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"https://codexery.com/galaxy-filaments/e/galaxy-filaments/sloan-great-wall/": {"t": "Sloan Great Wall", "s": "A giant wall of galaxies discovered in 2003.", "i": "https://codexery.com/galaxy-filaments/img/galaxy-filaments/sloan-great-wall.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Sloan Great Wall · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/quasars-and-galaxy-clusters/e/quasars-and-galaxy-clusters/huge-lqg/": {"t": "Huge-LQG", "s": "A disputed large quasar group spanning 4 billion light-years."}, "/e/astronomical-surveys/2df-galaxy-redshift-survey/": {"t": "2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey", "s": "Redshift survey mapping cosmic structure to 2.5 billion light years."}, "https://codexery.com/optical-telescopes/e/optical-telescopes/uk-schmidt-telescope/": {"t": "UK Schmidt Telescope", "s": "A 1.24 m Schmidt survey telescope at Siding Spring Observatory."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomical-catalogues/e/astronomical-catalogues/2mass/": {"t": "2MASS", "s": "Infrared survey cataloging 300 million celestial objects.", "i": "https://codexery.com/astronomical-catalogues/img/astronomical-catalogues/2mass.webp", "c": "Legacy Surveys / D.Lang (Perimeter Institute) & Meli thev · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy/e/astronomy/hubble-s-law/": {"t": "Hubble's law", "s": "Galaxies recede faster the farther they are from Earth."}, "https://codexery.com/elliptical-and-irregular-galaxies/e/elliptical-and-irregular-galaxies/fundamental-plane-elliptical-galaxies/": {"t": "Fundamental plane (elliptical galaxies)", "s": "A bivariate correlation linking effective radius, surface brightness, and velocity dispersion.", "i": "https://codexery.com/elliptical-and-irregular-galaxies/img/elliptical-and-irregular-galaxies/fundamental-plane-elliptical-galaxies.webp", "c": "Cactus26 · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/radio-telescopes/e/radio-telescopes/arecibo-observatory/": {"t": "Arecibo Observatory", "s": "Former world's largest single-aperture radio telescope, collapsed in 2020."}, "https://codexery.com/science-measurement/e/science-and-measurement/radio-telescope/": {"t": "Radio telescope", "s": "Detecting the invisible universe through radio waves.", "i": "https://codexery.com/science-measurement/img/science-and-measurement/radio-telescope.webp", "c": "Photograph by Mike Peel ( www.mikepeel.net ). · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/galaxies-and-their-properties/e/galaxies-and-their-properties/dark-galaxy/": {"t": "Dark galaxy", "s": "Hypothesized galaxies made of dark matter, with no visible stars.", "i": "https://codexery.com/galaxies-and-their-properties/img/galaxies-and-their-properties/dark-galaxy.webp", "c": "NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio - eMITS/Paul Morris, ADNET Systems, Inc./ · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cosmic-mysteries/e/cosmic-mysteries/dark-matter/": {"t": "Dark matter", "s": "Invisible matter inferred from gravitational effects on cosmic scales."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy-space/e/astronomy-and-space/magnitude-astronomy/": {"t": "Magnitude (astronomy)", "s": "Logarithmic scale measuring stellar brightness, with lower values for brighter objects."}, "https://codexery.com/science-measurement/e/science-and-measurement/telescope/": {"t": "Telescope", "s": "Observing the universe across the electromagnetic spectrum", "i": "https://codexery.com/science-measurement/img/science-and-measurement/telescope.webp", "c": "Pelligton · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/lines-hemispheres/e/lines-and-hemispheres/southern-hemisphere/": {"t": "Southern Hemisphere", "s": "The Southern Hemisphere is Earth's southern half, mostly ocean."}, "https://codexery.com/astrophotography/e/astrophotography/charge-coupled-device/": {"t": "Charge-coupled device", "s": "An integrated circuit that converts light into electric charge for imaging."}, "https://codexery.com/cosmic-mysteries/e/cosmic-mysteries/gamma-ray-bursts/": {"t": "Gamma-ray bursts", "s": "Extremely energetic explosions in distant galaxies."