{"https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/san-francisco/": {"t": "San Francisco", "s": "The City by the Bay, a center of liberal activism and innovation."}, "/e/great-bridges/verrazzano-narrows-bridge/": {"t": "Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge", "s": "Suspension bridge linking Staten Island and Brooklyn across the Narrows.", "i": "https://codexery.com/bridges/img/great-bridges/verrazzano-narrows-bridge.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Verrazzano–Narrows Bridge · see source"}, "/e/great-bridges/akashi-kaikyo-bridge/": {"t": "Akashi Kaikyo Bridge", "s": "The longest suspension bridge span in the world until 2022.", "i": "https://codexery.com/bridges/img/great-bridges/akashi-kaikyo-bridge.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Akashi Kaikyo Bridge · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/straits-and-channels/e/straits-and-channels/bering-strait/": {"t": "Bering Strait", "s": "Strait between Asia and North America, key to human migration theory."}, "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/e/manufacturing-and-materials/metallurgy/": {"t": "Metallurgy", "s": "The science and technology of metals and alloys."}, "https://codexery.com/business-magnates-and-industrialists/e/business-magnates-and-industrialists/amadeo-giannini/": {"t": "Amadeo Giannini", "s": "Founder of Bank of America, pioneer of modern banking for the middle class.", "i": "https://codexery.com/business-magnates-and-industrialists/img/business-magnates-and-industrialists/amadeo-giannini.webp", "c": "Pacific and Atlantic (Agence photographique). Agence photographique pour le docu · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/construction-materials/e/construction-and-materials/concrete/": {"t": "Concrete", "s": "Second-most-used substance after water; most-manufactured material worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/salt/": {"t": "Salt", "s": "Essential mineral, ancient seasoning, and cornerstone of preservation."}, "https://codexery.com/electrochemistry-and-surface-chemistry/e/electrochemistry-and-surface-chemistry/corrosion/": {"t": "Corrosion", "s": "Natural process converting refined metals into stable oxides.", "i": "https://codexery.com/electrochemistry-and-surface-chemistry/img/electrochemistry-and-surface-chemistry/corrosion.webp", "c": "Engr Hafiza Maida · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/franklin-d-roosevelt/": {"t": "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "s": "32nd US president who led the nation through the Great Depression and World War II."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/historical-events-and-places/september-11-attacks/": {"t": "September 11 attacks", "s": "Coordinated al-Qaeda suicide hijackings killed nearly 3,000 people."}, "https://codexery.com/telegraph-keys-and-codes/e/telegraph-keys-and-codes/heliograph/": {"t": "Heliograph", "s": "A solar telegraph using reflected sunlight for long-distance optical communication."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/new-york-city/": {"t": "New York City", "s": "The most populous city in the United States, a global center of finance, culture, and diplomacy."}, "https://codexery.com/architectural-styles-and-landmarks/e/architectural-styles-and-landmarks/gothic-revival-architecture/": {"t": "Gothic Revival architecture", "s": "A movement reviving medieval Gothic architecture in the 19th century."}, "https://codexery.com/architectural-styles-and-elements/e/architectural-styles-and-elements/renaissance-architecture/": {"t": "Renaissance architecture", "s": "Revival of classical Greek and Roman architectural principles.", "i": "https://codexery.com/architectural-styles-and-elements/img/architectural-styles-and-elements/renaissance-architecture.webp", "c": "Txllxt TxllxT · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-games/e/sports-and-games/skateboarding/": {"t": "Skateboarding", "s": "Action sport originating in the United States, now an Olympic event."}, "https://codexery.com/units-measurement/e/units-and-measurement/watt/": {"t": "Watt", "s": "Scottish inventor whose steam engine powered the Industrial Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/revolutions-and-conflicts/world-war-i/": {"t": "World War I", "s": "The First World War, a global conflict from 1914 to 1918, was fought between the Allied and Central Powers."}, "https://codexery.com/geology/e/geology/granite/": {"t": "Granite", "s": "A coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock composed mostly of quartz, alkali feldspar, mica, and plagioclase.", "i": "https://codexery.com/geology/img/geology/granite.webp", "c": "Giles Laurent · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/canals-and-waterways/e/canals-and-waterways/suez-canal/": {"t": "Suez Canal", "s": "Artificial waterway connecting the Mediterranean and Red Seas."