{"https://codexery.com/nigerian-states/e/nigerian-states/enugu-state/": {"t": "Enugu State", "s": "A southeastern Nigerian state, heart of Igboland and former Biafran capital.", "i": "https://codexery.com/nigerian-states/img/nigerian-states/enugu-state.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Enugu State · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/e/exploration-and-colonization/atlantic-slave-trade/": {"t": "Atlantic slave trade", "s": "Transatlantic transportation of enslaved Africans to the Americas.", "i": "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/img/exploration-and-colonization/atlantic-slave-trade.webp", "c": "Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/british-colonisation-in-africa/e/british-colonisation-in-africa/southern-nigeria-protectorate/": {"t": "Southern Nigeria Protectorate", "s": "British protectorate formed in 1900, later unified with Northern Nigeria."}, "https://codexery.com/british-colonisation-in-africa/e/british-colonisation-in-africa/northern-nigeria-protectorate/": {"t": "Northern Nigeria Protectorate", "s": "British protectorate in northern Nigeria from 1900 to 1914.", "i": "https://codexery.com/british-colonisation-in-africa/img/british-colonisation-in-africa/northern-nigeria-protectorate.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Northern Nigeria Protectorate · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/cities-and-urban-areas/e/cities-and-urban-areas/port-harcourt/": {"t": "Port Harcourt", "s": "Major Nigerian port city and oil industry hub.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cities-and-urban-areas/img/cities-and-urban-areas/port-harcourt.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Port Harcourt · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/second-world-war/": {"t": "Second World War", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Axis, deadliest in history."}, "https://codexery.com/nigerian-states/e/nigerian-states/cross-river-state/": {"t": "Cross River State", "s": "A Nigerian state formed in 1967, named after the Cross River.", "i": "https://codexery.com/nigerian-states/img/nigerian-states/cross-river-state.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Cross River State · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/nigerian-states/e/nigerian-states/rivers-state/": {"t": "Rivers State", "s": "Niger Delta state formed in 1967, oil industry hub.", "i": "https://codexery.com/nigerian-states/img/nigerian-states/rivers-state.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Rivers State · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/insurgents-and-guerrilla-leaders/e/insurgents-and-guerrilla-leaders/chukwuemeka-odumegwu-ojukwu/": {"t": "Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu", "s": "Biafran leader who fought for Igbo survival"}, "https://codexery.com/nigerian-states/e/nigerian-states/imo-state/": {"t": "Imo State", "s": "Eastern Heartland of Nigeria, rich in culture and agriculture."}, "https://codexery.com/nigerian-states/e/nigerian-states/anambra-state/": {"t": "Anambra State", "s": "Light of the Nation", "i": "https://codexery.com/nigerian-states/img/nigerian-states/anambra-state.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Anambra State · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/african-independence-leaders-post-coloni/e/african-independence-leaders-and-post-colonial-figures/ibrahim-babangida/": {"t": "Ibrahim Babangida", "s": "Nigerian general and politician who ruled as military president of Nigeria from 1985 to 1993.", "i": "https://codexery.com/african-independence-leaders-post-coloni/img/african-independence-leaders-and-post-colonial-figures/ibrahim-babangida.webp", "c": "Seiperi · via Wikipedia: Ibrahim Babangida · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/writers-poets/e/writers-and-poets/chinua-achebe/": {"t": "Chinua Achebe", "s": "Nigerian novelist, poet, and critic, central figure of modern African literature.", "i": "https://codexery.com/writers-poets/img/writers-and-poets/chinua-achebe.webp", "c": "Carlo Bavagnoli · via Wikipedia: Chinua Achebe · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/mountain-ranges-and-massifs/e/mountain-ranges-and-massifs/atlas-mountains/": {"t": "Atlas Mountains", "s": "North African mountain range separating Sahara from Mediterranean and Atlantic."}, "https://codexery.com/gregorian-calendar/e/gregorian-calendar/common-era/": {"t": "Common Era", "s": "Calendar era notation avoiding explicit Christian reference."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/tunisia/": {"t": "Tunisia", "s": "A North African crossroads of ancient civilizations and modern aspirations."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/spain/": {"t": "Spain", "s": "A country spanning the Iberian Peninsula, with a history from Roman Hispania to a modern constitutional monarchy."