{"/e/abrahamic-religions-and-criticism/garden-of-eden/": {"t": "Garden of Eden", "s": "Biblical paradise of Adam and Eve, source of four rivers."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/maimonides/": {"t": "Maimonides", "s": "Sephardic Jewish rabbi, philosopher, and physician of the Middle Ages"}, "https://codexery.com/classes-of-angels/e/part-1/seraph/": {"t": "seraph", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/classes-of-angels/e/part-1/throne-angel/": {"t": "throne-angel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/book-of-ezekiel/": {"t": "book-of-ezekiel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/birds/e/part-1/bird/": {"t": "bird", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/classes-of-angels/e/part-1/archangel/": {"t": "archangel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/gnosticism/": {"t": "Gnosticism", "s": "A diverse collection of ancient religious and philosophical systems emphasizing personal spiritual knowledge (gnosis) over institutional authority."}, "https://codexery.com/mythological-creatures/e/part-1/tetramorph/": {"t": "tetramorph", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-civilizations/e/part-1/phoenicia/": {"t": "phoenicia", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/lost-civilizations/e/part-1/the-hittites/": {"t": "the-hittites", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-israel/e/part-1/tel-megiddo/": {"t": "Tel Megiddo", "s": "Ancient Canaanite and Israelite city, site of Armageddon."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/book-of-genesis/": {"t": "book-of-genesis", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/books-of-samuel/": {"t": "books-of-samuel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/judaism/": {"t": "Judaism", "s": "An Abrahamic, monotheistic ethnic religion of the Jewish people."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/josephus/": {"t": "Josephus", "s": "Roman–Jewish historian and military leader, author of The Jewish War and Antiquities of the Jews."}, "https://codexery.com/early-church-fathers-and-saints/e/part-1/thomas-aquinas/": {"t": "thomas-aquinas", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/roman-mythology/e/part-1/roman-mythology/": {"t": "Roman mythology", "s": "Roman myths blend history, politics, and divine destiny.", "i": "https://codexery.com/roman-mythology/img/part-1/roman-mythology.webp", "c": "Wikimedia Commons · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-greece/e/part-1/church-of-hosios-david/": {"t": "Church of Hosios David", "s": "Late 5th-century church with notable Byzantine mosaics and frescoes."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/part-1/september-11-attacks/": {"t": "september-11-attacks", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/quran/": {"t": "quran", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/islamic-philosophy/": {"t": "islamic-philosophy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/human-evolution/e/part-1/human-evolution/": {"t": "human-evolution", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/theology-and-religious-concepts/e/part-1/existence-of-god/": {"t": "Existence of God", "s": "Debate on God's existence spans logical, empirical, and metaphysical arguments."}, "/e/abrahamic-religions-and-criticism/islamic-world/": {"t": "Islamic world", "s": "Global community of those adhering to Islam."}, "https://codexery.com/theological-and-philosophical-debates/e/part-1/apostasy/": {"t": "Apostasy", "s": "Formal renunciation of a religion or belief."}, "https://codexery.com/persian-arabic-poets/e/part-1/al-ma-arri/": {"t": "Al-Ma'arri", "s": "Arab philosopher, poet, and controversial rationalist of the Abbasid era.", "i": "https://codexery.com/persian-arabic-poets/img/part-1/al-ma-arri.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Al-Ma'arri · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/theological-and-philosophical-debates/e/part-1/apologetics/": {"t": "Apologetics", "s": "Defense of religious doctrines through systematic argumentation."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/part-1/middle-ages/": {"t": "middle-ages", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/john-locke/": {"t": "John Locke", "s": "Father of liberalism and influential Enlightenment thinker"}, "https://codexery.com/mystery-crime-writers/e/part-1/g-k-chesterton/": {"t": "g-k-chesterton", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/david-hume/": {"t": "David Hume", "s": "Scottish philosopher known for empiricism and scepticism."}, "https://codexery.com/government-and-law/e/part-1/politics/": {"t": "politics", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/catholic-popes-cardinals/e/part-1/pope-benedict-xvi/": {"t": "pope-benedict-xvi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/literary-giants/e/part-1/wole-soyinka/": {"t": "wole-soyinka", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/alexander-the-great/": {"t": "Alexander the Great", "s": "King of Macedon who created a vast empire from Greece to India."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/hadith/": {"t": "hadith", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/christianity/": {"t": "Christianity", "s": "World's largest religion, centered on Jesus Christ."