{"https://codexery.com/duchies-and-electorates-of-the-holy-roma/e/duchies-and-electorates-of-the-holy-roman-empire/electorate-of-saxony/": {"t": "Electorate of Saxony", "s": "A key electorate of the Holy Roman Empire, centered on Saxe-Wittenberg."}, "https://codexery.com/performing-arts-crafts/e/performing-arts-and-crafts/lithography/": {"t": "Lithography", "s": "Lithography is a printing technique that relies on the natural repulsion between oil and water."}, "https://codexery.com/hungarian-inventions/e/hungarian-inventions/coach-carriage/": {"t": "Coach (carriage)", "s": "Large enclosed horse-drawn carriage for mail, travel, and ceremony."}, "https://codexery.com/physical-geography-elevation/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/topography/": {"t": "Topography", "s": "Study of land surface forms and features.", "i": "https://codexery.com/physical-geography-elevation/img/physical-geography-and-elevation/topography.webp", "c": "NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/napoleonic-wars/": {"t": "Napoleonic Wars", "s": "Global conflicts from 1803 to 1815, featuring coalitions against Napoleon and French domination of Europe.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/wars-and-conflicts/napoleonic-wars.webp", "c": "Ruedi33a · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/alexander-i-of-russia/e/alexander-i-of-russia/battle-of-leipzig/": {"t": "Battle of Leipzig", "s": "The largest and decisive battle of the Napoleonic Wars."}, "https://codexery.com/south-american-cities/e/south-american-cities/valpara-so/": {"t": "Valparaíso", "s": "A historic port city on Chile's Pacific coast, known for its colorful hillside districts and UNESCO-listed quarter."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/buenos-aires/": {"t": "Buenos Aires", "s": "The Autonomous City of Buenos Aires: a multicultural capital with eclectic European architecture."}, "https://codexery.com/design-digital-arts/e/design-and-digital-arts/fashion-design/": {"t": "Fashion design", "s": "Fashion design applies aesthetics and construction to clothing and accessories."}, "https://codexery.com/cardiovascular-blood/e/cardiovascular-and-blood/blood-transfusion/": {"t": "Blood transfusion", "s": "Intravenous transfer of blood components to treat medical conditions."}, "https://codexery.com/complications-of-labour-and-delivery/e/complications-of-labour-and-delivery/uterine-inversion/": {"t": "Uterine inversion", "s": "Rare obstetric emergency with uterine inversion and significant bleeding risk."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/cambridgeshire/": {"t": "Cambridgeshire", "s": "Flat fens, ancient history, and a world-renowned university."}, "https://codexery.com/ritual-animal-disguise/e/ritual-animal-disguise/whittlesey/": {"t": "Whittlesey", "s": "Historic market town in the Cambridgeshire Fens."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/kent/": {"t": "Kent", "s": "The Garden of England"}, "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/e/medical-specialties/pediatrics/": {"t": "Pediatrics", "s": "Branch of medicine for the medical care of children and young adults."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/sussex/": {"t": "Sussex", "s": "The historic kingdom and county of the South Saxons."}, "https://codexery.com/obstetrics-and-gynaecology-organizations/e/obstetrics-and-gynaecology-organizations/obstetrical-society-of-london/": {"t": "Obstetrical Society of London", "s": "Founded 1858; merged into the Royal Society of Medicine in 1907."}, "https://codexery.com/complications-of-labour-and-delivery/e/complications-of-labour-and-delivery/postpartum-bleeding/": {"t": "Postpartum bleeding", "s": "Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal death globally."}, "https://codexery.com/gynaecological-cancer/e/gynaecological-cancer/uterine-cancer/": {"t": "Uterine cancer", "s": "Uterine cancer includes endometrial cancer and uterine sarcoma."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/typhoid/": {"t": "Typhoid", "s": "A bacterial disease spread through contaminated food or water."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/explorers/matthew-boulton/": {"t": "Matthew Boulton", "s": "English businessman, inventor, and partner of James Watt", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/explorers/matthew-boulton.webp", "c": "Carl Frederik von Breda · via Wikipedia: Matthew Boulton · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/aerospace/e/aerospace/aeronautics/": {"t": "Aeronautics", "s": "The science and art of flight within the atmosphere."