{"https://codexery.com/fish/e/fish/actinopterygii/": {"t": "Actinopterygii", "s": "Ray-finned fish dominate aquatic ecosystems and vertebrate diversity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fish/img/fish/actinopterygii.webp", "c": "A. Humboldt (1769-1859) · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/animal-behavior/e/animal-behavior/fish-migration/": {"t": "Fish migration", "s": "Fish migrate for feeding or spawning, often over vast distances."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/middle-east/": {"t": "Middle East", "s": "A geopolitical region encompassing West Asia, Egypt, and European Turkey, rich in history and strategic importance."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/oceania/": {"t": "Oceania", "s": "The smallest continent, spanning the Pacific's vast ocean."}, "https://codexery.com/invertebrates/e/invertebrates/crustacean/": {"t": "Crustacean", "s": "Mandibulate arthropods with biramous limbs and a nauplius larval stage."}, "https://codexery.com/coastal-and-fluvial-geomorphology/e/coastal-and-fluvial-geomorphology/estuary/": {"t": "Estuary", "s": "Transitional coastal ecosystems where freshwater meets saltwater."}, "https://codexery.com/coastal-marine-geology/e/coastal-and-marine-geology/mudflat/": {"t": "Mudflat", "s": "Coastal wetlands formed by tidal sediment deposition."}, "https://codexery.com/water-sports/e/water-sports/recreational-fishing/": {"t": "Recreational fishing", "s": "Fishing for leisure, exercise, or competition, distinct from commercial or subsistence fishing."}, "https://codexery.com/agriculture-food/e/agriculture-and-food/aquaculture/": {"t": "Aquaculture", "s": "Controlled cultivation of aquatic organisms for food, restoration, and commercial products."}, "https://codexery.com/bangladeshi-cuisine/e/bangladeshi-cuisine/bengali-cuisine/": {"t": "Bengali cuisine", "s": "A rich tapestry of flavours from Bengal's history and climate."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/thai-cuisine/": {"t": "Thai cuisine", "s": "Thai cuisine is defined by its characteristic balance of sweet, sour, salty, and spicy flavors using fresh ingredients, aromatic herbs, and techniques like stir"}, "https://codexery.com/fruits-and-vegetables/e/fruits-and-vegetables/lime-fruit/": {"t": "Lime (fruit)", "s": "Sour citrus fruit used in cuisine, medicine, and ornament."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/garlic/": {"t": "Garlic", "s": "A bulbous plant used for millennia as food and remedy."}, "https://codexery.com/freshwater-fish/e/freshwater-fish/nile-perch/": {"t": "Nile perch", "s": "A fierce freshwater predator, the Nile perch is both a vital food fish and one of the world's worst invasive species.", "i": "https://codexery.com/freshwater-fish/img/freshwater-fish/nile-perch.webp", "c": "Daiju Azuma · via Wikipedia: Nile perch · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/marine-fish-genera/e/marine-fish-genera/opisthoproctus/": {"t": "Opisthoproctus", "s": "A deep-sea genus with tubular eyes and a ventral light organ.", "i": "https://codexery.com/marine-fish-genera/img/marine-fish-genera/opisthoproctus.webp", "c": "S. Johnsen (Duke Uni.) for courtesy of photos, J. Hlidberg for courtesy of illustrations, K. and E. Hjørne for help with illustrations; from Jan Yde Poulsen, Te · via Wikipedia: Opisthoproctus · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/indian-ocean/": {"t": "Indian Ocean", "s": "Third-largest ocean, warmest, key to global climate and trade."}, "https://codexery.com/science-measurement/e/science-and-measurement/telescope/": {"t": "Telescope", "s": "Observing the universe across the electromagnetic spectrum", "i": "https://codexery.com/science-measurement/img/science-and-measurement/telescope.webp", "c": "Pelligton · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/sensory-systems/e/sensory-systems/retina/": {"t": "Retina", "s": "Innermost light-sensitive layer of the eye, part of the central nervous system."}, "https://codexery.com/sensory-systems/e/sensory-systems/rod-cell/": {"t": "Rod cell", "s": "Rod cells enable vision in dim light with high sensitivity."}, "https://codexery.com/sensory-systems/e/sensory-systems/rhodopsin/": {"t": "Rhodopsin", "s": "Light-sensitive protein enabling dim-light vision in rod cells."}, "https://codexery.com/sensory-systems/e/sensory-systems/cone-cell/": {"t": "Cone cell", "s": "Photoreceptor cells enabling color vision and fine detail."}, "https://codexery.com/dinosaur-anatomy/e/dinosaur-anatomy/gizzard/": {"t": "Gizzard", "s": "A muscular stomach that grinds food, often with swallowed stones."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-behavior/e/animal-behavior/symbiosis/": {"t": "Symbiosis", "s": "Close, long-term interactions between different species."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-physiology-morphology/e/animal-physiology-and-morphology/lateral-line/": {"t": "Lateral line", "s": "A sensory system detecting water movement, vibration, and pressure."}, "https://codexery.com/reproduction-development/e/reproduction-and-development/reproduction/": {"t": "Reproduction", "s": "Biological process producing offspring from parent or parents.", "i": "https://codexery.com/reproduction-development/img/reproduction-and-development/reproduction.webp", "c": "MAKY.OREL · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/animal-physiology-morphology/e/animal-physiology-and-morphology/larva/": {"t": "Larva", "s": "A distinct juvenile form before metamorphosis in many animals."}, "https://codexery.com/fish/e/fish/catfish/": {"t": "Catfish", "s": "Diverse ray-finned fish known for barbels and lack of scales.