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/sharia/": {"t": "sharia", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/bah-faith/": {"t": "Baháʼí Faith", "s": "Concept in the Baháʼí Faith referring to prophets as perfect mirrors of God's attributes."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/book-of-daniel/": {"t": "book-of-daniel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/jerusalem/": {"t": "Jerusalem", "s": "A holy city to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, and a focal point of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/nebuchadnezzar-ii/": {"t": "Nebuchadnezzar II", "s": "The Great Builder and Conqueror of Babylon"}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-groups/e/part-1/persians/": {"t": "persians", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/narrative-forms-and-devices/e/part-1/roman-clef/": {"t": "roman-clef", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/deified-male-monarchs/e/part-1/antiochus-iv-epiphanes/": {"t": "antiochus-iv-epiphanes", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-cities/e/part-1/susa/": {"t": "susa", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/characters-in-epic-poems/e/part-1/danel/": {"t": "danel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/legends/e/part-1/belshazzar-s-feast/": {"t": "belshazzar-s-feast", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/part-1/medes/": {"t": "medes", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/jewish-mythology/e/part-1/darius-the-mede/": {"t": "darius-the-mede", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/book-of-jeremiah/": {"t": "book-of-jeremiah", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/book-of-esther/": {"t": "book-of-esther", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-mysteries/e/part-1/the-dead-sea-scrolls/": {"t": "the-dead-sea-scrolls", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-scriptures-and-epistles/e/part-1/gospel-of-matthew/": {"t": "gospel-of-matthew", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/part-1/eastern-orthodox-church/": {"t": "eastern-orthodox-church", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/part-1/noun/": {"t": "noun", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/linguistic-concepts-and-phenomena/e/part-1/morphology-linguistics/": {"t": "morphology-linguistics", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/writing-systems/e/part-1/hebrew-alphabet/": {"t": "Hebrew alphabet", "s": "A 22-letter abjad used for Hebrew and Jewish languages."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/part-1/semitic-languages/": {"t": "semitic-languages", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions/e/part-1/yahweh/": {"t": "yahweh", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/religious/rashi/": {"t": "Rashi", "s": "Medieval French rabbi and commentator whose works remain central to Torah study."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/e/part-1/idolatry/": {"t": "Idolatry", "s": "Worship of an idol as though it were a deity, forbidden in Abrahamic religions."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/religious/abraham-ibn-ezra/": {"t": "Abraham ibn Ezra", "s": "Medieval Jewish commentator, philosopher, and pioneer of biblical criticism."}, "https://codexery.com/individual-angels/e/part-1/michael-archangel/": {"t": "michael-archangel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/part-1/hebrew-language/": {"t": "hebrew-language", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/genesis-creation-narrative/e/part-1/priestly-source/": {"t": "priestly-source", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/genesis-creation-narrative/e/part-1/jahwist/": {"t": "jahwist", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/literary-forms-tropes/e/part-1/anthropomorphism/": {"t": "anthropomorphism", "s": ""}, "/e/abrahamic-religions-and-criticism/iblis/": {"t": "Iblis", "s": "Leader of the devils in Islam, cast out for refusing to bow to Adam."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-theology/e/part-1/christian-theology/": {"t": "christian-theology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/e/part-1/genesis-creation-narrative/": {"t": "genesis-creation-narrative", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-scholars-mystics/e/part-1/ibn-abbas/": {"t": "ibn-abbas", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-theology/e/part-1/christian-culture/": {"t": "christian-culture", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/society-and-culture/e/part-1/popular-culture/": {"t": "Popular culture", "s": "Dominant practices and beliefs of a society at a given time."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/dante-alighieri/": {"t": "Dante Alighieri", "s": "Italian poet who wrote the Divine Comedy in the vernacular."}, "https://codexery.com/classic-poetry-and-epics/e/part-1/the-divine-comedy/": {"t": "the-divine-comedy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/classic-poetry-and-epics/e/part-1/paradise-lost/": {"t": "paradise-lost", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/book-of-psalms/": {"t": "book-of-psalms", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/book-of-isaiah/": {"t": "book-of-isaiah", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/war-in-mythology/e/part-1/the-book-of-giants/": {"t": "The Book of Giants", "s": "Apocryphal pre-Flood narrative of Watchers and giants."