman law", "s": "The legal system of ancient Rome, spanning over a thousand years of jurisprudence and influencing much of Western and Eastern European law.", "i": "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/img/international-law-and-diplomacy/roman-law.webp", "c": "Jebulon · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/justinian-i/": {"t": "Justinian I", "s": "Roman emperor who codified Roman law and reconquered lost territories."}, "https://codexery.com/former-empires/e/former-empires/kingdom-of-kush/": {"t": "Kingdom of Kush", "s": "Ancient Nubian kingdom that ruled Egypt and pioneered ironworking and irrigation."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/augustus/": {"t": "Augustus", "s": "Founder of the Roman Empire and its first emperor."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-scriptures-and-epistles/e/christian-scriptures-and-epistles/epistle-to-the-philippians/": {"t": "Epistle to the Philippians", "s": "A Pauline epistle, likely a composite of letter fragments."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/paul-the-apostle/": {"t": "Paul the Apostle", "s": "Apostle to the Gentiles and author of many New Testament epistles."}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts/e/economic-concepts/finance/": {"t": "Finance", "s": "Finance manages money, investments, and financial systems.", "i": "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts/img/economic-concepts/finance.webp", "c": "Danny Gotfried · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/society-and-culture/e/society-and-culture/self-determination/": {"t": "Self-determination", "s": "A people's right to form its own political entity."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts/e/philosophical-concepts/ethics/": {"t": "Ethics", "s": "Philosophical study of moral 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"https://codexery.com/legal-systems-courts/e/legal-systems-and-courts/court/": {"t": "Court", "s": "Institution with authority to adjudicate disputes and administer justice."}, "https://codexery.com/government-and-law/e/government-and-law/political-science/": {"t": "Political science", "s": "Empirical study of politics, governance, and power."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/western-world/": {"t": "Western world", "s": "An evolving cultural, political, and economic concept of diverse groups."}, "https://codexery.com/emotions/e/emotions/emotion/": {"t": "Emotion", "s": "Emotions are complex states with no single agreed definition.", "i": "https://codexery.com/emotions/img/emotions/emotion.webp", "c": "Wikimedia Commons · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/seven-deadly-sins/e/characters/anger/": {"t": "Anger", "s": "An intense emotional state involving a non-cooperative response to threat."}, "https://codexery.com/uefa-champions-league/e/history/liverpool/": {"t": "Liverpool", "s": "A port city with a rich maritime history, cultural diversity, and a legacy of music and football.", "i": "https://codexery.com/uefa-champions-league/img/history/liverpool.webp", "c": "Ian S · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/film-history/e/film-history/star-wars/": {"t": "Star Wars", "s": "A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away...", "i": "https://codexery.com/film-history/img/film-history/star-wars.webp", "c": "Original: The Walt Disney Company, Suzy Rice Vector:  Weweje · via Wikipedia: Star Wars · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/new-jersey/": {"t": "New Jersey", "s": "Most densely populated U.S. state, hub of biopharmaceutical innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/e/international-law-and-diplomacy/supreme-court-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "Supreme Court of the United States", "s": "Highest federal court with ultimate appellate and original jurisdiction.", "i": "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/img/international-law-and-diplomacy/supreme-court-of-the-united-states.webp", "c": "Original:  Optimager Vector:  Ipankonin · via Wikipedia: Supreme Court of the United States · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-courts/e/legal-systems-and-courts/civil-procedure-rules/": {"t": "Civil Procedure Rules", "s": "Rules reforming civil litigation in England and Wales.", "i": "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-courts/img/legal-systems-and-courts/civil-procedure-rules.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Civil Procedure Rules · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-courts/e/legal-systems-and-courts/administrative-law/": {"t": "Administrative law", "s": "Branch of law governing executive branch agency activities.", "i": "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-courts/img/legal-systems-and-courts/administrative-law.webp", "c": "Wikimedia Commons · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/social-issues/e/social-issues/parliament-of-the-united-kingdom/": {"t": "Parliament of the United Kingdom", "s": "Supreme legislative body of the United Kingdom."