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors/e/great-inventors/james-watt/": {"t": "James Watt", "s": "Scottish inventor who improved the steam engine with a separate condenser, powering the Industrial Revolution.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inventors/img/great-inventors/james-watt.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: James Watt · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/e/manufacturing-and-materials/photography/": {"t": "Photography", "s": "Drawing with light: capturing images through chemical or electronic means."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/staffordshire/": {"t": "Staffordshire", "s": "The historic county of the Staffordshire Hoard and the Potteries"}, "https://codexery.com/architectural-styles-and-landmarks/e/architectural-styles-and-landmarks/gothic-revival-architecture/": {"t": "Gothic Revival architecture", "s": "A movement reviving medieval Gothic architecture in the 19th century."}, "https://codexery.com/psychologists-and-education-theorists/e/psychologists-and-education-theorists/francis-galton/": {"t": "Francis Galton", "s": "English polymath who originated eugenics and pioneered statistical analysis of human traits."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/charles-babbage/": {"t": "Charles Babbage", "s": "English polymath who originated the concept of a digital programmable computer."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/northamptonshire/": {"t": "Northamptonshire", "s": "The county of spires and squires"}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/worcestershire/": {"t": "Worcestershire", "s": "Historic county in the West Midlands of England."}, "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/e/governments-and-political-systems/house-of-commons-of-the-united-kingdom/": {"t": "House of Commons of the United Kingdom", "s": "Elected lower house of the UK Parliament, holding government to account.", "i": "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/img/governments-and-political-systems/house-of-commons-of-the-united-kingdom.webp", "c": "©UK Parliament/Jessica Taylor · CC BY 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/oxfordshire/": {"t": "Oxfordshire", "s": "A ceremonial county in South East England, home to the University of Oxford and the Cotswolds."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/gloucestershire/": {"t": "Gloucestershire", "s": "A ceremonial county in South West England, bisected by the River Severn and home to the Cotswolds, Forest of Dean, and Wye Valley."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/homer/": {"t": "Homer", "s": "Ancient Greek poet traditionally credited with the Iliad and the Odyssey"}, "https://codexery.com/classic-poetry-and-epics/e/classic-poetry-and-epics/the-iliad/": {"t": "The Iliad", "s": "Ancient Greek epic poem attributed to Homer, central to classical philology."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts-and-theories/e/philosophical-concepts-and-theories/metaphysics/": {"t": "Metaphysics", "s": "Study of the most fundamental structure of reality."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors/e/great-inventors/george-westinghouse/": {"t": "George Westinghouse", "s": "Inventor of the railway air brake and AC power pioneer.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inventors/img/great-inventors/george-westinghouse.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: George Westinghouse · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/april-uprising-of-1876/e/april-uprising-of-1876/william-ewart-gladstone/": {"t": "William Ewart Gladstone", "s": "Four-time British prime minister and Liberal statesman.", "i": "https://codexery.com/april-uprising-of-1876/img/april-uprising-of-1876/william-ewart-gladstone.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: William Ewart Gladstone · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/antarctica/": {"t": "Antarctica", "s": "Earth's southernmost, coldest, and least-populated continent."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors/e/great-inventors/the-wright-brothers/": {"t": "The Wright brothers", "s": "American aviation pioneers who invented, built, and flew the world's first successful airplane."}, "https://codexery.com/flight-instruments-and-avionics/e/flight-instruments-and-avionics/autopilot/": {"t": "Autopilot", "s": "A system that controls aircraft path without constant human intervention."