}, "https://codexery.com/effects-of-external-causes/e/effects-of-external-causes/decompression-sickness/": {"t": "Decompression sickness", "s": "Decompression sickness is caused by gas bubbles forming in body tissues.", "i": "https://codexery.com/effects-of-external-causes/img/effects-of-external-causes/decompression-sickness.webp", "c": "玄史生 · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/egyptian-inventions/e/egyptian-inventions/pulley/": {"t": "Pulley", "s": "A simple machine that changes direction or transmits power via a wheel."}, "https://codexery.com/indian-inventions/e/indian-inventions/crucible-steel/": {"t": "Crucible steel", "s": "Crucible steel enabled high-quality steel before industrial furnaces."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-europe/e/rivers-of-europe/river-thames/": {"t": "River Thames", "s": "Longest river entirely in England, flowing through London."}, "https://codexery.com/castles/e/castles/the-tower-of-london/": {"t": "The Tower of London", "s": "A historic citadel and castle on the north bank of the River Thames, founded in 1066."}, "/e/great-bridges/london-bridge/": {"t": "London Bridge", "s": "A series of Thames crossings since Roman times.", "i": "https://codexery.com/bridges/img/great-bridges/london-bridge.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: London Bridge · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/culture/london/": {"t": "London", "s": "A global city on the Thames, London blends nearly 2,000 years of history with a vibrant, multicultural present."}, "https://codexery.com/royalty-and-heads-of-state/e/royalty-and-heads-of-state/edward-vii/": {"t": "Edward VII", "s": "King of the United Kingdom and Emperor of India from 1901 to 1910.", "i": "https://codexery.com/royalty-and-heads-of-state/img/royalty-and-heads-of-state/edward-vii.webp", "c": "Author (artist) unknown (work was published in 1888) · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/weapon-designers/e/weapon-designers/william-armstrong-1st-baron-armstrong/": {"t": "William Armstrong, 1st Baron Armstrong", "s": "English engineer and industrialist who invented modern artillery.", "i": "https://codexery.com/weapon-designers/img/weapon-designers/william-armstrong-1st-baron-armstrong.webp", "c": "WJ Worsups, Rothbury · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/european-statesmen-prime-ministers/e/part-1/h-h-asquith/": {"t": "H. H. Asquith", "s": "British Liberal prime minister who led the UK into World War I."}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-athletics/e/sports-and-athletics/paralympic-games/": {"t": "Paralympic Games", "s": "The Paralympic Games: celebrating athletic achievement, not disability."}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-inventions/e/indonesian-inventions/gong/": {"t": "Gong", "s": "A percussion instrument originating from Southeast Asia, with a history spanning over a millennium."}, "/e/great-bridges/the-iron-bridge/": {"t": "The Iron Bridge", "s": "The world's first major cast iron bridge, a symbol of the Industrial Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/alfred-hitchcock/": {"t": "Alfred Hitchcock", "s": "Master of Suspense"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/sydney/": {"t": "Sydney", "s": "The Harbour City, capital of New South Wales and Australia's largest city."}, "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics-and-dynamics/e/classical-mechanics-and-dynamics/stiffness/": {"t": "Stiffness", "s": "Measure of an object's resistance to deformation under force."}, "https://codexery.com/transportation-engineering/e/transportation-engineering/crane-machine/": {"t": "Crane (machine)", "s": "A machine for lifting and moving heavy objects using mechanical advantage.", "i": "https://codexery.com/transportation-engineering/img/transportation-engineering/crane-machine.webp", "c": "Wilfredo R. Rodriguez H. edited by Gregory David Harington · via Wikipedia: Crane (machine) · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/e/manufacturing-and-materials/masonry/": {"t": "Masonry", "s": "One of the oldest building crafts, using stone, brick, and mortar."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/second-world-war/": {"t": "Second World War", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Axis, deadliest in history."}, "https://codexery.com/scale-models-and-railroads/e/scale-models-and-railroads/diorama/": {"t": "Diorama", "s": "A three-dimensional replica of a scene, full-sized or miniature.", "i": "https://codexery.com/scale-models-and-railroads/img/scale-models-and-railroads/diorama.webp", "c": "Julan Shirwod Nueva · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/japanese-cities/e/japanese-cities/kobe/": {"t": "Kobe", "s": "Major Japanese port city and capital of Hyōgo Prefecture."}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/honshu/": {"t": "Honshu", "s": "Japan's largest and most populous main island"}, "https://codexery.com/islands-of-the-pacific/e/islands-of-the-pacific/awaji-island/": {"t": "Awaji Island", "s": "Largest island of the Seto Inland Sea, first created in Shinto myth.", "i": "https://codexery.com/islands-of-the-pacific/img/islands-of-the-pacific/awaji-island.