}, "https://codexery.com/classes-of-angels/e/part-1/watcher-angel/": {"t": "watcher-angel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/origin-myths/e/part-1/etiology/": {"t": "Etiology", "s": "Study of causes, origins, or reasons behind phenomena."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/book-of-leviticus/": {"t": "book-of-leviticus", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/part-1/hellenistic-period/": {"t": "hellenistic-period", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/individual-angels/e/part-1/mastema/": {"t": "mastema", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/jewish-folklore/e/part-1/aggadah/": {"t": "aggadah", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-mythology/e/part-1/cave-of-treasures/": {"t": "cave-of-treasures", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/bible/e/gospels/luke/": {"t": "Luke", "s": "The third canonical Gospel, first half of Luke-Acts, tracing Jesus from birth to ascension.", "i": "https://codexery.com/bible/img/gospels/luke.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Gospel of Luke · see source"}, "/e/abrahamic-religions-and-criticism/hell-in-christianity/": {"t": "Hell in Christianity", "s": "Christian concept of divine judgment and separation from God."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/e/part-1/paul-the-apostle/": {"t": "Paul the Apostle", "s": "Apostle to the Gentiles and author of many New Testament epistles."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/book-of-revelation/": {"t": "book-of-revelation", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-scriptures-and-epistles/e/part-1/first-epistle-to-the-corinthians/": {"t": "first-epistle-to-the-corinthians", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/beliefs-and-practices/e/part-1/supernatural/": {"t": "supernatural", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/ramadan/": {"t": "ramadan", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/five-pillars-of-islam/": {"t": "five-pillars-of-islam", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/confucianism/": {"t": "Confucianism", "s": "A system of thought emphasizing virtue, harmony, and familial responsibility."}, "https://codexery.com/bruce-lee/e/places/taoism/": {"t": "Taoism", "s": "Be like water: the ultimate path to fluidity and formless combat."}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/part-1/indigenous-peoples-of-mexico/": {"t": "indigenous-peoples-of-mexico", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/part-1/protestantism/": {"t": "protestantism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/part-1/reformation/": {"t": "reformation", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/festivals-and-celebrations/e/part-1/good-friday/": {"t": "good-friday", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/emotions/e/part-1/lust/": {"t": "lust", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/reproduction-and-development/e/part-1/menstruation/": {"t": "Menstruation", "s": "Regular discharge of uterine lining triggered by hormonal changes."}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions/e/part-1/wudu/": {"t": "wudu", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/common-diseases-disorders/e/part-1/diabetes/": {"t": "diabetes", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/e/part-1/fasting/": {"t": "Fasting", "s": "Fasting: from metabolic state to religious ritual and political protest."}, "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/e/part-1/roman-law/": {"t": "roman-law", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/sunni-islam/": {"t": "sunni-islam", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/shia-islam/": {"t": "shia-islam", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/principles-of-islamic-jurisprudence/": {"t": "principles-of-islamic-jurisprudence", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-scholars-mystics/e/part-1/ibn-taymiyya/": {"t": "ibn-taymiyya", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions/e/part-1/sunnah/": {"t": "sunnah", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions/e/part-1/taqlid/": {"t": "taqlid", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-scholars-mystics/e/part-1/muhammad-al-mahdi/": {"t": "muhammad-al-mahdi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/jihad/": {"t": "jihad", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions/e/part-1/ummah/": {"t": "ummah", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/e/part-1/usman-dan-fodio/": {"t": "usman-dan-fodio", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/international-and-comparative-law/e/part-1/organisation-of-islamic-cooperation/": {"t": "organisation-of-islamic-cooperation", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/part-1/world-war-i/": {"t": "world-war-i", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/literary-giants/e/part-1/salman-rushdie/": {"t": "salman-rushdie", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/bible/": {"t": "bible", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/violence-conflict/e/part-1/war/": {"t": "War", "s": "Armed conflict between states or organized groups, often for political aims."