}, "https://codexery.com/international-motorsports-hall-of-fame/e/international-motorsports-hall-of-fame-inductees/glenn-curtiss/": {"t": "Glenn Curtiss", "s": "Aviation and motorcycling pioneer; founder of the U.S. aircraft industry.", "i": "https://codexery.com/international-motorsports-hall-of-fame/img/international-motorsports-hall-of-fame-inductees/glenn-curtiss.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Glenn Curtiss · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/brazilian-inventors/e/brazilian-inventors/alberto-santos-dumont/": {"t": "Alberto Santos-Dumont", "s": "Brazilian inventor of early airships and aeroplanes."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-inventions/e/ancient-inventions/rudder/": {"t": "Rudder", "s": "A control surface for steering through fluid media."}, "https://codexery.com/forms-of-government/e/forms-of-government/mayor/": {"t": "Mayor", "s": "Highest-ranking official in a municipal government."}, "https://codexery.com/united-kingdom-and-the-commonwealth-of/e/united-kingdom-and-the-commonwealth-of-nations/british-nationality-law/": {"t": "British nationality law", "s": "Six classes of British nationality under the 1981 Act."}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/modern-conflicts/crimean-war/": {"t": "Crimean War", "s": "A mid-19th century conflict between Russia and an alliance of the Ottoman Empire, France, the United Kingdom, and Sardinia, notable for modern technologies and "}, "https://codexery.com/indian-states/e/indian-states/punjab/": {"t": "Punjab", "s": "Historical region of five rivers in South Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/homeland/e/world/kabul/": {"t": "Kabul", "s": "Afghanistan's capital, Carrie's station in season 4.", "i": "https://codexery.com/homeland/img/world/kabul.webp", "c": "Weaveravel · via Wikipedia: Kabul · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cathedrals/e/great-cathedrals/st-paul-s-cathedral/": {"t": "St. Paul's Cathedral", "s": "Wren's domed English Baroque cathedral on Ludgate Hill, seat of the Bishop of London.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cathedrals/img/great-cathedrals/st-paul-s-cathedral.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: St Paul's Cathedral · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-england/e/regions-of-england/lincolnshire/": {"t": "Lincolnshire", "s": "A rural English county with a quiet history and varied landscapes."}, "https://codexery.com/uefa-champions-league/e/history/liverpool/": {"t": "Liverpool", "s": "Six European Cups, an English record.", "i": "https://codexery.com/uefa-champions-league/img/history/liverpool.webp", "c": "Ian S · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/government-and-law/e/government-and-law/patent/": {"t": "Patent", "s": "A legal right excluding others from an invention for a limited time."}, "https://codexery.com/agents-of-s-h-i-e-l-d-season-1-episodes/e/agents-of-s-h-i-e-l-d-season-1-episodes/0-8-4/": {"t": "0-8-4", "s": "Coulson's team investigates a Hydra weapon in Peru."}, "https://codexery.com/major-islands-and-archipelagos/e/major-islands-and-archipelagos/barbados/": {"t": "Barbados", "s": "The southernmost island of the Caribbean, a former British colony turned republic."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/cairo/": {"t": "Cairo", "s": "The city of a thousand minarets"}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/shropshire/": {"t": "Shropshire", "s": "A ceremonial county in the West Midlands of England, on the border with Wales."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-tentative-list-for-india/e/world-heritage-tentative-list-for-india/matheran-hill-railway/": {"t": "Matheran Hill Railway", "s": "A narrow-gauge heritage railway in the Western Ghats of Maharashtra."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/mumbai/": {"t": "Mumbai", "s": "Financial and entertainment capital of India, built on seven islands."}, "https://codexery.com/physical-geography-elevation/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/grade-slope/": {"t": "Grade (slope)", "s": "Grade measures steepness as angle, percentage, or ratio."}, "https://codexery.com/business-magnates-tycoons/e/business-magnates-and-tycoons/charles-rolls/": {"t": "Charles Rolls", "s": "Co-founder of Rolls-Royce and early aviation pioneer."}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/english-channel/": {"t": "English Channel", "s": "The busiest shipping area in the world, separating Southern England from northern France."}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/modern-conflicts/world-war-i/": {"t": "World War I", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Central Powers, 1914–1918."