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-professions/e/legal-professions/legal-instrument/": {"t": "Legal instrument", "s": "Formally executed documents evidencing legally enforceable rights or duties.", "i": "https://codexery.com/legal-professions/img/legal-professions/legal-instrument.webp", "c": "Unknown author Unknown author or not provided · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/law-enforcement-legal-procedures/e/law-enforcement-and-legal-procedures/solicitor/": {"t": "Solicitor", "s": "Solicitors handle legal matters and proceedings in many jurisdictions."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-professions/e/legal-professions/notary-public/": {"t": "Notary public", "s": "A public officer constituted by law to serve in non-contentious matters, validating signatures and performing notarial acts.", "i": "https://codexery.com/legal-professions/img/legal-professions/notary-public.webp", "c": "Anonymous Unknown author · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-concepts/e/legal-systems-and-concepts/public-law/": {"t": "Public law", "s": "Law governing relations between persons and the state."}, "https://codexery.com/criminal-law-and-procedure/e/criminal-law-and-procedure/public-order-crime/": {"t": "Public-order crime", "s": "Crime that interferes with society's efficient functioning."}, "https://codexery.com/political-theorists-and-social-scientist/e/political-theorists-and-social-scientists/montesquieu/": {"t": "Montesquieu", "s": "French jurist, historian, and political philosopher who pioneered the separation of powers."}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts-models/e/economic-concepts-and-models/economic-system/": {"t": "Economic system", "s": "System of production, allocation, and distribution within an economy."}, "https://codexery.com/economic-and-social-concepts/e/economic-and-social-concepts/political-system/": {"t": "Political system", "s": "A system defining government decision-making and authority allocation.", "i": "https://codexery.com/economic-and-social-concepts/img/economic-and-social-concepts/political-system.webp", "c": "Politisches_System_in_Deutschland.svg : Mortadelo2005 derivative work: TastyCake · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/e/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/plato/": {"t": "Plato", "s": "Foundational Western philosopher, student of Socrates, teacher of Aristotle.", "i": "https://codexery.com/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/img/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/plato.webp", "c": "Marie-Lan Nguyen · via Wikipedia: Plato · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/e/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/thomas-hobbes/": {"t": "Thomas Hobbes", "s": "English philosopher and 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"https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/adam-smith/": {"t": "Adam Smith", "s": "Scottish economist and philosopher, father of modern economics"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/karl-marx/": {"t": "Karl Marx", "s": "German philosopher and revolutionary socialist who developed Marxism."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/murray-rothbard/": {"t": "Murray Rothbard", "s": "Founder of anarcho-capitalism and key figure in the 20th-century American libertarian movement."}, "https://codexery.com/violence-conflict/e/violence-and-conflict/injury/": {"t": "Injury", "s": "Physiological damage with shared ancient response across eukaryotes.", "i": "https://codexery.com/violence-conflict/img/violence-and-conflict/injury.webp", "c": "Doug Beckers from Cardiff NSW, Australia · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/economics-and-business/e/economics-and-business/property-tax/": {"t": "Property tax", "s": "An ad valorem tax on property value levied by local jurisdictions.", "i": "https://codexery.com/economics-and-business/img/economics-and-business/property-tax.webp", "c": "Albemarle County Property Taxes of 1797 · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/crime-and-deviance/e/crime-and-deviance/theft/": {"t": "Theft", "s": "Theft is the unauthorised taking of property with dishonest intent.", "i": "https://codexery.com/crime-and-deviance/img/crime-and-deviance/theft.webp", "c": "Rockstar Games · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/criminal-law-and-procedure/e/criminal-law-and-procedure/property-crime/": {"t": "Property crime", "s": "Property crime involves unlawful taking or destruction of another's property."}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts-and-schools/e/economic-concepts-and-schools/neoclassical-economics/": {"t": "Neoclassical economics", "s": "Dominant microeconomic approach emphasizing supply, demand, and utility maximization."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-cultural-concepts/e/historical-and-cultural-concepts/slavery/": {"t": "Slavery", "s": "Slavery is the ownership of a person as property."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-cultural-concepts/e/historical-and-cultural-concepts/feudalism/": {"t": "Feudalism", "s": "A system of land-for-service obligations in medieval Europe."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/north-america/": {"t": "North America", "s": "Third-largest continent by area; fourth-largest by population.", "i": "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/img/regions-and-cultural-spheres/north-america.