[{"n": "Didier Queloz", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/didier-queloz/", "s": "Swiss astronomer who co-discovered the first exoplanet around a Sun-like star."}, {"n": "Edward Charles Pickering", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/edward-charles-pickering/", "s": "American astronomer who discovered the first spectroscopic binary stars and advanced stellar photography."}, {"n": "Ejnar Hertzsprung", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/ejnar-hertzsprung/", "s": "Danish chemist and astronomer who co-developed the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram."}, {"n": "George Ellery Hale", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/george-ellery-hale/", "s": "Astrophysicist who discovered magnetic fields in sunspots and built major observatories."}, {"n": "George Smoot", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/george-smoot/", "s": "Nobel laureate who measured the seeds of cosmic structure."}, {"n": "Georges Lemaître", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/georges-lema-tre/", "s": "Belgian priest and physicist who first proposed the Big Bang theory."}, {"n": "Giovanni Domenico Cassini", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/giovanni-domenico-cassini/", "s": "Giovanni Domenico Cassini, an Italian-French mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, and engineer, was born in "}, {"n": "Guo Shoujing", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/guo-shoujing/", "s": "Chinese astronomer and engineer who calculated a year length 26 seconds off modern value."}, {"n": "Heinrich Wilhelm Matthias Olbers", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/heinrich-wilhelm-matthias-olbers/", "s": "German astronomer who discovered asteroids and formulated Olbers's paradox."}, {"n": "Henrietta Swan Leavitt", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/henrietta-swan-leavitt/", "s": "Discovered the period-luminosity relation for Cepheid variable stars."}, {"n": "Henry Norris Russell", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/henry-norris-russell/", "s": "American astronomer who co-created the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram."}, {"n": "Lyman Spitzer", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/lyman-spitzer/", "s": "Theoretical physicist, astronomer, and mountaineer who pioneered space telescopes."}, {"n": "Margaret Burbidge", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/margaret-burbidge/", "s": "Founder of stellar nucleosynthesis and pioneering astronomer."}, {"n": "Maria Cunitz", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/maria-cunitz/", "s": "Silesian astronomer who simplified Kepler's planetary tables."}, {"n": "Maria Margaretha Kirch", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/maria-margaretha-kirch/", "s": "German astronomer who discovered a comet and published under her own name."}, {"n": "Maria Mitchell", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/maria-mitchell/", "s": "American astronomer who discovered a comet and became a pioneering professor."}, {"n": "Mary Watson Whitney", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/mary-watson-whitney/", "s": "Mary Watson Whitney (1847–1921) was an American astronomer who directed the Vassar College Observatory for mor"}, {"n": "Nancy Roman", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/nancy-roman/", "s": "American astronomer and first female executive at NASA."}, {"n": "Neil deGrasse Tyson", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/neil-degrasse-tyson/", "s": "American astrophysicist and director of the Hayden Planetarium."}, {"n": "Reinhard Genzel", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/reinhard-genzel/", "s": "German astrophysicist who co-discovered the Milky Way's central supermassive black hole."}, {"n": "Riccardo Giacconi", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/riccardo-giacconi/", "s": "Italian-American astrophysicist who pioneered X-ray astronomy."}, {"n": "Sandra Faber", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/sandra-faber/", "s": "American astrophysicist known for the Faber–Jackson relation and dark matter research."}, {"n": "Saul Perlmutter", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/saul-perlmutter/", "s": "Astrophysicist who co-discovered the accelerating expansion of the universe."}, {"n": "William Herschel", "u": "/e/astronomers-and-astrophysicists/william-herschel/", "s": "Discoverer of Uranus and infrared radiation"}]