}, "https://codexery.com/domestic-breeds-types/e/domestic-breeds-and-types/arabian-horse/": {"t": "Arabian horse", "s": "One of the oldest and most influential horse breeds."}, "/e/19th-century-british-inventors/hiram-maxim/": {"t": "Hiram Maxim", "s": "Inventor of the first automatic machine gun and lightbulb claimant."}, "https://codexery.com/machine-guns/e/machine-guns/machine-gun/": {"t": "Machine gun", "s": "A fully automatic firearm for sustained direct fire support.", "i": "https://codexery.com/machine-guns/img/machine-guns/machine-gun.webp", "c": "Nafis Fuad Ayon · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-united-states/e/rebellions-against-the-united-states/american-civil-war/": {"t": "American Civil War", "s": "Civil war between the Union and Confederacy over slavery and secession."}, "https://codexery.com/swedish-inventions/e/swedish-inventions/difference-engine/": {"t": "Difference engine", "s": "Mechanical calculator for polynomial functions using finite differences."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/westmorland/": {"t": "Westmorland", "s": "Historic county in North West England, part of Cumbria since 1974."}, "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics-and-dynamics/e/classical-mechanics-and-dynamics/mechanics/": {"t": "Mechanics", "s": "Physics of force, matter, and motion among objects."}, "https://codexery.com/locations-associated-with-arthurian/e/locations-associated-with-arthurian-legend/carlisle/": {"t": "Carlisle", "s": "Roman border city with a medieval castle and cathedral."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/world/london/": {"t": "London", "s": "Roman Londinium and medieval England's largest town."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-england/e/regions-of-england/county-durham/": {"t": "County Durham", "s": "Ceremonial county in North East England with historic coal mining heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/visual-arts-and-artworks/e/visual-arts-and-artworks/watercolor-painting/": {"t": "Watercolor painting", "s": "A painting method using pigments suspended in a water-based solution."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/england/": {"t": "England", "s": "Land of the Angles, birthplace of football and the Industrial Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/aviation-inventors/e/aviation-inventors/george-cayley/": {"t": "George Cayley", "s": "English engineer and aviator who pioneered heavier-than-air flight.", "i": "https://codexery.com/aviation-inventors/img/aviation-inventors/george-cayley.webp", "c": "Wikimedia Commons · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/wales/": {"t": "Wales", "s": "A country of mountains, coast, and ancient culture, part of the United Kingdom."}, "https://codexery.com/lines-hemispheres/e/lines-and-hemispheres/azimuth/": {"t": "Azimuth", "s": "Horizontal angle from north used in navigation and astronomy."}, "https://codexery.com/elgin-marbles/e/elgin-marbles/athenaeum-club-london/": {"t": "Athenaeum Club, London", "s": "London private members' club for intellectual and distinguished individuals."}, "https://codexery.com/egyptian-inventions/e/egyptian-inventions/lighthouse/": {"t": "Lighthouse", "s": "Tower emitting light for maritime navigation."}, "https://codexery.com/human-variation-and-health/e/human-variation-and-health/medical-doctor/": {"t": "Medical doctor", "s": "Health professional who practices medicine to promote and restore health."}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-medicine/e/physiology-and-medicine/anesthesia/": {"t": "Anesthesia", "s": "Controlled, temporary loss of sensation or awareness for medical or veterinary purposes."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-pioneers/e/medical-pioneers/william-t-g-morton/": {"t": "William T. G. Morton", "s": "William Thomas Green Morton (August 9, 1819 – July 15, 1868) was an American dentist."}, "https://codexery.com/folk-healers/e/folk-healers/phineas-parkhurst-quimby/": {"t": "Phineas Parkhurst Quimby", "s": "American folk healer and founder of New Thought.", "i": "https://codexery.com/folk-healers/img/folk-healers/phineas-parkhurst-quimby.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Phineas Parkhurst Quimby · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/cultural-and-historical-regions/southern-united-states/": {"t": "Southern United States", "s": "The Southern United States: a diverse region defined by history, culture, and climate, from the Atlantic to the Gulf."