Architectural Styles And Landmarks Codexery

Iranian architecture

Iranian architecture spans millennia, from vernacular to monumental.

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The American historian Arthur Pope called architecture the supreme Iranian art.[1] Structures from Iran, other parts of West Asia, the Caucasus, and Central Asia are all included under the term Iranian architecture.[2]

Quick Facts

Location
Iran, Central Asia, Iraq and nearby regions

Facts from the source article.

Geography and history

Available heavy clays encouraged the ancient technique of molded mud construction, never fully abandoned.[3] The Parsian style, including Median and Achaemenid architecture, flourished from the eighth century BCE to Alexander the Great.[4] The Parthian style reached its apex in the Sassanid period.[5] The four-centred arch first appeared in ninth-century Abbasid monuments at Samarra.[6]

The Seljuk period is regarded as a classical age of Central Asian architecture.[7] Ilkhanid architecture elaborated earlier Iranian traditions, with greater attention to interior spaces.[8] Byzantine and Sasanian architectural traditions had a strong influence on early Islamic architecture.[9] The Tarikhaneh Mosque in Damghan is the only major early mosque that has kept some of its original form.[10]

What the cited sources add

O'Kane states that domed chambers on the qibla became the norm in Persian congregational mosques after the vizier Neẓām-al-Molk introduced the domed maqṣūra in Isfahan around 1086-87.[11] O'Kane also observes that the dome played an important role in Persian vernacular architecture throughout history.[11] The Encyclopaedia of Islam 3 was published by Brill Academic Publishers in 2007.[12] The Encyclopaedia of Islam Set was published by Brill Academic Pub in 2008.[13]

References

  1. Wikipedia, "Iranian architecture" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Arthur Pope, Introducing Persian Architecture. Oxford University Press. London. 1971. (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  2. Wikipedia, "Iranian architecture" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Arthur Upham Pope. Introducing Persian Architecture. Oxford University Press. London. 1971. p.1 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  3. Wikipedia, "Iranian architecture" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Arthur Upham Pope. Persian Architecture. George Braziller, New York, 1965. p.9 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  4. Wikipedia, "Iranian architecture" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Sabk Shenasi Mi'mari Irani (Study of styles in Iranian architecture), M. Karim Pirnia. 2005. pp.40-51; Fallāḥʹfar, Saʻīd (سعید فلاح‌فر). The Dictionary of Iranian Traditional Architectural Terms (Farhang-i vāzhahʹhā-yi miʻmārī-i sunnatī-i Īrān فرهنگ واژه‌های معما (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  5. Wikipedia, "Iranian architecture" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Pīrniyā, Muammah Karīm, "Sabk Shināsī-i miʻmārī-i Īrānī (Study of styles in Iranian architecture)", Surush-i Dānish, 2005 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  6. Wikipedia, "Iranian architecture" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: ; Petersen 1996, p. 295; ; (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  7. Wikipedia, "Iranian architecture" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Bosworth, "Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition", Brill, 1960–2007; ; Hattstein Delius 2011, p. 96 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  8. Wikipedia, "Iranian architecture" (CC BY-SA 4.0) en.wikipedia.org
  9. Wikipedia, "Iranian architecture" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Petersen 1996, p. 295; (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  10. Wikipedia, "Iranian architecture" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Hattstein Delius 2011, p. 96; ; Kuban, "The Mosque and Its Early Development", Brill, 1974, p. 22 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  11. O'Kane, Bernard (1995). Domes . Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition. Retrieved 28 November 2010.. facts only, no text reused. iranicaonline.org
  12. Open Library record, ISBN 9789004161658 ("Encyclopaedia of Islam 3, 2007 (Encyclopaedia of Islam)"). CC0 (metadata); book content not read. openlibrary.org
  13. Open Library record, ISBN 9789004161214 ("Encyclopaedia of Islam Set"). CC0 (metadata); book content not read. openlibrary.org

Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Iranian architecture (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.

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Sources

Compiled from Wikipedia and the sources listed below. Text from Wikipedia is available under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is adapted from it.

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