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/mosque/": {"t": "Mosque", "s": "A place of worship and community for Muslims worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/historic-and-sacred-architecture/e/historic-and-sacred-architecture/moorish-architecture/": {"t": "Moorish architecture", "s": "A western Islamic architectural style blending diverse cultural influences."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/saudi-arabia/": {"t": "Saudi Arabia", "s": "The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a land of ancient heritage, vast deserts, and global influence.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/img/honours/saudi-arabia.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Saudi Arabia at the FIFA World Cup · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/cultural-and-historical-regions/hejaz/": {"t": "Hejaz", "s": "Historical region of western Arabia containing Islam's holiest cities."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/iberian-peninsula/": {"t": "Iberian Peninsula", "s": "Second-largest European peninsula, home to Spain and Portugal."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/judaism/": {"t": "Judaism", "s": "An Abrahamic, monotheistic ethnic religion of the Jewish people."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/christianity/": {"t": "Christianity", "s": "World's largest religion, centered on Jesus Christ."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/fatimid-caliphate/": {"t": "Fatimid Caliphate", "s": "Isma'ili Shi'a caliphate spanning North Africa and West Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/european-medieval-monarchs/e/european-medieval-monarchs/almanzor/": {"t": "Almanzor", "s": "Chamberlain who dominated Umayyad Córdoba and halted Christian advance."}, "https://codexery.com/capital-cities-of-africa/e/capital-cities-of-africa/rabat/": {"t": "Rabat", "s": "Capital of Morocco, imperial city on the Atlantic coast."}, "https://codexery.com/forms-of-government/e/forms-of-government/local-government/": {"t": "Local government", "s": "Lowest tier of governance within a sovereign state."}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/nova-scotia/": {"t": "Nova Scotia", "s": "Canada's most populous Atlantic province, rich in Mi'kmaq heritage and Scottish history."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/revolutions-and-uprisings/american-revolution/": {"t": "American Revolution", "s": "Political movement that created the sovereign United States.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/img/revolutions-and-uprisings/american-revolution.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: American Revolution · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/protestantism/": {"t": "Protestantism", "s": "Christian movement originating in the 16th-century Protestant Reformation."}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/napoleonic-wars/": {"t": "Napoleonic Wars", "s": "Global conflicts from 1803 to 1815, featuring coalitions against Napoleon and French domination of Europe.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/wars-and-conflicts/napoleonic-wars.webp", "c": "Ruedi33a · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/african-conflicts-and-colonialism/e/african-conflicts-and-colonialism/sierra-leone-civil-war/": {"t": "Sierra Leone Civil War", "s": "Civil war fueled by diamonds, corruption, and foreign intervention.", "i": "https://codexery.com/african-conflicts-and-colonialism/img/african-conflicts-and-colonialism/sierra-leone-civil-war.webp", "c": "Andbrew.downes · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/meteorology/e/meteorology/tropical-climate/": {"t": "Tropical climate", "s": "A hot, humid climate group with two seasons and small temperature ranges.", "i": "https://codexery.com/meteorology/img/meteorology/tropical-climate.webp", "c": "Vyacheslav Argenberg · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/meteorology/e/meteorology/wet-season/": {"t": "Wet season", "s": "The time of year when most of a region's average annual rainfall occurs, lasting at least one month."}, "https://codexery.com/meteorology/e/meteorology/dry-season/": {"t": "Dry season", "s": "A yearly period of low rainfall, especially in the tropics.", "i": "https://codexery.com/meteorology/img/meteorology/dry-season.webp", "c": "Charles J. Sharp · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/meteorology/e/meteorology/humidity/": {"t": "Humidity", "s": "Humidity is the concentration of water vapor in air."}, "https://codexery.com/festivals-and-celebrations/e/festivals-and-celebrations/eid-al-adha/": {"t": "Eid al-Adha", "s": "Second main Islamic festival commemorating Abraham's sacrifice."