}, "/e/astronomical-surveys/all-sky-automated-survey/": {"t": "All Sky Automated Survey", "s": "Polish automated survey monitoring 20 million stars for variability."}, "https://codexery.com/black-holes/e/black-holes/tidal-disruption-event/": {"t": "Tidal disruption event", "s": "A star torn apart by a supermassive black hole."}, "https://codexery.com/variable-stars/e/variable-stars/cataclysmic-variable-star/": {"t": "Cataclysmic variable star", "s": "Binary stars that brighten dramatically via accretion-driven outbursts."}, "https://codexery.com/stars-and-stellar-phenomena/e/stars-and-stellar-phenomena/flare-star/": {"t": "Flare star", "s": "A variable star that undergoes unpredictable dramatic increases in brightness, powered by magnetic energy."}, "https://codexery.com/earth/e/earth/asteroid-impact-avoidance/": {"t": "Asteroid impact avoidance", "s": "Methods to divert near-Earth objects from colliding with Earth."}, "https://codexery.com/stars-and-stellar-objects/e/stars-and-stellar-objects/asteroid/": {"t": "Asteroid", "s": "Rocky, metallic, or icy minor planets orbiting the Sun, mostly in the main belt between Mars and Jupiter."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy-space/e/astronomy-and-space/impact-event/": {"t": "Impact event", "s": "Collisions between astronomical objects that shape planets and life."}, "https://codexery.com/education-schools/e/education-and-schools/stanford-university/": {"t": "Stanford University", "s": "Private research university in Stanford, California, founded in 1885 by Leland and Jane Stanford.", "i": "https://codexery.com/education-schools/img/education-and-schools/stanford-university.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Stanford University · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/notable-asteroids/e/notable-asteroids/near-earth-asteroid/": {"t": "Near-Earth asteroid", "s": "Near-Earth asteroids are small bodies whose orbits bring them close to Earth."}, "https://codexery.com/asteroid-surveys/e/asteroid-surveys/sentinel-space-telescope/": {"t": "Sentinel Space Telescope", "s": "Planned space telescope for detecting hazardous near-Earth asteroids.", "i": "https://codexery.com/asteroid-surveys/img/asteroid-surveys/sentinel-space-telescope.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Sentinel Space Telescope · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-of-mars/e/exploration-of-mars/heliocentric-orbit/": {"t": "Heliocentric orbit", "s": "An orbit around the Sun, followed by planets, comets, asteroids, and many artificial probes."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/venus/": {"t": "Venus", "s": "Earth's twin, hottest planet, shrouded in sulfuric acid clouds."}, "https://codexery.com/literary-works/e/literary-works/the-little-prince/": {"t": "The Little Prince", "s": "A novella about a young prince visiting planets and Earth."}, "https://codexery.com/meteoroids/e/meteoroids/bolide/": {"t": "Bolide", "s": "A bright meteor or large impactor with context-dependent definitions."}, "https://codexery.com/disasters/e/historic-disasters/the-tunguska-event/": {"t": "The Tunguska event", "s": "Largest recorded impact event in history, flattening Siberian forest."}, "https://codexery.com/egyptian-mythology-in-popular-culture/e/egyptian-mythology-in-popular-culture/99942-apophis/": {"t": "99942 Apophis", "s": "A near-Earth asteroid that briefly threatened Earth in 2029."}, "https://codexery.com/crew-members-of-the-international/e/crew-members-of-the-international-space-station/ed-lu/": {"t": "Ed Lu", "s": "Physicist, former NASA astronaut, and asteroid defense advocate.", "i": "https://codexery.com/crew-members-of-the-international/img/crew-members-of-the-international-space-station/ed-lu.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Ed Lu · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/space-telescopes/e/space-telescopes/space-telescope/": {"t": "Space telescope", "s": "Telescopes in space avoiding atmospheric interference for astronomical observation."}, "https://codexery.com/festivals-and-celebrations/e/festivals-and-celebrations/earth-day/": {"t": "Earth Day", "s": "Annual April 22 event demonstrating support for environmental protection."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/science-journal/": {"t": "Science (journal)", "s": "Peer-reviewed journal of the AAAS, covering all scientific disciplines."