}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/edgar-allan-poe/": {"t": "Edgar Allan Poe", "s": "American writer of mystery, macabre, and detective fiction."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/telegraph/": {"t": "Telegraph", "s": "Long-distance text transmission using symbolic codes, not physical exchange."}, "https://codexery.com/french-inventions/e/french-inventions/breechloader/": {"t": "Breechloader", "s": "A firearm loaded from the rear of the barrel."}, "https://codexery.com/telegraph-keys-and-codes/e/telegraph-keys-and-codes/electrical-telegraph/": {"t": "Electrical telegraph", "s": "First electrical telecommunications system, used from the 1840s."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors-of-everyday-objects/e/inventors-of-everyday-objects/charles-wheatstone/": {"t": "Charles Wheatstone", "s": "English physicist and inventor known for the Wheatstone bridge (originally invented by Samuel Hunter Christie), the English concertina, the stereoscope, and the", "i": "https://codexery.com/inventors-of-everyday-objects/img/inventors-of-everyday-objects/charles-wheatstone.webp", "c": "Peter Trimming · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/telegraph-keys-and-codes/e/telegraph-keys-and-codes/cooke-and-wheatstone-telegraph/": {"t": "Cooke and Wheatstone telegraph", "s": "First commercial electrical telegraph, using needles to indicate letters."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/middlesex/": {"t": "Middlesex", "s": "Historic county of England, largely now part of Greater London."}, "https://codexery.com/scientists-and-mathematicians/e/scientists-and-mathematicians/michael-faraday/": {"t": "Michael Faraday", "s": "English pioneer of electromagnetism and electrochemistry."}, "https://codexery.com/british-inventors/e/british-inventors/charles-anthony-deane/": {"t": "Charles Anthony Deane", "s": "English diving engineer and inventor of the diving helmet."}, "https://codexery.com/shipwrecks/e/famous-shipwrecks/the-mary-rose/": {"t": "The Mary Rose", "s": "A Tudor carrack, launched 1511, raised 1982 – a time capsule of Henry VIII's navy."}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/e/exploration-and-colonization/east-india-company/": {"t": "East India Company", "s": "Chartered company that ruled large parts of India and dominated key trade routes.", "i": "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/img/exploration-and-colonization/east-india-company.webp", "c": "John Bruce · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism-and-waves/e/electromagnetism-and-waves/photoelectric-effect/": {"t": "Photoelectric effect", "s": "Emission of electrons from materials caused by electromagnetic radiation."}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-the-soviet-union/e/space-program-of-the-soviet-union/soviet-space-program/": {"t": "Soviet space program", "s": "State space program of the Soviet Union, 1951–1991."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-stellar-astronomy/e/planets-and-stellar-astronomy/solar-system/": {"t": "Solar System", "s": "The Sun and all objects gravitationally bound to it.", "i": "https://codexery.com/planets-stellar-astronomy/img/planets-and-stellar-astronomy/solar-system.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Solar System · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/space-missions/e/space-missions/pioneer-10/": {"t": "Pioneer 10", "s": "First spacecraft to traverse the asteroid belt and reach Jupiter."}, "https://codexery.com/nasa-space-probes/e/nasa-space-probes/pioneer-11/": {"t": "Pioneer 11", "s": "First probe to encounter Saturn and second to leave the Solar System."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/jupiter/": {"t": "Jupiter", "s": "Largest planet in the Solar System, a gas giant with a Great Red Spot."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/saturn/": {"t": "Saturn", "s": "Saturn is a gas giant with rings and the lowest density in the Solar System."}, "https://codexery.com/international-organizations-and-agreemen/e/international-organizations-and-agreements/international-astronomical-union/": {"t": "International Astronomical Union", "s": "Global authority for astronomical naming and cooperation."}, "https://codexery.com/extraterrestrial-orbiters/e/extraterrestrial-orbiters/cassini-huygens/": {"t": "Cassini–Huygens", "s": "Joint mission to study Saturn and its moons.", "i": "https://codexery.com/extraterrestrial-orbiters/img/extraterrestrial-orbiters/cassini-huygens.webp", "c": "Photograph by Mike Peel ( www.mikepeel.net ). · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/moons-of-saturn/e/moons-of-saturn/titan-moon/": {"t": "Titan (moon)", "s": "Saturn's largest moon, with a thick atmosphere and liquid lakes."