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Awaji Island · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/seto-inland-sea/": {"t": "Seto Inland Sea", "s": "A marginal sea separating Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu, connecting the Pacific Ocean to the Sea of Japan."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism-and-waves/e/electromagnetism-and-waves/resonance/": {"t": "Resonance", "s": "Resonance amplifies vibrations when frequency matches a system's natural frequency."}, "https://codexery.com/national-cultures-and-ethnic-groups/e/national-cultures-and-ethnic-groups/english-people/": {"t": "English people", "s": "An ethnic group native to England, descended from Anglo-Saxons and Britons."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/spain/": {"t": "Spain", "s": "A country spanning the Iberian Peninsula, with a history from Roman Hispania to a modern constitutional monarchy."}, "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/e/governments-and-political-systems/government-of-france/": {"t": "Government of France", "s": "Executive power of the French Fifth Republic.", "i": "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/img/governments-and-political-systems/government-of-france.webp", "c": "Rsmn · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/gustave-eiffel/": {"t": "Gustave Eiffel", "s": "French civil engineer known for the Eiffel Tower and contributions to the Statue of Liberty."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/wallonia/": {"t": "Wallonia", "s": "A region of Belgium with a rich industrial history and a diversified modern economy."}, "https://codexery.com/french-regions/e/french-regions/languedoc/": {"t": "Languedoc", "s": "Former province of France, with no single capital and a complex history of integration."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/france/": {"t": "France", "s": "A global centre of art, science, cuisine and philosophy."}, "https://codexery.com/construction-and-engineering/e/construction-and-engineering/welding/": {"t": "Welding", "s": "A fabrication process joining materials through heat or pressure."}, "https://codexery.com/aircraft-components/e/aircraft-components/airfoil/": {"t": "Airfoil", "s": "A streamlined body generating more lift than drag."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/historical-eras/middle-ages/": {"t": "Middle Ages", "s": "The middle epoch between classical antiquity and the modern period.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/img/historical-eras/middle-ages.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Middle Ages · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/florence/": {"t": "Florence", "s": "Birthplace of the Renaissance and capital of Tuscany."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/hadrian/": {"t": "Hadrian", "s": "Roman emperor from 117 to 138, builder of Hadrian's Wall and a promoter of philhellenism."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/ancient-rome/": {"t": "Ancient Rome", "s": "Ancient Rome spanned from 753 BC to 476 AD."}, "https://codexery.com/visual-artists/e/visual-artists/giorgio-vasari/": {"t": "Giorgio Vasari", "s": "Italian Renaissance painter, architect, and biographer who wrote Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects.", "i": "https://codexery.com/visual-artists/img/visual-artists/giorgio-vasari.webp", "c": "Giorgio Vasari · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/leon-battista-alberti/": {"t": "Leon Battista Alberti", "s": "Renaissance polymath who shaped art, architecture, and cryptography.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/notable/leon-battista-alberti.webp", "c": "Leon Battista Alberti · via Wikipedia: Leon Battista Alberti · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/canals-and-waterways/e/canals-and-waterways/grand-canal-venice/": {"t": "Grand Canal (Venice)", "s": "Largest channel in Venice, lined with historic palaces."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/venice/": {"t": "Venice", "s": "The Floating City of Canals and History"}, "https://codexery.com/architects/e/architects/jacopo-sansovino/": {"t": "Jacopo Sansovino", "s": "Florentine sculptor and architect of the Italian Renaissance, master of Venetian Renaissance architecture.", "i": "https://codexery.com/architects/img/architects/jacopo-sansovino.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Jacopo Sansovino · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/architects/e/architects/giacomo-barozzi-da-vignola/": {"t": "Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola", "s": "Italian Mannerist architect, key figure in spreading Renaissance style.", "i": "https://codexery.com/architects/img/architects/giacomo-barozzi-da-vignola.webp", "c": "Warburg · via Wikipedia: Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/artists/michelangelo/": {"t": "Michelangelo", "s": "Italian High Renaissance sculptor, painter, architect, and poet.