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-scripts/e/languages-and-scripts/tswana-language/": {"t": "Tswana language", "s": "A Bantu language official in Zimbabwe and South Africa.", "i": "https://codexery.com/languages-and-scripts/img/languages-and-scripts/tswana-language.webp", "c": "Algovia · via Wikipedia: Tswana language · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/english-language/": {"t": "English language", "s": "A West Germanic language that became the world's lingua franca."}, "https://codexery.com/british-colonisation-in-africa/e/british-colonisation-in-africa/cecil-rhodes/": {"t": "Cecil Rhodes", "s": "British mining magnate, Cape prime minister, founder of Rhodesia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/british-colonisation-in-africa/img/british-colonisation-in-africa/cecil-rhodes.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Cecil Rhodes · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/history-of-the-british-empire/e/history-of-the-british-empire/jameson-raid/": {"t": "Jameson Raid", "s": "Botched 1895 raid that worsened Anglo-Boer tensions and preceded the Second Boer War."}, "https://codexery.com/capital-cities-of-africa/e/capital-cities-of-africa/pretoria/": {"t": "Pretoria", "s": "Executive capital of South Africa and the Jacaranda City."}, "https://codexery.com/legendary-footprints/e/legendary-footprints/mochudi/": {"t": "Mochudi", "s": "Village with giant footprints of the ancestor Matsieng."}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/catholic-church/": {"t": "Catholic Church", "s": "The largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.41 billion baptized members.", "i": "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/img/branches-of-christianity/catholic-church.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Christianity by country · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/automotive-industry/e/automotive-industry/volvo/": {"t": "Volvo", "s": "Swedish multinational manufacturer of trucks, buses, and construction equipment."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-manufacturers/e/radio-manufacturers/siemens/": {"t": "Siemens", "s": "European engineering giant with roots in telegraphy and industrial automation."}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts-models/e/economic-concepts-and-models/cost-of-living/": {"t": "Cost of living", "s": "Cost of living measures the expense of a given standard of living."}, "https://codexery.com/governorates-of-egypt/e/governorates-of-egypt/giza-governorate/": {"t": "Giza Governorate", "s": "Egyptian governorate housing the Pyramids of Giza and Great Sphinx.", "i": "https://codexery.com/governorates-of-egypt/img/governorates-of-egypt/giza-governorate.webp", "c": "youssef_alam · CC BY 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/cairo/": {"t": "Cairo", "s": "The city of a thousand minarets"}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-cities/e/ancient-cities/memphis-egypt/": {"t": "Memphis, Egypt", "s": "Ancient capital of Egypt, home to the Temple of Ptah and gateway to the pyramids."}, "https://codexery.com/pharaohs-of-egypt/e/pharaohs-of-egypt/narmer/": {"t": "Narmer", "s": "Ancient Egyptian king who unified Egypt and founded the First Dynasty."}, "https://codexery.com/egypt-myths/e/egyptian-myths/the-great-sphinx/": {"t": "The Great Sphinx", "s": "The oldest known monumental sculpture in Egypt, the Great Sphinx of Giza remains an enduring mystery of ancient craftsmanship."}, "https://codexery.com/world-wonders/e/world-wonders/the-great-pyramid-of-giza/": {"t": "The Great Pyramid of Giza", "s": "The oldest and only largely intact Wonder of the Ancient World, the Great Pyramid of Giza stands as the tomb of Pharaoh Khufu, built c. 2600 BC.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-wonders/img/world-wonders/the-great-pyramid-of-giza.webp", "c": "Gary Todd from Xinzheng, China · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/old-kingdom-of-egypt/": {"t": "Old Kingdom of Egypt", "s": "The Age of the Pyramids: Egypt's first golden age of pyramid-building and centralized rule."}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-games/e/sports-and-games/association-football/": {"t": "Association football", "s": "Association football, also called football or soccer, is a team sport where two sides of 11 players each use their feet to move an inflated ball across a pitch."}, "https://codexery.com/other-geographic-features/e/other-geographic-features/prime-meridian/": {"t": "Prime meridian", "s": "The prime meridian is the line of 0° longitude, arbitrarily chosen for Earth as the IERS Reference Meridian."}, "https://codexery.com/atmosphere/e/atmosphere/mineral-dust/": {"t": "Mineral dust", "s": "Mineral dust: a major atmospheric aerosol from deserts and human activity."}, "https://codexery.com/notable-buildings-and-monuments/e/notable-buildings-and-monuments/giza-pyramid-complex/": {"t": "Giza pyramid complex", "s": "Ancient Egyptian pyramid complex built during the Fourth Dynasty."