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/nature-journal/": {"t": "Nature (journal)", "s": "British weekly journal of peer-reviewed natural science research.", "i": "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/img/media-and-publishing/nature-journal.webp", "c": "ESO/M. Kornmesser (photo displayed on the magazine cover) · via Wikipedia: Nature (journal) · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/notable-asteroids/e/notable-asteroids/asteroid-impact-prediction/": {"t": "Asteroid impact prediction", "s": "Predicting when and where asteroids will strike Earth."}, "https://codexery.com/successful-space-missions/e/successful-space-missions/apollo-8/": {"t": "Apollo 8", "s": "First crewed mission to reach the Moon", "i": "https://codexery.com/successful-space-missions/img/successful-space-missions/apollo-8.webp", "c": "Unknown author Unknown author or not provided · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/e/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/orbital-resonance/": {"t": "Orbital resonance", "s": "Orbital resonance shapes planetary systems through periodic gravitational interactions."}, "https://codexery.com/asteroids/e/asteroids/yarkovsky-effect/": {"t": "Yarkovsky effect", "s": "Thermal radiation force altering small asteroid orbits."}, "https://codexery.com/telescope-types/e/telescope-types/infrared-telescope/": {"t": "Infrared telescope", "s": "Telescope using infrared light to detect celestial bodies."}, "https://codexery.com/international-organizations-and-agreemen/e/international-organizations-and-agreements/international-astronomical-union/": {"t": "International Astronomical Union", "s": "Global authority for astronomical naming and cooperation."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/earth/": {"t": "Earth", "s": "The only known planet with liquid surface water and life."}, "https://codexery.com/human-spaceflight-programs/e/human-spaceflight-programs/nasa-astronaut-corps/": {"t": "NASA Astronaut Corps", "s": "NASA unit selecting and training astronauts for U.S. and international missions."}, "https://codexery.com/human-spaceflight-programs/e/human-spaceflight-programs/space-shuttle-program/": {"t": "Space Shuttle program", "s": "NASA's reusable spaceplane program flew 135 missions from 1981 to 2011."}, "https://codexery.com/space-missions/e/space-missions/the-international-space-station/": {"t": "The International Space Station", "s": "The International Space Station (ISS) is a modular spacecraft in low Earth orbit, assembled and operated by five partner agencies: NASA, Roscosmos, ESA, JAXA, a"}, "https://codexery.com/stellar-phenomena/e/stellar-phenomena/helioseismology/": {"t": "Helioseismology", "s": "Study of the Sun's interior through its oscillations."}, "https://codexery.com/thermodynamics-and-statistical-mechanics/e/thermodynamics-and-statistical-mechanics/statistical-mechanics/": {"t": "Statistical mechanics", "s": "Statistical mechanics links microscopic particle behavior to macroscopic properties."}, "https://codexery.com/materials-and-states-of-matter/e/materials-and-states-of-matter/plasma-physics/": {"t": "Plasma (physics)", "s": "Plasma is the fourth state of matter, consisting of ionized gas."}, "https://codexery.com/underwater-and-surface-drones/e/underwater-and-surface-drones/liquid-robotics/": {"t": "Liquid Robotics", "s": "Wave and solar powered USV for long-duration ocean data collection."}, "https://codexery.com/drone-regulation/e/drone-regulation/commercial-pilot-licence/": {"t": "Commercial pilot licence", "s": "A licence allowing a pilot to receive remuneration for services.", "i": "https://codexery.com/drone-regulation/img/drone-regulation/commercial-pilot-licence.webp", "c": "The National Archives UK · No restrictions"}, "https://codexery.com/electrical-systems/e/electrical-systems/electrical-engineering/": {"t": "Electrical engineering", "s": "Discipline studying and applying electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism."}, "https://codexery.com/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/e/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/space-shuttle/": {"t": "Space Shuttle", "s": "Partially reusable low Earth orbital spacecraft system."