{"https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/part-1/french-revolution/": {"t": "French Revolution", "s": "The 1789–1799 upheaval that toppled the French monarchy and shaped liberal democracy.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/img/part-1/french-revolution.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: French Revolution · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/constitutional-and-rights-law/e/part-1/legitimacy-family-law/": {"t": "legitimacy-family-law", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/part-1/louis-xv/": {"t": "louis-xv", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/jacques-pierre-brissot/": {"t": "Jacques Pierre Brissot", "s": "French journalist, abolitionist, and Girondin revolutionary"}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/e/part-1/jean-jacques-rousseau/": {"t": "Jean-Jacques Rousseau", "s": "Genevan philosopher whose ideas shaped modern political and educational thought.", "i": "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/img/part-1/jean-jacques-rousseau.webp", "c": "Allan Ramsay · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/part-1/louis-xvi/": {"t": "louis-xvi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-concepts/e/part-1/capital-punishment/": {"t": "capital-punishment", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/government-and-law/e/part-1/referendum/": {"t": "referendum", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/government-public-administration/e/part-1/federalism/": {"t": "federalism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/monarchs-and-nobility/e/part-1/marie-antoinette/": {"t": "marie-antoinette", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/folklore-and-mythic-heroes/e/part-1/marianne/": {"t": "marianne", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/mary-wollstonecraft/": {"t": "Mary Wollstonecraft", "s": "Pioneering feminist philosopher and author of A Vindication of the Rights of Woman"}, "https://codexery.com/labor-employment/e/part-1/unemployment/": {"t": "unemployment", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/rage-against-the-machine/e/labels/black-lives-matter/": {"t": "Black Lives Matter", "s": "Four instruments, one frequency: the sound of a system being told it will not survive its own violence."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/culture/los-angeles/": {"t": "Los Angeles", "s": "City of Angels, global hub of culture and innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/relationships-and-human-sexuality/e/part-1/lgbtq-people/": {"t": "LGBTQ people", "s": "Individuals encompassing diverse sexual and gender minority identities."}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/part-1/jehovah-s-witnesses/": {"t": "jehovah-s-witnesses", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/automotive-industry/e/part-1/general-motors/": {"t": "general-motors", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/traditional-alternative-medicine/e/part-1/cannabis-drug/": {"t": "Cannabis (drug)", "s": "A psychoactive drug from the Cannabis plant, used for millennia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/traditional-alternative-medicine/img/part-1/cannabis-drug.webp", "c": "RoodyAlien · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/internet-culture-and-platforms/e/part-1/facebook/": {"t": "facebook", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/part-1/social-media/": {"t": "social-media", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/forms-of-government/e/part-1/president-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "president-of-the-united-states", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/e/part-1/settler-colonialism/": {"t": "settler-colonialism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/society-and-culture/e/part-1/self-determination/": {"t": "Self-determination", "s": "A people's right to form its own political entity."}, "https://codexery.com/women-poets-and-journalists/e/part-1/audre-lorde/": {"t": "Audre Lorde", "s": "Self-described Black, lesbian, feminist, socialist, mother, warrior, poet.", "i": "https://codexery.com/women-poets-and-journalists/img/part-1/audre-lorde.webp", "c": "Zblace · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/e/part-1/frantz-fanon/": {"t": "Frantz Fanon", "s": "Algerian psychiatrist and political philosopher who analyzed the psychopathology of colonization."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/karl-marx/": {"t": "Karl Marx", "s": "German philosopher and revolutionary socialist who developed Marxism."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/e/part-1/vladimir-lenin/": {"t": "vladimir-lenin", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/part-1/mao-zedong/": {"t": "mao-zedong", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/e/part-1/indian-national-congress/": {"t": "indian-national-congress", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/soviet-union/": {"t": "Soviet Union", "s": "The world's flagship communist state and a superpower spanning Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-movements-and-schools/e/part-1/rationalism/": {"t": "Rationalism", "s": "Epistemological view that reason is the chief source of knowledge."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/part-1/telugu-language/": {"t": "telugu-language", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/hinduism-and-jainism/e/part-1/vaishnavism/": {"t": "vaishnavism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/hindu-mythology/e/part-1/hindu-mythology/": {"t": "hindu-mythology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/swami-vivekananda/": {"t": "Swami Vivekananda", "s": "Indian monk who introduced Vedanta and Yoga to the West."