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: North America · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/economics-and-business/e/economics-and-business/sales/": {"t": "Sales", "s": "Sales is the exchange of goods or services for value."}, "https://codexery.com/companies-and-brands/e/companies-and-brands/mcdonald-s/": {"t": "McDonald's", "s": "The world's largest fast food chain, serving billions since 1940.", "i": "https://codexery.com/companies-and-brands/img/companies-and-brands/mcdonald-s.webp", "c": "Dinkun Chen · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/taboo/e/taboo/euphemism/": {"t": "Euphemism", "s": "A linguistic substitution to soften offensive or taboo expressions."}, "https://codexery.com/narrative-techniques-genres/e/narrative-techniques-and-genres/fiction/": {"t": "Fiction", "s": "Creative works portraying imaginary individuals, events, or places."}, "https://codexery.com/criminal-law-and-procedure/e/criminal-law-and-procedure/life-imprisonment/": {"t": "Life imprisonment", "s": "A sentence of imprisonment for the remainder of a convict's natural life."}, "https://codexery.com/constitutional-law/e/constitutional-law/parole/": {"t": "Parole", "s": "Early release of prisoners under supervision and conditions."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/milton-friedman/": {"t": "Milton Friedman", "s": "American economist and Nobel laureate who championed monetarism and free-market policies."}, "/e/civil-law-and-remedies/patent-office/": {"t": "Patent office", "s": "Government bodies that grant or reject patent applications."}, "/e/civil-law-and-remedies/patentability/": {"t": "Patentability", "s": "Substantive conditions for patent grant and validity."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/europe/": {"t": "Europe", "s": "Second-smallest continent, birthplace of Western civilisation and European Union."}, "https://codexery.com/linguistic-concepts-and-phenomena/e/linguistic-concepts-and-phenomena/pejorative/": {"t": "Pejorative", "s": "A term expressing negative or disrespectful connotation."}, "https://codexery.com/forms-of-government/e/forms-of-government/government/": {"t": "Government", "s": "System or group leading a state with socially acceptable force."}, "/e/civil-law-and-remedies/patent-infringement/": {"t": "Patent infringement", "s": "Unauthorized use of a patented invention without the holder's permission."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors/e/great-inventors/thomas-edison/": {"t": "Thomas Edison", "s": "The Wizard of Menlo Park who lit up the world", "i": "https://codexery.com/inventors/img/great-inventors/thomas-edison.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Thomas Edison · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/france/": {"t": "France", "s": "A global centre of art, science, cuisine and philosophy."}, "https://codexery.com/public-law/e/public-law/public-domain/": {"t": "Public domain", "s": "Creative works free from exclusive intellectual property rights.", "i": "https://codexery.com/public-law/img/public-law/public-domain.webp", "c": "Democratic Party · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/singapore/": {"t": "Singapore", "s": "The Lion City, a global hub of trade and finance."}, "https://codexery.com/film-theater/e/film-and-theater/monty-python/": {"t": "Monty Python", "s": "1975 British comedy film parodying King Arthur's quest for the Holy Grail."}, "https://codexery.com/film-history-milestones/e/film-history-and-milestones/cinema-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "Cinema of the United States", "s": "Hollywood shaped global cinema from the early 20th century."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-concepts/e/legal-systems-and-concepts/age-of-criminal-responsibility/": {"t": "Age of criminal responsibility", "s": "The age below which a child is deemed incapable of having committed a criminal offence."}, "https://codexery.com/criminal-law-procedure/e/criminal-law-and-procedure/criminal-justice/": {"t": "Criminal justice", "s": "System of agencies delivering justice after crime."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/ontario/": {"t": "Ontario", "s": "Canada's most populous province, home to Ottawa and Toronto."}, "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/e/states-and-regions/quebec/": {"t": "Quebec", "s": "Canada's largest province, heart of Francophone culture in North America.", "i": "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/img/states-and-regions/quebec.webp", "c": "Wilfredor · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/nova-scotia/": {"t": "Nova Scotia", "s": "Canada's most populous Atlantic province, rich in Mi'kmaq heritage and Scottish history."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/italy/": {"t": "Italy", "s": "A cultural superpower with the eighth-largest economy and the most UNESCO sites."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/northern-ireland/": {"t": "Northern Ireland", "s": "The main public broadcaster in Northern Ireland, part of the BBC national regions."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/scotland/": {"t": "Scotland", "s": "A country of ancient kingdoms, rugged highlands, and deep lochs."}}