}, "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics/e/classical-mechanics/gravity/": {"t": "Gravity", "s": "Gravity is the fundamental attraction between objects with mass.", "i": "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics/img/classical-mechanics/gravity.webp", "c": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Nicoguaro · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy-space/e/astronomy-and-space/minor-planet/": {"t": "Minor planet", "s": "A Sun-orbiting body that is neither a planet nor a comet."}, "https://codexery.com/prefectures-of-japan/e/prefectures-of-japan/okayama-prefecture/": {"t": "Okayama Prefecture", "s": "Land of Momotarō and the Seto Inland Sea"}, "https://codexery.com/astrophotography/e/astrophotography/astronomical-survey/": {"t": "Astronomical survey", "s": "A general map or image of the sky lacking a specific target."}, "https://codexery.com/space-debris/e/space-debris/space-debris/": {"t": "Space debris", "s": "Defunct human-made objects in Earth orbit posing collision risks."}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-japan/e/space-program-of-japan/japan-spaceguard-association/": {"t": "Japan Spaceguard Association", "s": "Nonprofit dedicated to near-Earth object observation and protection."}, "https://codexery.com/telescope-types/e/telescope-types/cassegrain-reflector/": {"t": "Cassegrain reflector", "s": "Folded optical path with concave primary and convex secondary mirrors."}, "https://codexery.com/lines-hemispheres/e/lines-and-hemispheres/northern-hemisphere/": {"t": "Northern Hemisphere", "s": "The Northern Hemisphere contains most of the world's continents and major landmasses.", "i": "https://codexery.com/lines-hemispheres/img/lines-and-hemispheres/northern-hemisphere.webp", "c": "Sean Baker ( Marvin01 | talk ) · via Wikipedia: Northern Hemisphere · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/nebulae/e/nebulae/cygnus-x-star-complex/": {"t": "Cygnus X (star complex)", "s": "A massive star formation region behind the Cygnus Rift."}, "https://codexery.com/astrophotography/e/astrophotography/radio-astronomy/": {"t": "Radio astronomy", "s": "Passive observation of celestial objects using radio waves.", "i": "https://codexery.com/astrophotography/img/astrophotography/radio-astronomy.webp", "c": "Maksym Kozlenko · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/national-parks-of-south-africa/e/national-parks-of-south-africa/meerkat-national-park/": {"t": "Meerkat National Park", "s": "South African park hosting radio telescopes and protecting quiver trees."}, "https://codexery.com/scottish-inventions/e/scottish-inventions/gregorian-telescope/": {"t": "Gregorian telescope", "s": "Reflecting telescope designed by James Gregory in 1663."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism-and-waves/e/electromagnetism-and-waves/polarization-waves/": {"t": "Polarization (waves)", "s": "Property of transverse waves specifying oscillation orientation."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism-and-radiation/e/electromagnetism-and-radiation/synchrotron-radiation/": {"t": "Synchrotron radiation", "s": "Radiation from relativistic charged particles accelerated perpendicular to velocity."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomical-radio-sources/e/astronomical-radio-sources/cosmic-microwave-background/": {"t": "Cosmic microwave background", "s": "Relic radiation from the early universe."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy/e/astronomy/cosmic-inflation/": {"t": "Cosmic inflation", "s": "A theory of exponential expansion of space in the very early universe, explaining the large-scale structure and uniformity of the cosmos."}, "https://codexery.com/cosmology-concepts/e/cosmology-concepts/chronology-of-the-universe/": {"t": "Chronology of the universe", "s": "Standard timeline of cosmic history from inflation to present."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism-and-waves/e/electromagnetism-and-waves/magnetic-field/": {"t": "Magnetic field", "s": "A vector field quantifying magnetic influence at a given location."}, "https://codexery.com/spiral-galaxies/e/spiral-galaxies/milky-way/": {"t": "Milky Way", "s": "The barred spiral galaxy containing the Solar System."