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/mahatma-gandhi/": {"t": "Mahatma Gandhi", "s": "Leader of India's nonviolent independence movement"}, "https://codexery.com/indian-states/e/part-1/tamil-nadu/": {"t": "tamil-nadu", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/government-and-law/e/part-1/political-science/": {"t": "political-science", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/society-and-culture/e/part-1/orphanage/": {"t": "Orphanage", "s": "Residential institutions for children unable to be cared for by biological families."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/part-1/propaganda/": {"t": "propaganda", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/social-identity-prejudice/e/part-1/dalit/": {"t": "Dalit", "s": "Term for untouchables and outcasts in the Indian subcontinent."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/part-1/sanskrit/": {"t": "sanskrit", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/part-1/hindi/": {"t": "hindi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/part-1/tamil-language/": {"t": "tamil-language", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/government-public-administration/e/part-1/public-sector/": {"t": "public-sector", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/sza/e/places/st-louis/": {"t": "St. Louis", "s": "St."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/presbyterianism/": {"t": "Presbyterianism", "s": "A Reformed Protestant tradition rooted in Scotland, emphasizing the sovereignty of God and governance by elders."}, "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/e/part-1/harvard-university/": {"t": "Harvard University", "s": "Oldest institution of higher learning in the United States.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/img/part-1/harvard-university.webp", "c": "Daderot · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/part-1/second-world-war/": {"t": "second-world-war", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/political-systems-elections/e/part-1/democratic-party-united-states/": {"t": "Democratic Party (United States)", "s": "World's oldest active political party, center to center-left."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/explorers/h-l-hunt/": {"t": "H. L. Hunt", "s": "Oil tycoon, patriarch of the Hunt dynasty, and one of the world's richest men.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/explorers/h-l-hunt.webp", "c": "H. L. Hunt, author.  H. L. Hunt Press (Dallas, TX), publisher. · via Wikipedia: H. L. Hunt · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/socio-political-concepts/e/part-1/conscription/": {"t": "Conscription", "s": "Compulsory enlistment in national service, enforced by law."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/part-1/delaware/": {"t": "Delaware", "s": "First state to ratify the U.S. Constitution.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/part-1/delaware.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/part-1/indiana/": {"t": "Indiana", "s": "Midwestern state known as the Hoosier State, admitted in 1816.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/part-1/indiana.webp", "c": "Riker, Dorothy Lois, 1904; Indiana. Governor · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/part-1/time-magazine/": {"t": "time-magazine", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/society-and-culture/e/part-1/rape/": {"t": "Rape", "s": "Sexual assault involving non-consensual penetration."}, "https://codexery.com/human-relationships-and-life-stages/e/part-1/civil-union/": {"t": "civil-union", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/international-relations-and-concepts/e/part-1/globalization/": {"t": "globalization", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/society-and-culture/e/part-1/protest/": {"t": "Protest", "s": "Public acts of objection, disapproval, or dissent against political advantage."}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/part-1/catholic-church/": {"t": "catholic-church", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/women-in-stem/e/part-1/gerty-cori/": {"t": "Gerty Cori", "s": "Biochemist who discovered the catalytic conversion of glycogen."}, "https://codexery.com/science-fiction-and-fantasy-writers/e/part-1/margaret-atwood/": {"t": "Margaret Atwood", "s": "Canadian novelist, poet, literary critic, and inventor."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-and-theologians/e/part-1/martin-luther-king-jr/": {"t": "Martin Luther King Jr.", "s": "Civil rights leader who championed nonviolent resistance against racial discrimination."}, "/e/activists-and-social-reformers/rosa-parks/": {"t": "Rosa Parks", "s": "Civil rights activist whose bus protest sparked the Montgomery boycott."}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/part-1/baptists/": {"t": "baptists", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-united-states/e/part-1/wounded-knee-occupation/": {"t": "Wounded Knee Occupation", "s": "1973 occupation by Oglala Lakota and AIM protesting corruption and treaty failures."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/part-1/georgia-u-s-state/": {"t": "Georgia (U.S. state)", "s": "Southern state, last of the Thirteen Colonies, civil rights hub.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/part-1/georgia-u-s-state.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-games/e/part-1/american-football/": {"t": "American football", "s": "Team sport evolved from rugby and soccer, popular in the US."}, "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/e/part-1/supreme-court-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "supreme-court-of-the-united-states", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/j-cole/e/places/atlanta-georgia/": {"t": "Atlanta, Georgia", "s": "College Park, Georgia: where A.J. Cole's journey from Woodward Academy to NFL punter began.", "i": "https://codexery.com/j-cole/img/places/atlanta-georgia.