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-rulers-of-africa-and-the-near-ea/e/ancient-rulers-of-africa-and-the-near-east/artaxerxes-iii/": {"t": "Artaxerxes III", "s": "Achaemenid king who reconquered Egypt and built at Persepolis."}, "https://codexery.com/egyptian-inventions/e/egyptian-inventions/mastaba/": {"t": "Mastaba", "s": "Flat-roofed, sloping-sided tomb of ancient Egypt."}, "https://codexery.com/african-independence-leaders-post-coloni/e/african-independence-leaders-and-post-colonial-figures/gamal-abdel-nasser/": {"t": "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "s": "Egyptian president who nationalized the Suez Canal and championed Arab unity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/african-independence-leaders-post-coloni/img/african-independence-leaders-and-post-colonial-figures/gamal-abdel-nasser.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Gamal Abdel Nasser · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/anwar-sadat/": {"t": "Anwar Sadat", "s": "Third President of Egypt, leader of the October War and architect of the Camp David Accords"}, "https://codexery.com/surgery-trauma/e/surgery-and-trauma/clinic/": {"t": "Clinic", "s": "Health facility focused on outpatient care, from general practice to specialist services."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-cultural-concepts/e/historical-and-cultural-concepts/pharaoh/": {"t": "Pharaoh", "s": "Monarch of ancient Egypt, intermediary between gods and people."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-ethiopia/e/world-heritage-sites-in-ethiopia/simien-mountains-biosphere-reserve/": {"t": "Simien Mountains Biosphere Reserve", "s": "Biosphere reserve in northern Ethiopia, part of Simien Mountains."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-ethiopia/e/world-heritage-sites-in-ethiopia/fasil-ghebbi/": {"t": "Fasil Ghebbi", "s": "17th-century fortress home of Ethiopian emperors in Gondar."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires-rulers/e/ancient-empires-rulers/amda-seyon-i/": {"t": "Amda Seyon I", "s": "Pillar of Zion and Servant of the Cross, Amda Seyon I expanded Christian Ethiopia through conquest."}, "https://codexery.com/mothers-of-emperors/e/mothers-of-emperors/mentewab/": {"t": "Mentewab", "s": "Empress, regent, and grandmother of emperors."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/sudan/": {"t": "Sudan", "s": "Northeast African nation with ancient kingdoms and modern conflicts."}, "https://codexery.com/capital-cities-of-africa/e/capital-cities-of-africa/addis-ababa/": {"t": "Addis Ababa", "s": "The political capital of Africa and highest capital on the continent."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/eritrea/": {"t": "Eritrea", "s": "Eritrea, officially the State of Eritrea, sits in the Horn of Africa on the eastern side of the continent."}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/second-italo-ethiopian-war/": {"t": "Second Italo-Ethiopian War", "s": "Italy's largest colonial campaign, ending in Ethiopia's annexation."}, "https://codexery.com/capital-cities-of-africa/e/capital-cities-of-africa/asmara/": {"t": "Asmara", "s": "Capital of Eritrea, known for its Italian modernist architecture."}, "https://codexery.com/italian-eritrea/e/italian-eritrea/italian-east-africa/": {"t": "Italian East Africa", "s": "Italian colonial entity uniting Eritrea, Somalia, and Ethiopia."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/soviet-union/": {"t": "Soviet Union", "s": "The world's flagship communist state and a superpower spanning Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/art-movements-styles/e/art-movements-and-styles/art-deco/": {"t": "Art Deco", "s": "A decorative style of luxury and geometric form.", "i": "https://codexery.com/art-movements-styles/img/art-movements-and-styles/art-deco.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Art Deco · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/history-of-the-british-empire/e/history-of-the-british-empire/cape-colony/": {"t": "Cape Colony", "s": "British colony at the Cape of Good Hope, later part of South Africa."}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/indian-ocean/": {"t": "Indian Ocean", "s": "Third-largest ocean, warmest, key to global climate and trade."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-scripts/e/languages-and-scripts/xhosa-language/": {"t": "Xhosa language", "s": "A Bantu language of Southern Africa, official in South Africa and Zimbabwe, known for its click consonants."