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-mythology/e/part-1/antichrist/": {"t": "antichrist", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/theology-and-religious-concepts/e/part-1/last-judgment/": {"t": "Last Judgment", "s": "Final divine judgment of all humanity in Abrahamic faiths."}, "https://codexery.com/spirits/e/part-1/holy-spirit-in-christianity/": {"t": "Holy Spirit in Christianity", "s": "Third Person of the Trinity, giver of life and divine helper.", "i": "https://codexery.com/spirits/img/part-1/holy-spirit-in-christianity.webp", "c": "Nheyob · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/public-holidays-observances/e/part-1/pentecost/": {"t": "Pentecost", "s": "Christian feast commemorating the descent of the Holy Spirit."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/hadrian/": {"t": "Hadrian", "s": "Roman emperor from 117 to 138, builder of Hadrian's Wall and a promoter of philhellenism."}, "https://codexery.com/emperors-of-the-byzantine-and-roman-worl/e/part-1/antoninus-pius/": {"t": "antoninus-pius", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/marcus-aurelius/": {"t": "Marcus Aurelius", "s": "Roman emperor and Stoic philosopher, last of the Five Good Emperors."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/e/part-1/infectious-disease/": {"t": "infectious-disease", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/warfare-military-history/e/part-1/battle/": {"t": "Battle", "s": "A military engagement between opposing forces with defined objectives."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/joan-of-arc/": {"t": "Joan of Arc", "s": "Patron saint of France and military leader who helped turn the tide of the Hundred Years' War.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/leaders/joan-of-arc.webp", "c": "Derived from original commons upload at which is now in the history version: 01:39, 13. 8. 2005\n\nColour-graded to reveal more detail using GIMP software \"curves · via Wikipedia: Joan of Arc · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics/e/part-1/weighing-scale/": {"t": "weighing-scale", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/part-1/wheat/": {"t": "wheat", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/units-measurement/e/part-1/litre/": {"t": "Litre", "s": "Metric unit of volume, equal to one cubic decimetre."}, "https://codexery.com/invertebrates/e/part-1/locust/": {"t": "locust", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/edward-gibbon/": {"t": "Edward Gibbon", "s": "Historian of Rome's Decline"}, "https://codexery.com/nonfiction-and-reference/e/part-1/the-history-of-the-decline-and-fall-of-the-roman-empire/": {"t": "The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire", "s": "A six-volume Enlightenment history of Rome's decline."}, "https://codexery.com/emperors-of-the-byzantine-and-roman-worl/e/part-1/caracalla/": {"t": "caracalla", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/part-1/roman-empire/": {"t": "roman-empire", "s": ""}, "/e/abrahamic-religions-and-criticism/cherub/": {"t": "Cherub", "s": "Supernatural being in Abrahamic religions, often depicted as a guardian."}, "/e/abrahamic-religions-and-criticism/elohim/": {"t": "Elohim", "s": "Elohim (Hebrew: אֱלֹהִים) is a Hebrew word that functions both as a grammatically plural noun meaning \"gods\" or \"deities\" and as an abstract noun referring to t"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers/e/part-1/tigris/": {"t": "Tigris", "s": "Eastern great river of Mesopotamia, flowing through history.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers/img/part-1/tigris.webp", "c": "Hamza Al Mosuly · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/ancient-mesopotamian-religion/": {"t": "Ancient Mesopotamian religion", "s": "Ancient Mesopotamian religion: a consistent tradition from 6000 BC to 500 AD.", "i": "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/img/part-1/ancient-mesopotamian-religion.webp", "c": "Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg) · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/part-1/sumerian-language/": {"t": "sumerian-language", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/jewish-mythology/e/part-1/tree-of-the-knowledge-of-good-and-evil/": {"t": "tree-of-the-knowledge-of-good-and-evil", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/crime-and-deviance/e/part-1/taboo/": {"t": "taboo", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/jewish-mythology/e/part-1/forbidden-fruit/": {"t": "forbidden-fruit", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-histories-and-epics/e/part-1/antiquities-of-the-jews/": {"t": "antiquities-of-the-jews", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-lakes/e/part-1/ganges/": {"t": "Ganges", "s": "The Ganges: sacred lifeline of India and Bangladesh, second-largest river system by discharge.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-lakes/img/part-1/ganges.webp", "c": "Picture Prefect ! · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-the-world/e/part-1/nile/": {"t": "Nile", "s": "Longest river in the world, central to African history and civilization."