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: AJ Cole (American football) · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/lil-wayne/e/places/new-orleans/": {"t": "New Orleans", "s": "The bayou city that raised a rapper and the rapper who made the world hear the bayou."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/washington-d-c/": {"t": "Washington, D.C.", "s": "The federal capital city of the United States, anchored on the Potomac River."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/part-1/mississippi/": {"t": "Mississippi", "s": "State in the Southeastern and Deep South regions of the United States.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/part-1/mississippi.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/us-cities/e/part-1/st-augustine-florida/": {"t": "St. Augustine, Florida", "s": "Oldest continuously inhabited European settlement in the contiguous U.S.", "i": "https://codexery.com/us-cities/img/part-1/st-augustine-florida.webp", "c": "Uncredited · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/foo-fighters/e/places/chicago/": {"t": "Chicago", "s": "A wind-swept city where the spirit of rock and roll never sleeps."}, "https://codexery.com/apollo-11/e/part-1/apollo-11/": {"t": "apollo-11", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/capes-and-headlands/e/part-1/cape-canaveral/": {"t": "cape-canaveral", "s": ""}, "/e/activists-and-social-reformers/russell-means/": {"t": "Russell Means", "s": "Oglala Lakota activist, actor, and leader in the American Indian Movement."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutionaries-and-activists-of-the-ame/e/part-1/dennis-banks/": {"t": "Dennis Banks", "s": "Co-founder of AIM and leader of the Wounded Knee occupation.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutionaries-and-activists-of-the-ame/img/part-1/dennis-banks.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Dennis Banks · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/magazines/e/part-1/life-magazine/": {"t": "life-magazine", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/part-1/the-atlantic/": {"t": "the-atlantic", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/part-1/the-new-york-times/": {"t": "the-new-york-times", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/american-state-capitals/e/part-1/hartford-connecticut/": {"t": "hartford-connecticut", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/person-of-interest/e/lore/privacy-rights/": {"t": "Privacy Rights", "s": "The legal and moral claim to be left alone, tested by mass surveillance in the digital age."}, "https://codexery.com/corporations/e/part-1/microsoft/": {"t": "microsoft", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/corporations/e/part-1/nike-inc/": {"t": "nike-inc", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/auteur-directors/e/part-1/spike-lee/": {"t": "spike-lee", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/nhl-arenas/e/part-1/madison-square-garden/": {"t": "madison-square-garden", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/modern-leading-men-women/e/part-1/susan-sarandon/": {"t": "susan-sarandon", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/pearl-jam/e/people/eddie-vedder/": {"t": "Eddie Vedder", "s": "A raspy voice from the Pacific coast that turned rock concerts into acts of collective conscience."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/howard-zinn/": {"t": "Howard Zinn", "s": "Historian who wrote A People's History of the United States."}, "https://codexery.com/rage-against-the-machine/e/people/tom-morello/": {"t": "Tom Morello", "s": "The man who turned a guitar into a weapon, a voice, and a revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-concepts-doctrines/e/part-1/extradition/": {"t": "extradition", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/crime-and-deviance/e/part-1/torture/": {"t": "torture", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/modern-political-activists-and-theorists/e/part-1/shirin-ebadi/": {"t": "shirin-ebadi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/pioneers-in-medicine-and-physiology/e/part-1/rita-levi-montalcini/": {"t": "Rita Levi-Montalcini", "s": "Italian neurobiologist who shared the 1986 Nobel Prize for discovering nerve growth factor.", "i": "https://codexery.com/pioneers-in-medicine-and-physiology/img/part-1/rita-levi-montalcini.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Rita Levi-Montalcini · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/as-roma/e/stadiums/rome/": {"t": "Rome", "s": "An eternal city where ancient history pulses with the yellow-red heartbeat of its football club."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/italy/": {"t": "Italy", "s": "A cultural superpower with the eighth-largest economy and the most UNESCO sites."}, "https://codexery.com/nonfiction-philosophy/e/part-1/coming-of-age-in-samoa/": {"t": "coming-of-age-in-samoa", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/archaeologists-and-anthropologists/e/part-1/napoleon-chagnon/": {"t": "napoleon-chagnon", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ed-sheeran/e/places/london/": {"t": "London", "s": "The electric metropolis where a Suffolk dreamer became a global superstar."}, "https://codexery.com/textile-production/e/part-1/spinning-mule/": {"t": "Spinning mule", "s": "Machine that spun cotton and wool into yarn."}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-united-states/e/part-1/american-civil-war/": {"t": "American Civil War", "s": "Civil war between the Union and Confederacy over slavery and secession."