}, "https://codexery.com/european-prime-ministers-and-statesmen/e/european-prime-ministers-and-statesmen/robert-peel/": {"t": "Robert Peel", "s": "British Conservative statesman, father of modern policing, and key architect of free trade."}, "https://codexery.com/astrophotography/e/astrophotography/dorpat-great-refractor/": {"t": "Dorpat Great Refractor", "s": "First modern achromatic great refractor with German equatorial mount."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/george-stephenson/": {"t": "George Stephenson", "s": "English engineer; pioneered rail transport and standard gauge."}, "https://codexery.com/trains/e/legendary-trains/stephenson-s-rocket/": {"t": "Stephenson's Rocket", "s": "The pioneering steam locomotive that won the Rainhill Trials and set the template for future steam engines.", "i": "https://codexery.com/trains/img/legendary-trains/stephenson-s-rocket.webp", "c": "NASA · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/nova-scotia/": {"t": "Nova Scotia", "s": "Canada's most populous Atlantic province, rich in Mi'kmaq heritage and Scottish history."}, "https://codexery.com/canals-and-waterways/e/canals-and-waterways/manchester-ship-canal/": {"t": "Manchester Ship Canal", "s": "Inland waterway linking Manchester to the Irish Sea.", "i": "https://codexery.com/canals-and-waterways/img/canals-and-waterways/manchester-ship-canal.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Manchester Ship Canal · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/architectural-styles-and-landmarks/e/architectural-styles-and-landmarks/palace-of-westminster/": {"t": "Palace of Westminster", "s": "Meeting place of the UK Parliament, a symbol of British government."}, "https://codexery.com/european-monarchs-consorts/e/european-monarchs-and-consorts/george-iv/": {"t": "George IV", "s": "Extravagant king and regent whose reign was tarnished by scandal."}, "https://codexery.com/castles/e/castles/windsor-castle/": {"t": "Windsor Castle", "s": "A royal residence embodying almost a millennium of architectural history."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors-and-engineers/e/inventors-and-engineers/thomas-telford/": {"t": "Thomas Telford", "s": "Scottish civil engineer dubbed the 'Colossus of Roads'.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inventors-and-engineers/img/inventors-and-engineers/thomas-telford.webp", "c": "Henry Hoppner Meyer · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-england/e/regions-of-england/surrey/": {"t": "Surrey", "s": "A historic county in South East England with dense woodland."}, "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/e/manufacturing-and-materials/metallurgy/": {"t": "Metallurgy", "s": "The science and technology of metals and alloys."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/city-of-london/": {"t": "City of London", "s": "Historic core and financial district of London."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/world/paris/": {"t": "Paris", "s": "Capetian capital on the Seine."}, "https://codexery.com/band-of-brothers/e/factions/united-states-army/": {"t": "United States Army", "s": "The service Easy Company fought in.", "i": "https://codexery.com/band-of-brothers/img/factions/united-states-army.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: United States Army · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/mexican-american-war/": {"t": "Mexican–American War", "s": "The Mexican–American War, known in the United States as the Mexican War and in Mexico as the United States intervention in Mexico, was an invasion of Mexico by "}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/russian-empire/": {"t": "Russian Empire", "s": "Third-largest empire in history, spanning northern Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/children-s-and-young-adult-literature/e/childrens-and-young-adult-literature/beatrix-potter/": {"t": "Beatrix Potter", "s": "English writer, illustrator, natural scientist, and conservationist."}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/oscar-wilde/": {"t": "Oscar Wilde", "s": "Irish author, poet and playwright; key figure in Aestheticism; known for The Picture of Dorian Gray and his society comedies."}, "https://codexery.com/cathedrals/e/great-cathedrals/westminster-abbey/": {"t": "Westminster Abbey", "s": "A royal peculiar and national Valhalla.