Tomb of the Reliefs

Description

The tomb belonged to the Matuna family, as indicated by inscriptions inside the chamber. A steeply descending stepped dromos leads into the rectangular chamber. A raised platform in the center of the room is divided by low ledges into 32 spaces for depositing the dead. Above these, 12 oblong niches carved into the walls provided additional burial space; these niches are modeled after beds with stucco pillows.

The central niche in the rear wall is deeper, allowing a deceased couple to be placed side by side. Below this niche are reliefs of Kerberos and an unidentified underworld demon with a fish tail, wielding a rudder and a serpent. Two damaged busts on the flanking pilasters may depict the divinities Aita and Persipnei. The walls and two freestanding pilasters are decorated with stucco reliefs of household items, pets, and other animals.

Some objects, such as an ivory folding chair, horns, and a lituus, symbolize the Matuna family's power as magistrates, while helmets, armor, shields, and weapons display their martial prowess. The decorations give a realistic impression of an Etruscan house interior, with items hung on walls since cupboards were unknown. The only piece of furniture is a chest at the foot of the central niche, possibly used for storing valuables; folded material on top may depict linen used for writing, such as religious texts or family records.