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/part-1/pennsylvania/": {"t": "Pennsylvania", "s": "Fifth-most populous U.S. state, founded as a haven for tolerance."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/e/part-1/james-madison/": {"t": "james-madison", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/part-1/tennessee/": {"t": "Tennessee", "s": "Southeastern state with three Grand Divisions, rich musical heritage, and a western border on the Mississippi River."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/part-1/hampshire/": {"t": "hampshire", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/isaac-newton/": {"t": "Isaac Newton", "s": "English polymath who formulated laws of motion and universal gravitation."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/e/part-1/plato/": {"t": "plato", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/denis-diderot/": {"t": "Denis Diderot", "s": "Co-founder and chief editor of the Encyclopédie, a key figure of the Enlightenment."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/john-locke/": {"t": "John Locke", "s": "Father of liberalism and influential Enlightenment thinker"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/james-mill/": {"t": "James Mill", "s": "Scottish historian, economist, and father of John Stuart Mill."}, "https://codexery.com/economic-and-social-concepts/e/part-1/laissez-faire/": {"t": "laissez-faire", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/part-1/napoleonic-wars/": {"t": "Napoleonic Wars", "s": "Global conflicts from 1803 to 1815, featuring coalitions against Napoleon and French domination of Europe.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/part-1/napoleonic-wars.webp", "c": "Ruedi33a · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/inventors/e/part-1/benjamin-franklin/": {"t": "benjamin-franklin", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/international-relations-and-concepts/e/part-1/imperialism/": {"t": "imperialism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/part-1/world-war-i/": {"t": "world-war-i", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/part-1/russian-revolution/": {"t": "Russian Revolution", "s": "A period of revolution and civil war that ended monarchy and established socialist rule."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-of-1917-1923/e/part-1/german-revolution-of-1918-1919/": {"t": "German revolution of 1918–1919", "s": "Revolution that ended the German Empire and founded the Weimar Republic."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/berlin/": {"t": "Berlin", "s": "The heart of Europe, a city of culture and history."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/part-1/warsaw/": {"t": "warsaw", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/orthodox-judaism/": {"t": "Orthodox Judaism", "s": "The traditionalist branches of Judaism, holding the Written and Oral Torah as divinely revealed at Sinai.", "i": "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/img/part-1/orthodox-judaism.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Orthodox Judaism · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/part-1/tuberculosis/": {"t": "tuberculosis", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/writers-poets/e/part-1/adam-mickiewicz/": {"t": "Adam Mickiewicz", "s": "Polish Romantic poet and national bard of Poland, Lithuania, and Belarus.", "i": "https://codexery.com/writers-poets/img/part-1/adam-mickiewicz.webp", "c": "Unknown authorUnknown author · via Wikipedia: Adam Mickiewicz · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts-and-schools/e/part-1/political-economy/": {"t": "political-economy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/social-reformers-and-humanitarians/e/part-1/georgi-plekhanov/": {"t": "Georgi Plekhanov", "s": "Founder of Russian Marxism and key Menshevik theorist."}, "https://codexery.com/marriage-and-kinship/e/part-1/marriage-of-convenience/": {"t": "marriage-of-convenience", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/political-theorists-and-social-scientist/e/part-1/karl-kautsky/": {"t": "Karl Kautsky", "s": "Orthodox Marxist theorist and leading figure of the SPD."}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/part-1/saxony/": {"t": "saxony", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-activists-dissidents/e/part-1/clara-zetkin/": {"t": "clara-zetkin", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/part-1/wroc-aw/": {"t": "wroc-aw", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/leon-trotsky/": {"t": "Leon Trotsky", "s": "Russian revolutionary, Soviet politician, and Marxist theorist."}, "https://codexery.com/political-systems-elections/e/part-1/freedom-of-the-press/": {"t": "Freedom of the press", "s": "Principle of minimal government censorship over published expression."}, "https://codexery.com/political-systems-elections/e/part-1/freedom-of-assembly/": {"t": "Freedom of assembly", "s": "The right to peaceably assemble and collectively express ideas."}, "https://codexery.com/society-and-culture/e/part-1/poverty/": {"t": "Poverty", "s": "A condition of lacking financial resources and essentials for basic living."}, "https://codexery.com/eminem/e/places/detroit/": {"t": "Detroit", "s": "The rusted, resilient city that forged the world's most famous rapper from its concrete streets."}, "https://codexery.com/bruce-springsteen/e/awards/presidential-medal-of-freedom/": {"t": "Presidential Medal of Freedom", "s": "The nation's highest civilian honor recognizing a lifetime of defining the American spirit through music."