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomers-and-cosmologists/e/astronomers-and-cosmologists/allan-sandage/": {"t": "Allan Sandage", "s": "American astronomer who determined the first accurate Hubble constant and age of the universe.", "i": "https://codexery.com/astronomers-and-cosmologists/img/astronomers-and-cosmologists/allan-sandage.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Allan Sandage · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/telescope-types/e/telescope-types/maksutov-telescope/": {"t": "Maksutov telescope", "s": "Catadioptric design using a meniscus corrector to correct aberrations."}, "https://codexery.com/stars-and-stellar-objects/e/stars-and-stellar-objects/cosmic-distance-ladder/": {"t": "Cosmic distance ladder", "s": "A sequence of methods for measuring distances to celestial objects."}, "https://codexery.com/cosmology-concepts/e/cosmology-concepts/accelerating-expansion-of-the-universe/": {"t": "Accelerating expansion of the universe", "s": "Discovery that the universe's expansion is speeding up, not slowing down."}, "https://codexery.com/cosmic-mysteries/e/cosmic-mysteries/dark-energy/": {"t": "Dark energy", "s": "The mysterious force accelerating the universe's expansion"}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy/e/astronomy/cosmological-constant/": {"t": "Cosmological constant", "s": "A coefficient in Einstein's equations explaining cosmic acceleration."}, "https://codexery.com/cosmology-concepts/e/cosmology-concepts/universe/": {"t": "Universe", "s": "The totality of all space, time, matter, and energy."}, "https://codexery.com/stars-and-stellar-objects/e/stars-and-stellar-objects/comet/": {"t": "Comet", "s": "Icy wanderers that bloom when near the Sun."}, "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/e/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/earth-s-orbit/": {"t": "Earth's orbit", "s": "Earth's elliptical orbit around the Sun defines the year and seasons."}, "https://codexery.com/periodic-comets/e/periodic-comets/167p-cineos/": {"t": "167P/CINEOS", "s": "A large, active grey centaur and Chiron-type comet."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/jupiter/": {"t": "Jupiter", "s": "Largest planet in the Solar System, a gas giant with a Great Red Spot."}, "https://codexery.com/observatories-of-europe/e/observatories-of-europe/rome-observatory/": {"t": "Rome Observatory", "s": "Italian astronomical observatory with main site at Monte Porzio Catone."}, "https://codexery.com/us-cities/e/us-cities/tucson-arizona/": {"t": "Tucson, Arizona", "s": "Second-largest city in Arizona, founded as a Spanish presidio in 1775."}, "https://codexery.com/optical-telescopes/e/optical-telescopes/uppsala-southern-schmidt-telescope/": {"t": "Uppsala Southern Schmidt Telescope", "s": "A Schmidt telescope used for asteroid and comet discovery in Australia."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomical-concepts-and-techniques/e/astronomical-concepts-and-techniques/ubv-photometric-system/": {"t": "UBV photometric system", "s": "First standardized photometric system for stellar classification."}, "https://codexery.com/trans-neptunian-objects/e/trans-neptunian-objects/47171-lempo/": {"t": "47171 Lempo", "s": "A triple plutino in the Kuiper belt."}, "https://codexery.com/cosmology-concepts/e/cosmology-concepts/redshift/": {"t": "Redshift", "s": "Redshift measures the stretching of light from moving or distant sources."}, "https://codexery.com/discoverers-of-astronomical-objects/e/discoverers-of-astronomical-objects/margaret-geller/": {"t": "Margaret Geller", "s": "American astrophysicist who mapped the nearby universe."}, "https://codexery.com/galaxy-filaments/e/galaxy-filaments/cfa2-great-wall/": {"t": "CfA2 Great Wall", "s": "A vast galaxy filament discovered in the CfA2 survey."}, "https://codexery.com/black-holes/e/black-holes/gravitational-collapse/": {"t": "Gravitational collapse", "s": "Gravitational collapse shapes stars, remnants, and black holes.", "i": "https://codexery.com/black-holes/img/black-holes/gravitational-collapse.webp", "c": "Illustration by R.J. 