}, "https://codexery.com/explorers/e/great-explorers/vasco-da-gama/": {"t": "Vasco da Gama", "s": "The Portuguese explorer who opened the sea route to India", "i": "https://codexery.com/explorers/img/great-explorers/vasco-da-gama.webp", "c": "Diego Delso · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/e/exploration-and-colonization/dutch-east-india-company/": {"t": "Dutch East India Company", "s": "Chartered trading company and pioneer of joint-stock finance.", "i": "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/img/exploration-and-colonization/dutch-east-india-company.webp", "c": "Wikimedia Commons · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/british-empire/e/british-empire/1820-settlers/": {"t": "1820 Settlers", "s": "British colonists who settled in the Eastern Cape of the Cape Colony in 1820."}, "https://codexery.com/uefa-champions-league/e/history/liverpool/": {"t": "Liverpool", "s": "Six European Cups, an English record.", "i": "https://codexery.com/uefa-champions-league/img/history/liverpool.webp", "c": "Ian S · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/second-boer-war/": {"t": "Second Boer War", "s": "A colonial war over gold and British dominance in Southern Africa.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/wars-and-conflicts/second-boer-war.webp", "c": "Unknown author · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/violence-conflict/e/violence-and-conflict/concentration-camp/": {"t": "Concentration camp", "s": "From colonial reconcentración to industrial genocide—a tool of oppression.", "i": "https://codexery.com/violence-conflict/img/violence-and-conflict/concentration-camp.webp", "c": "Ozzy Chatgris · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/social-identity-prejudice/e/social-identity-and-prejudice/racial-segregation/": {"t": "Racial segregation", "s": "Separation of people by race or ethnicity, often enforced by law."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/cape-town/": {"t": "Cape Town", "s": "Legislative capital of South Africa, oldest city, and gateway to the Cape Floristic Region."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/europe/": {"t": "Europe", "s": "Second-smallest continent, birthplace of Western civilisation and European Union."}, "https://codexery.com/royalty-and-heads-of-state/e/royalty-and-heads-of-state/nelson-mandela/": {"t": "Nelson Mandela", "s": "South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and first black president."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/mexico-city/": {"t": "Mexico City", "s": "La Ciudad de los Palacios"}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-mexico/e/world-heritage-sites-in-mexico/hospicio-caba-as/": {"t": "Hospicio Cabañas", "s": "One of the oldest and largest orphanage and hospital complexes in the Americas.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-mexico/img/world-heritage-sites-in-mexico/hospicio-caba-as.webp", "c": "ProtoplasmaKid · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/bazaars/e/bazaars/marketplace/": {"t": "Marketplace", "s": "A place for trade, from ancient bazaars to modern e-commerce."}, "https://codexery.com/spanish-exploration-in-the-age-of/e/spanish-exploration-in-the-age-of-discovery/conquistador/": {"t": "Conquistador", "s": "Spanish and Portuguese explorers who conquered and colonized the New World."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires-rulers/e/ancient-empires-rulers/charles-v-holy-roman-emperor/": {"t": "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "s": "Charles V inherited and then led the rising House of Habsburg, ruling a vast collection of European and American territories that became the first realm describ"}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/revolutions-and-conflicts/mexican-war-of-independence/": {"t": "Mexican War of Independence", "s": "Armed conflict ending Spanish rule in Mexico."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/miguel-hidalgo-y-costilla/": {"t": "Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla", "s": "Father of the Mexican Nation and leader of the Cry of Dolores"}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/revolutions-and-conflicts/mexican-revolution/": {"t": "Mexican Revolution", "s": "A decade-long civil war that reshaped Mexican government and society."}, "https://codexery.com/american-and-caribbean-leaders/e/american-and-caribbean-leaders/plutarco-el-as-calles/": {"t": "Plutarco Elías Calles", "s": "Revolutionary general, president of Mexico and founder of the party that ruled the country for decades.", "i": "https://codexery.com/american-and-caribbean-leaders/img/american-and-caribbean-leaders/plutarco-el-as-calles.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Plutarco Elías Calles · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/national-cultures-and-ethnic-groups/e/national-cultures-and-ethnic-groups/culture-of-mexico/": {"t": "Culture of Mexico", "s": "A cultural mosaic blending indigenous, European, African, and Asian influences.", "i": "https://codexery.com/national-cultures-and-ethnic-groups/img/national-cultures-and-ethnic-groups/culture-of-mexico.webp", "c": "Sophia A01361289 · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/unrelegated-association-football-clubs/e/unrelegated-association-football-clubs/c-d-guadalajara/": {"t": "C.D. 