{"/e/castles-and-forts-in-georgia/shaori-fortress/": {"t": "Shaori fortress", "s": "Prehistoric cyclopean hillfort on Mount Shaori in Georgia."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/georgia-country/": {"t": "Georgia (country)", "s": "A country at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, with ancient winemaking traditions and a pro-Western trajectory."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-mythology/e/greek-mythology/cyclopean-masonry/": {"t": "Cyclopean masonry", "s": "Massive stonework named after the mythical Cyclopes."}, "https://codexery.com/geology-and-landforms/e/geology-and-landforms/basalt/": {"t": "Basalt", "s": "Fine-grained volcanic rock covering most of Earth's surface.", "i": "https://codexery.com/geology-and-landforms/img/geology-and-landforms/basalt.webp", "c": "Tony Hisgett from Birmingham, UK · CC BY 2.0"}, "/e/castles-and-forts-in-georgia/avranlo-fortress/": {"t": "Avranlo fortress", "s": "Megalithic cyclopean fortress in Kvemo Kartli, Georgia."}, "https://codexery.com/former-empires/e/former-empires/kingdom-of-georgia/": {"t": "Kingdom of Georgia", "s": "Medieval Christian empire spanning the Caucasus and beyond."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-cultural-concepts/e/historical-and-cultural-concepts/emir/": {"t": "Emir", "s": "Arabic title for commander, prince, or monarch."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-tentative-list/e/world-heritage-tentative-list/vardzia/": {"t": "Vardzia", "s": "Cave monastery site in southern Georgia from the twelfth century."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/russian-empire/": {"t": "Russian Empire", "s": "Third-largest empire in history, spanning northern Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/world-wonders/e/world-wonders/hagia-sophia/": {"t": "Hagia Sophia", "s": "Justinian's great domed church in Istanbul: cathedral, mosque, museum and mosque again.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-wonders/img/world-wonders/hagia-sophia.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Hagia Sophia · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/black-sea/": {"t": "Black Sea", "s": "Marginal sea between Europe and Asia with anoxic deep waters.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/black-sea.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Black Sea · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/soviet-union/": {"t": "Soviet Union", "s": "The world's flagship communist state and a superpower spanning Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/violence-conflict/e/violence-and-conflict/genocide/": {"t": "Genocide", "s": "The intentional destruction of a human group, in whole or in part.", "i": "https://codexery.com/violence-conflict/img/violence-and-conflict/genocide.webp", "c": "Aleksey Chalabyan (a.k.a. Xelgen) · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/russian-federal-subjects/e/russian-federal-subjects/kabardino-balkaria/": {"t": "Kabardino-Balkaria", "s": "Home of Mount Elbrus, Europe's highest peak, in the North Caucasus."}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-cities/e/miscellaneous-cities/batumi/": {"t": "Batumi", "s": "Second-largest city of Georgia and key Black Sea port."}, "https://codexery.com/mountain-ranges-and-massifs/e/mountain-ranges-and-massifs/caucasus-mountains/": {"t": "Caucasus Mountains", "s": "Mountain range at the Asia-Europe border, home to Europe's highest peak."}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/e/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/ichthys/": {"t": "Ichthys", "s": "Early Christian symbol of two intersecting arcs resembling a fish."}, "https://codexery.com/physical-geography-elevation/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/height-above-mean-sea-level/": {"t": "Height above mean sea level", "s": "Vertical distance referenced to historic mean sea level.", "i": "https://codexery.com/physical-geography-elevation/img/physical-geography-and-elevation/height-above-mean-sea-level.webp", "c": "NASA/JPL-Caltech · Public domain"}, "/e/castles-and-forts-in-georgia/abuli-fortress/": {"t": "Abuli fortress", "s": "Bronze Age cyclopean hillfort in the Lesser Caucasus mountains."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-tentative-list/e/world-heritage-tentative-list/alaverdi-monastery/": {"t": "Alaverdi Monastery", "s": "One of the four Great Cathedrals of the Georgian Orthodox world."}, "https://codexery.com/geology-earth-surface/e/geology-and-earth-surface/sandstone/": {"t": "Sandstone", "s": "Clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized silicate grains.", "i": "https://codexery.com/geology-earth-surface/img/geology-and-earth-surface/sandstone.webp", "c": "Douglas W. Jones · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-an/e/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-and-beyond/david-iv/": {"t": "David IV", "s": "King of Georgia who drove out Seljuk Turks and reunified the realm."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/constantine-the-great/": {"t": "Constantine the Great", "s": "First Roman emperor to convert to Christianity."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/historical-eras/late-antiquity/": {"t": "Late antiquity", "s": "Period of transformation from classical antiquity to medieval worlds."