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/artists/michelangelo.webp", "c": "Attributed to Daniele da Volterra · via Wikipedia: Michelangelo · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/prague/": {"t": "Prague", "s": "City of a Hundred Spires"}, "https://codexery.com/architects-and-designers/e/architects-and-designers/peter-parler/": {"t": "Peter Parler", "s": "German-Bohemian architect and sculptor of St. Vitus Cathedral."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires-rulers/e/ancient-empires-rulers/charles-iv-holy-roman-emperor/": {"t": "Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor", "s": "Charles IV was born Wenceslaus in Prague on 14 May 1316, the eldest son of John of Bohemia and Queen Elizabeth."}, "https://codexery.com/castles/e/castles/prague-castle/": {"t": "Prague Castle", "s": "The largest ancient castle in the world, seat of Czech presidents."}, "https://codexery.com/music-genres-styles/e/music-genres-and-styles/baroque/": {"t": "Baroque", "s": "A Western artistic style flourishing from the early 1600s to 1750s."}, "https://codexery.com/great-collapses/e/great-collapses/the-thirty-years-war/": {"t": "The Thirty Years' War", "s": "A devastating Central European conflict driven by religion and dynastic rivalry."}, "https://codexery.com/catholic-saints-popes/e/catholic-saints-and-popes/ignatius-of-loyola/": {"t": "Ignatius of Loyola", "s": "Founder of the Jesuits, patron of spiritual retreats", "i": "https://codexery.com/catholic-saints-popes/img/catholic-saints-and-popes/ignatius-of-loyola.webp", "c": "Judgefloro · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/early-church-fathers-and-saints/e/early-church-fathers-and-saints/francis-xavier/": {"t": "Francis Xavier", "s": "Navarrese Jesuit co-founder and missionary who carried Christianity to India, the Maluku Islands and Japan.", "i": "https://codexery.com/early-church-fathers-and-saints/img/early-church-fathers-and-saints/francis-xavier.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Francis Xavier · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/danube/": {"t": "Danube", "s": "Europe's second-longest river, a historic frontier and trade route.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/danube.webp", "c": "Visions of Domino · via Wikipedia: Danube · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/hungary/": {"t": "Hungary", "s": "A landlocked Central European nation with a rich history, from the Kingdom of Hungary to EU membership."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-inventions/e/chinese-inventions/cast-iron/": {"t": "Cast iron", "s": "Iron-carbon alloy with >2% carbon, valued for castability."}, "https://codexery.com/european-religious-and-political-conflic/e/european-religious-and-political-conflicts/hungarian-revolution-of-1848/": {"t": "Hungarian Revolution of 1848", "s": "A pivotal 1848–49 war for Hungarian independence from Habsburg rule."}, "https://codexery.com/mystery-and-thriller-writers/e/mystery-and-thriller-writers/dan-brown/": {"t": "Dan Brown", "s": "American thriller writer known for Robert Langdon series.", "i": "https://codexery.com/mystery-and-thriller-writers/img/mystery-and-thriller-writers/dan-brown.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Dan Brown · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/pop-rock/e/pop-and-rock/katy-perry/": {"t": "Katy Perry", "s": "Pop star behind Teenage Dream, the only album by a woman with five U.S. number-one singles.", "i": "https://codexery.com/pop-rock/img/pop-and-rock/katy-perry.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Katy Perry · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/pop-music-duos/e/pop-music-duos/davichi/": {"t": "Davichi", "s": "South Korean duo known for R&B-influenced power ballads."}, "https://codexery.com/american-and-caribbean-leaders/e/american-and-caribbean-leaders/robert-borden/": {"t": "Robert Borden", "s": "Prime Minister of Canada during World War I, considered union with the West Indies.", "i": "https://codexery.com/american-and-caribbean-leaders/img/american-and-caribbean-leaders/robert-borden.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Canada–Caribbean relations · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/social-issues/e/social-issues/parliament-of-the-united-kingdom/": {"t": "Parliament of the United Kingdom", "s": "Supreme legislative body of the United Kingdom."}, "https://codexery.com/canals-and-waterways/e/canals-and-waterways/st-lawrence-seaway/": {"t": "St. Lawrence Seaway", "s": "Binational waterway linking the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes.", "i": "https://codexery.com/canals-and-waterways/img/canals-and-waterways/st-lawrence-seaway.webp", "c": "20px|link=User:Kcida10|Kcida10  Kcida10 (talk) (Uploads). · via Wikipedia: St. Lawrence Seaway · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/nova-scotia/": {"t": "Nova Scotia", "s": "Canada's most populous Atlantic province, rich in Mi'kmaq heritage and Scottish history."