{"/e/chinese-martial-arts/baguazhang/": {"t": "Baguazhang", "s": "A Wudang internal art based on circle walking and eight trigrams."}, "/e/chinese-martial-arts/changquan/": {"t": "Changquan", "s": "Northern Chinese external martial art known for acrobatic kicks."}, "/e/chinese-martial-arts/chaquan/": {"t": "Chaquan", "s": "A Northern Chinese martial art with graceful, acrobatic movements and diverse weapons."}, "/e/chinese-martial-arts/chuojiao/": {"t": "Chuojiao", "s": "A northern Chinese martial art emphasizing kicks and continuous forward strikes."}, "/e/chinese-martial-arts/eagle-claw/": {"t": "Eagle Claw", "s": "A Chinese grappling style known for eagle-like hand techniques."}, "/e/chinese-martial-arts/hakkesho/": {"t": "Hakkesho", "s": "A Wudang internal art based on eight trigrams."}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-games/e/sports-and-games/chinese-martial-arts/": {"t": "Chinese martial arts", "s": "Multiple fighting styles developed over centuries in Greater China."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/ming-dynasty/": {"t": "Ming dynasty", "s": "The last Han-led imperial dynasty of China."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-the-world/e/rivers-of-the-world/yangtze/": {"t": "Yangtze", "s": "Longest river in China, third-longest in the world."}, "/e/chinese-martial-arts/five-ancestors/": {"t": "Five Ancestors", "s": "A Southern Chinese martial art blending five styles with lethal pressure-point strikes."}, "https://codexery.com/national-parks-of-china/e/national-parks-of-china/mount-hua/": {"t": "Mount Hua", "s": "Western Mountain of China's Five Great Mountains."}, "https://codexery.com/national-parks-of-china/e/national-parks-of-china/mount-emei/": {"t": "Mount Emei", "s": "Highest of China's Four Sacred Buddhist Mountains, home to Samantabhadra."}, "https://codexery.com/landforms-and-regions/e/landforms-and-regions/kunlun-mountains/": {"t": "Kunlun Mountains", "s": "A vast Asian mountain chain on the northern rim of the Tibetan Plateau, central to Chinese myth.", "i": "https://codexery.com/landforms-and-regions/img/landforms-and-regions/kunlun-mountains.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Kunlun Mountains · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/beijing/": {"t": "Beijing", "s": "The world's most populous national capital, blending millennia of history with cutting-edge innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/tianjin/": {"t": "Tianjin", "s": "A dual-core port city on the Hai River and Bohai Gulf."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/shanghai/": {"t": "Shanghai", "s": "China's most populous city and a global hub for finance and innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/e/pre-columbian-empires/qing-dynasty/": {"t": "Qing dynasty", "s": "The Qing dynasty, also called the Great Qing or Qing China, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty that ruled from 1636 or 1644 until 1912."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions/e/buddhist-traditions/chinese-buddhism/": {"t": "Chinese Buddhism", "s": "Sinicized Mahayana Buddhism, largest religion in mainland China."}, "https://codexery.com/hindu-and-buddhist-terms/e/hindu-and-buddhist-terms/buddhist-philosophy/": {"t": "Buddhist philosophy", "s": "Ancient Indian system combining rational inquiry and meditation for liberation."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions/e/buddhist-traditions/buddhist-meditation/": {"t": "Buddhist meditation", "s": "Buddhist meditation is the practice of mental development and meditative absorption."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions/e/buddhist-traditions/chan-buddhism/": {"t": "Chan Buddhism", "s": "A Mahāyāna tradition emphasizing meditation and direct insight into Buddha-nature."}, "https://codexery.com/eastern-religions-and-philosophies/e/eastern-religions-and-philosophies/taoist-philosophy/": {"t": "Taoist philosophy", "s": "A Chinese philosophical tradition centered on harmony with the Dào."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/yue-fei/": {"t": "Yue Fei", "s": "Patriotic general of the Song dynasty, executed under a frameup in 1142.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/leaders/yue-fei.webp", "c": "Unknown authorUnknown author · via Wikipedia: Yue Fei · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-l/e/cities-starting-with-l/lanzhou/": {"t": "Lanzhou", "s": "Capital of Gansu and gateway to the Silk Road."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/han-dynasty/": {"t": "Han dynasty", "s": "The golden age that shaped Chinese identity."