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cathedrals/img/great-cathedrals/westminster-abbey.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Westminster Abbey · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/mail/": {"t": "Mail", "s": "A system for physically transporting letters and parcels."}, "https://codexery.com/chemists-and-biochemists/e/chemists-and-biochemists/joseph-priestley/": {"t": "Joseph Priestley", "s": "English chemist, theologian, and political theorist who discovered oxygen and championed religious toleration."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/adelaide/": {"t": "Adelaide", "s": "Capital of South Australia, founded as a free colony.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/img/cities-of-the-world/adelaide.webp", "c": "Photograph by Doug Barber · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/social-reformers-and-humanitarians/e/social-reformers-and-humanitarians/edwin-chadwick/": {"t": "Edwin Chadwick", "s": "English social reformer who led reforms in the Poor Laws and urban sanitation."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/john-stuart-mill/": {"t": "John Stuart Mill", "s": "English philosopher of liberalism."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/david-ricardo/": {"t": "David Ricardo", "s": "Classical economist who championed free trade and comparative advantage."}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-athletics/e/sports-and-athletics/shooting-sports/": {"t": "Shooting sports", "s": "Precision, accuracy, and speed in the art of shooting."}, "https://codexery.com/gunpowder/e/gunpowder/shell-projectile/": {"t": "Shell (projectile)", "s": "A projectile with explosive, incendiary, or chemical filling fired from artillery."}, "https://codexery.com/shotguns/e/shotguns/shotgun/": {"t": "Shotgun", "s": "A smoothbore firearm firing shot or slug for close-range use.", "i": "https://codexery.com/shotguns/img/shotguns/shotgun.webp", "c": "Ivan Radic · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/amateur-radio-people/e/amateur-radio-people/hiram-percy-maxim/": {"t": "Hiram Percy Maxim", "s": "Co-founder of the American Radio Relay League and inventor of the firearm silencer."}, "https://codexery.com/electrical-systems/e/electrical-systems/electric-light/": {"t": "Electric light", "s": "An electrical device producing light from electricity."}, "https://codexery.com/transportation-engineering/e/transportation-engineering/aircraft-engine/": {"t": "Aircraft engine", "s": "Power component of aircraft propulsion systems.", "i": "https://codexery.com/transportation-engineering/img/transportation-engineering/aircraft-engine.webp", "c": "Hmvh · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/maine/": {"t": "Maine", "s": "Northeasternmost state in the contiguous United States.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/maine.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/respiratory-infectious-diseases/e/respiratory-and-infectious-diseases/bronchitis/": {"t": "Bronchitis", "s": "Inflammation of the bronchi causing cough, often viral or smoking-related."}, "https://codexery.com/respiratory-infectious-diseases/e/respiratory-and-infectious-diseases/allergic-rhinitis/": {"t": "Allergic rhinitis", "s": "Allergic rhinitis is the most common type of allergy."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/new-york-city/": {"t": "New York City", "s": "The most populous city in the United States, a global center of finance, culture, and diplomacy."}, "https://codexery.com/battery-inventors/e/battery-inventors/edward-weston-chemist/": {"t": "Edward Weston (chemist)", "s": "English-born American chemist and engineer, inventor of the Weston cell."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors/e/great-inventors/thomas-edison/": {"t": "Thomas Edison", "s": "The Wizard of Menlo Park who lit up the world", "i": "https://codexery.com/inventors/img/great-inventors/thomas-edison.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Thomas Edison · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/machine-guns/e/machine-guns/vickers-machine-gun/": {"t": "Vickers machine gun", "s": "A water-cooled .303 machine gun known for extreme reliability."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/explorers/basil-zaharoff/": {"t": "Basil Zaharoff", "s": "The 'merchant of death' who sold faulty arms to both sides.