}, "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/e/manufacturing-and-materials/precast-concrete/": {"t": "Precast concrete", "s": "Concrete cast in reusable molds under controlled conditions.", "i": "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/img/manufacturing-and-materials/precast-concrete.webp", "c": "Asurnipal · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/great-bridges/the-oresund-bridge/": {"t": "The Oresund Bridge", "s": "Combined road and rail link connecting Denmark and Sweden.", "i": "https://codexery.com/bridges/img/great-bridges/the-oresund-bridge.webp", "c": "Ank Kumar · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/phantom-places-discovery/e/phantom-places-and-discovery/surveying/": {"t": "Surveying", "s": "Surveying determines positions for maps, boundaries, and construction."}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts/e/economic-concepts/gross-domestic-product/": {"t": "Gross domestic product", "s": "Monetary measure of total market value of final goods and services."}, "https://codexery.com/straits-channels-and-seas/e/straits-channels-and-seas/resund/": {"t": "Øresund", "s": "Strait linking the Baltic Sea to the Atlantic Ocean."}, "https://codexery.com/geology-and-landforms/e/geology-and-landforms/artificial-island/": {"t": "Artificial island", "s": "Human-made landforms built for settlement, defense, or economic purposes.", "i": "https://codexery.com/geology-and-landforms/img/geology-and-landforms/artificial-island.webp", "c": "Luka Peternel · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas/e/peninsulas/scandinavian-peninsula/": {"t": "Scandinavian Peninsula", "s": "Largest European peninsula, spanning Norway, Sweden, and Finland."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/continental-europe/": {"t": "Continental Europe", "s": "The contiguous mainland of Europe, excluding its surrounding islands.", "i": "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/img/regions-and-cultural-spheres/continental-europe.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Europe · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/islands/e/islands/zealand/": {"t": "Zealand", "s": "Five southernmost groups of New Zealand outlying islands, collectively a UNESCO World Heritage Site."}, "/e/great-bridges/confederation-bridge/": {"t": "Confederation Bridge", "s": "Canada's longest bridge and world's longest over ice-covered water.", "i": "https://codexery.com/bridges/img/great-bridges/confederation-bridge.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Confederation Bridge · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/labor-employment/e/labor-and-employment/subcontractor/": {"t": "Subcontractor", "s": "A person or business performing part of another's contract."}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/cultural-and-historical-regions/scania/": {"t": "Scania", "s": "Southernmost historical province of Sweden, once Danish."}, "https://codexery.com/engineering-disciplines/e/engineering-disciplines/civil-engineering/": {"t": "Civil engineering", "s": "Professional discipline designing and maintaining the built environment."}, "https://codexery.com/transportation/e/transportation/high-speed-rail/": {"t": "High-speed rail", "s": "Fastest ground-based commercial transport, with no single global definition."}, "https://codexery.com/crime-and-deviance/e/crime-and-deviance/smuggling/": {"t": "Smuggling", "s": "Illegal movement of goods or people across borders.", "i": "https://codexery.com/crime-and-deviance/img/crime-and-deviance/smuggling.webp", "c": "Unknown author Unknown author or not provided · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts/e/philosophical-concepts/aesthetics/": {"t": "Aesthetics", "s": "Branch of philosophy studying beauty, art, and taste.", "i": "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts/img/philosophical-concepts/aesthetics.webp", "c": "Ewan-M · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/shanghai/": {"t": "Shanghai", "s": "China's most populous city and a global hub for finance and innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/nanjing/": {"t": "Nanjing", "s": "Southern Capital on the Yangtze"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-the-world/e/rivers-of-the-world/yangtze/": {"t": "Yangtze", "s": "Longest river in China, third-longest in the world."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/suzhou/": {"t": "Suzhou", "s": "Ancient cradle of Wu culture, modern industrial hub."}, "https://codexery.com/transportation/e/transportation/highway/": {"t": "Highway", "s": "A public way for travel, from footpaths to motorways."}, "https://codexery.com/transportation/e/transportation/rail-transport/": {"t": "Rail transport", "s": "Wheeled vehicles on steel rails for efficient land transport."