}, "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/e/pre-columbian-empires/sasanian-empire/": {"t": "Sasanian Empire", "s": "Iranian empire lasting from 224 to 651 AD.", "i": "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/img/pre-columbian-empires/sasanian-empire.webp", "c": "Original file by Ro4444, edited by me · via Wikipedia: Sasanian Empire · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/russian-federal-subjects/e/russian-federal-subjects/dagestan/": {"t": "Dagestan", "s": "Land of the Mountains"}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/roman-empire/": {"t": "Roman Empire", "s": "Medieval and early modern empire claiming direct Roman succession, dissolved in 1806."}, "https://codexery.com/dragons/e/dragons/margaret-the-virgin/": {"t": "Margaret the Virgin", "s": "Christian virgin martyr associated with a dragon and powerful indulgences."}, "https://codexery.com/swiss-folklore/e/swiss-folklore/samichlaus/": {"t": "Samichlaus", "s": "Early Christian bishop whose gift-giving legend inspired Santa Claus."}, "https://codexery.com/national-cultures-and-ethnic-groups/e/national-cultures-and-ethnic-groups/dutch-people/": {"t": "Dutch people", "s": "Ethnic group native to the Netherlands, with global diaspora."}, "https://codexery.com/architectural-styles-and-elements/e/architectural-styles-and-elements/ruins/": {"t": "Ruins", "s": "Remains of architecture fallen into partial or total disrepair.", "i": "https://codexery.com/architectural-styles-and-elements/img/architectural-styles-and-elements/ruins.webp", "c": "Chris Adams · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/alexander-the-great/": {"t": "Alexander the Great", "s": "King of Macedon who created a vast empire from Greece to India."}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/mongols/": {"t": "Mongols", "s": "East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia and parts of China and Siberia."}, "https://codexery.com/emperors-of-the-byzantine-and-roman-worl/e/emperors-of-the-byzantine-and-roman-world/constantine-viii/": {"t": "Constantine VIII", "s": "Longest-reigning de jure Byzantine emperor, whose sole rule saw decline.", "i": "https://codexery.com/emperors-of-the-byzantine-and-roman-worl/img/emperors-of-the-byzantine-and-roman-world/constantine-viii.webp", "c": "Jaqeli · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/castle-architecture/e/castle-architecture/battlement/": {"t": "Battlement", "s": "A parapet with gaps for defense and a symbol of status.", "i": "https://codexery.com/castle-architecture/img/castle-architecture/battlement.webp", "c": "Werner Richner · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/castle-architecture/e/castle-architecture/embrasure/": {"t": "Embrasure", "s": "Opening in fortifications for firing weapons while remaining under cover."}, "https://codexery.com/geology-earth-surface/e/geology-and-earth-surface/schist/": {"t": "Schist", "s": "Medium-grained metamorphic rock with pronounced schistosity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/geology-earth-surface/img/geology-and-earth-surface/schist.webp", "c": "James St. John · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/geometry-and-shapes/e/geometry-and-shapes/polygon/": {"t": "Polygon", "s": "A plane figure of connected line segments forming a closed chain."}, "https://codexery.com/russian-federal-subjects/e/russian-federal-subjects/chechnya/": {"t": "Chechnya", "s": "A republic of Russia in the North Caucasus, home to the Chechen people."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/justinian-i/": {"t": "Justinian I", "s": "Roman emperor who codified Roman law and reconquered lost territories."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/procopius/": {"t": "Procopius", "s": "Principal historian of the 6th century, chronicler of Justinian's wars and scandals."}, "https://codexery.com/castle-architecture/e/castle-architecture/castle-chapel/": {"t": "Castle chapel", "s": "Chapels built within castles for religious and symbolic purposes.", "i": "https://codexery.com/castle-architecture/img/castle-architecture/castle-chapel.webp", "c": "DimiTalen · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/castle-architecture/e/castle-architecture/curtain-wall-fortification/": {"t": "Curtain wall (fortification)", "s": "Defensive wall between fortified towers or bastions."}, "https://codexery.com/castle-architecture/e/castle-architecture/buttress/": {"t": "Buttress", "s": "Architectural structure built against or projecting from a wall.", "i": "https://codexery.com/castle-architecture/img/castle-architecture/buttress.webp", "c": "Acroterion · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/scientists-and-mathematicians/e/scientists-and-mathematicians/pliny-the-elder/": {"t": "Pliny the Elder", "s": "Roman author and naturalist who wrote the encyclopedic Natural History and died rescuing others from Mount Vesuvius."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/achaemenid-empire/": {"t": "Achaemenid Empire", "s": "The largest empire of its time, founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC."}, "https://codexery.com/national-parks-of-georgia/e/national-parks-of-georgia/borjomi-kharagauli-national-park/": {"t": "Borjomi-Kharagauli National Park", "s": "A large protected area in Georgia's Lesser Caucasus."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/saint-petersburg/": {"t": "Saint Petersburg", "s": "Russia's cultural capital and historic window to Europe."}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/ecumenical-patriarchate-of-constantinople/": {"t": "Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople", "s": "First among equals in Eastern Orthodox Christianity."}}