}, "https://codexery.com/pioneers-of-medicine/e/pioneers-of-medicine/hua-tuo/": {"t": "Hua Tuo", "s": "Pioneer of anaesthesia and surgery in ancient China", "i": "https://codexery.com/pioneers-of-medicine/img/pioneers-of-medicine/hua-tuo.webp", "c": "Windmemories · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/chinese-martial-arts/deer-horn-knives/": {"t": "Deer horn knives", "s": "Paired crescent blades used in Baguazhang for trapping and disarming."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-classical-texts/e/ancient-and-classical-texts/i-ching/": {"t": "I Ching", "s": "Ancient Chinese divination text and classic of changes.", "i": "https://codexery.com/ancient-classical-texts/img/ancient-and-classical-texts/i-ching.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: I Ching · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/revolutions-and-uprisings/boxer-rebellion/": {"t": "Boxer Rebellion", "s": "An anti-foreign, anti-imperialist, and anti-Christian uprising in North China (1899–1901) by the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists, defeated by the Eigh", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/img/revolutions-and-uprisings/boxer-rebellion.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Boxer Rebellion · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/mythological-legendary-figures/e/mythological-and-legendary-figures/nezha/": {"t": "Nezha", "s": "Protection deity reborn from lotus, slayer of dragons."}, "/e/chinese-martial-arts/gun-staff/": {"t": "Gun (staff)", "s": "A long staff weapon, one of the four major Chinese martial arts arms."}, "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics/e/classical-mechanics/centripetal-force/": {"t": "Centripetal force", "s": "Force that makes a body follow a curved path.", "i": "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics/img/classical-mechanics/centripetal-force.webp", "c": "User:Tomia · CC BY 2.5"}, "https://codexery.com/healing/e/healing/qigong/": {"t": "Qigong", "s": "Cultivate and balance life energy through coordinated movement, breath, and meditation."}, "/e/chinese-martial-arts/feng-shou/": {"t": "Feng Shou", "s": "A soft style taught by Chee Soo, with disputed origins."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/modern-metropolis/hong-kong/": {"t": "Hong Kong", "s": "Asia's world city, a global financial hub."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/singapore/": {"t": "Singapore", "s": "The Lion City, a global hub of trade and finance."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/england/": {"t": "England", "s": "Land of the Angles, birthplace of football and the Industrial Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/culture/london/": {"t": "London", "s": "A global city on the Thames, London blends nearly 2,000 years of history with a vibrant, multicultural present."}, "/e/chinese-martial-arts/styles-of-chinese-martial-arts/": {"t": "Styles of Chinese martial arts", "s": "A diverse array of Chinese martial arts styles classified by geography, focus, religion, and history."}, "https://codexery.com/martial-arts-techniques/e/martial-arts-techniques/540-kick/": {"t": "540 kick", "s": "A jump kick with a 540-degree rotation, defined by using the same leg for takeoff, kick, and landing.", "i": "https://codexery.com/martial-arts-techniques/img/martial-arts-techniques/540-kick.webp", "c": "Voltmetro · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/martial-arts-techniques/e/martial-arts-techniques/butterfly-kick/": {"t": "Butterfly kick", "s": "A jumping kick that combines grace and power, used in martial arts and performing arts worldwide.", "i": "https://codexery.com/martial-arts-techniques/img/martial-arts-techniques/butterfly-kick.webp", "c": "Alvesgaspar · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/martial-arts-techniques/e/martial-arts-techniques/aerial-cartwheel/": {"t": "Aerial cartwheel", "s": "An acrobatic cartwheel performed without hand support, using leg momentum.", "i": "https://codexery.com/martial-arts-techniques/img/martial-arts-techniques/aerial-cartwheel.webp", "c": "United States. Soil Conservation Service · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires-rulers/e/ancient-empires-rulers/emperor-taizu-of-song/": {"t": "Emperor Taizu of Song", "s": "Founding emperor of the Song dynasty who reunified most of China."}, "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/e/pre-columbian-empires/song-dynasty/": {"t": "Song dynasty", "s": "Chinese dynasty that pioneered paper money and gunpowder weapons.", "i": "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/img/pre-columbian-empires/song-dynasty.