}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous/e/part-1/carpentry/": {"t": "carpentry", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-church-bodies/e/part-1/african-methodist-episcopal-church/": {"t": "african-methodist-episcopal-church", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-church-bodies/e/part-1/black-church/": {"t": "black-church", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philadelphia-76ers/e/stadiums/philadelphia/": {"t": "Philadelphia", "s": "The gritty, soulful city where the Sixers legacy is forged in fire and celebrated with unmatched passion."}, "https://codexery.com/social-identity-prejudice/e/part-1/discrimination-based-on-skin-tone/": {"t": "Discrimination based on skin tone", "s": "Prejudice based on skin tone, often favoring lighter skin."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-concepts/e/part-1/bail/": {"t": "bail", "s": ""}, "/e/activists-and-social-reformers/ralph-abernathy/": {"t": "Ralph Abernathy", "s": "Civil rights leader and close working partner of Martin Luther King Jr."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-courts/e/part-1/appeal/": {"t": "appeal", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/part-1/louisiana/": {"t": "Louisiana", "s": "U.S. state with French heritage, parishes, and Gulf Coast.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/part-1/louisiana.webp", "c": "Mark Holloway · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/artists/norman-rockwell/": {"t": "Norman Rockwell", "s": "American painter and illustrator known for his Saturday Evening Post covers and depictions of American life.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/artists/norman-rockwell.webp", "c": "en:Underwood & Underwood · via Wikipedia: Norman Rockwell · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/american-state-capitals/e/part-1/little-rock-arkansas/": {"t": "little-rock-arkansas", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/famous-figures-with-unique-distinctions/e/part-1/ryan-white/": {"t": "Ryan White", "s": "Teenager whose AIDS diagnosis sparked a national conversation."}, "https://codexery.com/whitney-houston/e/places/the-white-house/": {"t": "The White House", "s": "Where the nation's highest stage met the world's most powerful voice."}, "https://codexery.com/tennis/e/part-1/serena-williams/": {"t": "Serena Williams", "s": "American tennis player with 23 major singles titles."}, "https://codexery.com/society-and-culture/e/part-1/patriotism/": {"t": "Patriotism", "s": "Love and devotion to one's country, distinct from nationalism."}, "https://codexery.com/forms-of-government/e/part-1/parliamentary-system/": {"t": "parliamentary-system", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-games/e/part-1/decathlon/": {"t": "Decathlon", "s": "Ten-event test of versatility, crowned 'World's Greatest Athlete'."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/part-1/hungarian-revolution-of-1956/": {"t": "Hungarian Revolution of 1956", "s": "A 13-day uprising against Soviet domination, crushed by Soviet forces.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/img/part-1/hungarian-revolution-of-1956.webp", "c": "Globetrotter19 · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "/e/activists-and-social-reformers/rosa-luxemburg/": {"t": "Rosa Luxemburg", "s": "Polish-German Marxist theorist and revolutionary leader."}, "https://codexery.com/publishers-and-media-moguls/e/part-1/axel-springer/": {"t": "Axel Springer", "s": "German publisher and founder of Axel Springer SE"}, "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/e/part-1/free-university-of-berlin/": {"t": "Free University of Berlin", "s": "A public research university founded in West Berlin in 1948, known for its excellence and commitment to academic freedom.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/img/part-1/free-university-of-berlin.webp", "c": "Gunnar Klack · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/universities/e/part-1/humboldt-university-of-berlin/": {"t": "Humboldt University of Berlin", "s": "A public research university in Berlin, Germany, known for pioneering the Humboldtian model of higher education.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities/img/part-1/humboldt-university-of-berlin.webp", "c": "Neuköllner · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/martin-heidegger/": {"t": "Martin Heidegger", "s": "German philosopher who developed phenomenology, hermeneutics, and existentialism, and whose work was shaped by his controversial Nazi involvement."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/jean-paul-sartre/": {"t": "Jean-Paul Sartre", "s": "French existentialist philosopher, political activist, and writer"}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers/e/part-1/gy-rgy-luk-cs/": {"t": "György Lukács", "s": "Hungarian Marxist philosopher and literary critic."}, "https://codexery.com/protestant-reformers-theologians/e/part-1/karl-barth/": {"t": "Karl Barth", "s": "Swiss Reformed theologian who broke from liberal theology."}, "https://codexery.com/protestant-reformers-theologians/e/part-1/paul-tillich/": {"t": "Paul Tillich", "s": "German-American theologian and existentialist philosopher."}, "https://codexery.com/political-and-social-theorists/e/part-1/guy-debord/": {"t": "Guy Debord", "s": "French Marxist theorist and filmmaker who founded the Situationist International and authored The Society of the Spectacle."}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-activists-dissidents/e/part-1/ulrike-meinhof/": {"t": "ulrike-meinhof", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/part-1/mohammad-reza-pahlavi/": {"t": "mohammad-reza-pahlavi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/j-rgen-habermas/": {"t": "Jürgen Habermas", "s": "German philosopher and social theorist known for communicative rationality and the public sphere."