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Redrawn in Inkscape by Magasjukur2 · via Wikipedia: Gravitational collapse · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cosmology-concepts/e/cosmology-concepts/age-of-the-universe/": {"t": "Age of the universe", "s": "Age of the universe is 13.8 billion years."}, "https://codexery.com/space-missions/e/space-missions/the-hubble-space-telescope/": {"t": "The Hubble Space Telescope", "s": "A versatile space telescope observing ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared light."}, "https://codexery.com/galaxy-clusters-and-groups/e/galaxy-clusters-and-groups/galaxy-cluster/": {"t": "Galaxy cluster", "s": "Largest gravitationally bound structures, composed of galaxies, gas, and dark matter."}, "/e/astronomical-surveys/cosmic-assembly-near-infrared-deep-extragalactic-legacy-survey/": {"t": "Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey", "s": "Largest Hubble survey, documenting early galactic evolution and cosmic structure."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy/e/astronomy/galaxy-formation-and-evolution/": {"t": "Galaxy formation and evolution", "s": "Study of galaxy origins, structure, and change over cosmic time."}, "https://codexery.com/separation-and-purification-techniques/e/separation-and-purification-techniques/ultraviolet-visible-spectroscopy/": {"t": "Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy", "s": "Measures light absorption to identify and quantify substances."}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts/e/economic-concepts/goods/": {"t": "Goods", "s": "Goods are scarce items providing utility, classified by excludability and rivalry."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism-and-waves/e/electromagnetism-and-waves/infrared/": {"t": "Infrared", "s": "Invisible electromagnetic radiation between visible light and microwaves."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-stellar-astronomy/e/planets-and-stellar-astronomy/star-formation/": {"t": "Star formation", "s": "Process by which dense molecular cloud regions collapse into stars."}, "https://codexery.com/stars-and-stellar-objects/e/stars-and-stellar-objects/active-galactic-nucleus/": {"t": "Active galactic nucleus", "s": "Compact region at a galaxy's center emitting non-stellar radiation, powered by accretion onto a supermassive black hole."}, "https://codexery.com/separation-and-purification-techniques/e/separation-and-purification-techniques/spectroscopy/": {"t": "Spectroscopy", "s": "Spectroscopy measures and interprets electromagnetic spectra interacting with matter."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism-and-waves/e/electromagnetism-and-waves/radio-wave/": {"t": "Radio wave", "s": "Electromagnetic waves with the longest wavelengths and lowest frequencies."}, "https://codexery.com/constellations/e/constellations/sextans/": {"t": "Sextans", "s": "A faint equatorial constellation named for Hevelius's lost sextant."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism/e/electromagnetism/electromagnetic-spectrum/": {"t": "Electromagnetic spectrum", "s": "The full range of electromagnetic radiation, from radio to gamma rays."}, "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/e/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/equatorial-coordinate-system/": {"t": "Equatorial coordinate system", "s": "A geocentric system for locating celestial objects.", "i": "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/img/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/equatorial-coordinate-system.webp", "c": "Anskar · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy-space/e/astronomy-and-space/observable-universe/": {"t": "Observable universe", "s": "The portion of the universe visible from Earth."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism-and-radiation/e/electromagnetism-and-radiation/ultraviolet/": {"t": "Ultraviolet", "s": "Electromagnetic radiation beyond violet, with both harmful and beneficial effects."}, "https://codexery.com/cosmology-concepts/e/cosmology-concepts/expansion-of-the-universe/": {"t": "Expansion of the universe", "s": "The increase in distance between gravitationally unbound parts of the universe."}, "https://codexery.com/cosmology-concepts/e/cosmology-concepts/baryon-acoustic-oscillations/": {"t": "Baryon acoustic oscillations", "s": "Standard ruler from early universe sound waves."