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"https://codexery.com/other-geographic-features/e/other-geographic-features/metropolitan-area/": {"t": "Metropolitan area", "s": "A region of dense urban core and integrated surrounding territories."}, "https://codexery.com/capital-cities-of-africa/e/capital-cities-of-africa/abuja/": {"t": "Abuja", "s": "Nigeria's administrative and political capital, built for unity and growth."}, "https://codexery.com/transportation/e/transportation/public-transport/": {"t": "Public transport", "s": "Shared mobility for the general public, operating on fixed routes and schedules."}, "https://codexery.com/british-empire/e/british-empire/british-empire/": {"t": "British Empire", "s": "The largest empire in history, spanning a quarter of Earth's land."}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-indigenous-groups/e/ethnic-and-indigenous-groups/yoruba-people/": {"t": "Yoruba people", "s": "West African ethnic group native to Nigeria, Benin, and Togo"}, 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· see source"}, "https://codexery.com/capital-cities-of-africa/e/capital-cities-of-africa/nairobi/": {"t": "Nairobi", "s": "Capital of Kenya, known as the Green City under the Sun."}, "/e/cities-and-settlements/kigali/": {"t": "Kigali", "s": "Kigali, officially the City of Kigali, is the capital, largest city, and a province-level administrative unit of Rwanda."}, "https://codexery.com/explorers-and-conquistadors/e/explorers-and-conquistadors/henry-morton-stanley/": {"t": "Henry Morton Stanley", "s": "Welsh-American explorer who found Livingstone and opened the Congo."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/the-daily-telegraph/": {"t": "The Daily Telegraph", "s": "Was, is, and will be"}, "https://codexery.com/british-empire/e/british-empire/imperial-british-east-africa-company/": {"t": "Imperial British East Africa Company", "s": "Commercial association that administered eastern African territory under royal charter."}, "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/e/governments-and-political-systems/government-of-the-united-kingdom/": {"t": "Government of the United Kingdom", "s": "Central executive authority of the United Kingdom.", "i": "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/img/governments-and-political-systems/government-of-the-united-kingdom.webp", "c": "No machine-readable author provided. Nightstallion assumed (based on copyright c · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/universities/e/universities/makerere-university/": {"t": "Makerere University", "s": "Uganda's oldest and largest university, founded in 1922."}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous/e/miscellaneous/carpentry/": {"t": "Carpentry", "s": "Carpenters shape and install materials in construction, from framing to finish."}, "https://codexery.com/african-mythology/e/african-mythology/bayajidda/": {"t": "Bayajidda", "s": "Legendary founder of the seven Hausa states."}, "https://codexery.com/deserts-and-drylands/e/deserts-and-drylands/sahel/": {"t": "Sahel", "s": "Transition zone between Sahara and Sudanian savannas."}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-indigenous-groups/e/ethnic-and-indigenous-groups/tuareg-people/": {"t": "Tuareg people", "s": "Amazigh nomads of the Sahara"}, "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/e/pre-columbian-empires/nok-culture/": {"t": "Nok culture", "s": "Early West African culture known for terracotta sculptures and ironworking."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/niger-congo-languages/": {"t": "Niger–Congo languages", "s": "A proposed family of African languages, possibly the world's largest by member languages and third-largest by speakers."}, "https://codexery.com/african-folklore/e/african-folklore/sao-civilisation/": {"t": "Sao civilisation", "s": "Earliest civilization with clear traces in Chad and Cameroon."}, "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/e/pre-columbian-empires/songhai-empire/": {"t": "Songhai Empire", "s": "A large Sahelian empire at its peak in the 15th–16th centuries.", "i": "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/img/pre-columbian-empires/songhai-empire.webp", "c": "HetmanTheResearcher · via Wikipedia: Songhai Empire · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/e/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/usman-dan-fodio/": {"t": "Usman dan Fodio", "s": "Fulani scholar who founded the Sokoto Caliphate."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/jihad/": {"t": "Jihad", "s": "Islamic concept of striving in God's path, with spiritual and martial dimensions."