}, "https://codexery.com/iranian-cities/e/part-1/tabriz/": {"t": "tabriz", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-civilizations/e/part-1/sumer/": {"t": "sumer", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/mormonism/": {"t": "Mormonism", "s": "The theology and religious tradition of the Latter Day Saint movement."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/part-1/americas/": {"t": "Americas", "s": "The New World landmass spanning from Arctic tundra to tropical rainforests.", "i": "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/img/part-1/americas.webp", "c": "GrandEscogriffe · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/christopher-columbus/": {"t": "Christopher Columbus", "s": "Italian explorer who opened the Americas to European colonization"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/part-1/congo-river/": {"t": "Congo River", "s": "Second-longest African river, deepest in the world, crossing the equator twice.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/part-1/congo-river.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Congo River · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-the-world/e/part-1/zambezi/": {"t": "Zambezi", "s": "Fourth-longest African river, largest east-flowing into the Indian Ocean."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/lisbon/": {"t": "Lisbon", "s": "Capital of Portugal, second-oldest European capital, and a global city on the Tagus River."}, "https://codexery.com/old-masters/e/part-1/lucas-cranach-the-elder/": {"t": "Lucas Cranach the Elder", "s": "German Renaissance painter and printmaker, court painter to Saxon electors."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-mysteries/e/part-1/the-epic-of-gilgamesh/": {"t": "the-epic-of-gilgamesh", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions/e/part-1/surah/": {"t": "surah", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/saudi-arabia/": {"t": "Saudi Arabia", "s": "The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a land of ancient heritage, vast deserts, and global influence.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/img/honours/saudi-arabia.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Saudi Arabia at the FIFA World Cup · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions/e/part-1/ulama/": {"t": "ulama", "s": ""}, "/e/abrahamic-religions-and-criticism/jehovah/": {"t": "Jehovah", "s": "Latinized vocalization of the Tetragrammaton used in some Bible translations."}, "https://codexery.com/jewish-mythology/e/part-1/bosom-of-abraham/": {"t": "bosom-of-abraham", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-mythology/e/part-1/devil-in-christianity/": {"t": "devil-in-christianity", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/theology-and-religious-concepts/e/part-1/millennialism/": {"t": "Millennialism", "s": "Belief in a thousand-year earthly kingdom before final judgment."}, "https://codexery.com/limbo/e/characters/purgatory/": {"t": "Purgatory", "s": "Intermediate state of purification after death in Catholic theology."}, "https://codexery.com/early-church-fathers-and-saints/e/part-1/john-chrysostom/": {"t": "john-chrysostom", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/catholic-popes-cardinals/e/part-1/pope-gregory-i/": {"t": "pope-gregory-i", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/literary-works/e/part-1/summa-theologica/": {"t": "summa-theologica", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/augustine-of-hippo/": {"t": "Augustine of Hippo", "s": "Influential Christian theologian and philosopher of the Patristic Period."}, "https://codexery.com/paranormal/e/part-1/marian-apparition/": {"t": "Marian apparition", "s": "Reported visual appearances of the Virgin Mary."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-saints-early-church-fathers/e/part-1/mary-mother-of-jesus/": {"t": "mary-mother-of-jesus", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/benedict-of-nursia/": {"t": "Benedict of Nursia", "s": "Italian monk who authored the influential Rule of Saint Benedict."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-myths/e/part-1/hades/": {"t": "hades", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/part-1/jehovah-s-witnesses/": {"t": "jehovah-s-witnesses", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/mu-tazilism/": {"t": "mu-tazilism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/mahdi/": {"t": "mahdi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/black-holes/e/part-1/black-hole/": {"t": "black-hole", "s": ""}, "/e/abrahamic-religions-and-criticism/islamic-studies/": {"t": "Islamic studies", "s": "Academic study of Islam bridging Orientalism and Religious studies."}, "https://codexery.com/radiohead/e/places/oxford/": {"t": "Oxford", "s": "The ancient stone streets where a generation's sound was quietly forged."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/fiqh/": {"t": "fiqh", "s": ""}, "/e/abrahamic-religions-and-criticism/jannah/": {"t": "Jannah", "s": "Islamic paradise for the righteous, described in the Qur'an."}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions/e/part-1/tafsir/": {"t": "tafsir", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-mythology/e/part-1/qisas-al-anbiya/": {"t": "qisas-al-anbiya", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions/e/part-1/tawhid/": {"t": "tawhid", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/rumi/": {"t": "Rumi", "s": "Sufi mystic, poet, and founder of the Mevlevi Order"}, "https://codexery.com/poetry-collections-and-epic-poems/e/part-1/masnavi/": {"t": "Masnavi", "s": "A Persian mystical poem considered one of the greatest in world literature."