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy/e/astronomy/galaxy-groups-and-clusters/": {"t": "Galaxy groups and clusters", "s": "Largest gravitationally bound objects in cosmic structure formation."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism-and-radiation/e/electromagnetism-and-radiation/visible-spectrum/": {"t": "Visible spectrum", "s": "The range of electromagnetic radiation visible to the human eye."}, "https://codexery.com/camera-image-sensors/e/camera-image-sensors/back-illuminated-sensor/": {"t": "Back-illuminated sensor", "s": "A sensor design that places wiring behind the photocathode to capture more light."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism-and-waves/e/electromagnetism-and-waves/photoelectric-effect/": {"t": "Photoelectric effect", "s": "Emission of electrons from materials caused by electromagnetic radiation."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-telescopes/e/radio-telescopes/south-pole-telescope/": {"t": "South Pole Telescope", "s": "A 10 m telescope studying the cosmic microwave background from Antarctica."}, "https://codexery.com/mathematical-logic-and-computation/e/mathematical-logic-and-computation/algorithm/": {"t": "Algorithm", "s": "A finite sequence of logical instructions for solving problems."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-stellar-astronomy/e/planets-and-stellar-astronomy/parsec/": {"t": "Parsec", "s": "Unit of distance defined by one arcsecond of parallax.", "i": "https://codexery.com/planets-stellar-astronomy/img/planets-and-stellar-astronomy/parsec.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Parsec · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/computing-digital/e/computing-and-digital/computer-simulation/": {"t": "Computer simulation", "s": "Running mathematical models on computers to represent real-world systems."}, "https://codexery.com/cosmology-concepts/e/cosmology-concepts/structure-formation/": {"t": "Structure formation", "s": "Process creating galaxies and voids from density ripples."}, "https://codexery.com/nasa-space-probes/e/nasa-space-probes/explorers-program/": {"t": "Explorers Program", "s": "NASA's long-running series of small scientific satellites."}, "https://codexery.com/exoplanets/e/exoplanets/the-habitable-zone/": {"t": "The habitable zone", "s": "The range of orbits around a star where liquid water could exist on a planetary surface."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-stellar-astronomy/e/planets-and-stellar-astronomy/stellar-classification/": {"t": "Stellar classification", "s": "System for classifying stars by spectral and luminosity characteristics."}, "https://codexery.com/solar-phenomena/e/solar-phenomena/coronal-mass-ejection/": {"t": "Coronal mass ejection", "s": "A massive ejection of solar plasma into space."}, "https://codexery.com/exoplanets/e/exoplanets/the-james-webb-space-telescope/": {"t": "The James Webb Space Telescope", "s": "The largest space telescope, observing the infrared universe from beyond Earth's orbit."}, "https://codexery.com/nasa-space-probes/e/nasa-space-probes/large-ultraviolet-optical-infrared-surveyor/": {"t": "Large Ultraviolet Optical Infrared Surveyor", "s": "NASA concept for a large ultraviolet-optical-infrared space observatory."}, "https://codexery.com/amateur-radio-people/e/amateur-radio-people/grote-reber/": {"t": "Grote Reber", "s": "Amateur radio operator who built the first parabolic radio telescope."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-telescopes/e/radio-telescopes/very-large-array/": {"t": "Very Large Array", "s": "A versatile interferometer array for centimeter-wavelength radio astronomy."}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-australia/e/space-program-of-australia/csiro/": {"t": "CSIRO", "s": "Australia's national science agency, advancing research since 1916."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-telescopes/e/radio-telescopes/australian-square-kilometre-array-pathfinder/": {"t": "Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder", "s": "A radio telescope array using phased-array feed technology for wide-field surveys."