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fish/img/fish/catfish.webp", "c": "authors of the images used: \n\nHalbsHännile\nThomsonmg2000\nGuillermo Enrique Terán, Juliano Ferrer, Mauricio Benitez, Felipe Alonso, Gastón Aguilera, Juan Marcos  · via Wikipedia: Catfish · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fish-and-marine-life/e/fish-and-marine-life/freshwater-fish/": {"t": "Freshwater fish", "s": "Fish adapted to live in low-salinity inland waters."}, "https://codexery.com/coastal-and-fluvial-geomorphology/e/coastal-and-fluvial-geomorphology/drainage-basin/": {"t": "Drainage basin", "s": "A land area where surface water converges to a single outlet."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/north-america/": {"t": "North America", "s": "Third-largest continent by area; fourth-largest by population.", "i": "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/img/regions-and-cultural-spheres/north-america.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: North America · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/europe/": {"t": "Europe", "s": "Second-smallest continent, birthplace of Western civilisation and European Union."}, "https://codexery.com/seafood/e/seafood/cod/": {"t": "Cod", "s": "A mild-flavored, flaky white fish from the genus Gadus, popular in fish and chips and valued for its liver oil.", "i": "https://codexery.com/seafood/img/seafood/cod.webp", "c": "Hans-Petter Fjeld · via Wikipedia: Cod · CC BY-SA 2.5"}, "https://codexery.com/fish/e/fish/haddock/": {"t": "Haddock", "s": "A commercially vital North Atlantic gadoid with a distinctive black blotch.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fish/img/fish/haddock.webp", "c": "Steven G. Johnson · via Wikipedia: Haddock · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/public-aquariums/e/public-aquariums/vancouver-aquarium/": {"t": "Vancouver Aquarium", "s": "Canada's first public aquarium, now a centre for research and conservation."}, "https://codexery.com/public-aquariums/e/public-aquariums/monterey-bay-aquarium/": {"t": "Monterey Bay Aquarium", "s": "A nonprofit aquarium focused on Monterey Bay marine habitats.", "i": "https://codexery.com/public-aquariums/img/public-aquariums/monterey-bay-aquarium.webp", "c": "Jim G from Silicon Valley, CA, USA · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-medicine/e/physiology-and-medicine/allergy/": {"t": "Allergy", "s": "An exaggerated immune response to harmless substances.", "i": "https://codexery.com/physiology-medicine/img/physiology-and-medicine/allergy.webp", "c": "Ar945 · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/caspian-sea/": {"t": "Caspian Sea", "s": "The world's largest inland body of water, a brackish sea between Europe and Asia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/caspian-sea.webp", "c": "NASA · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/black-sea/": {"t": "Black Sea", "s": "Marginal sea between Europe and Asia with anoxic deep waters.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/black-sea.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Black Sea · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/adriatic-sea/": {"t": "Adriatic Sea", "s": "Northernmost arm of the Mediterranean, separating Italy from the Balkans.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/adriatic-sea.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Adriatic Sea · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/international-organizations-and-agreemen/e/international-organizations-and-agreements/international-union-for-conservation-of-nature/": {"t": "International Union for Conservation of Nature", "s": "Global authority on nature conservation and sustainable resource use."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/russian-language/": {"t": "Russian language", "s": "An East Slavic language of the Indo-European family, native to Russia and widely spoken across Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-anatomy/e/animal-anatomy/cartilage/": {"t": "Cartilage", "s": "Resilient connective tissue covering joints and supporting body structures.", "i": "https://codexery.com/animal-anatomy/img/animal-anatomy/cartilage.webp", "c": "Cristobal carrasco (originale); Fabyrav · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/dinosaur-anatomy/e/dinosaur-anatomy/scute/": {"t": "Scute", "s": "Bony external plate or scale overlaid with horn."}, "https://codexery.com/sharks/e/mackerel-sharks/great-white-shark/": {"t": "Great white shark", "s": "A large, partially warm-blooded shark with a fearsome reputation, but rarely preys on humans.", "i": "https://codexery.com/sharks/img/mackerel-sharks/great-white-shark.webp", "c": "Elias Levy · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/sharks/e/dogfish-sharks-and-relatives/greenland-shark/": {"t": "Greenland shark", "s": "The Greenland shark is a deep-dwelling Arctic giant with the longest lifespan of any vertebrate, a genome of 6.45 billion base pairs, and a slow, stealthy hunti", "i": "https://codexery.com/sharks/img/dogfish-sharks-and-relatives/greenland-shark.webp", "c": "NOAA Okeanos Explorer Program · via Wikipedia: Greenland shark · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers/e/rivers/volga/": {"t": "Volga", "s": "Europe's longest river, flowing through Russia into the Caspian Sea."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/danube/": {"t": "Danube", "s": "Europe's second-longest river, a historic frontier and trade route.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/danube.webp", "c": "Visions of Domino · via Wikipedia: Danube · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fish-and-marine-life/e/fish-and-marine-life/pelagic-fish/": {"t": "Pelagic fish", "s": "Pelagic fish live in open water, neither near bottom nor shore."