}, "https://codexery.com/common-diseases-disorders/e/part-1/concussion/": {"t": "concussion", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historic-and-sacred-architecture/e/part-1/mount-rushmore/": {"t": "mount-rushmore", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/part-1/indigenous-peoples/": {"t": "indigenous-peoples", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/e/part-1/sitting-bull/": {"t": "sitting-bull", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/george-armstrong-custer/": {"t": "George Armstrong Custer", "s": "The controversial cavalry commander of the Civil War and Indian Wars, known for his dramatic end at the Little Bighorn.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/leaders/george-armstrong-custer.webp", "c": "Photographer is Mathew Brady (died 1896) and his field staff · via Wikipedia: George Armstrong Custer · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/news-media/e/part-1/associated-press/": {"t": "associated-press", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/publishers-and-media-moguls/e/part-1/larry-flynt/": {"t": "Larry Flynt", "s": "Publisher, First Amendment fighter, and Hustler magazine founder."}, "/e/activists-and-social-reformers/ralph-nader/": {"t": "Ralph Nader", "s": "Political activist, author, lecturer and attorney who ran for president in 2000 as the Green Party nominee."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/part-1/south-dakota/": {"t": "South Dakota", "s": "Landlocked Great Plains state named after the Dakota Sioux."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/part-1/north-dakota/": {"t": "North Dakota", "s": "Landlocked Great Plains state with a state-run bank."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/part-1/nebraska/": {"t": "Nebraska", "s": "Landlocked Midwestern state with a unicameral legislature and flat-water name."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states-and-territories/e/part-1/wyoming/": {"t": "Wyoming", "s": "Least populous U.S. state, first to grant women's suffrage."}, "https://codexery.com/social-identity-prejudice/e/part-1/antisemitism/": {"t": "Antisemitism", "s": "Hostility or prejudice against Jews."}, "https://codexery.com/sociologists-and-political-theorists/e/part-1/ernest-burgess/": {"t": "Ernest Burgess", "s": "Canadian-American urban sociologist and 24th President of the American Sociological Society"}, "https://codexery.com/social-scientists-and-sociologists/e/part-1/robert-e-park/": {"t": "Robert E. Park", "s": "American urban sociologist who shaped early U.S. sociology."}, "https://codexery.com/crime-justice/e/part-1/criminology/": {"t": "criminology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/jurists/al-capone/": {"t": "Al Capone", "s": "American gangster and co-founder of the Chicago Outfit", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/jurists/al-capone.webp", "c": "Chicago Bureau (Federal Bureau of Investigation) - Wide World Photos. · via Wikipedia: Al Capone · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/part-1/spanish-civil-war/": {"t": "spanish-civil-war", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/franklin-d-roosevelt/": {"t": "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "s": "32nd US president who led the nation through the Great Depression and World War II."}, "https://codexery.com/social-scientists-and-sociologists/e/part-1/robert-d-putnam/": {"t": "Robert D. Putnam", "s": "Political scientist who theorized social capital decline in America."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutionaries-and-activists-of-the-ame/e/part-1/dolores-huerta/": {"t": "Dolores Huerta", "s": "Labor leader and feminist who co-founded the United Farm Workers.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutionaries-and-activists-of-the-ame/img/part-1/dolores-huerta.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Dolores Huerta · see source"}, "/e/activists-and-social-reformers/stokely-carmichael/": {"t": "Stokely Carmichael", "s": "Trinidadian-American activist who popularized Black Power."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/part-1/vietnam-war/": {"t": "vietnam-war", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/part-1/playboy/": {"t": "playboy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/part-1/the-holocaust/": {"t": "the-holocaust", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/friedrich-engels/": {"t": "Friedrich Engels", "s": "Revolutionary socialist and co-founder of Marxism"}, "https://codexery.com/relationships-and-human-sexuality/e/part-1/orgasm/": {"t": "Orgasm", "s": "Sudden release of sexual excitement with involuntary pelvic contractions."}, "https://codexery.com/j-cole/e/places/new-york-city/": {"t": "New York City", "s": "Where the brown-bulleted J and Z trains run 24/7 between Queens and Lower Manhattan, with skip-stop patterns dating to 1988.", "i": "https://codexery.com/j-cole/img/places/new-york-city.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: J/Z (New York City Subway service) · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/crime-and-deviance/e/part-1/sexual-harassment/": {"t": "sexual-harassment", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/part-1/nova-scotia/": {"t": "nova-scotia", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/person-of-interest/e/world/lower-east-side/": {"t": "Lower East Side", "s": "Historic immigrant neighborhood in southeastern Manhattan, between the Bowery and the East River.", "i": "https://codexery.com/person-of-interest/img/world/lower-east-side.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Lower East Side · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/e/part-1/schizophrenia/": {"t": "schizophrenia", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/political-theorists-and-social-scientist/e/part-1/kate-millett/": {"t": "Kate Millett", "s": "American feminist writer and activist, author of Sexual Politics."