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-fundamentals/e/chemistry-fundamentals/absorption-spectroscopy/": {"t": "Absorption spectroscopy", "s": "Technique measuring radiation absorption to identify and quantify substances.", "i": "https://codexery.com/chemistry-fundamentals/img/chemistry-fundamentals/absorption-spectroscopy.webp", "c": "MarsInSVG · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/astronomical-radio-sources/e/astronomical-radio-sources/radio-galaxy/": {"t": "Radio galaxy", "s": "Galaxies with giant radio lobes powered by jets from active nuclei."}, "https://codexery.com/nebulae/e/nebulae/h-i-region/": {"t": "H I region", "s": "Neutral hydrogen clouds observed via 21-cm radio emission."}, "https://codexery.com/space-probes-of-esa-japan-china-india/e/space-probes-of-esa-japan-china-india-and-the-ussr/planck-spacecraft/": {"t": "Planck (spacecraft)", "s": "ESA observatory that mapped the cosmic microwave background with unprecedented precision."}, "https://codexery.com/major-islands-and-archipelagos/e/major-islands-and-archipelagos/canary-islands/": {"t": "Canary Islands", "s": "The Fortunate Isles: a subtropical archipelago linking Africa, Europe, and the Americas."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/george-smoot/": {"t": "George Smoot", "s": "Nobel laureate who measured the seeds of cosmic structure.", "i": "https://codexery.com/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/img/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/george-smoot.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: George Smoot · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-brazil/e/space-program-of-brazil/national-institute-for-space-research/": {"t": "National Institute for Space Research", "s": "Brazil's civilian space research institute, founded in 1971."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism/e/electromagnetism/transformer/": {"t": "Transformer", "s": "Passive component that transfers electrical energy via electromagnetic induction."}, "https://codexery.com/galaxy-clusters-and-groups/e/galaxy-clusters-and-groups/galaxy-group/": {"t": "Galaxy group", "s": "The smallest and most common galaxy aggregates in the universe."}, "https://codexery.com/galaxies/e/galaxies/galactic-bulge/": {"t": "Galactic bulge", "s": "Dense star groups at spiral galaxy centers, with varied origins."}, "https://codexery.com/galaxies/e/galaxies/galactic-disc/": {"t": "Galactic disc", "s": "A thin, rotating component of disc galaxies containing stars and gas."}, "https://codexery.com/spiral-galaxies/e/spiral-galaxies/gama202627/": {"t": "GAMA202627", "s": "A barred spiral galaxy with two massive satellite companions like the Milky Way."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/didier-queloz/": {"t": "Didier Queloz", "s": "Swiss astronomer who co-discovered the first exoplanet around a Sun-like star.", "i": "https://codexery.com/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/img/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/didier-queloz.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Didier Queloz · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/exoplanets/e/exoplanets/51-pegasi-b/": {"t": "51 Pegasi b", "s": "The first exoplanet found orbiting a Sun-like star, a hot Jupiter that reshaped astronomy."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy-space/e/astronomy-and-space/main-sequence/": {"t": "Main sequence", "s": "Stars spend most of their lives on the main sequence."}, "https://codexery.com/observatories-of-europe/e/observatories-of-europe/haute-provence-observatory/": {"t": "Haute-Provence Observatory", "s": "French national observatory where the first exoplanet was discovered."}, "https://codexery.com/space-telescopes/e/space-telescopes/chandra-x-ray-observatory/": {"t": "Chandra X-ray Observatory", "s": "Flagship X-ray telescope launched in 1999, still operating."}, "https://codexery.com/black-holes/e/black-holes/direct-collapse-black-hole/": {"t": "Direct collapse black hole", "s": "Massive black hole seeds from direct gas collapse."}, "https://codexery.com/binary-and-multiple-stars/e/binary-and-multiple-stars/accretion-disk/": {"t": "Accretion disk", "s": "Accretion disks are ubiquitous structures that drive mass onto central objects."}}