}, "https://codexery.com/fish-and-marine-life/e/fish-and-marine-life/demersal-fish/": {"t": "Demersal fish", "s": "Bottom-dwelling fish that feed on or near the sea floor."}, "https://codexery.com/gobies/e/gobies/gobiidae/": {"t": "Gobiidae", "s": "A large family of small, bottom-dwelling fish with fused pelvic fins."}, "https://codexery.com/fish/e/fish/mullet-fish/": {"t": "Mullet (fish)", "s": "Ray-finned fish family with historical food importance worldwide.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fish/img/fish/mullet-fish.webp", "c": "Gihan Jayaweera · via Wikipedia: Mullet (fish) · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/seafood/e/seafood/mackerel/": {"t": "Mackerel", "s": "Pelagic fish with striped backs, heavily fished for omega-3 oils."}, "https://codexery.com/seafood/e/seafood/tuna/": {"t": "Tuna", "s": "Fast, warm-blooded, and prized worldwide — tuna are among the ocean's most remarkable fish.", "i": "https://codexery.com/seafood/img/seafood/tuna.webp", "c": "NOAA · via Wikipedia: Tuna · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/fish/e/fish/barracuda/": {"t": "Barracuda", "s": "Large, predatory, ray-finned, saltwater fish of the genus Sphyraena.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fish/img/fish/barracuda.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Barracuda · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/sharks/e/dogfish-sharks-and-relatives/sawshark/": {"t": "Sawshark", "s": "Sharks with a saw-like snout used to slash prey.", "i": "https://codexery.com/sharks/img/dogfish-sharks-and-relatives/sawshark.webp", "c": "Illustrated Catalogue of the Fishes of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia : G. Hassell & Son, 1921 · via Wikipedia: Sawshark · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/freshwater-fish/e/freshwater-fish/paddlefish/": {"t": "Paddlefish", "s": "Ancient freshwater fish with a distinctive electroreceptive rostrum, found only in North America and Eastern Asia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/freshwater-fish/img/freshwater-fish/paddlefish.webp", "c": "U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service · via Wikipedia: Paddlefish · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/animal-biology-and-behavior/e/animal-biology-and-behavior/shoaling-and-schooling/": {"t": "Shoaling and schooling", "s": "Social and coordinated swimming behaviors in fish."}, "https://codexery.com/seafood/e/seafood/squid/": {"t": "Squid", "s": "Squid are intelligent, jet-propelled predators of the open ocean."}, "https://codexery.com/arthropods/e/arthropods/midge/": {"t": "Midge", "s": "Small flies of the nematoceran Diptera, found worldwide except in arid deserts and frigid zones."}, "https://codexery.com/rodents-small-mammals/e/rodents-and-small-mammals/muskrat/": {"t": "Muskrat", "s": "A semiaquatic rodent that shapes wetlands and provides fur."}, "https://codexery.com/taxonomy-evolution/e/taxonomy-and-evolution/family-taxonomy/": {"t": "Family (taxonomy)", "s": "Taxonomic rank between order and genus in Linnaean classification."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-the-world/e/rivers-of-the-world/paran-river/": {"t": "Paraná River", "s": "Second-longest South American river, vital for power and navigation.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-the-world/img/rivers-of-the-world/paran-river.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Paraná River · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/fishkeeping/e/fishkeeping/aquarium/": {"t": "Aquarium", "s": "A transparent-sided vivarium for keeping and displaying aquatic life."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-physiology-morphology/e/animal-physiology-and-morphology/fish-fin/": {"t": "Fish fin", "s": "Appendages that generate thrust and lift for fish swimming."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/carl-linnaeus/": {"t": "Carl Linnaeus", "s": "Father of modern taxonomy"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-the-world/e/rivers-of-the-world/orinoco/": {"t": "Orinoco", "s": "Major South American river with vast basin and rich biodiversity."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/amazon-river/": {"t": "Amazon River", "s": "Largest river by discharge; length disputed with the Nile.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/amazon-river.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Amazon River · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/radio-modulation-modes/e/radio-modulation-modes/frequency-modulation/": {"t": "Frequency modulation", "s": "Frequency modulation varies carrier frequency with message signal amplitude."}, "https://codexery.com/reproduction-development/e/reproduction-and-development/sexual-dimorphism/": {"t": "Sexual dimorphism", "s": "Condition where sexes differ in morphology beyond reproduction.", "i": "https://codexery.com/reproduction-development/img/reproduction-and-development/sexual-dimorphism.webp", "c": "Heidi Hopkins · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/seafood/e/seafood/shrimp/": {"t": "Shrimp", "s": "Small swimming crustaceans with long tails and antennae, widely eaten and farmed."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/ecuador/": {"t": "Ecuador", "s": "A megadiverse nation straddling the equator, from the Andes to the Galápagos."}, "https://codexery.com/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/e/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/chromosome/": {"t": "Chromosome", "s": "A chromosome is a package of DNA containing part or all of the genetic material of an organism."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/ontario/": {"t": "Ontario", "s": "Canada's most populous province, home to Ottawa and Toronto."