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-scholars-and-sufi-mystics/e/part-1/hafez/": {"t": "hafez", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/e/part-1/muhammad-iqbal/": {"t": "Muhammad Iqbal", "s": "Islamic philosopher and poet whose vision inspired the Pakistan Movement"}, "https://codexery.com/spirits/e/part-1/spirits-in-prison/": {"t": "Spirits in prison", "s": "Biblical phrase for beings to whom Christ preached after death."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutionary-leaders-and-activists/e/part-1/sayyid-qutb/": {"t": "Sayyid Qutb", "s": "Egyptian revolutionary and leading member of the Muslim Brotherhood", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutionary-leaders-and-activists/img/part-1/sayyid-qutb.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Sayyid Qutb · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/predestination-in-islam/": {"t": "predestination-in-islam", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/maturidism/": {"t": "maturidism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/names-of-god-in-islam/": {"t": "names-of-god-in-islam", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/beliefs-and-practices/e/part-1/mysticism/": {"t": "mysticism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-scholars-and-sufi-mystics/e/part-1/ibn-arabi/": {"t": "ibn-arabi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions/e/part-1/shahada/": {"t": "shahada", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-and-medieval-historians-and-phil/e/part-1/al-masudi/": {"t": "al-masudi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/theological-and-philosophical-debates/e/part-1/good-and-evil/": {"t": "Good and evil", "s": "A fundamental dichotomy in moral and ethical thought."}, "https://codexery.com/writers-poets/e/part-1/johann-wolfgang-von-goethe/": {"t": "Johann Wolfgang von Goethe", "s": "German polymath and most influential writer in the German language"}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-and-theologians/e/part-1/malik-ibn-anas/": {"t": "Malik ibn Anas", "s": "Eponym of the Maliki school and compiler of al-Muwatta'."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/al-ghazali/": {"t": "Al-Ghazali", "s": "Proof of Islam and renewer of the faith"}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/imam/": {"t": "imam", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/abu-bakr/": {"t": "Abu Bakr", "s": "First Rashidun caliph, close companion of Muhammad, and key figure in early Islamic expansion."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/uthman/": {"t": "Uthman", "s": "Third Rashidun caliph who standardized the Quran."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/prophets-and-messengers-in-islam/": {"t": "prophets-and-messengers-in-islam", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions/e/part-1/shafi-i-school/": {"t": "shafi-i-school", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions/e/part-1/twelver-shi-ism/": {"t": "twelver-shi-ism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-and-theologians/e/part-1/nasir-al-din-al-tusi/": {"t": "Nasir al-Din al-Tusi", "s": "Persian polymath who advanced astronomy and trigonometry.", "i": "https://codexery.com/philosophers-and-theologians/img/part-1/nasir-al-din-al-tusi.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Nasir al-Din al-Tusi · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions/e/part-1/twelve-imams/": {"t": "twelve-imams", "s": ""}, "/e/abrahamic-religions-and-criticism/fasting-in-islam/": {"t": "Fasting in Islam", "s": "Islamic fasting is a pillar of faith observed during Ramadan."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/hajj/": {"t": "hajj", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/muezzin/": {"t": "muezzin", "s": ""}, "/e/abrahamic-religions-and-criticism/jahannam/": {"t": "Jahannam", "s": "Islamic hell, place of punishment for evildoers in the afterlife."}, "https://codexery.com/theological-and-philosophical-debates/e/part-1/eschatology/": {"t": "Eschatology", "s": "Study of end times across religions and philosophies."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-theology/e/part-1/afterlife/": {"t": "afterlife", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-scholars-mystics/e/part-1/ibn-kathir/": {"t": "ibn-kathir", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-scholars-and-sufi-mystics/e/part-1/muhammad-al-bukhari/": {"t": "muhammad-al-bukhari", "s": ""}, "/e/abrahamic-religions-and-criticism/ismailism/": {"t": "Ismailism", "s": "A Shia denomination emphasizing esoteric interpretation of Islam."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/tunisia/": {"t": "Tunisia", "s": "A North African crossroads of ancient civilizations and modern aspirations."}, "https://codexery.com/theology-and-religious-concepts/e/part-1/great-tribulation/": {"t": "Great Tribulation", "s": "A period of great hardship before the end of the world."