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/explorers/basil-zaharoff.webp", "c": "Agence de presse Meurisse · via Wikipedia: Basil Zaharoff · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/led-zeppelin/e/places/earls-court-exhibition-centre/": {"t": "Earls Court Exhibition Centre", "s": "The London arena where Led Zeppelin played five sold-out shows in May 1975."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-nobility/e/chinese-nobility/li-hongzhang/": {"t": "Li Hongzhang", "s": "Late Qing statesman, diplomat, and modernizer.", "i": "https://codexery.com/chinese-nobility/img/chinese-nobility/li-hongzhang.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Li Hongzhang · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/royalty-and-heads-of-state/e/royalty-and-heads-of-state/edward-vii/": {"t": "Edward VII", "s": "King of the United Kingdom and Emperor of India from 1901 to 1910.", "i": "https://codexery.com/royalty-and-heads-of-state/img/royalty-and-heads-of-state/edward-vii.webp", "c": "Author (artist) unknown (work was published in 1888) · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/massachusetts/": {"t": "Massachusetts", "s": "A New England state with a rich colonial and revolutionary history.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/massachusetts.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/opera-composers/e/opera-composers/ignacy-jan-paderewski/": {"t": "Ignacy Jan Paderewski", "s": "Polish pianist, composer, and statesman who shaped Poland's independence."}, "https://codexery.com/amateur-radio/e/amateur-radio/amateur-radio/": {"t": "Amateur radio", "s": "Non-commercial radio communication for experimentation, recreation, and emergency service."}, "https://codexery.com/amateur-radio/e/amateur-radio/american-radio-relay-league/": {"t": "American Radio Relay League", "s": "Largest US amateur radio membership association, founded 1914."}, "https://codexery.com/screen-legends/e/screen-legends/don-ameche/": {"t": "Don Ameche", "s": "From radio star to Oscar winner: the enduring charm of Don Ameche."}, "https://codexery.com/actors-from-the-golden-age-of-hollywood/e/actors-from-the-golden-age-of-hollywood/myrna-loy/": {"t": "Myrna Loy", "s": "American actress known for adapting to her screen partner's acting style.", "i": "https://codexery.com/actors-from-the-golden-age-of-hollywood/img/actors-from-the-golden-age-of-hollywood/myrna-loy.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Myrna Loy · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-england/e/regions-of-england/essex/": {"t": "Essex", "s": "Ceremonial county in South East England with ancient woodland and long coastline."}, "https://codexery.com/napoleon-iii/e/napoleon-iii/exposition-universelle-1855/": {"t": "Exposition Universelle (1855)", "s": "First of ten major Paris expositions between 1855 and 1937."}, "https://codexery.com/common-diseases-disorders/e/common-diseases-and-disorders/diabetes/": {"t": "Diabetes", "s": "A group of endocrine diseases marked by high blood sugar."}, "https://codexery.com/egyptian-inventions/e/egyptian-inventions/fountain-pen/": {"t": "Fountain pen", "s": "A writing instrument using an internal reservoir to hold ink."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-manufacturers/e/radio-manufacturers/siemens/": {"t": "Siemens", "s": "European engineering giant with roots in telegraphy and industrial automation."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-inventions/e/chinese-inventions/cast-iron/": {"t": "Cast iron", "s": "Iron-carbon alloy with >2% carbon, valued for castability."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/stockholm/": {"t": "Stockholm", "s": "The capital of Sweden, spanning fourteen islands where Lake Mälaren meets the Baltic Sea."}, "https://codexery.com/playwrights-and-dramatists/e/playwrights-and-dramatists/august-strindberg/": {"t": "August Strindberg", "s": "Swedish playwright and novelist, father of modern Swedish literature.", "i": "https://codexery.com/playwrights-and-dramatists/img/playwrights-and-dramatists/august-strindberg.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: August Strindberg · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/chemists-and-biochemists/e/chemists-and-biochemists/j-ns-jacob-berzelius/": {"t": "Jöns Jacob Berzelius", "s": "Father of Swedish Chemistry and pioneer of stoichiometry"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/dublin/": {"t": "Dublin", "s": "Capital of Ireland, city of the black pool and the hurdled ford."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-england/e/regions-of-england/somerset/": {"t": "Somerset", "s": "A rural county with ancient history and cultural festivals."}}