}, "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/e/states-and-regions/quebec/": {"t": "Quebec", "s": "Canada's largest province, heart of Francophone culture in North America.", "i": "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/img/states-and-regions/quebec.webp", "c": "Wilfredor · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/gulf-of-mexico/": {"t": "Gulf of Mexico", "s": "Marginal sea of the Atlantic, bordered by the U.S., Mexico, and Cuba.", "i": "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/img/seas-and-oceans/gulf-of-mexico.webp", "c": "NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. · via Wikipedia: Gulf of Mexico · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/fossils/e/fossils/living-fossil/": {"t": "Living fossil", "s": "Extant taxon resembling fossil relatives over long geological time."}, "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/e/ecology-and-behavior/invasive-species/": {"t": "Invasive species", "s": "Introduced species that cause ecological or economic harm."}, "/e/bony-fish/burbot/": {"t": "Burbot", "s": "The only freshwater cod, a coldwater benthic predator with a chin barbel.", "i": "https://codexery.com/bony-fish/img/bony-fish/burbot.webp", "c": "USFWS Mountain Prairie · via Wikipedia: Burbot · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/fish/e/fish/lungfish/": {"t": "Lungfish", "s": "Closest living relatives of tetrapods with air-breathing lungs.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fish/img/fish/lungfish.webp", "c": "Mitch Ames · via Wikipedia: Lungfish · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics/e/classical-mechanics/buoyancy/": {"t": "Buoyancy", "s": "Buoyancy is the upward force exerted by a fluid on an immersed object."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-fundamentals/e/chemistry-fundamentals/acid/": {"t": "Acid", "s": "A substance that donates a proton or accepts an electron pair.", "i": "https://codexery.com/chemistry-fundamentals/img/chemistry-fundamentals/acid.webp", "c": "Heritage Preservation Department - MNHS · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/animal-behavior/e/animal-behavior/aestivation/": {"t": "Aestivation", "s": "Summer dormancy in animals and plants."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics-fundamentals/e/genetics-fundamentals/genome/": {"t": "Genome", "s": "The complete set of genetic material in an organism."}, "https://codexery.com/fish/e/fish/bichir/": {"t": "Bichir", "s": "Archaic ray-finned fishes with lungs and dorsal finlets.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fish/img/fish/bichir.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Bichir · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/texas/": {"t": "Texas", "s": "Second-largest U.S. state by area, but first in Fortune 500 headquarters and gross state product."}, "https://codexery.com/physical-geography-elevation/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/subarctic/": {"t": "Subarctic", "s": "Subarctic: a cold, sparsely populated region of taiga, permafrost, and mineral wealth."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/northern-hemisphere/": {"t": "Northern Hemisphere", "s": "Northern Hemisphere: most populous, land-rich half of Earth.", "i": "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/img/regions-and-cultural-spheres/northern-hemisphere.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Northern Hemisphere · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/taxonomy-evolution/e/taxonomy-and-evolution/genus/": {"t": "Genus", "s": "A taxonomic rank above species and below family, used in biological classification."}, "https://codexery.com/spanish-cuisine/e/spanish-cuisine/common-ling/": {"t": "Common ling", "s": "A large cod-like fish whose salted roe is a Spanish delicacy."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/france/": {"t": "France", "s": "A global centre of art, science, cuisine and philosophy."}, "https://codexery.com/straits-and-channels/e/straits-and-channels/bering-strait/": {"t": "Bering Strait", "s": "Strait between Asia and North America, key to human migration theory."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas/e/peninsulas/seward-peninsula/": {"t": "Seward Peninsula", "s": "Alaskan peninsula remnant of the Bering land bridge."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-lakes/e/rivers-and-lakes/lake-erie/": {"t": "Lake Erie", "s": "Southernmost, shallowest Great Lake with shortest water residence time.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-lakes/img/rivers-and-lakes/lake-erie.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Lake Erie · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/baltic-sea/": {"t": "Baltic Sea", "s": "The world's largest brackish water basin, an arm of the Atlantic enclosed by nine countries.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/baltic-sea.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: White Sea–Baltic Canal · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/norfolk/": {"t": "Norfolk", "s": "A ceremonial county in East Anglia, known for its rural landscapes, medieval churches, and the Broads."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/cambridgeshire/": {"t": "Cambridgeshire", "s": "Flat fens, ancient history, and a world-renowned university."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/yorkshire/": {"t": "Yorkshire", "s": "God's own country"}, "https://codexery.com/fish/e/fish/lamprey/": {"t": "Lamprey", "s": "Jawless fish with a sucking mouth, found in temperate waters.