}, "https://codexery.com/mythological-duos/e/part-1/gog-and-magog/": {"t": "gog-and-magog", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/avicenna/": {"t": "Avicenna", "s": "Preeminent philosopher and physician of the Islamic Golden Age."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/gospel/": {"t": "gospel", "s": ""}, "/e/abrahamic-religions-and-criticism/iman-islam/": {"t": "Iman (Islam)", "s": "Faith in Islam, encompassing belief, speech, and action."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-mythology/e/part-1/abraham-in-islam/": {"t": "abraham-in-islam", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/book-of-numbers/": {"t": "book-of-numbers", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/kutub-al-sittah/": {"t": "kutub-al-sittah", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/madhhab/": {"t": "madhhab", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-theology/e/part-1/creation-myth/": {"t": "creation-myth", "s": ""}, "/e/abrahamic-religions-and-criticism/jewish-mythology/": {"t": "Jewish mythology", "s": "Body of myths associated with Judaism."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-mythology/e/part-1/christian-mythology/": {"t": "christian-mythology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-mythology/e/part-1/isra-and-mi-raj/": {"t": "isra-and-mi-raj", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy-space/e/part-1/orbit/": {"t": "orbit", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/qibla/": {"t": "qibla", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historiography-methods/e/part-1/historiography/": {"t": "historiography", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/universities/e/part-1/leiden-university/": {"t": "Leiden University", "s": "Oldest surviving university in the Netherlands, founded 1575."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts/e/part-1/truth/": {"t": "Truth", "s": "Conformity to reality or fact, with disputed definition."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/part-1/turkish-language/": {"t": "turkish-language", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/part-1/persian-language/": {"t": "persian-language", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/part-1/uzbek-language/": {"t": "uzbek-language", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/architectural-styles-and-landmarks/e/part-1/islamic-architecture/": {"t": "islamic-architecture", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/international-relations-and-concepts/e/part-1/geopolitics/": {"t": "geopolitics", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/islamic-schools-and-branches/": {"t": "islamic-schools-and-branches", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/beliefs-and-practices/e/part-1/religious-conversion/": {"t": "religious-conversion", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/part-1/propaganda/": {"t": "propaganda", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas/e/part-1/arabian-peninsula/": {"t": "Arabian Peninsula", "s": "The world's largest peninsula, cradle of Islam, and a land of ancient trade and modern oil wealth."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/part-1/iberian-peninsula/": {"t": "Iberian Peninsula", "s": "Second-largest European peninsula, home to Spain and Portugal.", "i": "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/img/part-1/iberian-peninsula.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Peninsula · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/sieges-and-battles/e/part-1/siege-of-constantinople-674-678/": {"t": "Siege of Constantinople (674–678)", "s": "The first major Arab defeat in 50 years of expansion"}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-and-early-modern-asian-empires/e/part-1/ghurid-dynasty/": {"t": "ghurid-dynasty", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/landforms-and-regions/e/part-1/indo-gangetic-plain/": {"t": "indo-gangetic-plain", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/e/part-1/songhai-empire/": {"t": "Songhai Empire", "s": "A large Sahelian empire at its peak in the 15th–16th centuries.", "i": "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/img/part-1/songhai-empire.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Inca Empire · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/deserts-and-drylands/e/part-1/sahel/": {"t": "sahel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/e/part-1/mughal-empire/": {"t": "Mughal Empire", "s": "An early modern empire in South Asia, founded in 1526.", "i": "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/img/part-1/mughal-empire.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Empire · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/part-1/anatolia/": {"t": "Anatolia", "s": "Peninsula in West Asia, historic cradle of civilizations.", "i": "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/img/part-1/anatolia.webp", "c": "Anatolianist · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/part-1/middle-east-and-north-africa/": {"t": "Middle East and North Africa", "s": "A geographic region with no standardized definition, used across multiple fields."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/druze/": {"t": "Druze", "s": "Esoteric monotheistic group originating from Ismā‘īli Shiʿa Islam."