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/sokoto-caliphate/": {"t": "Sokoto Caliphate", "s": "A Sunni Muslim caliphate founded by Usman dan Fodio in 1804.", "i": "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/img/dynasties-and-kingdoms/sokoto-caliphate.webp", "c": "Orange Tuesday (talk) · via Wikipedia: Sokoto Caliphate · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/explorers-and-conquistadors/e/explorers-and-conquistadors/heinrich-barth/": {"t": "Heinrich Barth", "s": "German explorer who meticulously documented African cultures and history."}, "https://codexery.com/construction-materials/e/construction-and-materials/defensive-wall/": {"t": "Defensive wall", "s": "Fortifications enclosing settlements from 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"https://codexery.com/african-conflicts-and-colonialism/e/african-conflicts-and-colonialism/rwandan-genocide/": {"t": "Rwandan genocide", "s": "Over approximately 100 days, members of the Tutsi ethnic group, as well as some moderate Hutu and Twa, were systematically killed by Hutu militias.", "i": "https://codexery.com/african-conflicts-and-colonialism/img/african-conflicts-and-colonialism/rwandan-genocide.webp", "c": "Adam Jones, Ph.D. · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts/e/economic-concepts/gross-domestic-product/": {"t": "Gross domestic product", "s": "Monetary measure of total market value of final goods and services."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-scripts-of-africa/e/languages-and-scripts-of-africa/kinyarwanda/": {"t": "Kinyarwanda", "s": "Bantu language and national language of Rwanda."}, "https://codexery.com/treaties-of-austria-hungary/e/treaties-of-austria-hungary/general-act-of-the-berlin-conference/": {"t": "General Act of the Berlin Conference", "s": "Agreement regulating European colonisation and trade in Africa."}, "https://codexery.com/great-lakes-of-the-world/e/great-lakes-of-the-world/lake-kivu/": {"t": "Lake Kivu", "s": "African Great Lake with dangerous dissolved methane and carbon dioxide.", "i": "https://codexery.com/great-lakes-of-the-world/img/great-lakes-of-the-world/lake-kivu.webp", "c": "Hanah136 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/modern-conflicts/world-war-i/": {"t": "World War I", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Central Powers, 1914–1918."}, "https://codexery.com/french-colonial-empire/e/french-colonial-empire/league-of-nations-mandate/": {"t": "League of Nations mandate", "s": "Post-WWI territories administered under League of Nations supervision."}, "https://codexery.com/african-leaders/e/african-leaders/gr-goire-kayibanda/": {"t": "Grégoire Kayibanda", "s": "First President of Rwanda and leader of the Hutu emancipation movement.", "i": "https://codexery.com/african-leaders/img/african-leaders/gr-goire-kayibanda.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Grégoire Kayibanda · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-the-world/e/rivers-of-the-world/nile/": {"t": "Nile", "s": "Longest river in the world, central to African history and civilization."}, "https://codexery.com/coastal-and-fluvial-geomorphology/e/coastal-and-fluvial-geomorphology/drainage-basin/": {"t": "Drainage basin", "s": "A land area where surface water converges to a single outlet."}, "https://codexery.com/coastal-and-fluvial-geomorphology/e/coastal-and-fluvial-geomorphology/wetland/": {"t": "Wetland", "s": "Semi-aquatic ecosystems flooded or saturated with water."}, "https://codexery.com/government-and-law/e/government-and-law/politics/": {"t": "Politics", "s": "Activity of settling affairs in an organized society via government."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/telecommunications/": {"t": "Telecommunications", "s": "Transmission of information over distance by electrical or electronic means."}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-recreation/e/sports-and-recreation/entertainment/": {"t": "Entertainment", "s": "A broad activity engaging audiences through pleasure, insight, and cultural expression."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/leaders-and-monarchs/leopold-ii-of-belgium/": {"t": "Leopold II of Belgium", "s": "Second king of the Belgians and founder of the Congo Free State."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/leaders-and-monarchs/mobutu-sese-seko/": {"t": "Mobutu Sese Seko", "s": "First and only president of Zaire, known for totalitarian rule."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/congo-river/": {"t": "Congo River", "s": "Second-longest African river, deepest in the world, crossing the equator twice.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/congo-river.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Congo River · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/republic-of-the-congo/": {"t": "Republic of the Congo", "s": "Central African nation shaped by Bantu kingdoms and French colonization."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/french-language/": {"t": "French language", "s": "A Romance language of the Indo-European family, descended from Vulgar Latin and shaped by Celtic and Frankish influences."