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fish/img/fish/lamprey.webp", "c": "Photo Credit: Great Lakes Fishery Commission · via Wikipedia: Lamprey · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/butterflyfish/e/butterflyfish/chaetodon/": {"t": "Chaetodon", "s": "Largest butterflyfish genus, with about 90 living species.", "i": "https://codexery.com/butterflyfish/img/butterflyfish/chaetodon.webp", "c": "Dan Schofield · via Wikipedia: Chaetodon · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/marine-angelfish/e/marine-angelfish/pomacanthidae/": {"t": "Pomacanthidae", "s": "Brightly colored reef fish with preopercle spines and protogynous hermaphroditism.", "i": "https://codexery.com/marine-angelfish/img/marine-angelfish/pomacanthidae.webp", "c": "NasserHalaweh · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/butterflyfish/e/butterflyfish/lined-butterflyfish/": {"t": "Lined butterflyfish", "s": "One of the largest butterflyfish, with a wide Indo-Pacific range.", "i": "https://codexery.com/butterflyfish/img/butterflyfish/lined-butterflyfish.webp", "c": "dr.scott.mills · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/butterflyfish/e/butterflyfish/saddle-butterflyfish/": {"t": "Saddle butterflyfish", "s": "A large butterflyfish with a black saddle and blue lines.", "i": "https://codexery.com/butterflyfish/img/butterflyfish/saddle-butterflyfish.webp", "c": "Leonard Low from Australia · via Wikipedia: Saddle butterflyfish · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/animal-physiology-morphology/e/animal-physiology-and-morphology/fish-anatomy/": {"t": "Fish anatomy", "s": "Study of the form or morphology of fish."}, "https://codexery.com/coral-reefs/e/coral-reefs/coral/": {"t": "Coral", "s": "Colonial marine animals that build tropical and deep-sea reefs."}, "https://codexery.com/cnidarians/e/cnidarians/polyp-zoology/": {"t": "Polyp (zoology)", "s": "One of two body forms in Cnidaria, often colonial and reef-building."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics/e/genetics/dna-sequencing/": {"t": "DNA sequencing", "s": "Determining the order of nucleotides in DNA."}, "https://codexery.com/coral-reefs/e/coral-reefs/coral-reef/": {"t": "Coral reef", "s": "Coral reefs are diverse underwater ecosystems built by coral polyps."}, "https://codexery.com/fish/e/fish/cypriniformes/": {"t": "Cypriniformes", "s": "An order of ray-finned fish including carps, minnows, and loaches, diverse in Asia but absent from Australia and South America."}, "https://codexery.com/explorers-pioneers/e/explorers-and-pioneers/georges-cuvier/": {"t": "Georges Cuvier", "s": "Founding father of paleontology who helped establish extinction as a scientific concept.", "i": "https://codexery.com/explorers-pioneers/img/explorers-and-pioneers/georges-cuvier.webp", "c": "Georges Cuvier · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/e/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/alps/": {"t": "Alps", "s": "Major European mountain range spanning eight countries.", "i": "https://codexery.com/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/img/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/alps.webp", "c": "Terra (EOS AM-1) satellite · via Wikipedia: Alps · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/mountain-ranges-and-massifs/e/mountain-ranges-and-massifs/pyrenees/": {"t": "Pyrenees", "s": "Mountain range forming the France–Spain border.", "i": "https://codexery.com/mountain-ranges-and-massifs/img/mountain-ranges-and-massifs/pyrenees.webp", "c": "The original uploader was Nhamblen at English Wikipedia. · via Wikipedia: Pyrenees · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/aral-sea/": {"t": "Aral Sea", "s": "The southern remnant of the former Aral Sea, split into eastern and western basins.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/aral-sea.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Aral Sea · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/biology-concepts/e/biology-concepts/hybrid-biology/": {"t": "Hybrid (biology)", "s": "Offspring from combining two different organisms through sexual reproduction."}, "https://codexery.com/worms-and-worm-like-invertebrates/e/worms-and-worm-like-invertebrates/tubifex/": {"t": "Tubifex", "s": "Genus of segmented worms used as fish food and found in sewers."}, "https://codexery.com/invertebrates/e/invertebrates/gastropod/": {"t": "Gastropod", "s": "Snails and slugs, the second-most diverse animal class.", "i": "https://codexery.com/invertebrates/img/invertebrates/gastropod.webp", "c": "Myself · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/genetics-fundamentals/e/genetics-fundamentals/genetics/": {"t": "Genetics", "s": "Study of genes and heredity"}, "https://codexery.com/fish/e/fish/goldfish/": {"t": "Goldfish", "s": "A popular aquarium fish native to China, selectively bred for over a thousand years.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fish/img/fish/goldfish.webp", "c": "לינה אבוגוש · via Wikipedia: Goldfish · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers/e/rivers/rhine/": {"t": "Rhine", "s": "Europe's second-longest river, flowing from the Swiss Alps to the North Sea.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers/img/rivers/rhine.webp", "c": "Sdkb · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/e/ecology-and-behavior/omnivore/": {"t": "Omnivore", "s": "An animal that eats both plant and animal matter."}, "https://codexery.com/fishkeeping/e/fishkeeping/bala-shark/": {"t": "Bala shark", "s": "A large, peaceful cyprinid often mistaken for a shark."}, "https://codexery.com/fishkeeping/e/fishkeeping/checker-barb/": {"t": "Checker barb", "s": "A peaceful schooling fish from Sumatra, popular in community aquariums."}, "https://codexery.com/polish-cuisine/e/polish-cuisine/crucian-carp/": {"t": "Crucian carp", "s": "A European carp that survives winter by producing alcohol."