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/texas/": {"t": "Texas", "s": "Second-largest U.S. state by area, but first in Fortune 500 headquarters and gross state product."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/upper-peninsula-of-michigan/": {"t": "Upper Peninsula of Michigan", "s": "Northern Michigan landmass with strong regional identity and mining history."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/lower-peninsula-of-michigan/": {"t": "Lower Peninsula of Michigan", "s": "Southern, larger landmass of Michigan, shaped like a mitten."}, "https://codexery.com/lakes-of-the-world/e/lakes-of-the-world/lake-michigan/": {"t": "Lake Michigan", "s": "The only Great Lake entirely within the United States, and the world's largest lake by area in a single country.", "i": "https://codexery.com/lakes-of-the-world/img/lakes-of-the-world/lake-michigan.webp", "c": "Michael Barera · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-lakes/e/rivers-and-lakes/lake-huron/": {"t": "Lake Huron", "s": "Second-largest Great Lake by surface area, third-largest by volume.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-lakes/img/rivers-and-lakes/lake-huron.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Lake Huron · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/lines-hemispheres/e/lines-and-hemispheres/western-hemisphere/": {"t": "Western Hemisphere", "s": "U.S. Department of Defense school for Latin American security personnel, formerly the School of the Americas."}, "https://codexery.com/lines-hemispheres/e/lines-and-hemispheres/eastern-hemisphere/": {"t": "Eastern Hemisphere", "s": "Half of Earth east of the prime meridian, encompassing Afro-Eurasia and Australia."}, "https://codexery.com/geology-earth-science/e/geology-and-earth-science/mineral/": {"t": "Mineral", "s": "Naturally occurring solid with defined composition and crystal structure."}, "/e/great-bridges/the-brooklyn-bridge/": {"t": "The Brooklyn Bridge", "s": "An iconic cable-stayed suspension bridge spanning the East River between Manhattan and Brooklyn.", "i": "https://codexery.com/bridges/img/great-bridges/the-brooklyn-bridge.webp", "c": "Christian David · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/scotland/": {"t": "Scotland", "s": "A country of ancient kingdoms, rugged highlands, and deep lochs."}, "https://codexery.com/world-wonders/e/world-wonders/the-eiffel-tower/": {"t": "The Eiffel Tower", "s": "Locally nicknamed \"La dame de fer\" (French for \"Iron Lady\") due to its construction from wrought iron, the Eiffel Tower is a lattice tower situated on the Champ"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/wales/": {"t": "Wales", "s": "A country of mountains, coast, and ancient culture, part of the United Kingdom."}, "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/e/manufacturing-and-materials/portland-cement/": {"t": "Portland cement", "s": "A hydraulic cement made from heated limestone and clay.", "i": "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/img/manufacturing-and-materials/portland-cement.webp", "c": "self scanned · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/construction-materials/e/construction-and-materials/cement/": {"t": "Cement", "s": "Binder that sets, hardens, and binds other materials together.", "i": "https://codexery.com/construction-materials/img/construction-and-materials/cement.webp", "c": "Nnnjens · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/classic-fighter-planes/e/classic-fighter-planes/junkers-ju-88/": {"t": "Junkers Ju 88", "s": "A versatile twin-engined combat aircraft of the Second World War."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-europe/e/rivers-of-europe/river-severn/": {"t": "River Severn", "s": "Great Britain's longest river, rising in mid Wales and reaching the sea through the Severn Estuary."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/shropshire/": {"t": "Shropshire", "s": "A ceremonial county in the West Midlands of England, on the border with Wales."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/stockholm/": {"t": "Stockholm", "s": "The capital of Sweden, spanning fourteen islands where Lake Mälaren meets the Baltic Sea."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-fundamentals/e/chemistry-fundamentals/chemical-element/": {"t": "Chemical element", "s": "Fundamental species of atom defined by proton count."}, "https://codexery.com/dutch-inventions/e/dutch-inventions/dividend/": {"t": "Dividend", "s": "Distribution of corporate profits to shareholders."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors-and-engineers/e/inventors-and-engineers/thomas-telford/": {"t": "Thomas Telford", "s": "Scottish civil engineer dubbed the 'Colossus of Roads'.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inventors-and-engineers/img/inventors-and-engineers/thomas-telford.webp", "c": "Henry Hoppner Meyer · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/e/manufacturing-and-materials/reinforced-concrete/": {"t": "Reinforced concrete", "s": "Composite material compensating concrete's low tensile strength with reinforcement."