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-scholars-mystics/e/part-1/ja-far-al-sadiq/": {"t": "ja-far-al-sadiq", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-scholars-mystics/e/part-1/musa-al-kazim/": {"t": "musa-al-kazim", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/trinidad-and-tobago/": {"t": "Trinidad and Tobago", "s": "The southernmost Caribbean archipelago with a rich industrial economy and vibrant cultural heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/kharijites/": {"t": "kharijites", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-scholars-mystics/e/part-1/husayn-ibn-ali/": {"t": "husayn-ibn-ali", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-scholars-and-sufi-mystics/e/part-1/zayd-ibn-ali/": {"t": "zayd-ibn-ali", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-scholars-mystics/e/part-1/muhammad-al-baqir/": {"t": "muhammad-al-baqir", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/sufism/": {"t": "sufism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/landforms-and-regions/e/part-1/eastern-arabia/": {"t": "eastern-arabia", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/part-1/hejaz/": {"t": "hejaz", "s": ""}, "/e/abrahamic-religions-and-criticism/ijma/": {"t": "Ijma", "s": "Consensus of the Islamic community on points of law."}, "/e/abrahamic-religions-and-criticism/islamic-eschatology/": {"t": "Islamic eschatology", "s": "Islamic beliefs about end times, judgment, and afterlife."}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/e/part-1/human-sacrifice/": {"t": "human-sacrifice", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/part-1/english-language/": {"t": "english-language", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/beliefs-and-practices/e/part-1/salvation/": {"t": "salvation", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-scholars-mystics/e/part-1/mohammad-baqer-majlesi/": {"t": "mohammad-baqer-majlesi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-scholars-mystics/e/part-1/muhammad-abduh/": {"t": "muhammad-abduh", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/rivers/e/part-1/syr-darya/": {"t": "Syr Darya", "s": "Central Asian river, historically the Jaxartes, vital for irrigation.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers/img/part-1/syr-darya.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Syr Darya · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/part-1/amu-darya/": {"t": "Amu Darya", "s": "Central Asia's historic Oxus, a river of borders and deserts.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/part-1/amu-darya.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Amu Darya · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/taboo/e/part-1/noa-name/": {"t": "Noa-name", "s": "A non-taboo synonym used to avoid bad luck."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-reformers-and-mystics/e/part-1/william-tyndale/": {"t": "william-tyndale", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/part-1/late-antiquity/": {"t": "late-antiquity", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/part-1/phonetics/": {"t": "phonetics", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/part-1/phoneme/": {"t": "phoneme", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/theology-and-religious-concepts/e/part-1/god-the-father/": {"t": "God the Father", "s": "First Person of the Trinity, Father and creator of the universe."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/book-of-mormon/": {"t": "book-of-mormon", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/book-of-exodus/": {"t": "book-of-exodus", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas/e/part-1/sinai-peninsula/": {"t": "Sinai Peninsula", "s": "Peninsula in Egypt, land bridge between Africa and Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-cultural-concepts/e/part-1/slavery/": {"t": "slavery", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/heroes-in-mythology-and-legend/e/part-1/jael/": {"t": "jael", "s": ""}, "/e/abrahamic-religions-and-criticism/islamic-mythology/": {"t": "Islamic mythology", "s": "Myths within Islam, including creation and eschatology."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/mircea-eliade/": {"t": "Mircea Eliade", "s": "Romanian historian of religion, fiction writer, and philosopher"}, "https://codexery.com/classic-poetry-and-epics/e/part-1/en-ma-eli/": {"t": "en-ma-eli", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/jewish-mythology/e/part-1/the-exodus/": {"t": "the-exodus", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/jewish-mythology/e/part-1/tree-of-life-biblical/": {"t": "tree-of-life-biblical", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/hindu-mythology/e/part-1/hindu-mythology/": {"t": "hindu-mythology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-lakes/e/part-1/jordan-river/": {"t": "Jordan River", "s": "A 251 km endorheic river flowing through the Levant, sacred to three major religions.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-lakes/img/part-1/jordan-river.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Jordan River · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/book-of-judges/": {"t": "book-of-judges", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/greek-myths/e/part-1/heracles/": {"t": "heracles", "s": ""}}