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/greek-language/": {"t": "Greek language", "s": "Greek is the world's oldest recorded living language."}, "https://codexery.com/seafood/e/seafood/clam/": {"t": "Clam", "s": "Edible bivalve molluscs that burrow in sand or mud."}, "https://codexery.com/marine-invertebrates/e/marine-invertebrates/sea-cucumber/": {"t": "Sea cucumber", "s": "Benthic detritivores with a leathery skin and catch collagen.", "i": "https://codexery.com/marine-invertebrates/img/marine-invertebrates/sea-cucumber.webp", "c": "Diego Delso / Diego Delso · via Wikipedia: Sea cucumber · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/clownfish-and-damselfish/e/clownfish-and-damselfish/pomacentrinae/": {"t": "Pomacentrinae", "s": "The most diverse subfamily of damselfish and clownfish."}, "https://codexery.com/clownfish-and-damselfish/e/clownfish-and-damselfish/stegastes/": {"t": "Stegastes", "s": "Small, territorial damselfish known as Gregories, found worldwide in tropical reefs.", "i": "https://codexery.com/clownfish-and-damselfish/img/clownfish-and-damselfish/stegastes.webp", "c": "(c) Georgina Jones, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) · via Wikipedia: Stegastes · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/clownfish-and-damselfish/e/clownfish-and-damselfish/pomacentridae/": {"t": "Pomacentridae", "s": "A family of hardy, colorful reef fish including clownfish and damselfish.", "i": "https://codexery.com/clownfish-and-damselfish/img/clownfish-and-damselfish/pomacentridae.webp", "c": "Hectonichus · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/clownfish-and-damselfish/e/clownfish-and-damselfish/garibaldi-fish/": {"t": "Garibaldi (fish)", "s": "Bright orange damselfish, California's marine state fish.", "i": "https://codexery.com/clownfish-and-damselfish/img/clownfish-and-damselfish/garibaldi-fish.webp", "c": "M.O. Stevens · CC BY 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/clownfish-and-damselfish/e/clownfish-and-damselfish/microspathodon-bairdii/": {"t": "Microspathodon bairdii", "s": "A large, bump-headed damselfish of the eastern Pacific rocky reefs.", "i": "https://codexery.com/clownfish-and-damselfish/img/clownfish-and-damselfish/microspathodon-bairdii.webp", "c": "Alberto Alcalá · via Wikipedia: Microspathodon bairdii · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/physical-geography-elevation/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/subtropics/": {"t": "Subtropics", "s": "Climate zones between tropics and temperate regions, with hot summers and mild winters."}, "https://codexery.com/meteorology/e/meteorology/temperate-climate/": {"t": "Temperate climate", "s": "Middle-latitude climates with distinct seasons and moderate temperatures.", "i": "https://codexery.com/meteorology/img/meteorology/temperate-climate.webp", "c": "Unknown author · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/fishkeeping/e/fishkeeping/marine-aquarium/": {"t": "Marine aquarium", "s": "Marine aquariums house saltwater life with specialized equipment and care."}, "https://codexery.com/clownfish-and-damselfish/e/clownfish-and-damselfish/dascyllus-albisella/": {"t": "Dascyllus albisella", "s": "A passive damselfish with unique uniparental male care.", "i": "https://codexery.com/clownfish-and-damselfish/img/clownfish-and-damselfish/dascyllus-albisella.webp", "c": "Dr. Dwayne Meadows, NOAA/NMFS/OPR · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/e/ecology-and-behavior/predation/": {"t": "Predation", "s": "Predators kill and eat other organisms, driving evolution.", "i": "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/img/ecology-and-behavior/predation.webp", "c": "InsektenDoku · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/clownfish-and-damselfish/e/clownfish-and-damselfish/stegastes-planifrons/": {"t": "Stegastes planifrons", "s": "A Western Atlantic damselfish with three distinctive juvenile spots.", "i": "https://codexery.com/clownfish-and-damselfish/img/clownfish-and-damselfish/stegastes-planifrons.webp", "c": "JeffreyGammon · via Wikipedia: Stegastes planifrons · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/clownfish-and-damselfish/e/clownfish-and-damselfish/stegastes-nigricans/": {"t": "Stegastes nigricans", "s": "A territorial damselfish that farms algae on coral reefs.", "i": "https://codexery.com/clownfish-and-damselfish/img/clownfish-and-damselfish/stegastes-nigricans.webp", "c": "The original uploader was Elapied at French Wikipedia. · via Wikipedia: Stegastes nigricans · CC BY-SA 2.0 fr"}, "https://codexery.com/freshwater-fish/e/freshwater-fish/minnow/": {"t": "Minnow", "s": "Small freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae, known as pinkeens in Ireland."}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology-and-immunology/e/microbiology-and-immunology/phylogenetics/": {"t": "Phylogenetics", "s": "Study of evolutionary history through heritable traits and phylogenetic trees."}, "https://codexery.com/geology/e/geology/floodplain/": {"t": "Floodplain", "s": "Floodplains are fertile, flood-prone river-adjacent lands."}, "https://codexery.com/invertebrates/e/invertebrates/insect/": {"t": "Insect", "s": "Insects are the most diverse group of animals on Earth."}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology-and-cell-biology/e/microbiology-and-cell-biology/microorganism/": {"t": "Microorganism", "s": "Microscopic organisms that shape life, health, and history."