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-the-united/e/world-heritage-sites-in-the-united-states/monticello/": {"t": "Monticello", "s": "Thomas Jefferson's plantation home and UNESCO World Heritage Site."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-inventions/e/ancient-inventions/aqueduct-bridge/": {"t": "Aqueduct (bridge)", "s": "Ancient bridges for water"}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-spain/e/world-heritage-sites-in-spain/acueducto-de-los-milagros/": {"t": "Acueducto de los Milagros", "s": "Roman aqueduct in Mérida, Spain, now in ruins."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/augustus/": {"t": "Augustus", "s": "Founder of the Roman Empire and its first emperor."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/marcus-vipsanius-agrippa/": {"t": "Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa", "s": "Roman general, statesman, and right-hand man of Augustus", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/leaders/marcus-vipsanius-agrippa.webp", "c": "Marie-Lan Nguyen (User:Jastrow), 2009 · via Wikipedia: Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa · CC BY 2.5"}, "https://codexery.com/writers-poets/e/writers-and-poets/alexandre-dumas/": {"t": "Alexandre Dumas", "s": "French writer of historical adventure serials.", "i": "https://codexery.com/writers-poets/img/writers-and-poets/alexandre-dumas.webp", "c": "Nadar · via Wikipedia: Alexandre Dumas · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/leaders-and-monarchs/napoleon-iii/": {"t": "Napoleon III", "s": "First elected president and last monarch of France."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/louis-xiv/": {"t": "Louis XIV", "s": "The Sun King who defined absolute monarchy and led France to European dominance."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/leaders-and-monarchs/louis-xvi/": {"t": "Louis XVI", "s": "Last king of France before the fall of the monarchy."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/jean-jacques-rousseau/": {"t": "Jean-Jacques Rousseau", "s": "Genevan philosopher whose ideas shaped modern political and educational thought.", "i": "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/img/philosophers-and-thinkers/jean-jacques-rousseau.webp", "c": "Allan Ramsay · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/writers-poets/e/writers-and-poets/henry-james/": {"t": "Henry James", "s": "American-British author, key transitional figure between literary realism and modernism"}, "https://codexery.com/construction-materials/e/construction-and-materials/arch/": {"t": "Arch", "s": "A curved structure spanning an opening, often load-bearing.", "i": "https://codexery.com/construction-materials/img/construction-and-materials/arch.webp", "c": "Vulturesong · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-europe/e/rivers-of-europe/neretva/": {"t": "Neretva", "s": "Major karst river of the eastern Adriatic basin.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-europe/img/rivers-of-europe/neretva.webp", "c": "Niegodzisie · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/suleiman-the-magnificent/": {"t": "Suleiman the Magnificent", "s": "Ottoman sultan who expanded the empire and reformed its laws."}, "https://codexery.com/international-organizations-and-agreemen/e/international-organizations-and-agreements/international-criminal-tribunal-for-the-former-yugoslavia/": {"t": "International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia", "s": "UN ad hoc tribunal prosecuting Yugoslav Wars war crimes."}, "https://codexery.com/explorers-of-the-americas-and-pacific/e/explorers-of-the-americas-and-pacific/evliya-elebi/": {"t": "Evliya Çelebi", "s": "Ottoman explorer who wrote the ten-volume Seyahatnâme."}, "https://codexery.com/society-and-culture/e/society-and-culture/profanity/": {"t": "Profanity", "s": "Offensive language used for emotion, emphasis, or social bonding."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/italy/": {"t": "Italy", "s": "A cultural superpower with the eighth-largest economy and the most UNESCO sites."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/croatia/": {"t": "Croatia", "s": "A country in Central and Southeastern Europe on the Adriatic Sea, with a rich history and a modern high-income economy."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/modern-metropolis/hong-kong/": {"t": "Hong Kong", "s": "Asia's world city, a global financial hub."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/leaders-and-monarchs/margaret-thatcher/": {"t": "Margaret Thatcher", "s": "First female UK Prime Minister, architect of Thatcherism."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/modern-metropolis/toronto/": {"t": "Toronto", "s": "Canada's largest city and a global hub of multiculturalism, finance, and culture."