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Song dynasty · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/chiang-kai-shek/": {"t": "Chiang Kai-shek", "s": "Chinese military commander, revolutionary, and statesman; President of the Republic of China from 1948 to 1975."}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/second-sino-japanese-war/": {"t": "Second Sino-Japanese War", "s": "Largest Asian war of the 20th century, intertwined with World War II.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/wars-and-conflicts/second-sino-japanese-war.webp", "c": "Unknown photographer, Ministry of the Navy · via Wikipedia: Second Sino-Japanese War · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-history/e/chinese-history/republic-of-china-1912-1949/": {"t": "Republic of China (1912–1949)", "s": "First Chinese republic, ruled mainland until 1949."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutionary-leaders-icons/e/revolutionary-leaders-and-icons/sun-yat-sen/": {"t": "Sun Yat-sen", "s": "Founder of the Republic of China and the Kuomintang."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/zhou-dynasty/": {"t": "Zhou dynasty", "s": "Longest-reigning Chinese dynasty, spanning nearly eight centuries."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/confucius/": {"t": "Confucius", "s": "The paragon of Chinese sages and founder of Confucianism."}, "https://codexery.com/archery-gear-and-events/e/archery-gear-and-events/ky-d/": {"t": "Kyūdō", "s": "Japanese martial art of archery, rooted in samurai tradition."}, "https://codexery.com/archery/e/archery/mounted-archery/": {"t": "Mounted archery", "s": "Shooting arrows from horseback, a defining skill of Eurasian nomads."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/xiongnu/": {"t": "Xiongnu", "s": "Nomadic confederation that dominated the eastern Eurasian Steppe from the 3rd century BC to the late 1st century AD."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/yuan-dynasty/": {"t": "Yuan dynasty", "s": "Mongol-led dynasty that ruled all of China proper."}, "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/e/pre-columbian-empires/tang-dynasty/": {"t": "Tang dynasty", "s": "The Tang dynasty governed China from 618 to 907, with a break between 690 and 705.", "i": "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/img/pre-columbian-empires/tang-dynasty.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Tang dynasty · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-history/e/chinese-history/imperial-examination/": {"t": "Imperial examination", "s": "The imperial examination was a civil service examination system in Imperial China, selecting bureaucrats by merit from the Sui dynasty until its abolition in 19", "i": "https://codexery.com/chinese-history/img/chinese-history/imperial-examination.webp", "c": "Francisco Anzola · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/sports-athletics/e/sports-and-athletics/equestrianism/": {"t": "Equestrianism", "s": "Horse riding spans work, sport, therapy, and tradition worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/yongle-emperor/": {"t": "Yongle Emperor", "s": "Third emperor of the Ming dynasty, known for moving the capital to Beijing and sponsoring the Yongle Encyclopedia."}, "https://codexery.com/monarchs-and-rulers-of-asia/e/monarchs-and-rulers-of-asia/zhengde-emperor/": {"t": "Zhengde Emperor", "s": "Ming emperor who favored eunuchs and rejected Confucian orthodoxy.", "i": "https://codexery.com/monarchs-and-rulers-of-asia/img/monarchs-and-rulers-of-asia/zhengde-emperor.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Zhengde Emperor · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/second-world-war/": {"t": "Second World War", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Axis, deadliest in history."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/revolutions-and-uprisings/cultural-revolution/": {"t": "Cultural Revolution", "s": "A sociopolitical movement launched by Mao Zedong from 1966 to 1976.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/img/revolutions-and-uprisings/cultural-revolution.webp", "c": "闫恩铭／Enming Yan · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/archery/e/archery/bow-draw/": {"t": "Bow draw", "s": "Technique of pulling the bowstring to store energy for shooting an arrow."}, "https://codexery.com/materials/e/materials/fiberglass/": {"t": "Fiberglass", "s": "A versatile composite material of glass fiber and plastic matrix."}, "https://codexery.com/materials/e/materials/carbon-fiber-reinforced-polymer/": {"t": "Carbon fiber reinforced polymer", "s": "Composite material with carbon fiber reinforcement for high strength and stiffness."}, "https://codexery.com/archery/e/archery/laminated-bow/": {"t": "Laminated bow", "s": "A bow made by laminating materials into the stave."