}, "https://codexery.com/islands/e/islands/sumatra/": {"t": "Sumatra", "s": "Large Indonesian island with rich history and biodiversity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/islands/img/islands/sumatra.webp", "c": "Sadalmelik · via Wikipedia: Sumatra · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fishkeeping/e/fishkeeping/george-s-myers/": {"t": "George S. Myers", "s": "American ichthyologist who described the neon tetra and many aquarium species."}, "https://codexery.com/fishkeeping/e/fishkeeping/danio-margaritatus/": {"t": "Danio margaritatus", "s": "A small danionin from Myanmar and Thailand, discovered in 2006."}, "https://codexery.com/european-dragons/e/european-dragons/european-dragon/": {"t": "European dragon", "s": "A fire-breathing, treasure-hoarding creature of European myth."}, "https://codexery.com/sea-cucumbers-and-brittle-stars/e/brittle-stars/brittle-star/": {"t": "Brittle star", "s": "Echinoderms with five serpent-like arms, found worldwide in marine habitats."}, "https://codexery.com/marine-fish-genera/e/marine-fish-genera/callionymus/": {"t": "Callionymus", "s": "A diverse genus of dragonets from the Indian and Pacific oceans.", "i": "https://codexery.com/marine-fish-genera/img/marine-fish-genera/callionymus.webp", "c": "Hans Hillewaert · via Wikipedia: Callionymus · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/marine-angelfish/e/marine-angelfish/pomacanthus/": {"t": "Pomacanthus", "s": "A genus of marine angelfish with prominent opercular spines.", "i": "https://codexery.com/marine-angelfish/img/marine-angelfish/pomacanthus.webp", "c": "NasserHalaweh · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/hawaii/": {"t": "Hawaii", "s": "Island state with a tropical climate and diverse heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/dutch-language/": {"t": "Dutch language", "s": "A West Germanic language spoken by millions across Europe, the Americas, and beyond."}, "https://codexery.com/landforms-and-regions/e/landforms-and-regions/great-barrier-reef/": {"t": "Great Barrier Reef", "s": "World's largest coral reef system, visible from outer space.", "i": "https://codexery.com/landforms-and-regions/img/landforms-and-regions/great-barrier-reef.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Great Barrier Reef · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/new-caledonia/": {"t": "New Caledonia", "s": "A French territory in the southwest Pacific, part of Melanesia, with a unique legal status and a diverse population.", "i": "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/img/islands-and-archipelagos/new-caledonia.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: 2024 New Caledonia unrest · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/french-polynesia/": {"t": "French Polynesia", "s": "An overseas collectivity of France in the South Pacific, comprising 121 islands and atolls.", "i": "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/img/islands-and-archipelagos/french-polynesia.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: French Polynesia · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/marine-invertebrates/e/marine-invertebrates/tunicate/": {"t": "Tunicate", "s": "Marine chordates with a tunic and tadpole-like larvae.", "i": "https://codexery.com/marine-invertebrates/img/marine-invertebrates/tunicate.webp", "c": "Nhobgood Nick Hobgood · via Wikipedia: Tunicate · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/marine-angelfish/e/marine-angelfish/apolemichthys-griffisi/": {"t": "Apolemichthys griffisi", "s": "A rare Pacific angelfish with a distinctive black and white band.", "i": "https://codexery.com/marine-angelfish/img/marine-angelfish/apolemichthys-griffisi.webp", "c": "Debra Baker · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/marine-angelfish/e/marine-angelfish/apolemichthys-xanthotis/": {"t": "Apolemichthys xanthotis", "s": "A white-bodied angelfish with a black head and yellow tail.", "i": "https://codexery.com/marine-angelfish/img/marine-angelfish/apolemichthys-xanthotis.webp", "c": "Rob · via Wikipedia: Apolemichthys xanthotis · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/marine-angelfish/e/marine-angelfish/bicolor-angelfish/": {"t": "Bicolor angelfish", "s": "A small, protogynous hermaphrodite with striking yellow and blue coloration.", "i": "https://codexery.com/marine-angelfish/img/marine-angelfish/bicolor-angelfish.webp", "c": "Rickard Zerpe · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/marine-angelfish/e/marine-angelfish/blackedged-angelfish/": {"t": "Blackedged angelfish", "s": "A Pacific angelfish with distinct male and female coloration."}, "https://codexery.com/marine-angelfish/e/marine-angelfish/blue-velvet-angelfish/": {"t": "Blue velvet angelfish", "s": "A shy, bluish-black angelfish known only from Fiji."}, "https://codexery.com/marine-angelfish/e/marine-angelfish/centropyge-abei/": {"t": "Centropyge abei", "s": "A deep-water pygmy angelfish with a yellow body and black upper back.", "i": "https://codexery.com/marine-angelfish/img/marine-angelfish/centropyge-abei.webp", "c": "Wmpearl · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/other/e/other/anguilla/": {"t": "Anguilla", "s": "A British Overseas Territory in the northeastern Caribbean.", "i": "https://codexery.com/other/img/other/anguilla.webp", "c": "This work created by the United Kingdom Government is in the public domain.\nThis is because it is one of the following:\n\nIt is a photograph taken prior to 1 Jun · via Wikipedia: Anguilla · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/power-generation/e/power-generation/hydroelectricity/": {"t": "Hydroelectricity", "s": "Electricity generated from hydropower, a key low-carbon energy source."