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-scripts-of-africa/e/languages-and-scripts-of-africa/lingala/": {"t": "Lingala", "s": "A Bantu lingua franca of Central Africa with 40 million speakers."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-scripts-of-africa/e/languages-and-scripts-of-africa/kongo-language/": {"t": "Kongo language", "s": "A Bantu language of Central Africa, with a rich history of early Latin writing and influence across the Atlantic."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-cultural-concepts/e/historical-and-cultural-concepts/slavery/": {"t": "Slavery", "s": "Slavery is the ownership of a person as property."}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/kongo-people/": {"t": "Kongo people", "s": "Bantu ethnic group primarily defined as speakers of Kikongo, with a rich history of kingdoms, early Portuguese contact, and resistance to slavery."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/patrice-lumumba/": {"t": "Patrice Lumumba", "s": "First prime minister of the independent Congo and pan-African martyr."}, "https://codexery.com/indian-inventions/e/indian-inventions/grid-plan/": {"t": "Grid plan", "s": "A city plan of perpendicular streets, ancient and widespread."}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/second-congo-war/": {"t": "Second Congo War", "s": "A major conflict drawing nine African nations and 25 armed groups."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/ghana/": {"t": "Ghana", "s": "First Sub-Saharan African colony to achieve sovereignty."}, "https://codexery.com/capital-cities-of-africa/e/capital-cities-of-africa/accra/": {"t": "Accra", "s": "Capital of Ghana, on the Gulf of Guinea"}, "https://codexery.com/former-empires/e/former-empires/asante-empire/": {"t": "Asante Empire", "s": "Akan state known for its military, wealth, and complex bureaucracy."}, "https://codexery.com/common-plants-and-crops/e/common-plants-and-crops/plum/": {"t": "Plum", "s": "Plums are an ancient domesticated fruit, dried as prunes."}, "https://codexery.com/geomorphology/e/geomorphology/ridge/": {"t": "Ridge", "s": "Elevated landform with steep sides and narrow crest."}, "https://codexery.com/colonialism-and-exploration/e/colonialism-and-exploration/gold-coast-region/": {"t": "Gold Coast (region)", "s": "West African region rich in gold, now the nation of Ghana."}, "https://codexery.com/textile-production/e/textile-production/textile/": {"t": "Textile", "s": "Fibre-based materials from clothing to geotextiles."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/cocoa-bean/": {"t": "Cocoa bean", "s": "The dried and fermented seed of Theobroma cacao, source of chocolate and cocoa products."}, "https://codexery.com/international-relations-and-concepts/e/international-relations-and-concepts/hinterland/": {"t": "Hinterland", "s": "The inland region economically tied to a port or city."}, "https://codexery.com/economics-and-business/e/economics-and-business/service-economics/": {"t": "Service (economics)", "s": "Intangible acts performed for value, consumed at delivery."}, "https://codexery.com/coastal-and-fluvial-geomorphology/e/coastal-and-fluvial-geomorphology/barrier-island/": {"t": "Barrier island", "s": "Barrier islands are dynamic sand islands parallel to coastlines."}, "/e/cities-and-settlements/ibadan/": {"t": "Ibadan", "s": "Capital of Oyo State and historic military republic."}, "https://codexery.com/transportation-engineering/e/transportation-engineering/airline/": {"t": "Airline", "s": "Companies providing regular air transport for passengers or freight."}, "https://codexery.com/corporations/e/corporations/microsoft/": {"t": "Microsoft", "s": "The largest software company by revenue and one of the most valuable brands globally.", "i": "https://codexery.com/corporations/img/corporations/microsoft.webp", "c": "3aFW · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/global-world-music-stars/e/global-and-world-music-stars/wizkid/": {"t": "Wizkid", "s": "Nigerian Afrobeats star who broke global records with 'One Dance' and 'Essence'."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/james-brown/": {"t": "James Brown", "s": "The Godfather of Soul and pioneer of funk music."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/spanish-language/": {"t": "Spanish language", "s": "A global Romance language originating in the Kingdom of Castile."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-scripts-of-africa/e/languages-and-scripts-of-africa/yoruba-language/": {"t": "Yoruba language", "s": "A major West African language with a rich dialect continuum and diaspora liturgical use."}, "https://codexery.com/government-public-administration/e/government-and-public-administration/municipality/": {"t": "Municipality", "s": "A general-purpose administrative subdivision with self-government powers."}}