{"/e/american-inventions/timeline-of-united-states-inventions-1890-1945/": {"t": "Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945)", "s": "A timeline of U.S. inventions from the Progressive Era through World War II."}, "/e/american-inventions/timeline-of-united-states-inventions-before-1890/": {"t": "Timeline of United States inventions (before 1890)", "s": "Benjamin Franklin's flexible catheter: a hinged metal tube with a wire coil, invented in 1752."}, "https://codexery.com/government-and-law/e/part-1/patent/": {"t": "patent", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/george-washington/": {"t": "George Washington", "s": "First president of the United States and commander of the Continental Army during the American Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/civil-law-and-remedies/e/part-1/patent-office/": {"t": "patent-office", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/materials-and-states-of-matter/e/part-1/semiconductor/": {"t": "Semiconductor", "s": "Materials with conductivity between conductors and insulators."}, "https://codexery.com/computer-mice-and-monitors/e/part-1/scroll-wheel/": {"t": "scroll-wheel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ed-sheeran/e/events/youtube/": {"t": "YouTube", "s": "The red button that turned a bedroom guitar into a billion-voice chorus."}, "https://codexery.com/battery-types-part-2/e/part-1/nanowire-battery/": {"t": "nanowire-battery", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/animal-anatomy/e/part-1/cell-biology/": {"t": "cell-biology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/respiratory-infectious-diseases/e/part-1/covid-19-vaccine/": {"t": "COVID-19 vaccine", "s": "Vaccines developed rapidly to combat the COVID-19 pandemic."}, "https://codexery.com/dutch-inventions/e/part-1/cassette-tape/": {"t": "cassette-tape", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/automotive-industry/e/part-1/ford-motor-company/": {"t": "ford-motor-company", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/automotive-industry/e/part-1/general-motors/": {"t": "general-motors", "s": ""}, 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"https://codexery.com/polymers-and-macromolecules/e/part-1/polyethylene/": {"t": "Polyethylene", "s": "Polyethylene is the most commonly produced plastic worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/part-1/telephone/": {"t": "telephone", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/computing-digital/e/part-1/c-programming-language/": {"t": "c-programming-language", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/computing-software/e/part-1/random-access-memory/": {"t": "random-access-memory", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/computing-software/e/part-1/operating-system/": {"t": "operating-system", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/computing-digital/e/part-1/android-operating-system/": {"t": "android-operating-system", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/computing-software/e/part-1/microsoft-windows/": {"t": "microsoft-windows", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/transportation-engineering/e/part-1/crane-machine/": {"t": "Crane (machine)", "s": "A machine for lifting and moving heavy objects using mechanical advantage.", "i": "https://codexery.com/transportation-engineering/img/part-1/crane-machine.webp", "c": "Wilfredo R. Rodriguez H. edited by Gregory David Harington · via Wikipedia: Crane (machine) · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/greek-inventions/e/part-1/rack-and-pinion/": {"t": "rack-and-pinion", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/construction-and-engineering/e/part-1/wheel/": {"t": "wheel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/computer-peripherals/e/part-1/joystick/": {"t": "joystick", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/materials/e/part-1/fiberglass/": {"t": "Fiberglass", "s": "A versatile composite material of glass fiber and plastic matrix."}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/part-1/pacific-war/": {"t": "Pacific War", "s": "The largest theater of World War II, fought across the Pacific and Asia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/part-1/pacific-war.webp", "c": "Ensign Emment Regan · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/part-1/second-world-war/": {"t": "Second World War", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Axis, deadliest in history."}, "https://codexery.com/physical-chemistry-and-thermodynamics/e/part-1/thermodynamic-equilibrium/": {"t": "Thermodynamic equilibrium", "s": "State with no net flows and no tendency toward change."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry/e/part-1/hydrocarbon/": {"t": "hydrocarbon", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/part-1/nitrous-oxide/": {"t": "nitrous-oxide", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/polymers-and-macromolecules/e/part-1/monomer/": {"t": "Monomer", "s": "A molecule that bonds to form polymers."}, "https://codexery.com/polymers-and-macromolecules/e/part-1/oligomer/": {"t": "Oligomer", "s": "Molecule of a few repeating units from monomers."}, "https://codexery.com/polymers-and-macromolecules/e/part-1/polymer/": {"t": "Polymer", "s": "Large molecules of repeating subunits essential to life and industry."}, "https://codexery.com/construction-materials/e/part-1/adhesive/": {"t": "adhesive", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/inventors/e/part-1/thomas-edison/": {"t": "thomas-edison", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/computing-software/e/part-1/personal-computer/": {"t": "personal-computer", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/microprocessors-part-3/e/part-1/motorola-68000/": {"t": "motorola-68000", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/microprocessors/e/part-1/microprocessor/": {"t": "microprocessor", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-recreation/e/part-1/video-game/": {"t": "Video game", "s": "Electronic games with visual feedback from a display device."