Otto Heinrich Warburg
German physiologist who won the 1931 Nobel Prize for work on the respiratory enzyme.
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Otto Heinrich Warburg was a German physiologist and Nobel laureate born in 1883 in Freiburg im Breisgau.[1][2]
Key facts and history
He then earned a medical degree in Heidelberg in 1911 under Ludolf von Krehl.[3] His father, Emil Warburg, was a celebrated physicist who had worked with Albert Einstein.[4] Warburg lived with his companion Jacob Heiss for 50 years.[5] Warburg's research showed that lactic acid is produced in large amounts by animal tumors.[6]
Throughout his professional life, Warburg received 48 nominations for the Nobel Prize.[1] After making statements that were critical of the Nazi regime in 1941, Warburg temporarily lost his position; however, he was able to restart his research within a few weeks due to a direct instruction from Hitler's Chancellery.[7] In 1970, Warburg's death resulted from a pulmonary embolism.[8]
What the research sources say
The HistoryExtra account states that Warburg enjoyed Nazi protection and a comfortable life in Berlin while millions of other Europeans with Jewish heritage were being killed.[4] According to the same source, SS leader Heinrich Himmler's diary shows he met with Brack to discuss Warburg on 21 June 1941.[4] The HistoryExtra article reports that Brack gave Warburg only one condition: he would have to focus all his efforts on cancer research.[4] Warburg was convinced that Hitler's fear of cancer ultimately saved him, and he was likely correct.[4]
The Nazis allowed Warburg to relocate to a country mansion when bombs fell near his institute in Dahlem.[4]
References
- Wikipedia, "Otto Heinrich Warburg" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Krebs, "Otto Heinrich Warburg 1883-1970", Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society, 1972, p. 628–699; "Otto Warburg", NobelPrize.org; "Nomination Archive, Otto H Warburg", NobelPrize.org (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Otto Heinrich Warburg" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Weisz, "Dr. Otto heinrich warburg-survivor of ethical storms", Rambam Maimonides Med J, 2015, p. e0008 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Otto Heinrich Warburg" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Warburg, "Prefatory Chapter", Annual Review of Biochemistry, June 1964, p. 1–15 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- "Otto Warburg: the Jewish doctor and the Nazi war on cancer", HistoryExtra, October 8, 2021. facts only, no text reused. historyextra.com
- Wikipedia, "Otto Heinrich Warburg" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Apple, "Ravenous: a Jewish scientist in Nazi Germany and the search for the cancer-diet connection", Liveright Publishing Corp., 2022 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Otto Heinrich Warburg" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Otto Warburg", NobelPrize.org; Parks, "Lactate and Acidity in the Cancer Microenvironment", Annual Review of Cancer Biology, 2020, p. 141–158; "Nomination Archive, Otto H Warburg", NobelPrize.org (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Otto Heinrich Warburg" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Reinhard Rürup, unter Mitwirkung von Michael Schüring: Schicksale und Karrieren: Gedenkbuch für die von den Nationalsozialisten aus der Kaiser Wilhelm Gesellsch (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Otto Heinrich Warburg" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Weisz, "suffered a broken femur, complicated by deep vein thrombosis, and in 1970, Otto Heinrich Warburg died from a pulmonary embolism; from Google (otto warburg died) result 3", Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal, 2015, (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Otto Heinrich Warburg (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.
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Sources
Compiled from Wikipedia and the sources listed below. Text from Wikipedia is available under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is adapted from it.
- Wikipedia: Otto Heinrich Warburg (CC BY-SA 4.0).
- Word definitions: the , each quoted from its Wikipedia article.
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