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/part-1/dutch-language/": {"t": "dutch-language", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/political-systems-elections/e/part-1/federal-government-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "Federal government of the United States", "s": "National government of the United States, established by the Constitution."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/ghana/": {"t": "Ghana", "s": "First Sub-Saharan African colony to achieve sovereignty."}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/part-1/methodism/": {"t": "methodism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/judaism/": {"t": "Judaism", "s": "An Abrahamic, monotheistic ethnic religion of the Jewish people."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-reformers-and-mystics/e/part-1/william-miller-preacher/": {"t": "william-miller-preacher", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/socio-political-concepts/e/part-1/pacifism/": {"t": "Pacifism", "s": "Opposition to war or violence, coined in 1901."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/frederick-douglass/": {"t": "Frederick Douglass", "s": "Escaped slavery; became leading abolitionist orator and writer."}, "https://codexery.com/songs-compositions/e/part-1/auld-lang-syne/": {"t": "Auld Lang Syne", "s": "A Scottish song of farewell and remembrance, sung worldwide at New Year and other occasions."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/seventh-day-adventist-church/": {"t": "Seventh-day Adventist Church", "s": "A global Protestant denomination rooted in the Millerite movement, emphasizing Saturday Sabbath, the Second Coming, and holistic health."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/abraham-lincoln/": {"t": "Abraham Lincoln", "s": "16th president who led the Union through the Civil War and abolished slavery."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/ulysses-s-grant/": {"t": "Ulysses S. Grant", "s": "18th U.S. President and Commanding General of the Union Army"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/trinidad-and-tobago/": {"t": "Trinidad and Tobago", "s": "The southernmost Caribbean archipelago with a rich industrial economy and vibrant cultural heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/e/part-1/prostate-cancer/": {"t": "prostate-cancer", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/literary-giants/e/part-1/toni-morrison/": {"t": "toni-morrison", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/writers-poets/e/part-1/bertolt-brecht/": {"t": "Bertolt Brecht", "s": "German theatre practitioner, playwright, and poet.", "i": "https://codexery.com/writers-poets/img/part-1/bertolt-brecht.webp", "c": "Kolbe, Jörg · via Wikipedia: Bertolt Brecht · CC BY-SA 3.0 de"}, "https://codexery.com/classical-opera/e/part-1/kurt-weill/": {"t": "kurt-weill", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/part-1/the-washington-post/": {"t": "the-washington-post", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/american-state-capitals/e/part-1/jackson-mississippi/": {"t": "jackson-mississippi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/bigcats/e/part-1/black-panther/": {"t": "black-panther", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophy-theory/e/part-1/the-wretched-of-the-earth/": {"t": "The Wretched of the Earth", "s": "Frantz Fanon’s 1961 book The Wretched of the Earth examines how colonisation dehumanises both individuals and entire nations from a psychoanalytic perspective."}, "/e/activists-and-social-reformers/saul-alinsky/": {"t": "Saul Alinsky", "s": "Community organizer who defended confrontation and compromise for social justice."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutionaries-and-activists-of-the-ame/e/part-1/huey-p-newton/": {"t": "Huey P. Newton", "s": "Co-founder of the Black Panther Party and revolutionary activist."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/kwame-nkrumah/": {"t": "Kwame Nkrumah", "s": "First prime minister and president of Ghana, pan-Africanist leader."}, "https://codexery.com/european-religious-and-political-conflic/e/part-1/irish-war-of-independence/": {"t": "irish-war-of-independence", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/part-1/second-italo-ethiopian-war/": {"t": "Second Italo-Ethiopian War", "s": "Italy's largest colonial campaign, ending in Ethiopia's annexation."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/haile-selassie/": {"t": "Haile Selassie", "s": "Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974, modernizer and key figure in African unity."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures-leaders/e/part-1/peter-kropotkin/": {"t": "peter-kropotkin", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/architectural-styles-and-landmarks/e/part-1/palace-of-westminster/": {"t": "palace-of-westminster", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/e/part-1/house-of-commons-of-the-united-kingdom/": {"t": "house-of-commons-of-the-united-kingdom", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/labor-employment/e/part-1/scientific-management/": {"t": "scientific-management", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/part-1/southern-united-states/": {"t": "southern-united-states", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/labor-employment/e/part-1/sweatshop/": {"t": "sweatshop", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/disasters/e/part-1/the-triangle-shirtwaist-fire/": {"t": "the-triangle-shirtwaist-fire", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/elton-john/e/places/royal-albert-hall/": {"t": "Royal Albert Hall", "s": "The London venue where Dua Lipa filmed her 2024 television special with a 53-piece orchestra."