}, "/e/great-bridges/the-forth-bridge/": {"t": "The Forth Bridge", "s": "Cantilever railway bridge across the Firth of Forth."}, "https://codexery.com/probability-and-stochastic-processes/e/probability-and-stochastic-processes/monte-carlo-method/": {"t": "Monte Carlo method", "s": "Computational algorithms using repeated random sampling for numerical results."}, "https://codexery.com/physical-ocean-floor-features/e/physical-and-ocean-floor-features/topography/": {"t": "Topography", "s": "Study of land surface forms and features."}, "https://codexery.com/explorers-and-conquistadors/e/explorers-and-conquistadors/giovanni-da-verrazzano/": {"t": "Giovanni da Verrazzano", "s": "Florentine explorer who mapped North America's Atlantic coast for France."}, "/e/great-bridges/the-golden-gate-bridge/": {"t": "The Golden Gate Bridge", "s": "Possibly the most beautiful, certainly the most photographed, bridge in the world.", "i": "https://codexery.com/bridges/img/great-bridges/the-golden-gate-bridge.webp", "c": "Daniel L. Lu (user:dllu) · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/new-jersey/": {"t": "New Jersey", "s": "Most densely populated U.S. state, hub of biopharmaceutical innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/stock-markets-finance/e/stock-markets-and-finance/security-finance/": {"t": "Security (finance)", "s": "Tradable financial instruments used to raise capital."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/the-new-york-times/": {"t": "The New York Times", "s": "The Gray Lady, a U.S."}, "https://codexery.com/electrical-systems/e/electrical-systems/light-emitting-diode/": {"t": "Light-emitting diode", "s": "Semiconductor device converting electricity into light via electroluminescence."}, "https://codexery.com/geometry-and-shapes/e/geometry-and-shapes/parallel-geometry/": {"t": "Parallel (geometry)", "s": "Parallel lines are coplanar lines that never meet."}, "/e/great-bridges/tower-bridge/": {"t": "Tower Bridge", "s": "A Grade I listed combined bascule, suspension, and cantilever bridge in London, opened in 1894.", "i": "https://codexery.com/bridges/img/great-bridges/tower-bridge.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Tower Bridge · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/roman-empire/": {"t": "Roman Empire", "s": "Medieval and early modern empire claiming direct Roman succession, dissolved in 1806."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-cities/e/ancient-cities/londinium/": {"t": "Londinium", "s": "Roman London, a key commercial and administrative centre of Britannia."}, "https://codexery.com/literary-works/e/literary-works/the-waste-land/": {"t": "The Waste Land", "s": "T. S. Eliot"}, "https://codexery.com/literary-giants/e/literary-giants/t-s-eliot/": {"t": "T. S. Eliot", "s": "Anglo-Catholic poet linked to the broader Catholic literary revival."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-civilizations/e/ancient-civilizations/neolithic/": {"t": "Neolithic", "s": "The New Stone Age: dawn of farming and settlement.", "i": "https://codexery.com/ancient-civilizations/img/ancient-civilizations/neolithic.webp", "c": "Zde · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/coastal-and-fluvial-geomorphology/e/coastal-and-fluvial-geomorphology/estuary/": {"t": "Estuary", "s": "Transitional coastal ecosystems where freshwater meets saltwater."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/europe/": {"t": "Europe", "s": "Second-smallest continent, birthplace of Western civilisation and European Union."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/historical-eras/iron-age/": {"t": "Iron Age", "s": "Final epoch of the three historical Metal Ages.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/img/historical-eras/iron-age.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Iron Age · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/boudica/": {"t": "Boudica", "s": "Queen of the Iceni who led a failed revolt against Rome."}, "https://codexery.com/vikingage/e/the-viking-age/the-viking-age/": {"t": "The Viking Age", "s": "Norsemen expanded across Europe and reached North America during the Viking Age."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/alfred-the-great/": {"t": "Alfred the Great", "s": "King of the West Saxons and Anglo-Saxons; defeated Vikings and reformed England."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/historical-events-and-places/norman-conquest/": {"t": "Norman Conquest", "s": "11th-century invasion that made William the Conqueror king of England."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-church-bodies/e/christian-church-bodies/archbishop-of-canterbury/": {"t": "Archbishop of Canterbury", "s": "Senior bishop and primate of the Church of England, spiritual leader of the Anglican Communion."}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/e/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/martyr/": {"t": "Martyr", "s": "A witness who suffers death for a religious or political cause."}}