}, "https://codexery.com/graphics-hardware-part-2/e/part-1/television-interface-adaptor/": {"t": "television-interface-adaptor", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/graphics-hardware-part-2/e/part-1/antic/": {"t": "antic", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/prehistoric-people-in-popular-culture/e/part-1/chuck-rock/": {"t": "Chuck Rock", "s": "Prehistoric caveman platformer and early Core Design mascot."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/part-1/the-wall-street-journal/": {"t": "The Wall Street Journal", "s": "American business newspaper, newspaper of record, center-right editorial page."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/part-1/pennsylvania/": {"t": "Pennsylvania", "s": "Fifth-most populous U.S. state, founded as a haven for tolerance."}, "https://codexery.com/corporations/e/part-1/microsoft/": {"t": "microsoft", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/design-digital-arts/e/part-1/3d-computer-graphics/": {"t": "3d-computer-graphics", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/pioneers-of-medicine/e/part-1/jonas-salk/": {"t": "Jonas Salk", "s": "American virologist who developed one of the first successful polio vaccines."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/franklin-d-roosevelt/": {"t": "Franklin D. 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"https://codexery.com/microprocessors-part-2/e/part-1/apple-silicon/": {"t": "apple-silicon", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/microprocessors/e/part-1/multiprocessor-system-on-a-chip/": {"t": "multiprocessor-system-on-a-chip", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/computing-software/e/part-1/malware/": {"t": "malware", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/puzzle-video-games/e/part-1/angry-birds-2/": {"t": "Angry Birds 2", "s": "Sequel to Angry Birds with randomized birds and spells."}, "https://codexery.com/internet-culture-and-platforms/e/part-1/wechat/": {"t": "wechat", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/crime-and-deviance/e/part-1/scam/": {"t": "scam", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/construction-and-engineering/e/part-1/steelmaking/": {"t": "steelmaking", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/reaction-mechanisms-and-kinetics/e/part-1/redox/": {"t": "Redox", "s": "Chemical reactions where oxidation states change via electron or atom transfer."}, "https://codexery.com/rocks-and-minerals/e/part-1/fluorite/": {"t": "Fluorite", "s": "Mineral that gave its name to fluorescence and fluorine."}, "https://codexery.com/electricity-and-magnetism/e/part-1/electrode/": {"t": "electrode", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/universities/e/part-1/johns-hopkins-university/": {"t": "Johns Hopkins University", "s": "First U.S. research university, founded by a Quaker philanthropist.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities/img/part-1/johns-hopkins-university.webp", "c": "Daderot · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/france/": {"t": "France", "s": "A global centre of art, science, cuisine and philosophy."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/italy/": {"t": "Italy", "s": "A cultural superpower with the eighth-largest economy and the most UNESCO sites."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/saudi-arabia/": {"t": "Saudi Arabia", "s": "The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a land of ancient heritage, vast deserts, and global influence.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/img/honours/saudi-arabia.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Saudi Arabia at the FIFA World Cup · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/computing-digital/e/part-1/computer-hardware/": {"t": "computer-hardware", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/part-1/touchscreen/": {"t": "touchscreen", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/radio-manufacturers-part-2/e/part-1/toshiba/": {"t": "toshiba", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/computer-peripherals/e/part-1/docking-station/": {"t": "docking-station", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/pc-hardware-part-3/e/part-1/graphics-processing-unit/": {"t": "graphics-processing-unit", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/microprocessors/e/part-1/mobile-processor/": {"t": "mobile-processor", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/pc-gaming-brands-and-manufacturers/e/part-1/lenovo/": {"t": "Lenovo", "s": "Hong Kong–based Chinese multinational and world's largest PC vendor."}, "https://codexery.com/companies-and-conglomerates/e/part-1/dell/": {"t": "dell", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/corporate-giants/e/part-1/sony/": {"t": "sony", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/taiwanese-inventions/e/part-1/45-nm-process/": {"t": "45 nm process", "s": "A semiconductor node that introduced high-κ dielectrics and resolution enhancement techniques."}, "https://codexery.com/pc-gaming-brands-and-manufacturers/e/part-1/samsung/": {"t": "Samsung", "s": "South Korean conglomerate and global leader in electronics and shipbuilding."