}, "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/e/pre-columbian-empires/shang-dynasty/": {"t": "Shang dynasty", "s": "Earliest Chinese dynasty confirmed by archaeology and written records."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/revolutions-and-conflicts/taiping-rebellion/": {"t": "Taiping Rebellion", "s": "A 14-year civil war that devastated Qing China."}, "/e/chinese-martial-arts/fanziquan/": {"t": "Fanziquan", "s": "A fast, hand-focused Chinese martial art with short routines."}, "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/e/states-and-regions/shandong/": {"t": "Shandong", "s": "Coastal province, cradle of Confucianism and Taoism."}, "https://codexery.com/performance-voice/e/performance-and-voice/acrobatics/": {"t": "Acrobatics", "s": "Human feats of balance, agility, and coordination across cultures."}, "https://codexery.com/novels-and-epics/e/novels-and-epics/journey-to-the-west/": {"t": "Journey to the West", "s": "A 16th-century Chinese novel blending fantasy, religion, and satire."}, "https://codexery.com/eastern-religions-and-philosophies/e/eastern-religions-and-philosophies/buddhahood/": {"t": "Buddhahood", "s": "The state of an awakened being who has attained Nirvāṇa."}, "/e/chinese-martial-arts/chin-woo-athletic-association/": {"t": "Chin Woo Athletic Association", "s": "International martial arts organization founded in Shanghai in 1910."}, "https://codexery.com/martial-arts-terminology/e/martial-arts-terminology/pressure-point/": {"t": "Pressure point", "s": "Sensitive body areas manipulated for pain or other effects."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/jin-dynasty-1115-1234/": {"t": "Jin dynasty (1115–1234)", "s": "The Jurchen-led Great Jin: gold, empire, and the first Chinese dynasty known in Europe."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/nanjing/": {"t": "Nanjing", "s": "Southern Capital on the Yangtze"}, "/e/chinese-martial-arts/chan-kam-lee/": {"t": "Chan Kam Lee", "s": "Taoist arts teacher who brought Lee-style tai chi to London."}, "https://codexery.com/martial-arts-terminology/e/martial-arts-terminology/hard-and-soft-techniques/": {"t": "Hard and soft techniques", "s": "Hard meets force; soft redirects it."}, "/e/chinese-martial-arts/chee-kim-thong/": {"t": "Chee Kim Thong", "s": "Shaolin grandmaster, guerrilla leader, and healer."}, "https://codexery.com/taoist-deities/e/taoist-deities/jiutian-xuann/": {"t": "Jiutian Xuannü", "s": "Goddess of war, sex, and longevity in Chinese mythology."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/spain/": {"t": "Spain", "s": "A country spanning the Iberian Peninsula, with a history from Roman Hispania to a modern constitutional monarchy."}, "https://codexery.com/russian-federal-subjects/e/russian-federal-subjects/dagestan/": {"t": "Dagestan", "s": "Land of the Mountains"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/soviet-union/": {"t": "Soviet Union", "s": "The world's flagship communist state and a superpower spanning Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-emperors-and-leaders/e/chinese-emperors-and-leaders/emperor-xiaowen-of-northern-wei/": {"t": "Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei", "s": "Emperor who sinicized the Northern Wei and reformed land tenure."}, "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/e/pre-columbian-empires/sui-dynasty/": {"t": "Sui dynasty", "s": "Brief dynasty that reunified China and shaped the Tang golden age.", "i": "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/img/pre-columbian-empires/sui-dynasty.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Sui dynasty · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/human-anatomy/e/human-anatomy/hand/": {"t": "Hand", "s": "A prehensile appendage with opposable thumbs found in primates."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-l/e/cities-starting-with-l/luoyang/": {"t": "Luoyang", "s": "Ancient capital on the Luo River, cradle of Chinese civilization."}, "https://codexery.com/british-religious-television-series/e/british-religious-television-series/extreme-pilgrim/": {"t": "Extreme Pilgrim", "s": "An Anglican vicar explores global spiritual practices."}, "https://codexery.com/writing-systems/e/writing-systems/alphabet/": {"t": "Alphabet", "s": "A writing system where letters represent phonemes.", "i": "https://codexery.com/writing-systems/img/writing-systems/alphabet.webp", "c": "MS Sakib · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/chinese-martial-arts/animal-styles-in-chinese-martial-arts/": {"t": "Animal styles in Chinese martial arts", "s": "Martial arts mimicking animal movements, notably in Southern Chinese styles."}}