}, "https://codexery.com/forms-of-government/e/part-1/one-party-state/": {"t": "one-party-state", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts-and-schools/e/part-1/planned-economy/": {"t": "planned-economy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-british-empire/e/part-1/easter-rising/": {"t": "Easter Rising", "s": "Armed insurrection in Ireland during Easter Week 1916."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/mumbai/": {"t": "Mumbai", "s": "Financial and entertainment capital of India, built on seven islands."}, "https://codexery.com/political-leaders-revolutionaries/e/part-1/benito-mussolini/": {"t": "Benito Mussolini", "s": "Italian dictator who founded fascism and led Italy in World War II."}, "https://codexery.com/taylor-swift/e/labels/time-magazine-person-of-the-year-2023/": {"t": "Time Magazine Person of the Year (2023)", "s": "The global pop icon recognized as the definitive cultural force of 2023."}, "https://codexery.com/social-identity-prejudice/e/part-1/minority-group/": {"t": "Minority group", "s": "A group experiencing disadvantage relative to a dominant social group."}, "https://codexery.com/internet-culture-and-platforms/e/part-1/myspace/": {"t": "myspace", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/part-1/arab-spring/": {"t": "Arab Spring", "s": "A wave of pro-democracy uprisings across the Arab world in the early 2010s.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/img/part-1/arab-spring.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Arab Spring · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/ottoman-and-middle-eastern-leaders/e/part-1/zine-el-abidine-ben-ali/": {"t": "Zine El Abidine Ben Ali", "s": "Tunisian president overthrown in the Arab Spring."}, "https://codexery.com/shakira/e/labels/the-clinton-foundation/": {"t": "The Clinton Foundation", "s": "Where a pop star's voice meets policy, classrooms fill and communities rebuild."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/part-1/israeli-palestinian-conflict/": {"t": "Israeli–Palestinian conflict", "s": "Ongoing conflict over land and self-determination in former Mandatory Palestine.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/img/part-1/israeli-palestinian-conflict.webp", "c": "Nizzan Cohen · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/international-organizations-and-agreemen/e/part-1/gulf-cooperation-council/": {"t": "gulf-cooperation-council", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/international-organizations-and-agreemen/e/part-1/international-criminal-court/": {"t": "international-criminal-court", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/political-leaders-revolutionaries/e/part-1/ellen-johnson-sirleaf/": {"t": "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf", "s": "Liberia's Iron Lady and first elected female head of state in Africa.", "i": "https://codexery.com/political-leaders-revolutionaries/img/part-1/ellen-johnson-sirleaf.webp", "c": "PMO Barbados · via Wikipedia: Ellen Johnson Sirleaf · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/saudi-arabia/": {"t": "Saudi Arabia", "s": "The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a land of ancient heritage, vast deserts, and global influence.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/img/honours/saudi-arabia.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Saudi Arabia at the FIFA World Cup · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/journalists-broadcasters/e/part-1/jamal-khashoggi/": {"t": "jamal-khashoggi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ed-sheeran/e/events/youtube/": {"t": "YouTube", "s": "The red button that turned a bedroom guitar into a billion-voice chorus."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/ramadan/": {"t": "ramadan", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/straits-and-channels/e/part-1/suez-canal/": {"t": "Suez Canal", "s": "The Suez Canal: a vital sea-level waterway linking the Mediterranean and Red Seas, dividing Africa and Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/part-1/journalism/": {"t": "journalism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/part-1/yiddish/": {"t": "yiddish", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/jerusalem/": {"t": "Jerusalem", "s": "A holy city to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, and a focal point of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/wolfe-tone/": {"t": "Wolfe Tone", "s": "Revolutionary exponent of Irish independence and iconic figure for Irish republicanism."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas/e/part-1/sinai-peninsula/": {"t": "Sinai Peninsula", "s": "Peninsula in Egypt, land bridge between Africa and Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/part-1/saint-petersburg/": {"t": "saint-petersburg", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/e/part-1/lower-austria/": {"t": "Lower Austria", "s": "Largest Austrian state by area, second-most-populous, capital Sankt Pölten since 1986.", "i": "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/img/part-1/lower-austria.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Lower Austria · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/part-1/hebrew-language/": {"t": "hebrew-language", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/part-1/gonorrhea/": {"t": "gonorrhea", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/addictive-substances-medications/e/part-1/heroin/": {"t": "heroin", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/part-1/bordeaux/": {"t": "bordeaux", "s": ""}}