}, "https://codexery.com/pc-gaming-brands-and-manufacturers/e/part-1/intel/": {"t": "Intel", "s": "A key architect of the personal computer revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/corporate-giants/e/part-1/tsmc/": {"t": "tsmc", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/graphics-hardware-part-3/e/part-1/amd/": {"t": "amd", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/pc-gaming-brands-and-manufacturers/e/part-1/micron/": {"t": "Micron", "s": "American semiconductor giant and one of the Big Three memory manufacturers."}, "https://codexery.com/egyptian-inventions/e/part-1/mos-capacitor/": {"t": "mos-capacitor", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states-and-territories/e/part-1/wyoming/": {"t": "Wyoming", "s": "Least populous U.S. state, first to grant women's suffrage."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/abraham-lincoln/": {"t": "Abraham Lincoln", "s": "16th president who led the Union through the Civil War and abolished slavery."}, "https://codexery.com/spatial-analysis-gis/e/part-1/location/": {"t": "Location", "s": "Geographic term denoting a precise region on Earth's surface."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/part-1/illinois/": {"t": "Illinois", "s": "Land of Lincoln", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/part-1/illinois.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-inventions/e/part-1/bellows/": {"t": "bellows", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-the-world/e/part-1/ohio-river/": {"t": "Ohio 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Governor · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/lil-wayne/e/places/new-orleans/": {"t": "New Orleans", "s": "The bayou city that raised a rapper and the rapper who made the world hear the bayou."}, "https://codexery.com/us-cities/e/part-1/springfield-illinois/": {"t": "Springfield, Illinois", "s": "Capital of Illinois and longtime home of Abraham Lincoln.", "i": "https://codexery.com/us-cities/img/part-1/springfield-illinois.webp", "c": "Salisburymistake · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/transportation/e/part-1/maritime-transport/": {"t": "Maritime transport", "s": "Waterborne transport of passengers and cargo, vital to global trade."}, "https://codexery.com/civil-law-and-remedies/e/part-1/patent-infringement/": {"t": "patent-infringement", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/inventors-of-everyday-objects/e/part-1/cyrus-mccormick/": {"t": "cyrus-mccormick", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christopher-nolan/e/works/inception/": {"t": "Inception", "s": "Your mind is the scene of the crime."}, "https://codexery.com/electrical-systems/e/part-1/electric-battery/": {"t": "electric-battery", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/electrical-systems/e/part-1/electrical-grid/": {"t": "electrical-grid", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/visual-arts-and-artworks/e/part-1/watercolor-painting/": {"t": "Watercolor painting", "s": "A painting method using pigments suspended in a water-based solution."}, "https://codexery.com/polymers-and-macromolecules/e/part-1/polyvinyl-acetate/": {"t": "Polyvinyl acetate", "s": "A thermoplastic adhesive used for porous materials."}, "https://codexery.com/art-movements-styles/e/part-1/abstract-expressionism/": {"t": "abstract-expressionism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/corporations/e/part-1/novartis/": {"t": "novartis", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-recreation/e/part-1/doll/": {"t": "Doll", "s": "A model of a human or humanoid, used as toy and ritual object."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-fundamentals/e/part-1/acetone/": {"t": "acetone", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism-and-waves/e/part-1/refractive-index/": {"t": "refractive-index", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/units-measurement/e/part-1/watt/": {"t": "Watt", "s": "Scottish inventor whose steam engine powered the Industrial Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/meteorology/e/part-1/hertz/": {"t": "Hertz", "s": "German physicist who proved electromagnetic waves exist."}, "https://codexery.com/energy-power/e/part-1/microwave-oven/": {"t": "microwave-oven", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/burns/e/part-1/radiation-burn/": {"t": "radiation-burn", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/burns/e/part-1/microwave-burn/": {"t": "microwave-burn", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/part-1/georgia-u-s-state/": {"t": "Georgia (U.S. state)", "s": "Southern state, last of the Thirteen Colonies, civil rights hub.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/part-1/georgia-u-s-state.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/news-media/e/part-1/associated-press/": {"t": "Associated Press", "s": "A not-for-profit news cooperative founded in 1846.", "i": "https://codexery.com/news-media/img/part-1/associated-press.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Associated Press · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/meteorology/e/part-1/fog/": {"t": "Fog", "s": "A low-lying cloud that shapes weather, travel, and even microbial life."}, "https://codexery.com/electrical-systems/e/part-1/incandescent-light-bulb/": {"t": "incandescent-light-bulb", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism-and-waves/e/part-1/frequency/": {"t": "frequency", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/crime-and-deviance/e/part-1/torture/": {"t": "torture", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/coffee/e/part-1/coffee/": {"t": "coffee", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/coffee/e/part-1/french-press/": {"t": "french-press", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/coffee/e/part-1/espresso/": {"t": "espresso", "s": ""}, 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