}, "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/e/ecology-and-behavior/parasitism/": {"t": "Parasitism", "s": "A close, harmful relationship where one organism exploits another.", "i": "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/img/ecology-and-behavior/parasitism.webp", "c": "Soebe · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/musculoskeletal-system/e/musculoskeletal-system/vertebra/": {"t": "Vertebra", "s": "Irregular bone forming the vertebral column of vertebrates."}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/sargasso-sea/": {"t": "Sargasso Sea", "s": "The only sea without land boundaries, a floating rainforest of sargassum in the North Atlantic."}, "https://codexery.com/aquatic-invertebrates/e/aquatic-invertebrates/slug/": {"t": "Slug", "s": "Shell-less terrestrial gastropods from multiple evolutionary lineages."}, "https://codexery.com/invertebrates/e/invertebrates/crayfish/": {"t": "Crayfish", "s": "Freshwater crustaceans of the infraorder Astacidea, known for their feather-like gills and detritivore diet.", "i": "https://codexery.com/invertebrates/img/invertebrates/crayfish.webp", "c": "Sunday Glory · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/birds/e/birds/cormorant/": {"t": "Cormorant", "s": "Medium-to-large fish-eating seabirds with hooked bills and webbed feet, found worldwide except the central Pacific islands."}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-birds/e/miscellaneous-birds/gull/": {"t": "Gull", "s": "Adaptable seabirds with complex social structures and global distribution."}, "https://codexery.com/japanese-cuisine/e/japanese-cuisine/sushi/": {"t": "Sushi", "s": "Japanese vinegared rice dish with varied toppings, popular worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/universities/e/universities/leiden-university/": {"t": "Leiden University", "s": "Oldest surviving university in the Netherlands, founded 1575."}, "https://codexery.com/freshwater-fish/e/freshwater-fish/perch/": {"t": "Perch", "s": "True perch are freshwater fish of the genus Perca.", "i": "https://codexery.com/freshwater-fish/img/freshwater-fish/perch.webp", "c": "Originally uploaded to English Wikipedia by en:User:Hadal · via Wikipedia: Perch · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-recreation/e/sports-and-recreation/angling/": {"t": "Angling", "s": "A hook-and-line technique for catching fish, primarily for sport."}, "https://codexery.com/biologists-naturalists/e/biologists-and-naturalists/peter-artedi/": {"t": "Peter Artedi", "s": "Swedish naturalist and father of ichthyology."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/iberian-peninsula/": {"t": "Iberian Peninsula", "s": "Second-largest European peninsula, home to Spain and Portugal."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-europe/e/rivers-of-europe/meuse/": {"t": "Meuse", "s": "Major European river flowing through France, Belgium, and the Netherlands.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-europe/img/rivers-of-europe/meuse.webp", "c": "MOSSOT · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/invertebrates/e/invertebrates/cestoda/": {"t": "Cestoda", "s": "Parasitic flatworms that live in vertebrate intestines."}, "https://codexery.com/holarctic-birds/e/holarctic-birds/great-cormorant/": {"t": "Great cormorant", "s": "A large, widespread cormorant found across the Old World and beyond."}, "https://codexery.com/fish/e/fish/northern-pike/": {"t": "Northern pike", "s": "A carnivorous freshwater fish of the Northern Hemisphere.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fish/img/fish/northern-pike.webp", "c": "Jik jik · via Wikipedia: Northern pike · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/fish-as-food/": {"t": "Fish as food", "s": "Fish provides protein and nutrients consumed globally in diverse forms."}, "https://codexery.com/fish/e/fish/gill/": {"t": "Gill", "s": "Respiratory organ for aquatic gas exchange.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fish/img/fish/gill.webp", "c": "Guitardude012 · via Wikipedia: Gill · CC BY 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/animal-behavior/e/animal-behavior/sociality/": {"t": "Sociality", "s": "Sociality describes how animals form cooperative groups."}, "https://codexery.com/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/e/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/seaweed/": {"t": "Seaweed", "s": "Macroalgae vital to ocean ecology and human industry."}, "https://codexery.com/soft-corals-and-leathers/e/soft-corals-and-leathers/gorgonian/": {"t": "Gorgonian", "s": "Soft corals with feather-like tentacles and no stony skeleton."}, "https://codexery.com/coral-reefs/e/coral-reefs/reef/": {"t": "Reef", "s": "A ridge or shoal of rock, coral, or stable material underwater.", "i": "https://codexery.com/coral-reefs/img/coral-reefs/reef.webp", "c": "Jstuby · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/aquatic-wetland-plants/e/aquatic-and-wetland-plants/seagrass/": {"t": "Seagrass", "s": "Marine flowering plants forming productive underwater meadows."}, "https://codexery.com/brown-macroalgae-and-kelp/e/brown-macroalgae-and-kelp/sargassum/": {"t": "Sargassum", "s": "Brown macroalgae forming vast drifting mats in tropical oceans."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/arabian-sea/": {"t": "Arabian Sea", "s": "A historically vital sea linking Old World trade networks.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/arabian-sea.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Arabian Sea · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/bay-of-bengal/": {"t": "Bay of Bengal", "s": "Northeastern part of the Indian Ocean, rich in history and biodiversity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/bay-of-bengal.webp", "c": "No machine-readable author provided. NormanEinstein assumed (based on copyright claims). · via Wikipedia: Bay of Bengal · CC BY-SA 3.0"}}